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While prenups and postnups aren’t as romantic as discussing your honeymoon or your dream house, these agreements can be a financial lifesaver if your marriage were to end.

Both prenups and postnups help determine who would get what if you and your spouse got divorced.

These two varieties of agreements carry some significant distinctions. Depending on your circumstances, one may better suit your relationship versus the other.

Here, you’ll learn some of the key ways prenups vs. postnups differ, as well as how to decide if you and your partner would benefit from getting one.

What is a Prenup?

Short for “prenuptial agreement,” a prenup is a legally binding document set up before a couple gets married — hence the “pre” suffix. Prenups may also be known as “antenuptial agreements” or “premarital agreements,” but the bottom line is, they’re contracts drafted before vows are made.

These contracts typically list each party’s assets, including property and wealth, as well as any debts either soon-to-be-spouse might carry.

It then details how these assets will be divided in case the marriage comes to an end, either through a divorce or the death of a spouse.

Who Needs a Prenup?

Couples who are getting married for the first time and are bringing little to no assets into the marriage may not need to bother with drawing up a prenup.

However, a prenup can be particularly useful if one spouse is coming into the marriage with children from a previous partnership, or if one partner has a large inheritance or a significant estate, or is expecting to receive a large inheritance or distribution from a family trust.

These types of agreements aren’t just used in case of divorce, but also death, which can be particularly important for couples with children from a previous marriage.

If that partner dies, the prenup can define how much of their wealth should be passed onto their children versus their surviving spouse.

Prenups can also be useful for protecting assets earned and property acquired during the course of a marriage, which, without a prenup, are generally considered “shared ownership.”

If one partner wants to maintain a separate claim to acquired wealth or possessions, a prenuptial agreement makes that possible.

A prenup can also keep a high-earning partner from being required to pay alimony to their partner in the case of a divorce. However, in some states, a spouse can’t give up the right to alimony, and the waiver may not be enforced by a judge depending on the way the prenup is drafted.

In the event of divorce, a prenup can also help protect a spouse from being liable for any debt, such as student loan payments in a marriage, the other spouse brought into the union.

What is a Postnup?

A postnup, or postnuptial agreement, is almost identical to a prenup — except that it’s drafted after a marriage has been established.

They may not be as well known as prenups, but postnups have grown increasingly common in recent years, with nearly all 50 U.S. states now allowing them.

A postnup may be created soon after the wedding, if the couple meant to do so but simply didn’t get around to it before the big day, or well afterwards, especially if some significant financial change has taken place in the family.

Either way, a postnup, much like a prenup, does the job of outlining exactly how assets will be allocated if the partnership comes to an end.

Who Needs a Postnup?

Along with being drafted whole cloth, a postnup can be used to amend an existing prenuptial agreement if there have been big changes that mean the initial contract is now outdated.

And although it’s not fun to think about, if a couple feels they’ll soon be facing divorce, a postnup can help simplify one important part of the process before the rest of the legal proceedings take place.

A postnup, like a prenup, can help separate out assets that would otherwise be considered shared, “marital property,” which can be important if one partner obtains an inheritance, trust, piece of real estate, or other possession they want to maintain full ownership over.

Postnups can also be part of a renewed effort for a couple to commit to a marriage that may be facing some obstacles and challenges.

Prenup vs. Postnup: Which is Right for Your Relationship?

While it may be a difficult conversation to face with your fiance or spouse, creating a prenup or postnup can be an important step to help you avoid both headache and heartache later on.

If you don’t make a prenup or postnup, your state’s laws determine who owns the assets that you acquire in your marriage, as well as what happens to that property in the event of divorce or death. State law may also determine what happens to some of the assets you owned before marriage.

While almost any couple can benefit from a frank discussion of who gets what in the worst-case scenario, here are the situations in which you might specifically want to consider a prenup vs. postnup.

Recommended: How to Switch Banks

When to Consider a Prenup

•   If one or both partners have existing children from a previous partnership, to whom they want to lay out specific inheritances in case of death.

•   If one partner has a larger estate or net worth (i.e., if one spouse is significantly wealthier than the other).

•   If one or both partners want to protect earnings made and possessions acquired during the marriage from “shared ownership.”

When to Consider a Postnup

•   If you intended to create a prenup but ran out of time or otherwise didn’t do so before the wedding.

•   If significant financial changes have made it necessary to change an existing prenup or draft a new postnup.

•   If divorce is looking likely or inevitable, and the couple wishes to streamline the process of dividing marital assets before undergoing the rest of the process.

In all cases, prenuptial and postnuptial agreements can help simplify the division of assets in the case of either death or divorce — and in either of those extremely emotionally charged scenarios, every little bit of simplification can help.

However, prenups are sometimes considered more straightforward, since they’re made before assets are combined to become marital property.

Prenups may be more likely to be enforceable than postnups should one partner attempt to dispute it after a divorce.

Recommended: Budget Tips for Life After Divorce

How to Get a Prenup or Postnup

Here are points to consider:

•   For a prenup or postnup agreement to be considered valid by a judge, it must be clear, legally sound, and fair.

•   Couples looking to save money may be able to use a template to create a prenup or postnup themselves.

•   It may still be a good idea, however, for each partner to at least have separate attorneys review the document before either one signs.

•   If your estate is more complex, you may want to consider hiring an attorney to draft the agreement.

•   Either way, having an attorney review the document will help protect your interests and also help ensure that a judge will deem the agreement is valid.

Recommended: How to Manage Your Money Better

Reducing the Odds You’ll Ever Need to Use that Prenup or Postnup

While creating a prenup or postnup can be a smart move for even the most hopeful and romantic of couples, the ideal scenario is a happily-ever-after that leaves those contracts to gather dust.

Fighting about money is one of the top causes of strife among couples, and one of the main reasons married couples land in divorce court.

For some couples, one way to improve their odds might be waiting until they’ve achieved some measure of financial stability before tying the knot.

Walking into a marriage with a solid personal foundation, such as a well-stocked emergency fund and a well-established retirement account, can help partners feel empowered and able to focus on other important relationship goals.

Financial transparency, starting before and/or early in marriage, can also help mitigate marital tension over money.

To achieve more transparency, some couples may want to consider opening up a joint bank account, either after they tie the knot or before if they are living together and sharing household expenses.

While there are pros and cons to having a shared account, merging at least some of your money can help make it easier to track spending and stick to a household budget, while also fostering openness and teamwork.

For couples who’d rather not share every penny (or explain every purchase), having two separate accounts along with one joint account can be a good solution that helps keep money from becoming a source of tension in a marriage.

The Takeaway

Prenuptial and postnuptial agreements are both legal documents that address what will happen to marital assets if a married couple divorces or one of them dies.

A prenup is drafted before marriage, while a postnup can be drafted soon after or many years into marriage. Both agreements can make divorce or the death of a partner significantly less traumatic and help divide assets in an equitable way.

For both couples who are ready to integrate their finances or want to keep their money separate, opening a Checking and Savings account with SoFi makes things easy. Whether a joint account or not, you’ll spend and save in one convenient place, while earning a competitive annual percentage yield (APY) and paying no account fees.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

This article is not intended to be legal advice. Please consult an attorney for advice.

SOBK0523031U

Making it in life, in a financial sense, isn’t a matter of winning the lottery or saving pennies like a miser. Rather, like many goals, it can depend on developing good daily habits.

If you make small, incremental shifts in how you manage your money, you could grow your net worth significantly. Some of the moves to make can involve reviewing and trimming your recurring bills, bumping up your savings contributions a notch, and other simple changes.

While you may not see your savings double overnight, you can get on a path to growing your wealth. Here are some ideas that can help put you on the road to a better financial life.

1. Reviewing Monthly Expenses

One of the simplest ways to improve your financial health is to take a closer look at exactly where your money is going each month.

Consider tracking expenses for a month or so, and then making a list of how much you’re currently spending monthly on essential and non-essential items.

You may want to list them in order of priority, and then look for places where you could potentially pair back, or, in some cases, completely eliminate the expense.

This might involve canceling inactive memberships and unused subscriptions, and/or re-evaluating your cell, cable and car insurance plans (do you have more bells and whistles than you need? Could you get a better deal elsewhere?).

Or, you might decide to cook more, and get takeout less often, or make fewer trips to the mall.
Another way to knock down recurring bills is to do a little haggling. Sometimes all it takes is a phone call to get a provider to give you a better deal or to lower your rate.

For instance, if you see a promotion going on from a competitor, you can always ask your company if they can apply that rate to your account.

You can also call up a hospital to negotiate a medical bill.

Recommended: Are you financially healthy? Take this 2 minute quiz.💊

2. Trying a 30-Day Spending Freeze

One quick way to change your spending habits is to put yourself on a one-month spending freeze, during which you avoid buying anything that isn’t a must. You may identify some ways and reasons you are overspending and be able to scale back.

If that seems too challenging, you might want to pick a single category (such as clothing or shoes) or a specific store to stay away from for 30 days.

To help stay motivated, you might keep track of the money you didn’t spend during your freeze and then put it to use paying down debt, starting an emergency fund, or saving for a downpayment on a home or other short-term financial goal.

This can result in more money in the bank (or fewer bills) at the end of the month.

And once you start seeing the payoff of not giving in to impulse buying, you may find yourself spending less even after the freeze is over.

Recommended: How to Stop Compulsive and Impulsive Shopping

3. Automating Every Bill

Automating your finances not only makes your life easier, it can help boost your financial wellness.
Setting up automatic withdrawals from your bank account to pay all of your bills helps ensure those bills get paid on time. And, when it comes to improving your financial life, paying bills on time can have a pretty significant impact.

For one reason, it helps you avoid paying interest and late-payment fees.

It could also help maintain your credit score. That’s because a significant portion of your credit score is based on payment history. In fact, it’s weighted more than any other factor.

Having a good credit score is important because it can help you qualify for the best interest rates on credit cards and loans, including a home mortgage.

4. Putting an Extra 1% Towards Retirement

Even if you think you can always plan for retirement later, the sooner you start, the easier it is, and the more you’ll have when you do retire.

If you’re not yet maxing out your 401(k) contribution at work (which takes money out of your paycheck before taxes), you may want to increase it by just 1%.

You likely won’t notice the difference in your paycheck. But given the power of compounding interest (when your short- or long-term investments earn returns, those returns get reinvested and start to earn returns as well), that small increase can net more significant gains over time.

You may want to set up a timeline for when you want to bump it up another percentage point after you’ve gotten used to the 1%.

If you don’t have a 401(k) at work, you may want to look into opening an individual retirement account (IRA), keeping in mind that there are limits on how much you can put into retirement savings each year.

5. Paying in Cash

What is it about plastic that can make your brain think you’re not really spending money?

One way to curb unnecessary or mindless spending is to leave your credit cards at home and only carry the amount of cash you have budgeted to spend that day, or week.

When you can literally see your money going somewhere, you may find yourself becoming much more intentional in the way you spend it.

It can also be more difficult to get into debt when using cash, which could, in turn, pay off later by helping you avoid high interest credit card payments.

Recommended: Guide to Lowering Your Credit Card Interest Rate

6. Creating Multiple Income Streams

You may not be able to snap your fingers and get a raise at work, but it might be possible to increase your income in other ways. A low-cost side hustle could be the answer.

For example, is there a way to turn one of your hobbies, skills, or interests into some extra funds?

Maybe a favorite local business could use some help managing their social media account or designing or writing copy for their website.

Babysitting a neighbor’s kids, cleaning houses, walking dogs, or running errands for an older person are also options.

Or, you might consider taking up a gig with flexible hours, such as driving for Uber or another rideshare company, delivering food, helping people with small tasks, or personal shopping through one of the many on-demand service apps.

7. Saying “No” to Monthly Fees

Unless you’re looking very closely at your bank statements each month, you might not even be aware of the fees your bank may be charging every month for your checking or savings accounts.

These could include service fees, maintenance fees, ATM fees (if you go outside their network), minimum balance fees, overdraft/insufficient funds fees, and transaction fees. Over time, those little dinks can make a major dent in your account.

If you notice that you’re getting hit with one or more bank fees, you may want to consider shopping around for a less expensive bank or switching to an online-only financial institution.

Because online financial institutions typically don’t have the same overhead costs banks with physical branches do, they generally offer low or no fees.

8. Making Savings Automatic

To start a savings routine, consider opening up a high-yield savings account or checking and savings account, and then setting up automatic, monthly transfers from your checking account into this saving account.

By having a set amount automatically transferred every month, you won’t have to think about (or remember to manually make) this transaction — it’ll just happen.

It’s perfectly okay to start small. Even small deposits of $20 or so will add up.

Before long you may have enough for an emergency fund (i.e., three- to six-months worth of living expenses just-in-case), a down payment, or another savings goal.

9. Knocking Down Debt

Having too much debt can hurt your chances of achieving financial security.

That’s because when you’re spending a lot of money on interest each month, it can be harder to pay all of your other expenses on time, not to mention grow your savings.

Getting rid of debt can have long-range consequences as well.

If you can lower your credit utilization ratio, which shows the amount of available credit you have, you could help establish or maintain your credit scores. And that, in turn, could make it easier to qualify for lower-interest loans and credit cards in the future.

While knocking down debt may seem like a mountain to climb, choosing a simple debt reduction strategy may help.

•   Since credit card debt typically costs the most in interest, you might consider chipping away at these debts first, and then move on to the debt with the next-highest interest rate, and so on.

•   Another approach is to pay the minimum toward all your accounts and then pay any extra you can afford toward the debt with the smallest balance. When that debt is wiped out, you can move on to the next smallest balance, and so on.

If you can qualify for a lower interest rate, another option might be to take out a personal loan that consolidates all those high-interest debts into one more manageable payment.

The Takeaway

Making it financially doesn’t necessarily mean bringing in a huge paycheck or coming into a windfall (although those things don’t hurt).

Financial wellness is more about being able to live within your means while saving. Making a few incremental changes, such as putting just 1% more of your paycheck into your 401(k), or siphoning off an extra $100 into a savings or checking and savings account each month, can slowly but surely help you build your net worth.

Taking steps to improve your financial well-being can be simple with the right information and tools. With a SoFi Checking and Savings online bank account, you can track all your spending and saving with a single dashboard. It’s also easy to set up automatic transfers to savings accounts for different goals, all while earning competitive annual percentage yield (APY).

Not a fan of fees? SoFi Checking and Savings doesn’t have any account fees, plus withdrawing cash is fee-free at the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ ATMs worldwide.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOBK0523030U

Unpaid student loans can put a heavy yoke on personal finances. For millions of Americans, outstanding student debt means years and years of ongoing payments (averaging hundreds of dollars per month).

It can be hard to balance paying back what’s owed on student loans while meeting immediate expenses (like, paying rent) or pursuing long-term financial goals (like, saving up for a mortgage down payment).

But, the impact of student loan debt on the economy goes deeper than dinging individuals’ wallets, affecting entire job sectors.

Student loans now account for almost 40% of outstanding consumer debt in the U.S., outpacing the amounts owed on motor vehicle loans, for example, by more than $355 billion.

For a wide-angle view of student loan debt and the economy, it’s useful to know just how much money is owed by borrowers across the U.S. on educational debt. In 2023, the cumulative total of student loan debt in the U.S. surpassed $1.7 trillion, according to data from the Federal Reserve.

Understanding How Many Americans Have Student Loans

This educational debt load affects tens of millions of Americans. More than 43 million borrowers have federal student loan debt, with the average balance per individual being $37,338. To obtain a bachelor’s degree, the average student borrower takes out more than $31,000 in student loans.

For those with master’s degrees, student loan debt is even higher. The average master’s degree holder’s student loan debt is $83,651, which is 141% higher than the average student debt balance.

Given these massive numbers, it becomes clearer how the U.S. college student loan debt crisis and the economy are enmeshed in a tangled tango.

Reviewing Effects of Student Loan Debt on the Economy

If the total amount of student loan debt held by Americans sounds staggering, it’s because it is. That total — $1.757 trillion — is more than the GDP of countries such as Australia, Spain, and Mexico.

And, it’s more than double that of Saudi Arabia and Switzerland. It even outpaces the global box office totals of the 20-highest grossing films in history — a list that includes blockbusters like, Avengers: Endgame, Avatar, and Titanic — by more than 50 times!

With these numbers in mind, let’s dive deeper into the drag that this massive amount of educational debt continues to have on the U.S. economy.

Does Student Loan Debt Hamper Spending?

For the average individual paying off a student loan, typical payments amount to $200 to $299 each month. For many — especially those embarking on a career and earning an entry-level salary — this ongoing financial obligation can put a deleterious dent in funds they could otherwise spend elsewhere.

Student loan repayments can place a very real squeeze on the money that individuals have available each month for buying, investing, saving, or starting a business.

More money spent paying back student loans, in practice, means less money in pocket or saved. Consumer-driven economies grow when people (aka consumers) spend their hard-earned money. So, millions of people redirecting income towards loan payments can significantly slow or stifle economic growth. If someone is struggling to pay off their student loans, they’ll have less money to spend on purchases that help fuel the economy, businesses, and the workforce. The more young people there are who struggle to pay off loans, the greater this economic dampening effect that occurs.

During periods that require economic resilience, such as in a recession, reduced spending can be especially nefarious.

Consumer spending can help to stimulate a floundering economy, mitigating or reversing sudden downturns in specific sectors.

When that spending doesn’t happen during a downturn, it can take longer for the economy as a whole to bounce back.

For those with student debt, it can also be harder to weather a financial crisis, compounding the pain of higher unemployment and lower spending.

How Do Student Loans Affect the Housing Market?

With less money to spend, it’s no surprise that people with student loans have fewer funds for big ticket items, such as buying a home or saving for retirement.

And, since home ownership is a major driver of wealth accumulation, delaying when one buys a home can impact an individual’s net worth for decades to come.

How Do Student Loans Stifle Entrepreneurship?

Small businesses contribute to the economy in major ways. In fact, they’re responsible for 1.5 million jobs annually and generate 44% of economic activity in the U.S.

Future business owners may not be able to turn toward traditional means of financing, such as small business loans, when saddled with student loan debt. It can be harder to get approved for financing when your debt-to-income ratio is high due to loans.

And, when an individual with student debt does become an entrepreneur, they’re at risk of falling behind on student loan payments if their incoming income decreases.

Paying Off Student Loans Can Benefit Individuals and the Economy

When examining student loan debt and the economy, it may be helpful for borrowers to research additional ways to pay off existing student loans — both for their own financial well-being and the future growth of the U.S. economy on a whole.

Here are some strategies that could help those with outstanding student debt to pay down their educational loans faster.

Paying More than the Minimum Due

Student loans are generally subject to interest. Interest is a percentage charged by the lender on what’s been borrowed. Practically speaking, student loan interest accrues over time. So, borrowers who are unable to pay off their loan balances quickly typically end up spending more in interest over the entire life of the loan.

In most cases, the longer student loan debt goes unpaid, the more the borrower will owe, as unpaid interest gets added to the base dollar amount that had been borrowed from the lender. This is called compounding, and most student loans compound their interest daily. This can get confusing quickly, so here’s a student loan calculator so you can see exactly how much you’re spending on interest over the life of the loan.

Many lenders allow borrowers the option to submit a “minimum payment.” In the short term, paying a lower amount per month can free up some income or cash. But, paying the minimum does little or nothing to tackle the outstanding loan balance — typically, the borrower is just paying the accruing interest.

Paying more than the minimum can help reduce the length of time it will take to pay off an existing student loan — shrinking the principal balance as well as the amount of interest paid (aka total money spent) during the life of the loan.

While increasing monthly payments may not be manageable for every individual, paying a little extra when the opportunity presents itself can still help borrowers to eliminate student debt faster.

If nothing else, borrowers may want to apply a share of occasional windfalls, such as a work bonus or tax refund, towards outstanding student debt.

Applying for Loan Forgiveness

Under some circumstances, the government will even forgive federal student loans, essentially canceling out the remaining debt. Some teachers and public servants are among the groups that may be eligible for federal student loan forgiveness programs.

It’s worth noting that this Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program is not available to all workers (including some in the public sector) and applies only to federal, not privately held, student loans.

Refinancing Student Loans

Refinancing a student loan with a private lender may result in lower interest rates and/or the ability to pay off what’s owed in a shorter amount of time for well-qualified borrowers.

Student loan refinancing replaces an outstanding educational debt (e.g., a student loan or loans) with a new loan. As such, the new loan can have different terms and interest rates.

For some student loan holders, refinancing allows them to reduce their monthly payments or the total interest paid over the life of the loan.

It’s worth remembering, though, that refinancing federal student loans with a private lender means that the borrower will forfeit federal benefits, such as access to income-driven repayment plans or public service forgiveness programs.

Paying Off Student Loans Faster

Student loans have the potential to keep taking a big bite out of the economy. But, unpaid educational debts undoubtedly hurt the borrower even more, creating accruing interest and loan balances that can take years and years to pay off.

Refinancing educational debt with SoFi could potentially save borrowers money. SoFi’s loan refinancing comes with no application fee, a quick and easy online application, and competitive rates.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are a federal student loan borrower, you should consider all of your repayment opportunities including the opportunity to refinance your student loan debt at a lower APR or to extend your term to achieve a lower monthly payment. Please note that once you refinance federal student loans you will no longer be eligible for current or future flexible payment options available to federal loan borrowers, including but not limited to income-based repayment plans or extended repayment plans.