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Nutritionists advise others on what to eat in order to lead a healthy lifestyle or achieve a specific health-related goal, such as losing weight or reducing blood pressure. Some nutritionists work directly with clients and patients in clinical settings, while others work in community settings like schools or health centers developing food plans and strategies for certain groups or demographics.

How much a nutritionist makes will depend on their qualifications, experience, and where they work, but the average nutritionist’s salary in the U.S. is $54,137 a year, according to ZipRecruiter.

Read on to learn more about how much a nutritionist can make a year and an hour, which cities and states pay the highest salaries, and other compensation and occupational benefits nutritionists enjoy.

What Are Nutritionists?

A nutritionist is an expert in using food to improve health and to prevent and manage disease. Nutritionists often advise people on what to eat to address a particular medical issue, such as hypertension, diabetes, or obesity. They may also be called upon to come up with a plan of action in situations where a treatment protocol, such as chemotherapy, impacts an individual’s overall diet or creates particular food sensitivities. Their exact role will depend on their specialization.

Being a nutritionist is not an ideal job for antisocial people, since you generally don’t work alone. Nutritionists can work in a variety of work settings, including:

•   Hospitals and doctors’ offices

•   Nursing homes

•   Gyms and recreation centers

•   Foodservice organizations

•   Food and beverage companies

•   Pharmaceutical companies

•   Government organizations

While the terms “nutritionist” and “dietician” are often used interchangeably, there are some key distinctions between them. A registered dietitian (R.D.) is qualified to diagnose and treat certain medical conditions. Nutritionists, on the other hand, tend to focus on general nutritional aims and behaviors.

Dietitians also tend to have more education and credentials, though that’s not always the case. Depending on the state they practice in, a nutritionist may be required to have specific qualifications, certifications, or a license. However, in some states, there are no such mandates — meaning anyone can use the title if they want to.

While every dietitian can be called a nutritionist, not every nutritionist is a dietitian.

How Much Do Starting Nutritionists Make a Year?

While the average nutritionist’s salary is $54,137 a year, someone just starting out in the field may not be able to earn that figure as an entry-level salary. That said, a nutritionist coming into the profession with an advanced degree, such as a master’s or doctorate, and a license or other credentials, may be able to command a higher-than-average salary even when they are just starting out.


💡 Quick Tip: When you have questions about what you can and can’t afford, a spending tracker app can show you the answer. With no guilt trip or hourly fee.

What is the Average Salary for a Nutritionist?

While salaries for a nutritionist can range anywhere from $32,500 to $90,000, the average annual pay for a nutritionist in the U.S. is $54,137 a year, according to February 2024 data from ZipRecruiter.

Nutritionist’s typically get paid an annual salary but some may make money by the hour, which can range from $15.62 to $43.27.

How much a nutritionist makes, however, can vary significantly by education, credentials, experience, industry, and location. Advanced education, such as a master’s or doctoral degree, can generally help you qualify for a higher-than-average nutritionist’s salary.

Certain metropolitan areas also pay more than others. The top paying cities for nutritionists include: Berkeley, CA,; Renton, WA; Newark, CA; Woburn, MA; and Santa Monica, CA.

Recommended: Is a $100,000 Salary Good?

The Average Nutritionist Salary by State for 2024

As mentioned above, how much money a nutritionist makes can vary by location. What follows is a breakdown of how much a dietician makes per year, on average, by state (listed from highest to lowest).

State	Average Annual Salary
Wisconsin	$83,731
Alaska	$81,044
Massachusetts	$80,824
Oregon	$80,772
New Mexico	$80,529
North Dakota	$80,527
Washington	$80,268
Minnesota	$79,381
Hawaii	$78,914
Ohio	$77,594
Colorado	$76,879
Nevada	$76,629
South Dakota	$76,107
New York	$75,623
Iowa	$74,908
Rhode Island	$74,814
Connecticut	$74,143
Tennessee	$74,087
Vermont	$73,710
Utah	$73,446
Mississippi	$72,808
Delaware	$72,604
Virginia	$71,688
Illinois	$71,072
Maryland	$70,347
New Jersey	$69,540
California	$69,458
Louisiana	$69,304
Pennsylvania	$69,281
Nebraska	$68,943
Kansas	$68,520
Missouri	$68,260
Maine	$67,953
South Carolina	$67,618
New Hampshire	$67,312
Oklahoma	$66,767
Idaho	$66,358
Wyoming	$66,356
North Carolina	$66,222
Texas	$65,834
Indiana	$65,561
Arizona	$64,205
Kentucky	$64,000
Michigan	$63,673
Montana	$63,238
Alabama	$62,448
Arkansas	$60,647
Georgia	$58,176
West Virginia	$53,507
Florida	$51,486

Source: ZipRecruiter

Nutritionist Job Considerations for Pay & Benefits

To get a job as a nutritionist or dietician, you may need:

•   A bachelor’s degree, ideally in dietetics, nutrition, food service systems management, clinical nutrition, or a related area.

•   Advanced degree (such as a master’s or doctoral degree)

•   Supervised training through an internship

•   A license (many, though not all, states require licenses for dietitians and nutritionists to practice)

•   Certification (many dietitians earn the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist credential, which requires a bachelor’s degree and completed a dietetic internship program).

Nutritionists who work on staff typically receive not only competitive pay but also a suite of benefits, which may include:

•   401(k)

•   Dental insurance

•   Disability insurance

•   Employee assistance program

•   Flexible spending account

•   Health insurance

•   Life insurance

•   Paid time off

•   Retirement plan

•   Vision insurance


💡 Quick Tip: Income, expenses, and life circumstances can change. Consider reviewing your budget a few times a year and making any adjustments if needed.

Pros and Cons of Becoming a Nutritionist?

As with any profession, becoming a nutritionist comes with both advantages and disadvantages. Here’s a closer look at the job’s pros and cons.

Pros of Becoming a Nutritionist

•   Opportunity to help people: Nutritionists help people by guiding them in their food choices and assisting them in reaching their health and nutritional goals, which can be highly rewarding.

•   Varied tasks and responsibilities: A nutritionist can enjoy meeting a variety of people in different contexts. No client or situation will be the same, and each will bring new challenges.

•   Can work in a variety of settings: Nutritionists can choose where they want to work, such as a hospital, nursing home, school, or gym. With extensive experience, a registered dietitian might open a private consulting practice and offer specialized services to their patients.

•   Strong job outlook: The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts the employment of dietitians and nutritionists to grow 7% between 2022 and 2030, which is faster than the average for all occupations.

Cons of Becoming a Nutritionist?

•   May need an advanced degree and certification: Depending on where you want to work, you may need to obtain a master’s and/or certain certifications (on top of a bachelor’s degree).

•   Can be emotionally draining: Though generally a low-stress job, nutritionists may need to have frequent interactions with seriously ill patients, which can be emotionally challenging.

•   You constantly have to stay up to date: Nutrition is an evolving science, which means you’ll need to stay current on the latest nutritional guidelines, regulations, and research, and adjust your practice based on new developments.

•   Competition for top-paying jobs: While the job outlook is strong for nutritionists, jobs with competitive pay may receive a lot of applicants. Obtaining more than the minimum education and training required by the state, however, can set you apart from other job competitors.

Recommended: How Much Does a Nurse Make a Year?

The Takeaway

Working as a nutritionist can be a rewarding career for people who want to help others improve their health and lifestyle. Nutritionists can choose where they want to work and who they want to work with. A nutritionist’s salary can range from $32,500 to $90,000 or more depending on their certification, experience, and employer.

Whatever type of job you pursue, you’ll want to make sure your earnings can cover your everyday living expenses. To help ensure your monthly outflows don’t exceed your monthly inflows, you may want to set up a basic budget and check out financial tools that can help track your income and spending.

SoFi helps you stay on top of your finances.

FAQ

Can you make $100k a year as a nutritionist?

Earning $100K as a nutritionist is possible but isn’t typical. Nutritionist salaries range anywhere from $32,500 to $90,000 a year, according to ZipRecruiter. That said, getting an advanced degree and extra certifications and/or starting your own private practice could lead to a six figure income.

Do people like being a nutritionist?

People who want to help others and who have an interest in the science of food will enjoy being a nutritionist. There are plenty of opportunities for nutritionists in a variety of contexts.

Is it hard to get hired as a nutritionist?

Nutritionists and dieticians are currently in demand and job opportunities are expected to grow 7% between 2022 and 2030, which is faster than the average for all occupations, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

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Photo credit: iStock/Candle Photo

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*Terms and conditions apply. This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed towards active SoFi accounts, such as your SoFi Checking or Savings account, subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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Over the life of a $350,000 mortgage with a 7% interest rate, borrowers could expect to pay from $216,229 to $488,233 in total interest, depending on whether they opt for a 15-year or 30-year loan term. But the actual cost of a mortgage depends on several factors, including the interest rate, and whether you have to pay private mortgage insurance.

Besides interest, homebuyers need to account for a down payment, closing costs, and the long-term costs of taxes and insurances that are included in a $350,000 mortgage payment.

Cost of a $350,000 Mortgage

When you finance a home purchase, you have to pay back more than the borrowed amount, known as the loan principal. The total cost of taking out a $350,000 mortgage is $838,281 with a 30-year term at a 7% interest rate. This comes out to $488,233 worth of interest, assuming there aren’t any late monthly mortgage payments or pre-payments.

When you buy a home, there are usually some upfront costs you’ll have to pay, too. Mortgages often require a down payment, calculated as a percentage of home purchase price, that’s paid out of pocket to secure financing from a lender. The required amount varies by loan type and lender, but average down payments range from 3% – 20%.

Closing costs, including home inspections, appraisals, and attorney fees, represent another upfront cost for real estate transactions. They typically sum up to 3% to 6% of the loan principal, or $10,500 to $21,000 on a $350,000 mortgage.

The total down payment on $350,000 mortgages also impacts the total cost of taking out a home loan. Unless buyers put 20% or more down on a home purchase, they’ll have to pay private mortgage insurance (PMI) with their monthly mortgage payment. The annual cost of PMI is generally between 0.5% – 1.5% of the loan principal. Borrowers can get out of paying PMI with a mortgage refinance or when they reach 20% equity in their home. If this is your first time in the housing market, consider reading up on tips to qualify for a mortgage.


💡 Quick Tip: When house hunting, don’t forget to lock in your home mortgage loan rate so there are no surprises if your offer is accepted.

Monthly Payments for a $350,000 Mortgage

The monthly payment on a $350K mortgage won’t always be the same amount. You’ll need to factor in your down payment, interest rate, and loan term to estimate your $350,000 mortgage monthly payment.

With a 30-year loan term and 7% interest rate, borrowers can expect to pay around $2,328 a month. Whereas a 15-year term at the same rate would have a monthly payment of approximately $3,146. However, these estimates only account for the loan principal and interest. Monthly mortgage payments also include taxes and insurances, but these costs can differ considerably by location and based on a home’s assessed value.

There are also different types of mortgages to consider. Whether you opt for a fixed vs adjustable-rate mortgage, for instance, will affect your monthly payment.

To get a clearer idea of what your monthly payment might be with different down payments and loan terms, try using a mortgage calculator.

Recommended: Best Affordable Places to Live in the U.S.

Where to Get a $350,000 Mortgage

Homebuyers have many options in terms of lenders, including banks, credit unions, mortgage brokers, and online lenders.

The homebuying process can be stressful, so it may be tempting to go with the first mortgage offer you receive. However, shopping around and getting loan estimates from multiple lenders lets you choose the one that’s the most competitive and cost-effective.

Even a fraction of a percentage point difference on an interest rate can add up to thousands in savings over the life of a mortgage. Besides the interest rate, assess the fees, terms, and closing costs when comparing mortgage offers.

Recommended: Home Loan Help Center

What to Consider Before Applying for a $350,000 Mortgage

When taking out a mortgage, it’s important to consider the total cost of the loan. You’ll need cash on hand for a down payment and closing costs, plus sufficient income and funds to cover the monthly payment and other homeownership costs.

Before applying for a $350,000 mortgage, crunching the numbers in a housing affordability calculator can give a better understanding of how these costs will work with your finances.

It’s also helpful to see how $350,000 mortgage monthly payments are applied to the loan interest and principal over the life of the loan. The majority of the monthly mortgage payment goes toward interest rather than paying off the loan principal, as demonstrated by the amortization schedules below.

Here’s the mortgage amortization schedule for a 30-year $350,000 mortgage with a 7% interest rate — which would amount to $488,233 in interest. For comparison, we’ve also included the mortgage amortization schedule for a 15-year $350,000 mortgage with a 7% interest rate. A $350,000 mortgage payment, 15 years’ out, would add up to $216,229 in interest. When weighing a 30-year vs 15-year loan term, the shorter loan term carries a higher monthly payment but less than half the total interest over the life of the loan.

Amortization Schedule, 30-year Mortgage at 7%

Year	Beginning Balance	Total Interest Paid	Total Principal Paid	Remaining Balance
1	$350,000	$24,386	$3,555	$346,425
2	$346,425	$24,129	$3,812	$342,613
3	$342,613	$23,853	$4,088	$338,525
4	$338,525	$23,558	$4,383	$334,142
5	$334,142	$23,241	$4,700	$329,442
6	$329,442	$22,901	$5,040	$324,402
7	$324,402	$22,537	$5,404	$318,998
8	$318,998	$22,146	$5,795	$313,203
9	$313,203	$21,717	$6,214	$306,989
10	$306,989	$21,278	$6,663	$300,326
11	$300,326	$20,796	$7,145	$293,182
12	$293,182	$20,280	$7,661	$285,520
13	$285,520	$19,726	$8,215	$277,306
14	$277,306	$19,132	$8,809	$268,497
15	$268,497	$18,496	$9,446	$259,051
16	$259,051	$17,813	$10,128	$248,923
17	$248,923	$17,081	$10,861	$238,062
18	$238,062	$16,295	$11,646	$226,417
19	$226,417	$15,454	$12,488	$213,929
20	$213,929	$14,551	$13,390	$200,539
21	$200,539	$13,583	$14,358	$186,181
22	$186,181	$12,545	$15,396	$170,784
23	$170,784	$11,432	$16,509	$154,275
24	$154,275	$10,238	$17,703	$136,573
25	$136,573	$8,959	$18,982	$117,590
26	$117,590	$7,586	$20,355	$97,236
27	$97,236	$6,115	$21,826	$75,409
28	$75,409	$4,537	$23,404	$52,006
29	$52,006	$2,845	$25,096	$26,910
30	$26,910	$1,031	$26,910	$0

Amortization Schedule, 15-year Mortgage at 7%

Year	Beginning Balance	Total Interest Paid	Total Principal Paid	Remaining Balance
1	$350,000	$24,065	$13,684	$336,296
2	$336,296	$23,076	$14,673	$321,624
3	$321,624	$22,015	$15,733	$305,890
4	$305,890	$20,878	$16,871	$289,020
5	$289,020	$19,658	$18,090	$270,929
6	$270,929	$18,351	$19,398	$251,531
7	$251,531	$16,948	$20,800	$230,731
8	$230,731	$15,445	$22,304	$208,427
9	$208,427	$13,832	$23,916	$184,510
10	$184,510	$12,103	$25,645	$158,865
11	$158,865	$10,249	$27,499	$131,366
12	$131,366	$8,261	$29,487	$101,879/td>
13	$101,879	$6,130	$31,619	$70,260
14	$70,260	$3,844	$33,904	$36,355
15	$36,355	$1,393	$36,355	$0

Recommended: The Cost of Living By State

How to Get a $350,000 Mortgage

To qualify for a $350,000 mortgage, borrowers will need to meet the income, credit, and down payment requirements. It’s also important to have an adequate budget for long-term housing costs and other financial goals and obligations like savings and debt.

Using the 28/36 rule, a monthly mortgage payment shouldn’t be more than 28% of your monthly gross income and 36% of your total debt to be considered affordable. With a $2,328 monthly mortgage payment, you’d need a minimum gross monthly income of at least $8,300, or annual income of $96,600, to follow the 28% rule. Similarly, your total debt could not exceed $660 to keep housing and debt costs from surpassing 36%.

Home mortgage loans, with the exception of certain government-backed loans, require a minimum credit score of 620 to qualify. However, a higher credit score can help secure more competitive rates. If you qualify as a first-time homebuyer, you could get a FHA loan with a credit score of 500 or higher, though borrowers with a credit score below 580 will have to make a 10% down payment.

As mentioned above, it’s a good idea to compare lenders and loan types to find the most favorable rate and loan terms. From there, getting preapproved for a home loan is a logical next step to determine the loan amount and interest rate you qualify for. It also puts you in a better position to demonstrate you’re a serious buyer when making an offer on a property.

After putting in an offer, completing the mortgage application requires many of the same forms used for preapproval, plus an earnest money deposit.


💡 Quick Tip: Generally, the lower your debt-to-income ratio, the better loan terms you’ll be offered. One way to improve your ratio is to increase your income (hello, side hustle!). Another way is to consolidate your debt and lower your monthly debt payments.

The Takeaway

Buying a home is the largest purchase many Americans make in their lifetime. How much you’ll end up paying for a $350,000 mortgage depends on the interest rate and loan term. On a $350,000 mortgage, the monthly payment can range from $2,328 to $3,146 based on these factors.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.

FAQ

How much is a $350K mortgage a month?

The cost of a $350,000 monthly mortgage payment is influenced by the loan term and interest rate. On a $350K mortgage with 7% interest, the monthly payment ranges from $2,328 to $3,146 depending on the loan term.

How much income is required for $350,000 mortgage?

Income requirements can vary by lender. But using the 28/36 rule, a borrower who isn’t burdened by lots of other debts should make $99,600 a year to afford the monthly payment on a $350,000 mortgage.

How much is a down payment on a $350,000 mortgage?

The down payment amount depends on the loan type and lender terms. FHA loans require down payments of 3.5% or 10%, while buyers could qualify for a conventional loan with as little as 3% down.

Can I afford a $350K house with a $70K salary?

It may be possible to afford a $350,000 house with a $70,000 salary, but only if you are able to make a sizable down payment to lessen the amount of money you need to borrow. Having a good credit score and minimal debt would also better your chances.

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Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.

*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

^¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.

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You may have come across the term “ESOP” and wondered, what does ESOP stand for? An employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) is a type of defined contribution plan that allows workers to own shares of their company’s stock. While these plans are covered by many of the same rules and regulations that apply to 401(k) plans, an ESOP uses a different approach to help employees fund their retirement.

The National Center for Employee Ownership estimates that there are approximately 6,533 ESOPs covering nearly 15 million workers in the U.S. But what is an employee stock ownership plan exactly? How is an ESOP a defined contribution plan? And how does it work?

If you have access to this type of retirement plan through your company, it’s important to understand the ESOP meaning and where it might fit into your retirement strategy.

What Is an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP)?

An ESOP as defined by the IRS is “an IRC section 401(a) qualified defined contribution plan that is a stock bonus plan or a stock bonus/money purchase plan.” (IRC stands for Internal Revenue Code.) So what is ESOP in simpler terms? It’s a type of retirement plan that allows you to own shares of your company’s stock.

Though both ESOPs and 401(k)s are qualified retirement plans, the two are different in terms of how they are funded and what you’re investing in. For example, while employee contributions to an ESOP are allowed, they’re not required. Plus, you can have an ESOP and a 401(k) if your employer offers one. According to the ESOP Association, 93.6% of employers who offer an ESOP also offer a 401(k) plan for workers who are interested in investing for retirement.

💡 Quick Tip: Before opening an investment account, know your investment objectives, time horizon, and risk tolerance. These fundamentals will help keep your strategy on track and with the aim of meeting your goals.

How Employee Stock Ownership Plans Work

In creating an ESOP, the company establishes a trust fund for the purpose of holding new shares of stock or cash to buy existing shares of stock in the company. The company may also borrow money with which to purchase shares. Unlike employee stock options, with an ESOP employees don’t purchase shares themselves.

Shares held in the trust are divided among employee accounts. The percentage of shares held by each employee may be based on their pay or another formula, as decided by the employer. Employees assume ownership of these shares according to a vesting schedule. Once an employee is fully vested, which must happen within three to six years, they own 100% of the shares in their account.

ESOP Distributions and Upfront Costs

When an employee changes jobs, retires, or leaves the company for any other reason, the company has to buy back the shares in their account at fair market value (if a private company) or at the current sales price (if a publicly-traded company). Depending on how the ESOP is structured, the payout may take the form of a lump sum or be spread over several years.

For employees, there are typically no upfront costs for an ESOP.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan Examples

A number of companies use employee stock ownership plans alongside or in place of 401(k) plans to help employees save for retirement, and there are a variety of employee stock ownership plan examples. Some of the largest companies that are at least 50% employee-owned through an ESOP include:

•   Publix Super Markets

•   WinCo Foods

•   Amsted Industries

•   Brookshire Grocery Company

•   Houchens Industries

•   Performance Contracting, Inc.

•   Parsons

•   Davey Tree Expert

•   W.L. Gore & Associates

•   HDR, Inc.

Seven of the companies on this list are 100% employee-owned, meaning they offer no other retirement plan option. Employee stock ownership plans are popular among supermarkets but they’re also used in other industries, including engineering, manufacturing, and construction.

Pros & Cons of ESOP Plans

ESOPs are attractive to employees as part of a benefits package, and can also yield some tax benefits for employers. Whether this type of retirement savings plan is right for you, however, can depend on your investment goals, your long-term career plans, and your needs in terms of how long your savings will last. Here are some of the employee stock ownership plans pros and cons.

Pros of ESOP Plans

With an ESOP, employees get the benefit of:

•   Shares of company stock purchased on their behalf, with no out-of-pocket investment

•   Fair market value for those shares when they leave the company

•   No taxes owed on contributions

•   Dividend reinvestment, if that’s offered by the company

An ESOP can be an attractive savings option for employees who may not be able to make a regular payroll deduction to a 401(k) or similar plan. You can still grow wealth for retirement as you’re employed by the company, without having to pay anything from your own pocket.

Cons of ESOP Plans

In terms of downsides, there are a few things that might make employees think twice about using an ESOP for retirement savings. Here are some of the potential drawbacks to consider:

•   Distributions can be complicated and may take time to process

•   You’ll owe income tax on distributions

•   If you change jobs means you’ll only be able to keep the portion of your ESOP that you’re vested in

•   ESOPs only hold shares of company stocks so there’s no room for diversification

Pros and Cons of ESOP Plan Side-by-Side Comparison

Pros	Cons
•   Shares of company stock purchased on employees’ behalf, with no out-of-pocket investment •   Fair market value for those shares when they leave the company •   No taxes owed on contributions •   Dividend reinvestment, if that’s offered by the company	•   Distributions can be complicated and may take time to process •   You’ll owe income tax on those distributions •   Changing jobs means you’ll only be able to keep the portion of your ESOP that you’re vested in •   ESOPs only hold shares of company stocks so there’s no room for diversification

By comparison, a 401(k) could offer more flexibility in terms of what you invest in and how you access those funds when changing jobs or retiring. But it’s important to remember that the amount you’re able to walk away with in a 401(k) largely hinges on what you contribute during your working years, whereas an ESOP can be funded without you contributing a single penny.

💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that you must choose the investments in your IRA? Once you open a new IRA and start saving, you get to decide which mutual funds, ETFs, or other investments you want — it’s totally up to you.

ESOP Contribution Limits

The IRS sets contribution limits on other retirement plans, and ESOPs are no different. In particular, there are two limits to pay attention to:

•   Limit for determining the lengthening of the five-year distribution period

•   Limit for determining the maximum account balance subject to the five-year distribution period

Like other retirement plan limits, the IRS raises ESOP limits regularly through cost of living adjustments. Here’s how the ESOP compares for 2023 and 2024.

ESOP Limits	2023	2024
Limit for determining the lengthening of the five-year distribution period	$265,000	$275,000
Limit for determining the maximum account balance subject to the five-year distribution period	$1,330,000	$1,380,000

Cashing Out of an ESOP

In most cases, you can cash out of an ESOP only if you retire, leave the company, lose your job, become disabled, or pass away.

Check the specific rules for your plan to find out how the cashing-out process works.

Can You Roll ESOPs Into Other Retirement Plans?

You can roll an ESOP into other retirement plans such as IRAs. However, there are possible tax implications, so you’ll want to plan your rollover carefully.

ESOPs are tax-deferred plans. As long as you roll them over into another tax-deferred plan such as a traditional IRA, within 60 days, you generally won’t have to pay taxes.

However, a Roth IRA is not tax-deferred. In that case, if you roll over some or all of your ESOP into a Roth IRA, you will owe taxes on the amount your shares are worth.

Because rolling over an ESOP can be a complicated process and could involve tax implications, you may want to consult with a financial professional about the best way to do it for your particular situation.

ESOPs vs 401(k) Plans

Although ESOPs and 401(k)s are both retirement plans, the funding and distribution is different for each of them. Both plans have advantages and disadvantages. Here’s a side-by-side comparison of their pros and cons.

	ESOP	401(k)
Pros	•   Money is invested by the company, typically, and requires no contributions from employees. •   Employees get fair market value for shares when they leave the company. •   Company may offer dividend reinvestment.	•   Many employers offer matching funds. •   Choice of options to invest in. •   Generally easy to get distributions when an employee leaves the company.
Cons	•   ESOPs are invested in company stock only. •   Value of shares may fall or rise based on the performance of the company. •   Distribution may be complicated and take time.	•   Some employees may not be able to afford to contribute to the plan. •   Employees must typically invest a certain amount to qualify for the employer match. •   Employees are responsible for researching and choosing their investments.

Recommended: Should You Open an IRA If You Already Have a 401(k)?

3 Other Forms of Employee Ownership

An ESOP is just one kind of employee ownership plan. These are some other examples of plans an employer might offer.

Stock options

Stock options allow employees to purchase shares of company stock at a certain price for a specific period of time.

Direct stock purchase plan

With these plans, employees can use their after-tax money to buy shares of the company’s stock. Some direct stock purchase plans may offer the stock at discounted prices.

Restricted stock

In the case of restricted stock, shares of stock may be awarded to employees who meet certain performance goals or metrics.

Investing for Retirement With SoFi

There are different things to consider when starting a retirement fund but it’s important to remember that time is on your side. No matter what type of plan you choose, the sooner you begin setting money aside for retirement, the more room it may have to grow.

Ready to invest for your retirement? It’s easy to get started when you open a traditional or Roth IRA with SoFi. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

Easily manage your retirement savings with a SoFi IRA.

FAQ

Can employees contribute to an ESOP?

In most cases, the employer makes contributions to an ESOP on behalf of employees. Rarely, employers may allow for employee contributions to employee stock ownership plans.

What is the maximum contribution to an ESOP?

The maximum account balance allowed in an employee stock ownership plan is determined by the IRS. For 2024, this limit is $1,380,000, though amounts are increased periodically through cost of living adjustments.

What does ESOP stand for?

ESOP stands for employee stock ownership plan. This is a type of qualified defined contribution plan which allows employees to own shares of their company’s stock.

How does ESOP payout work?

When an employee changes jobs, retires, or leaves the company for any other reason, the company has to buy back the shares in their account at fair market value or at the current sales price, depending if the company is private or publicly-traded. The payout to the employee may take the form of a lump sum or be spread over several years. Check with your ESOP plan for specific information about the payout rules.

Is an ESOP better than a 401(k)?

An ESOP and a 401(k) are both retirement plans, and they each have pros and cons. For instance, the employer generally funds an ESOP while an employee contributes to a 401(k) and the employer may match a portion of those contributions. A 401(k) allows for more investment options, while an ESOP consists of shares of company stock.

It’s possible to have both an ESOP and a 401(k) if your employer gives you that option. Currently, almost 94% of companies that offer ESOPs also offer a 401(k), according to the ESOP Association.

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