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As of the end of 2022, nearly 45 million Americans collectively have over $1.7 trillion in student loan debt, and these numbers are growing. If you are one of the millions with some form of student debt, you may have considered student loan consolidation, which allows you to combine all of your student loans into one loan with one monthly payment.

Student Loan Consolidation Explained

Student loan consolidation is designed to combine some or all of your student loans and make repayment more manageable. There are both federal and private options when it comes to consolidating your student loans.

Private Student Loan Consolidation

A private student loan consolidation is when a lender pays off all or some of your student loan debt and creates a new loan, which you will then make payments on. If you consolidate or refinance through a private lender, the new loan will ideally have a lower interest rate and better terms than your previous student loans. With a private lender, you can consolidate both federal and private loans, and this is typically referred to as a student loan refinance.

Consolidating through a private lender, though, means you lose access to federal forgiveness programs, such as income-driven repayment plans. If you plan on using one of these programs now or at some point in the future, it’s best to hold off on consolidating through a private lender.

Federal Student Loan Consolidation

If you are hoping to consolidate federal loans only and want to keep access to federal forgiveness programs, you can consolidate with a Direct Consolidation Loan through the U.S. Department of Education.

Recommended: Types of Federal Student Loans

Consolidating through the federal student loan system doesn’t usually save you money; it simply combines multiple loans into one. Your new interest rate is a weighted average of all your loans’ interest rates, rounded up to the nearest eighth of a percentage point. No application fees are charged for Direct Consolidation Loans, and the loans remain federal loans.

This could be particularly useful for borrowers who are pursuing federal loan forgiveness or who are enrolled in one of the more flexible federal student loan repayment plans, such as an income-driven repayment plan.

As you ask yourself, Should I consolidate my federal student loans? And when should I consolidate my student loans? The answers depend on a number of factors.

Benefits of Consolidating Student Loans

There are a few reasons to consider student loan consolidation either with a Direct Consolidation Loan or refinancing through a private lender.

Simplified Repayment

Whether you choose a Direct Consolidation Loan or choose to refinance through a private lender, your loan repayment should be simplified. Managing multiple student loan payments may increase your chances of missing a payment. If you miss even one payment, you risk your credit score being lowered. Late payments also stay on your credit profile for up to seven years.

Thus, consolidating multiple loans into one can help eliminate the margin of error and may make repayment more manageable.

Fixed Interest Rate

When an applicant is interested in refinancing through a private lender, their interest rate and terms will be based on their credit score, payment history, type of loan they’re seeking, and other financial factors. While requirements may vary by lender, applicants who meet or exceed the lender’s criteria may qualify for better interest rates and terms, thus saving money over the life of the loan. Borrowers can also switch from a variable to a fixed interest rate when refinancing through a private lender.

With federal Direct Loan Consolidation, as mentioned earlier, a borrower’s interest rate is a weighted average of current loan rates rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percentage point, which means this doesn’t typically result in savings for the borrower. The borrower does, however, keep their access to federal loan forgiveness programs.

Federal and Private Loans May Qualify

Both federal and private student loans can be refinanced. For a borrower who exclusively has federal loans, a Direct Consolidation Loan may work best, especially for those who plan to take advantage of federal forgiveness or repayment programs. Those who have a combination of federal and private loans can partner with a private lender to refinance.

Flexible Loan Terms

Student loan consolidation allows you to change the duration of your loan. You may currently have a 10-year repayment plan, but when you consolidate or refinance, you might choose to shorten or lengthen the term of your loan. Typically, lengthening the term of your loan will reduce your monthly student loan payment (but add up to more total interest).

Considerations for Student Loan Consolidation

Even though there are benefits of student loan consolidation, there are also drawbacks. Here are a few considerations to be aware of before consolidating student loans.

You Can’t Lower Interest Rates on Federal Student Loans When Consolidating

If you choose the Direct Consolidation Loan, generally you won’t see any savings. Because your new interest rate is a weighted average of your current loans rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percentage point, you will probably pay around the same amount you would have paid if you didn’t consolidate. You are, however, condensing multiple monthly payments into one more manageable payment.

If you extend your term, you may see your monthly payment decrease, but your total interest payments will increase.

On the other hand, if borrowers choose to refinance with a private lender, they could end up reducing their interest, thus saving money over the term of the loan. They could also opt to lower monthly payments by extending their term. But as mentioned above, this increases the total amount of interest paid.

Possible Disqualification from Federal Repayment Programs

Refinancing federal student loans with a private lender disqualifies you from federal repayment programs, including the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program (PSLF) and income-driven repayment plans.

Borrowers will also be disqualified from federal benefits such as forbearance and deferment options, which allow qualifying borrowers to pause payments in the event of financial hardship.

Some private lenders have hardship programs in place, but policies are determined by individual lenders.

Fees May Be Charged With Private Lenders

While there is no application fee for the federal Direct Consolidation Loan, private lenders may charge a fee to refinance loans. Fees associated with refinancing student loans are determined by the lender.

Refinancing vs Consolidating

Consolidating or refinancing student loans are terms that are thrown around interchangeably, but they are actually two different types of loans. A federal student loan consolidation is when you combine federal loans only through a Direct Consolidation Loan. This is done by the U.S. Department of Education only. A student loan refinance, on the other hand, allows you to combine both federal and private loans into one new loan and is done by a private lender. Below are some differences and similarities between refinancing vs. consolidating student loans.

Student Loan Refinancing vs Consolidating
Refinance	Consolidation
Combines multiple loans into one	Combines multiple loans into one
Can refinance federal and private loans	Can consolidate federal loans only
Private refinance lenders may charge a fee	No fees charged
Credit check required	No credit check
Interest rate could be lowered	Interest rate is a weighted average of prior loan rates, rounded up to nearest one-eighth of a percent
Term can be lengthened or shortened	Term can be lengthened or shortened
Can no longer qualify for federal forgiveness or repayment programs	Remain eligible for federal forgiveness and repayment programs
Saves money if interest rate is lowered	Typically not a money-saving option

Refinancing Student Loans With SoFi

Understanding student loan consolidation and refinance options can help in making an informed decision about repaying student loans.

Borrowers interested in refinancing student loans might want to consider evaluating a few options, because requirements — as well as interest rates and loan terms — can vary from lender to lender.

Refinancing student loans with SoFi comes with no origination fees or prepayment penalties. SoFi offers competitive rates, flexible terms, and an easy online application that can be completed in just a few minutes.

Prequalify for a refinance loan today.

FAQ

Can your student loans still be forgiven if you consolidate them?

Possibly. If you consolidate your federal student loans with a Direct Loan Consolidation, you are still eligible for federal loan forgiveness programs. If, however, you choose to consolidate your loans through a private lender, you will no longer be eligible for federal programs.

When is consolidating student loans worth it?

Consolidating student loans is worth it if you’re looking to combine multiple student loan payments into one or you’re looking to lower your interest rate. You can use a Direct Consolidation Loan for your federal loans and keep access to federal benefits, or you can refinance through a private lender. Refinancing through a private lender could give you a lower interest rate and lower monthly payment, but you do lose access to federal forgiveness programs.

What are some advantages of consolidating student loans?

Advantages to consolidating student loans include combining multiple loans into one loan with one monthly payment, possibly accessing a lower interest rate, switching your rate from variable to fixed, and possibly extending your loan term to reduce your monthly payment.

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SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are looking to refinance federal student loans, please be aware that the White House has announced up to $20,000 of student loan forgiveness for Pell Grant recipients and $10,000 for qualifying borrowers whose student loans are federally held. Additionally, the federal student loan payment pause and interest holiday has been extended beyond December 31, 2022. Please carefully consider these changes before refinancing federally held loans with SoFi, since the amount or portion of your federal student debt that you refinance will no longer qualify for the federal loan payment suspension, interest waiver, or any other current or future benefits applicable to federal loans. If you qualify for federal student loan forgiveness and still wish to refinance, leave unrefinanced the amount you expect to be forgiven to receive your federal benefit.

CLICK HERE for more information.

Notice: SoFi refinance loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers such as Income-Driven Repayment plans, including Income-Contingent Repayment or PAYE. SoFi always recommends that you consult a qualified financial advisor to discuss what is best for your unique situation.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .
Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.
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One of the biggest student loan myths out there is that borrowers can’t consolidate federal student loans and private student loans into one refinance loan. It’s understandable why people think that, since this wasn’t an option for many years.

But now that the choice is available, it’s important to understand whether federal student loan consolidation or private student loan refinancing is right for you — especially if there’s the potential for significant cost savings on the line.

Can I Consolidate Federal and Private Student Loans?

While it’s not possible to use the federal Direct Loan consolidation program to combine your federal student loans with private loans, it is possible to combine private and federal student loans by refinancing them with a private lender.

Through this process, you actually apply for a new loan (which is used to pay off your original loans) and you’re given a new — ideally lower — interest rate.

Why would you want to do this? In addition to the advantages of loan consolidation (like having one, simplified monthly payment), refinancing student loans at a lower interest rate can mean big benefits, like lowering monthly payments, potentially reducing the time it takes to pay off your debt, and cutting down on the total interest you pay over time.

Before you refinance federal student loans, there are a couple of things to think about. Here’s an easy decision tree to help you understand whether refinancing federal loans is right for you:

Federal Student Loan Interest Rates

Some people assume that federal loans always offer the best rates, but this just isn’t necessarily true.

Depending on loan type and disbursement date, new federal student loan interest rates are reassessed annually, every July. For the 2022-2023 school year, interest rates on new federal student loans range from 4.99% to 7.54% . Interest rates on federal student loans are determined by Congress and are fixed for the life of the loan.

Some borrowers — particularly those with established credit and a strong, stable income or who can find a co-signer with similar qualities — may be able to qualify for a private student loan with a rate lower than a federal loan. For example, grad school borrowers who have higher-interest-rate unsubsidized federal Direct Loans and borrowers with federal Direct PLUS loans may also be able to qualify for a private loan with a lower interest rate than those federal loans. Undergraduates are likely to find lower rates with federal student loans — without a cosigner or credit check.

When you apply to refinance, private lenders evaluate things like your credit history and credit score, in addition to other personal financial factors, in order to determine the interest rate and terms you may qualify for.

This means if you’ve been able to build credit during your time as a student, or your income has significantly improved, you may be able to qualify for a more competitive interest rate with a private lender when you refinance. (If you aren’t interested in or don’t qualify for student loan refinancing, a Direct Consolidation Loan from the Department of Education might be worth a look — but you can’t combine federal and private loans into a Direct Consolidation Loan.)

To get an idea of how much refinancing could potentially reduce the cost of interest on your loans, take a look at SoFi’s student loan refinancing calculator.

Federal Student Loan Benefits

When you refinance a federal student loan with a private lender, it becomes a private student loan. This means that the loan will no longer be eligible for federal benefits and protections.

This is often the reason why it may not make sense to refinance federal loans. Before you contemplate the idea of refinancing, consider taking a look at your loans to see if any of these federal benefits apply to you — or whether you might want to take advantage of them in the future. Here are some to consider:

Student Loan Forgiveness

There are a few forgiveness programs available for borrowers with federal student loans. For example, under the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program (PSLF), your Direct Loan balance may be eligible for forgiveness after 120 qualifying, on-time payments if you’ve worked for an eligible public sector entity that entire time.

Pursuing PSLF can require close attention to detail to ensure your loan payments and employer qualify for the program. The qualification requirements are clearly stated on the PSLF section of the Federal Student Aid website .

Similarly, the Teacher Loan Forgiveness Program is available for teachers who work in eligible schools that serve low-income families full time for five consecutive years. The total amount forgiven will depend on factors like the eligible borrower’s role and the subject they teach. The Federal Student Aid website has all the details of this program.

These forgiveness programs can be beneficial for people who choose careers in public service or education.

Income-Driven Repayment Plans

There are also a number of federal loan repayment plans that can ease the burden for eligible borrowers who have low incomes or feel their loan payments are higher than they can afford.

For example, the government’s Pay As You Earn (PAYE) and Income-Based Repayment (IBR) programs allow borrowers to make reduced monthly payments based on income and family size.

Under these student loan repayment plans and the other income-driven repayment options, monthly payments are calculated based on a certain percentage of the borrower’s discretionary income. But if your income is over a certain threshold, you likely won’t benefit from these programs.

And if you do qualify, but you’re at the high end of the spectrum, your slightly lowered payments may come at a disproportionate price in the form of accumulating interest. Since the life of the loan is extended under these repayment plans, it can mean that borrowers will pay more in interest over the life of the loan.

At the end of the repayment period, the remaining balance on the loan is eligible to be forgiven under many income-driven repayment plans. But unless the borrower qualifies for a program like PSLF, the amount forgiven will be taxed as income. There’s a lot of information to be aware of when considering an income-driven repayment plan.

Deferment or Forbearance

Life can be unpredictable — sometimes that means borrowers might have difficulty making payments on their student loans. When this happens, borrowers with federal student loans may qualify for deferment or forbearance.

Both options allow borrowers to temporarily pause payments on their federal student loans in the event of economic hardship.

The biggest difference between the two is that with forbearance, the borrower is responsible for paying the interest that accrues on the loan during this time. Forbearance can have a major financial impact on a borrower, as any unpaid interest will be added to the original loan balance. With deferment, the borrower may or may not be responsible for paying the interest that accrues.

The type of loan you hold will determine whether or not you qualify for deferment or forbearance. Both options can be potentially helpful tools to borrowers going through a short period of financial difficulty, but both have important considerations .

Refinancing Your Student Loans

Combining federal student loans and private loans through the refinancing process won’t make sense for every person, but it can provide great benefits for some.

Now that you know it’s an option and understand how it works, you’re hopefully in a better position to assess whether it’s the right option for you.

While refinancing your federal student loans will eliminate you from federal protections and benefits, it’s worth noting that some private lenders offer their own benefits and protections. At SoFi, for example, if you lose your job through no fault of your own, you may qualify to pause your payments. And SoFi can even help you find a new job through our career services program for members.

If you’re interested in refinancing your student loans, you might want to consider evaluating a few different options, since requirements — as well as interest rates and loan terms — can vary from lender to lender.

In addition to unemployment protection for qualifying members, when you refinance your student loans with SoFi there are no origination fees or prepayment penalties.

The application process can be completed easily online and you’ll have access to customer service seven days a week. You can find out if you prequalify, and at what rates, in just a few minutes.

Learn more about refinancing your student loans with SoFi.

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SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are looking to refinance federal student loans, please be aware that the White House has announced up to $20,000 of student loan forgiveness for Pell Grant recipients and $10,000 for qualifying borrowers whose student loans are federally held. Additionally, the federal student loan payment pause and interest holiday has been extended beyond December 31, 2022. Please carefully consider these changes before refinancing federally held loans with SoFi, since the amount or portion of your federal student debt that you refinance will no longer qualify for the federal loan payment suspension, interest waiver, or any other current or future benefits applicable to federal loans. If you qualify for federal student loan forgiveness and still wish to refinance, leave unrefinanced the amount you expect to be forgiven to receive your federal benefit.

CLICK HERE for more information.

Notice: SoFi refinance loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers such as Income-Driven Repayment plans, including Income-Contingent Repayment or PAYE. SoFi always recommends that you consult a qualified financial advisor to discuss what is best for your unique situation.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.
$500 Student Loan Refinancing Bonus Offer: Terms and conditions apply. Offer is subject to lender approval, and not available to residents of Ohio. The offer is only open to new Student Loan Refinance borrowers. To receive the offer you must: (1) register and apply through the unique link provided by 11:59pm ET 11/30/2021; (2) complete and fund a student loan refinance application with SoFi before 11/14/2021; (3) have or apply for a SoFi Money account within 60 days of starting your Student Loan Refinance application to receive the bonus; and (4) meet SoFi’s underwriting criteria. Once conditions are met and the loan has been disbursed, your welcome bonus will be deposited into your SoFi Money account within 30 calendar days. If you do not qualify for the SoFi Money account, SoFi will offer other payment options. Bonuses that are not redeemed within 180 calendar days of the date they were made available to the recipient may be subject to forfeit. Bonus amounts of $600 or greater in a single calendar year may be reported to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as miscellaneous income to the recipient on Form 1099-MISC in the year received as required by applicable law. Recipient is responsible for any applicable federal, state, or local taxes associated with receiving the bonus offer; consult your tax advisor to determine applicable tax consequences. SoFi reserves the right to change or terminate the offer at any time with or without notice.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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It didn’t take long after President Biden announced his student loan forgiveness program in August 2022 for the scammers to get up and running. The Better Business Bureau (BBB) and federal agencies have unearthed hundreds of ads, text messages, phone calls, and emails targeting student loan borrowers. Their purpose? To get consumers to divulge private financial information or to pay for unnecessary services. In response, the U.S. Department of Education issued warnings about the student loan forgiveness scams and advice on how to avoid them .

The ongoing student loan payment pause hasn’t slowed the scammers down. Keep reading to learn how student loan forgiveness program scams try to fool you, and how you can avoid getting duped.

Status of Biden’s Student Loan Forgiveness Plan

The student loan forgiveness plan would cancel up to $10,000 in federal student loan debt for single borrowers with an adjusted gross income of less than $125,000 a year, or less than $250,000 for married couples. Pell Grant recipients could have as much as $20,000 in student debt canceled. To refresh your memory, check out this story on the student debt relief plan.

The DOE officially began to accept applications for forgiveness on Oct. 17, 2022, but had to stop in November due to legal challenges to Biden’s program.

Meanwhile, the pause on federal student loan payments for all borrowers has been extended several times. Repayment could potentially resume as late as 60 days after June 30, 2023, when the U.S. Supreme Court is expected to release its decision on the challenges to President Biden’s student debt cancellation program.

While borrowers wait for updates, scammers are actively using phony government websites, false promises, and other criminal schemes to lure unsuspecting consumers. Here’s what you need to know to avoid student loan forgiveness scams.

Recommended: What Biden’s Student Loan Forgiveness Means for Your Taxes

Types of Student Loan Forgiveness Scams

Watchdogs have identified a variety of scams related to student loan forgiveness. Some are aimed at borrowers searching out information on the internet, and others directly target people who hold student loans. Fortunately, certain patterns are coming into focus. Here’s a rundown of what officials have seen so far.

Recommended: How Do Student Loans Work? Guide to Student Loans

False Deadline Warnings

These scams include texts, calls, and emails sent to borrowers conveying a false sense of urgency that they must take action before a certain date or miss out on forgiveness. In reality, the messages are designed to scare you into disclosing personal financial information, which criminals may then use for identity theft and other financial fraud. Be very wary of any “student loan forgiveness center” calls.

On Oct. 17, the DOE opened the official forgiveness application portal . The deadline for applications is the end of 2023, but you’ll want to apply a lot sooner if your payments will be resuming in January.

What’s more, for many borrowers who already have income information on file with the DOE, forgiveness will be automatic. No application — and no deadline — is necessary.

Fake Email Alerts

Especially while borrowers were waiting on an email from the DOE informing them that the forgiveness application was open, scammers are sending fraudulent emails that look as if they might be from the government in an effort to collect personal financial information. This and other fraudulent strategies are expected to continue.

To make sure you’re responding to a legitimate email, always check the address of the sender. The full address isn’t always obvious on a phone or other mobile device: That interface often shows only the name of the sender. Always click on the sender’s name to see the actual address.

The address is likely to be the real thing if it has a .gov ending, something not easy for fraudsters to imitate.

You can sign up for student loan forgiveness notifications and updates from this DOE webpage .

Help With the Student Loan Forgiveness Application

There are lots of offers on the internet and elsewhere to help borrowers claim their loan forgiveness — for a fee. While not all of the companies offering these services are illegitimate, the DOE has warned that it won’t be necessary to pay for help. They promise the application will be simple and quick to complete.

Predatory companies love to use webinars and videos explaining the details of the loan forgiveness program. The ending is always the same: a plea to sign up for their paid service, with the promise they’ll get you your debt relief. They may claim they can get you additional benefits, get your benefits faster, or get you to state tax breaks if you pay them upfront. In some cases, the outlaws charge hundreds of dollars for unnecessary service.

A real government agency will never ask for an advance processing fee. And legitimate student loan servicers will never charge a fee for providing information about your loans. You can check if a company works with the DOE at the Federal Student Aid site on avoiding scams .

Recommended: 9 Smart Ways to Pay Off Student Loans

What You Can Do to Avoid Scammers

To protect yourself from student loan forgiveness program scams, familiarize yourself with the following tips. They can help you avoid the threat of costly identity theft or financial fraud that can result from these schemes.

Never give out your FSA ID, student aid account information, or password. The DOE and the company that services your federal student loans will never call or email asking you for this information. Along the same lines, never give your personal or financial information — including your Social Security number and bank account information — over the phone or email. (That said, the beta version of the forgiveness application asks for your Social Security number but not your FSA ID.)

Avoid upfront fees. Think twice before paying anyone for help filling out the application. It is highly likely you won’t need help because the government is promising a free and easy-to-use application. Paying a fee before the application is even available is totally unnecessary.

Stay up-to-date. Having the most accurate and current student loan forgiveness information is the best defense against fraud. As mentioned above, sign up with the DOE for notifications and updates. And keep an eye on the Better Business Bureau and Federal Student Aid websites for the latest official information.

Update your contact information. To receive official notices related to student debt relief, make sure the government and your loan servicer have your most current contact information. If your income information is already on file at the DOE, qualifying borrowers will automatically receive loan forgiveness without having to apply. All borrowers, whether or not they have to apply, will be notified by the DOE when the application goes live.

To make sure you get these notices and other updates, sign up with StudentAid.gov to receive text alerts. If you don’t have a StudentAid.gov account, create one now .

You’ll also want to make sure your student loan servicer has your most recent contact information. You can find your federal student loan servicer’s contact information at Studentaid.gov/manage-loans/repayment/servicers

The Takeaway

Understanding how student loan forgiveness scammers work is an important step toward protecting yourself. Staying up to date on the latest official news and announcements can also help you bypass the onslaught of scams out there. Another important defense: Actively manage your student loan accounts and make sure all of your information is accurate and up to date.

SoFi can help. If you have more federal student debt than the new debt relief plan will forgive, or you don’t qualify for loan forgiveness, or you have private student loans, you may want to consider refinancing your debt before rates rise further.

If you do qualify for forgiveness and you refinance your entire federal student debt, you will no longer qualify for the new program. If you still wish to refinance, leave up to $10,000 unrefinanced ($20,000 for Pell Grant recipients) to receive your federal benefit. Remember: Good information is your best weapon when it comes to managing all aspects of student debt.

Save thousands of dollars thanks to flexible terms and low fixed or variable rates.

FAQ

What are common types of student loan forgiveness scams?

Look out for false email alerts claiming to be from the government and phony government websites. These schemes attempt to get you to divulge personal financial information, which can then be used for identity theft and other financial fraud. Other scammers are offering unnecessary forgiveness application help for a costly upfront fee.

How can I avoid falling victim to a student loan forgiveness scam?

Information is your best defense. Sign up for government alerts and notifications, and keep an eye on advice from official outlets. Also, make sure your contact information is current with both the government and your loan servicer.

Does everyone eligible to receive student loan forgiveness need to fill out an application?

No. If your income information is already on file with the Department of Education, you will not need to apply for student loan forgiveness. You’ll receive it automatically.

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Photo credit: iStock/Pekic

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are looking to refinance federal student loans, please be aware that the White House has announced up to $20,000 of student loan forgiveness for Pell Grant recipients and $10,000 for qualifying borrowers whose student loans are federally held. Additionally, the federal student loan payment pause and interest holiday has been extended beyond December 31, 2022. Please carefully consider these changes before refinancing federally held loans with SoFi, since the amount or portion of your federal student debt that you refinance will no longer qualify for the federal loan payment suspension, interest waiver, or any other current or future benefits applicable to federal loans. If you qualify for federal student loan forgiveness and still wish to refinance, leave unrefinanced the amount you expect to be forgiven to receive your federal benefit.

CLICK HERE for more information.

Notice: SoFi refinance loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers such as Income-Driven Repayment plans, including Income-Contingent Repayment or PAYE. SoFi always recommends that you consult a qualified financial advisor to discuss what is best for your unique situation.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
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The reality is that, much like that red wine stain on the rug, Sallie Mae student loans aren’t likely to evaporate into thin air. That’s because Sallie Mae is a private lender now.

And despite what you may have heard, there is currently no such thing as private student loan forgiveness.

Forgiveness is limited to federal education loans, and even then, the options are few. There are federal student loan forgiveness programs for those who go into public service or teaching. But other than that, it’s extremely difficult to cancel student loans.

Table of Contents

•   Can Older Sallie Mae Loans Be Forgiven?

•   What If You Don’t Qualify for Loan Forgiveness?

•   Are There Alternatives to Private Student Loan Forgiveness?

•   Can You Refinance Sallie Mae Student Loans?

Can Older Sallie Mae Loans Be Forgiven?

If you’re confused about whether your Sallie Mae loans are private or federal, it may be because the company has evolved over the years.

Though Sallie Mae, aka the SLM Corp., no longer services federal loans, that wasn’t always the case.

Sallie Mae was created in 1972 as the Student Loan Marketing Association, a government-sponsored enterprise that serviced federal education loans. Even though it became fully privatized in 2005, the company continued to service federal loans made under the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program until that program ended in 2010. Then, in 2014, Sallie Mae split into two companies: SLM Corp. and Navient Corp and shifted all its federal student loans to Navient.

So, if you have an older loan — one that originated before 2014 — it may have been a federal loan that started out with Sallie Mae and then moved on to Navient. And if that’s the case, you may be able to apply for Sallie Mae loan forgiveness.

Applying can be complicated, and you may have to consolidate your loans into a Federal Direct Consolidation Loan as part of the process.

You can see if your old debt is a federal education loan by visiting the Federal Student Aid website. If it is, and you want to seek loan forgiveness, you’ll eventually make your application to the government.

Keep in mind that Navient shifted federal student loan accounts to Aidvantage, a division of Maximus Federal Services, after Navient cut ties with the Department of Education in late 2021.

You can contact your current loan servicer for information on how to get started.

Recommended: How Do Student Loans Work? Guide to Student Loans

What If You Don’t Qualify for Loan Forgiveness?

If federal student loan forgiveness seems a long shot for you, don’t despair — you also may want to look into deferment or forbearance. These strategies allow qualifying borrowers to temporarily reduce or stop their federal student loan payments. However, depending on the type of federal loan you have, interest may continue to accrue while payments are paused, which could increase the overall cost of the loan.

Looking for a more long-term solution? An income-based repayment plan can offer qualified applicants another way to lower federal student loan payments. The four options limit how much money you put towards student loans each month based on family size and discretionary income (the difference between your annual income and 150% of the poverty guideline for your family size and state of residence).

You can contact your loan servicer for assistance with federal loan repayment. If you don’t know who your servicer is, you can find out by visiting your Federal Student Aid dashboard or calling 800-433-3243.

Are There Alternatives to Private Student Loan Forgiveness?

Although there currently is no such thing as Sallie Mae private student loan forgiveness, there are alternatives available to borrowers struggling to manage their private loans.

Private lenders don’t offer income-driven repayment plans. But if you feel comfortable calling Sallie Mae (or any lender) directly, you could ask about other repayment plans they might offer or what ideas they might have for your situation. At the very least, it doesn’t hurt to learn more about your loans.

And some lenders, including Sallie Mae, offer deferment and forbearance for those who qualify.

The timeline and cost for each of these programs may vary by lender. Sallie Mae, for example, may require a “good faith payment” to go into forbearance, and you can press pause on payments for only three months at a time, for a maximum of a year.

Something else to consider if you’re thinking about deferment or forbearance is that — just as with federal loans — even though the payments are paused, interest may continue to accrue. And this can increase the total cost of the loan.

Recommended: Private Student Loans Guide

Can You Refinance Sallie Mae Student Loans?

If you can’t make any headway with your current repayment plan, you can always look into refinancing student loans.

Though there are advantages to refinancing student loans, there are potential drawbacks to consider. For instance, if you refinance your federal loans through a private lender, you may give up some important benefits, such as access to the payment pause and federal repayment programs.

Sallie Mae doesn’t offer student loan consolidation and refinancing anymore, but you could potentially reduce your interest rate by refinancing your student loans with a different private lender, especially if you have a good credit history and strong potential earnings.

If you’re approved, the new lender will pay off your old loans and issue you one new student loan — hopefully with a lower interest rate. A lower rate can save money on interest payments over the life of the loan, provided that the loan term isn’t extended.

Though you can’t combine federal and private student loans through a federal loan consolidation program, some private lenders will refinance both.

You could extend your loan term if you’re hoping to make your monthly payments more manageable, or you could opt for a shorter loan term to try to get out of debt sooner.

Recommended: Student Loan Consolidation Rates: What to Expect

The Takeaway

Lender Sallie Mae used to offer federal student loans, and if you received one, you may be able to qualify for loan forgiveness. But federal student loan forgiveness can be hard to get — and if you have a private student loan through Sallie Mae, forgiveness is not available. There are, however, repayment options, including refinancing your student loans.

It might be beneficial to look for a refinancing lender that offers extras. SoFi members, for instance, can qualify for rate discounts and have access to career services, financial advisors, networking events, and more — at no extra cost.

Refi with SoFi today to get flexible terms and a competitive low rate before interest rates rise even higher!

FAQ

Does Sallie Mae service federal loans?

Sallie Mae only services private student loans, though that wasn’t always the case. If you have a loan that originated before 2014, it may have been a federal loan that started out with Sallie Mae and then moved to Navient. In early 2022, Navient shifted all of its federal student loans to a new servicer, Aidvantage.

How do I know whether my student loan is private or federal?

You can visit the Federal Student Aid website; information about your federal loans will be listed in your dashboard.

What student loans are not eligible for forgiveness?

Private student loans are not eligible for forgiveness.

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SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are looking to refinance federal student loans, please be aware that the White House has announced up to $20,000 of student loan forgiveness for Pell Grant recipients and $10,000 for qualifying borrowers whose student loans are federally held. Additionally, the federal student loan payment pause and interest holiday has been extended beyond December 31, 2022. Please carefully consider these changes before refinancing federally held loans with SoFi, since the amount or portion of your federal student debt that you refinance will no longer qualify for the federal loan payment suspension, interest waiver, or any other current or future benefits applicable to federal loans. If you qualify for federal student loan forgiveness and still wish to refinance, leave unrefinanced the amount you expect to be forgiven to receive your federal benefit.

CLICK HERE for more information.

Notice: SoFi refinance loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers such as Income-Driven Repayment plans, including Income-Contingent Repayment or PAYE. SoFi always recommends that you consult a qualified financial advisor to discuss what is best for your unique situation.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.
Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
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In dental school you’re taught the skills you need to become a successful dentist. What they don’t tell you is how to effectively handle your dental school debt. A typical dental school graduate enters the profession with a student loan burden topping $293,900, according to the Education Data Initiative.

That’s $90,000 more than the average medical school debt. Right when dentists are ready to hit the accelerator on their careers, the reality of repayment presents a sizable speed bump.

The good news is, you’ve picked the right profession when it comes to ROEd, or the “return on education” you should reap down the road. The average base salary for general dentists is $217,620, and more than $355,570 for specialists who provide implant services, per a 2021 survey by DentalPost and Endeavor Media.

Ways to Pay Off Dental School

At this stage of the game, it’s important to have a plan for paying down your debt as efficiently as possible. Getting your finances in order early is especially critical if you anticipate borrowing more money down the road to open your own practice or buy a home.

Below, we explain the various student loan payment options available and how to know which one makes the most sense for you.

Choose a Repayment Plan

Federal student loan borrowers have four repayment plans to consider. They all set your monthly loan payment at an amount deemed affordable based on your income and family size. You can change your plan anytime without incurring fees.

•   Standard Repayment Plan. Spreads payments evenly over 10 years. Under this plan, if you have a loan balance of $250,000 at 7.54%, your monthly payment will be about $2,900. This is the default plan if no other plan is chosen.

•   Graduated Repayment Plan. With this plan, payments start lower and then gradually increase over time, usually every two years. Repayment takes place over 10 years.

•   Extended Repayment Plan. Choose either fixed or graduated payments. Repayment takes place over 25 years.

•   Income-Driven Repayment Plans. There are four types of income-driven repayment plans that tie a borrower’s income to their loan payments. Repayment takes place over 20 or 25 years. At the end of the repayment period, the remaining balance is forgiven (though this amount may be taxable).

Thanks to their higher income, dental professionals often pay off their loans before the end of the repayment period, making the forgiveness benefit irrelevant. Also, you may not be eligible for forgiveness programs if your income is over a certain threshold. (Still, we’ll get into forgiveness programs a bit more in the next section.)

Keep in mind that the longer your repayment term, the more interest you pay over the life of that loan. The shorter your term, the less you’ll pay in interest, but the higher your monthly payment will be.

A student loan payoff calculator will give you an idea of your monthly payment for different repayment terms.

Recommended: How To Get Out of Student Loan Debt

Loan Forgiveness

The Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program is an option if you start your career at an eligible nonprofit or public service agency. Work for a local, state, tribal, or federal government organization or for a nonprofit organization, and you may be eligible for federal Direct Loan forgiveness after 10 years in an income-based plan. Serving as a full-time AmeriCorps or Peace Corps volunteer also counts.

Examples of qualifying government employers are the U.S. military, public colleges, and public child and family service agencies, but not government contractors.

There are also a number of federal and state loan-repayment assistance programs that reward dentists for providing service to certain segments of the population. The Indian Health Service Loan Repayment Program, for example, offers dentists who serve American Indian communities up to $20,000 per year toward the repayment of school loans.

Student loans from private lenders do not qualify for PSLF.

Student Loan Consolidation

Federal student loan consolidation lets you combine multiple federal student loans into a single new loan with a fixed rate. Your new rate is the weighted average of the old student loans’ interest rates rounded up to the nearest eighth of a percentage point. That means the rate might actually be slightly higher than the prior rate on some of the loans.

If your monthly payment decreases, it’s likely the result of lengthening the term (up to 30 years), which can mean paying more interest over time.

By the way, you can’t include private student loans in this type of a consolidation loan.

Student Loan Refinancing

For many dental school grads, consolidating multiple student loans into a single loan with a private lender, and then refinancing the balance at a lower interest rate, makes sense. Student loan refinancing makes it easier to manage your finances: You’ll get one bill each month from a single lender, instead of several bills for varying amounts that are based on different rates.

Depending on how you structure your loan, a lower interest rate might allow you to pay back your debt faster. That can save you a substantial amount of money over the life of the loan.

You can also choose a term that lowers your monthly payments, leaving more money in your pocket to be used for other things: building an emergency fund, starting a family, and investing for retirement.

Tips for Thriving as a New Dentist

Here are some ways you can set yourself up for success from the very start of your career.

•   Create a budget you can stick to. Leave room for annual and quarterly expenses as well as incidentals.

•   Start a savings plan. The sooner you start saving and investing, the sooner you can enjoy compound growth, which is when your money grows faster over time.

•   Set up automatic payments for student loans. This helps you make payments on time, plus many loan service providers offer a discount if you arrange to autopay.

•   Look into different ways to invest. In addition to maxing out your 401(k) or 403(b), you may also want to consider vehicles such as a health savings account or individual retirement account.

•   Get familiar with your employee benefits package. Find out what perks your employer offers, such as help with student loan repayment.

Recommended: Budgeting as a New Dentist

The Takeaway

Though a typical dental school student owes nearly $294,000 by the time they graduate, there are several student loan payment options that can help borrowers pay down debt more efficiently. All four federal student repayment options, for example, set your monthly payments based on your income and family size. And depending on your employer, you may also qualify for a forgiveness program.

Have multiple loans? Federal student loan consolidation lets you combine them into one new loan with new terms and a new interest rate. Student loan refinancing, which lets you consolidate multiple student loans into a single loan with a private lender, is another option to consider.

It might be beneficial to look for a refinancing lender that offers extras. SoFi members, for example, can qualify for rate discounts and have access to career services, financial advisors, networking events, and more—at no extra cost.

Refi with SoFi today to get flexible terms and a competitive low rate before interest rates rise even higher!

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^†Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.
IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO REFINANCE FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS, PLEASE BE AWARE THAT THE WHITE HOUSE HAS ANNOUNCED UP TO $20,000 OF STUDENT LOAN FORGIVENESS FOR PELL GRANT RECIPIENTS AND $10,000 FOR QUALIFYING BORROWERS WHOSE STUDENT LOANS ARE FEDERALLY HELD. ADDITIONALLY, THE FEDERAL STUDENT LOAN PAYMENT PAUSE AND INTEREST HOLIDAY HAS BEEN EXTENDED TO DEC. 31, 2022. PLEASE CAREFULLY CONSIDER THESE CHANGES BEFORE REFINANCING FEDERALLY HELD LOANS WITH SOFI, SINCE THE AMOUNT OR PORTION OF YOUR FEDERAL STUDENT DEBT THAT YOU REFINANCE WILL NO LONGER QUALIFY FOR THE FEDERAL LOAN PAYMENT SUSPENSION, INTEREST WAIVER, OR ANY OTHER CURRENT OR FUTURE BENEFITS APPLICABLE TO FEDERAL LOANS. CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
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