What Are Student Loans for Military Dependents?

What Are Student Loans for Military Dependents?

Military members, veterans, and their families have special opportunities when it comes to funding higher education. Given the high cost of attending college, they’re well worth checking into.

Find out about student loans for military dependents: children, spouses, and sometimes other relatives of active duty service members.

What Are Student Loans?

First things first: What are student loans, and how do student loans work?

Student loans are a type of financial product wherein a bank or other lender gives a student up-front money with which to pay for college and other educational expenses. Student loans can be used to cover tuition, textbooks, and even living expenses such as housing. Student loans are available through the government as well as through private lenders, and can be taken out by parents or students themselves.

Student loans, like all forms of debt, come at a cost: Interest accrues from the time the first loan check is disbursed. In the case of Direct Subsidized loans, the U.S. government covers the interest so long as the student is enrolled at least half-time and for the first six months after the student stops attending.

Although student loan interest rates tend to be lower than, say, credit card interest rates, the charges can still rack up over time. This is part of the reason Americans are saddled with a whopping $1.76 trillion in student loan debt.

Recommended: Using Student Loans for Living Expenses and Housing

Who Is a Military Dependent?

Military dependents are relatives of an active-duty service member, or sometimes a veteran, who can qualify for benefits based on their family member’s service.

Some family members, such as military spouses and children under the age of 21, automatically qualify as dependents. Other family members, such as parents and adult children, may also qualify if they meet certain criteria. Military dependents may receive death benefits, low-cost housing, and other discounts due to their status.


💡 Quick Tip: Make no payments on SoFi private student loans for six months after graduation.

Financial Aid Service Organizations for Military Dependents

Here are some of the financial aid options open to military members and their dependents.

Government-Sponsored Financial Aid

For most students, including military dependents, the government is the first place to turn for financial aid: Along with the opportunity to take out Subsidized Direct Loans, you may be eligible for grants and scholarships thanks to your service or your family member’s. To apply for federal aid, you’ll need to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®) annually.

For instance, if you’re under 24 and your parent or guardian died in service in Iraq or Afghanistan after 9/11, you may qualify for a federal Pell Grant or Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grant, both of which do not need to be repaid.

If you already have federal student loans, you may also be eligible for military student loan forgiveness, depending on the type of loans you have and what you or your family member’s service history looks like.

Additionally, the Army and Navy Reserve Officers’ Training Corps, or ROTC, offers no-cost scholarships at over 1,000 colleges across the United States. See the official Federal Student Aid website (StudentAid.gov) for full details.

Recommended: I Didn’t Get Enough Financial Aid: Now What?

American Legion

The American Legion offers college funding to the children of veterans who died or became disabled as part of post-9/11 service through their Legacy Scholarship program (Legion.org/Scholarships/Legacy). The scholarship awards up to $20,000 and can be renewed up to six times.

AMVETS

AMVETS teams up with corporate sponsors to offer scholarships of up to $5,000 to veterans and military spouses who are interested in pursuing skilled trades, such as carpentry, electrical engineering, and plumbing. The program, called the Generation T Scholarship (AMVETS.org/Generation-T), is offered to the spouses of deceased veterans but not their children.


💡 Quick Tip: It’s a good idea to understand the pros and cons of private student loans and federal student loans before committing to them.

Paralyzed Veterans of America

Paralyzed Veterans of America offers scholarships of up to $2,500 for full-time students and $1,000 for part-time students to its members, their spouses, and their dependent children under 24 years of age. Awardees may apply a second time, but are only eligible to receive the scholarship twice in a lifetime. (PVA.org/Find-Support/ Scholarship-Program/)

Veterans of Foreign Wars

The organization Veterans of Foreign Wars also offers student veteran support in a variety of ways, including its Sport Clips Help A Hero Scholarship, which awards qualified applicants up to $5,000 per semester (per family), as well as the Student Veteran Support Grant, which is designed to be used for events and outreach efforts that assist veterans who are currently enrolled in college. The grant can be used for up to $500 per event up to twice per fiscal year for a total of $1,000. (VFW.org/ Assistance/Student-Veterans-Support)

Recommended: Types of Federal Student Loans

Private Student Loans for Military Dependents

Finally, military dependents may also choose to look into private student loans to fund their education.

Private student loans are, as their name suggests, not backed by the government and are instead offered by private banks, credit unions, and lenders. They do come with certain advantages — for example, they generally don’t carry the same lifetime maximums as publicly funded student loans, and you may have more flexibility when it comes to your loan term and repayment schedule.

However, private student loans sometimes carry higher interest rates than federal loans do, and your credit report will be pulled in order to qualify you — which isn’t the case for loans from the government. Because private loans lack the borrower protections afforded to federal student loans, they are most often considered as a last resort option.

The Takeaway: Explore Private Student Loan Options With SoFi

As a military dependent, you have a lot of options to consider when it comes to financial aid. Be sure to look into scholarships offered by the American Legion, AMVETS, Paralyzed Veterans of America, and the VFW. Military dependents should also apply for a Pell Grant, which doesn’t need to be repaid. And federal subsidized student loans give borrowers a break on some accrued interest.

For some, private student loans offer an attractive combination of accessibility and flexibility. (Keep in mind, though, that private student loans tend not to be eligible for student loan forgiveness and other programs.)

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.


Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

Do military dependents get free college?

Not automatically, but there are programs specifically designed to help military members and their dependents pay for college.

Does the military pay spouses’ student loans?

Not directly, but military spouses may be eligible for federal student loan forgiveness if their loans are from the federal government.

Can military dependents get FAFSA?

Yes, military dependents can qualify for federal financial student aid using the FAFSA, or Free Application for Federal Student Aid. The FAFSA is a good first place to turn when looking for financial aid because it can match you with low-cost, need-based options like Direct Subsidized Loans.


Photo credit: iStock/Liudmila Chernetska

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SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.


Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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The Most Important Components of a Successful Budget

Financial gurus, your money-savvy friend, and personal finance books and articles all say the same thing: You need a budget. Why? Because without any guardrails to guide your spending decisions, you can end up overspending (and, in turn, running up debt). You may also find it difficult to reach important financial goals, such as building an emergency fund, going on vacation, or buying a home.

The main characteristics of any budget are estimates of how much money you’ll make and how much you’ll spend over a certain period of time, typically a month. Trouble is, it can be hard to predict every expense that may come up in a given month. That can make it hard to know what to include in your budget. But don’t give up — read on. What follows are eight key components of a successful and realistic budget.

The Importance of Budgeting

While a budget may sound restrictive, it’s really nothing more than a plan for how you will spend your money. Why bother making one? Here’s a look at some of the benefits of putting together a basic budget:

•   Lets you know if you’re spending more than, less than, or about the same as you’re earning each month.

•   Gives you a birds-eye view at where exactly your money is going each month.

•   Helps you avoid spending more than you have or want to spend.

•   Alerts you to subscriptions or services you’re paying for but may no longer need.

•   Ensures you stay on top of debt payments.

•   Allows you to make adjustments in your spending and saving so you can align your financial habits to reach your goals.

•   Can prevent you from going into debt should there be an unexpected, emergency expense or if you get laid off

•   Helps you feel more secures and less stressed about money

💡 Quick Tip: Want to save more, spend smarter? Let your bank manage the basics. It’s surprisingly easy, and secure, when you open an online bank account.

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Key Characteristics That Make a Budget Successful

While there are many ways you can approach managing your money, all budgeting styles share some of the same key elements. Let’s take a look at the main characteristics of a budget that can help you stay on track and boost your overall financial wellbeing.

Emergency Funds

The bedrock of any type of budget is an emergency fund. Without a cash reserve set aside specifically for unplanned expenses or financial emergencies, any bump in the road — say a car repair, trip to the ER, or a loss of income — can force you to run up credit card debt. This can lead to a debt spiral that can take months, potentially years, to recover from.

A general rule of thumb is to keep three to six months’ worth of basic living expenses in a separate savings account earmarked for emergencies. If you’re self-employed or work seasonally, however, you might want to aim for six or 12 months of expenses to feel secure and protected.

Recommended: Where to Keep Emergency Funds

Irregular Expenses

When creating a budget, you likely won’t overlook your recurring monthly expenses, such as rent, utility bills, and food. What’s easy to forget about are your one-off and irregular expenses.

To set up an accurate budget, you’ll want to be sure to jot down any annual or seasonal expenses you anticipate, such as membership dues, holiday gifts, insurance payments, car and registration fees, or kid’s camp expenses. Scanning through your monthly checking account statements for a year should help you suss out your irregular expenses.

To adequately account for these expenses, determine the annual cost, divide by 12, and build that amount into your monthly budget. You may want to transfer that money into a separate account so you can pay those expenses when they’re due.

Recommended: What Are the Average Monthly Expenses for One Person?

Repaying Debt

For a budget to be successful, you want to make sure you’re accounting for debt repayment, including minimum monthly payments and (if you’re carrying high-interest debt) additional payments. The 50/30/20 budgeting rule, for example, recommends putting 50% of your money take-home income toward needs (including minimum debt payments), 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings and debt repayment beyond the minimum.

Once you’ve paid off your balances, the money you were spending on debt/interest each month can now go towards other goals, such as a vacation, large-ticket purchase, or down payment on a house.

Recommended: See how your money is categorized using the 50/30/20 Budget Calculator.

Monthly Savings

Even if you tend to live paycheck to paycheck, a key element of a budget is putting at least something into savings each month. For example, with the “pay yourself first” approach to budgeting, you set up a recurring transfer from your checking account into your savings account on the same day each month, ideally right after you get paid.

Once you’ve fully funded your emergency saving account, you can funnel this extra money into a high-yield savings account to work towards your short-term savings goals.

And it’s fine to start small. If you save $20 a week, in a year you’ll have accumulated $1,040. If you commit to the 52-week savings challenge, where you save $1 the first week, $2 the second week, and so forth for an entire year, you’ll have stashed away $1,378 by week 52.

💡 Quick Tip: Most savings accounts only earn a fraction of a percentage in interest. Not at SoFi. Our high-yield savings account can help you make meaningful progress towards your financial goals.

Accurate Monthly Income

Without knowing exactly how much money hits your bank account each month, you won’t be able to allocate your funds accordingly and create an accurate budget. Besides your paycheck, you’ll want to factor in any other income streams, such as freelance work, government benefits, alimony, or child support.

If you’re self-employed and your income varies from month to month, determining your monthly income can be a bit trickier. One solution is to use your lowest monthly income over the past year as your baseline income (minus any taxes you will owe). This gives you a margin of safety, since you will likely make more than that.

Money for Vacations and Free Time

While it’s important to save for an emergency fund and pay off your debt, a key component of budgeting is money for fun and leisure. Without it, you likely won’t stick to your budget at all.

Think about what activities bring you the most joy and offer the most value in your life. What hobbies would you like to invest more time, energy, and resources in? Where would you like to vacation next? From there, you can set some “fun” savings goals. Consider how much you will need and when you want to reach your goal to determine how much to set aside for fun each month.

Recommended: 15 Creative Ways to Save Money

Retirement

Retirement might seem far off but failing to start saving early can put you in a tough predicament later on. Thanks to compound interest — the interest earned on your initial savings and the reinvested earnings — it’s much easier to amass a comfortable nest egg when you start early. Even if you’re still paying off your student loans, retirement is an important element of a budget that can make a huge difference in your future.

If you work for a traditional employer, you likely have a company 401(k) you are eligible to participate in. If your employer offers a company match, it’s wise to contribute at least up to match — otherwise you’re leaving free money on the table.

Realistic Goals

While many people don’t write down specific goals when creating a budget, this is actually an important element of budgeting. By setting realistic goals, such as building an emergency fund, saving for a downpayment on a car or a home, getting out of debt, or saving for retirement, you can begin to find ways to save for those goals and track your progress towards achieving them.

Having specific and realistic money goals can give you the motivation to take control of your spending. It also gives all the money that comes into your account a purpose.

Keep in mind, though, that goals and budgets are ever-evolving. When changes arise in your situation, you can tweak your goals accordingly. For instance, maybe you suffered a financial setback. In that case, you might want to put your foot off the pedal on aggressively paying off debt, and focus on replenishing your emergency fund.

Tips on Starting a Budget

If the idea of creating a budget feels overwhelming, here are some stimple steps that help jump start the process.

•   Determine your after-tax income. If you get a regular paycheck, the amount you receive is probably just that, but if you have automatic deductions, such as 401(k) contributions or health and life insurance, you’ll want to add those back in to give yourself an accurate picture of your earnings.

•   Tally your monthly expenses. You can scan your bank and credit card statements for the past three to six months to get an idea of what you typically spend each month and on what. You can then make a list of spending categories, how much (on average) you spend on each per month, and then break down those expenses into two main categories: “needs” and “wants.”

•   Make adjustments. If your average monthly income is less than your average monthly spending (meaning you are going backwards) or is about the same (meaning you aren’t saving anything), you’ll want to look for places to cut back. You likely find it easier to cut back spending in your “wants” categories, such as cooking a few more times a week (and getting take-out less often) or cutting the cord on cable and opting for cheaper streaming services.

•   Choose a budgeting plan. Once you’ve done the basics, you can take it a step further by selecting a budgeting plan. Any budget must cover all of your needs, some of your wants and — this is key — savings for emergencies and the future. The 50/30/20 budget (mentioned above) often works well for beginners. But there are many different types of budget — including the envelope system and zero-based budget. You might choose a budgeting app, such as YNAB or Goodbudget, to automate the process.

Banking With SoFi

Knowing exactly what elements go into a successful budget can help you create a spending plan that’s in step with your goals and help you do a lot more with the money you have.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall. Enjoy up to 4.60% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

How do I stick to a budget?

The best way to stick to a budget is to never spend more than you have. Running up high-interest debt can be a vicious cycle that is tough to get out of. You also end up spending a lot more on your purchases than if you have held off and saved up.

If you can’t afford something you want right now, it’s generally a good idea to put it off until you can. If you want to go on vacation or buy new furniture, for example, plan for it and save regularly so it doesn’t throw off your budget.

What is the best budgeting method?

The best budgeting method is the one you’re most likely to stick with. If you prefer to not worry so much about where you’re spending each dollar, you might prefer the 50/30/20 budget. If you like to get granular with your spending, then a zero-sum budget might be a good choice.

What are the benefits of budgeting?

Budgeting is a tool that helps ensure you’re spending your money in a way that aligns with your priorities. If you simply spend here and there without any type of plan, you can end up spending on things you don’t care all that much about, and never saving up enough for the things that you do — such as buying a car, going on vacation, or putting a downpayment on home.

Budgeting also helps ensure you can pay all your bills, have a cushion for the unexpected, and avoid running up expensive debt.


Photo credit: iStock/AndreyPopov

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.


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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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How Soon Can You Refinance Student Loans?

Typically, student loan borrowers cannot refinance their debt until they graduate or withdraw from school. At that point, federal student loans and the majority of private student loans have a grace period, so it can make sense to refinance right before the grace period ends.

Depending on your financial situation, the goal of refinancing may be to snag a lower interest rate and/or have lower monthly payments. Doing so can alleviate some of the stress you may feel when repaying your debt. In this guide, you’ll learn when you can refinance and what options are available, plus the potential benefits and downsides of each.

What Do Your Current Loans Look Like?

Before deciding whether or not to refinance your student loans, you need to know where your loans currently stand. Look at the loan servicers, loan amounts, interest rates, and terms for all loans before making a decision.

Contact Info for Most Federal Student Loans

The government assigns your loan to a loan servicer after it is paid out. To find your loan servicer, visit your account dashboard on studentaid.gov, find the “My Aid” section, and choose “View loan servicer details.” You can also call the Federal Student Aid Information Center at 800-433-3243.

Loans Not Owned by the Department of Education

Here’s how to get in touch:

•   If you have Federal Family Education Loan Program loans that are not held by the government, contact your servicer for details. Look for the most recent communication from the entity sending you bills.

•   If you have a Federal Perkins Loan that is not owned by the Education Department, contact the school where you received the loan for details. Your school may be the servicer for your loan.

•   If you have Health Education Assistance Loan Program loans and need to find your loan servicer, look for the most recent communication from the entity sending you bills.

Private Student Loans

Private student loans are not given by the government, but rather banks, credit unions, and online lenders. You’ll need to find your specific lender or servicer in order to find out your loan information.

Can You Refinance Student Loans While Still in School?

You may be able to refinance your student loans while still in school with certain lenders, but doing so may not make the most sense for your situation.

If you’re worried about interest accruing on your unsubsidized federal loans and/or private student loans while in school, you can most certainly make interest-only payments on them in order to keep the interest from capitalizing.

One important note: With federal student loans, any payments you make while still in school or during the grace period will not count as a qualifying payment toward loan forgiveness, if you plan on using that.


💡 Quick Tip: Ready to refinance your student loan? With SoFi’s no-fee loans, you could save thousands.

Which Loans Can Be Refinanced While Enrolled?

You can refinance any type of student loan while enrolled in school, assuming that the lender allows it. If you’re still in school and want to refinance, a lender will want to make sure you have a job or job offer on the table, are possibly in your last year of school, and have a solid credit profile. You could also consider refinancing your student loans with a cosigner if you do not meet the lender’s requirements on your own.

A couple of important points if you are considering refinancing federal student loans with a private lender:

•   Doing so means you will forfeit federal benefits and protections, such as forbearance and forgiveness, among others.

•   If you refinance for an extended term, you may have a lower monthly payment but pay more interest over the life of the loan. This may or may not suit your financial needs and goals, so consider your options carefully.

Which Loans Can’t Be Refinanced While Enrolled?

If you find a lender willing to refinance your student loans while still in school, they most likely won’t exclude a certain type of loan. However, it is best not to refinance federal student loans while enrolled. Federal Subsidized Loans, for example, do not start earning interest until after the grace period is over. Since you aren’t paying anything in interest, it doesn’t make sense to refinance and have to start paying interest on your loans immediately.

If you plan on using federal benefits, such as income-driven repayment plans or student loan forgiveness, refinancing student loans could be a bad idea. Refinancing gives you a new loan with a new private lender, thereby forfeiting your eligibility to federal benefits and protections, as noted above.

Is It Worth Refinancing Only Some of Your Loans?

Yes, it can be worth refinancing only some of your loans. The student loans you may want to focus on refinancing may include ones that have a variable rate (and you prefer a fixed rate), ones with a relatively high interest rate, or ones where you’ve had a less-than-ideal relationship with the servicer and are looking for a new experience.

When you might want to think twice about refinancing:

•   If you have federal loans and plan on using an income-based repayment plan, for example, it makes sense not to include those loans in the refinance.

•   If you have a low, fixed interest rate currently, you should probably keep those loans as is. The main reason to refinance is to secure a lower interest rate or a lower payment. Keep in mind, though, that by lowering your payment, you typically are extending your term. This can mean that you end up paying more in interest over the life of the loan.

Pros and Cons of Refinancing Student Loans

Pros Cons

•   Possibly lower your monthly payment

•   Possibly lower your interest rate

•   Shorten or lengthen the loan term

•   Switch from variable to fixed interest rate, or vice versa

•   Combine multiple loans into one

•   Lose access to federal benefits and protections

•   Lose access to remaining grace periods

•   May be difficult to qualify

•   May end up paying more in interest if you lengthen the term

Examples of Refinancing Before Earning a Degree

As stated above, there are some lenders that may allow you to refinance before you graduate or withdraw from school. These lenders may currently include Citizens Bank, Discover, RISLA, and Earnest.

Graduate students are also eligible to refinance their undergraduate student loans, assuming they meet the lender’s requirements or use a cosigner. Parents with Parent PLUS Loans are also typically allowed to refinance their loans prior to their child graduating. Rules will vary by lender, so make sure to do your research and choose a lender that will work with your unique situation.


💡 Quick Tip: Federal parent PLUS loans might be a good candidate for refinancing to a lower rate.

Alternatives to Refinancing

If refinancing your student loans isn’t the right option for you, there are alternatives to refinancing you can explore.

•   The main alternative is student loan consolidation, which combines your federal student loans into one loan with one monthly payment. The main difference between consolidation and refinancing is the interest rate on a federal loan consolidation is the weighted average of the rates of the loans you are consolidating, rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of a percentage.

•   You typically won’t save on interest, but you can lower your monthly payment by extending the loan term. Doing this, however, means you’ll probably pay more in interest over the life of the loan.

•   Student loan refinancing refers to paying off current loans with a new loan from a private lender, preferably with a lower rate. This rate is not the weighted average of the loans, but rather is based on current market rates, your credit profile, and your debt-to-income ratio.

•   Other alternatives to refinancing include making interest-only payments while still enrolled in school or requesting a student loan forbearance if you’re struggling to make your payments. Forbearance means you can reduce or pause payments for a designated period of time.

You’ll want to know all your student loan repayment options — and the pros and cons of consolidating or refinancing your loans, prior to making a decision.

A calculator tool for student loan refinancing can come in handy when estimating savings, both monthly and over the life of your loan.

Weighing Perks and Interest Rates

Before deciding whether refinancing is right for you, it’s important to again highlight this important point: If you refinance your federal student loans with a private lender, those loans will no longer be eligible for programs like income-driven repayment plans, federal forbearance, and Public Service Loan Forgiveness.

But if you can get a lower interest rate, refinancing may be a good fit. Most refinancing lenders offer loan terms of five to 20 years. Shortening or elongating your loan term can affect your monthly payment and the total cost over the life of your loan.

For some borrowers, lengthening the term and lowering the monthly payment will be a valuable option, even though it can mean paying more interest over the life of the loan. Only you can decide if this kind of refinancing makes sense for your personal finances.

The Takeaway

When can you refinance student loans? As soon as you establish a financial foundation or bring a solid cosigner aboard. Can you refinance your student loans while in school? Yes, however, not all lenders offer this and it may not make sense for your situation. It’s also important to understand the implications of refinancing federal student loans with a private lender. If you do not plan on using federal benefits and protections and are comfortable with the possibility of paying more interest over the loan’s term, it might be a move worth considering.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.


With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.


SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are a federal student loan borrower, you should consider all of your repayment opportunities including the opportunity to refinance your student loan debt at a lower APR or to extend your term to achieve a lower monthly payment. Please note that once you refinance federal student loans you will no longer be eligible for current or future flexible payment options available to federal loan borrowers, including but not limited to income-based repayment plans or extended repayment plans.


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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The Highest-Paying Jobs in Every State

25 Highest Paying Jobs in the US

If you’re looking for a career that makes a lot of money, you might want to start your search in the health and medical field. Healthcare jobs are the highest-paid jobs in the U.S., and overall employment in this sector is expected to grow faster than the average for all occupations over the next eight years, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

Outside of healthcare, professional athletes and corporate chief executive officers (CEOs) are among the highest-paid professions. Three other fields that also made the top 25: Airline pilots, computer/information systems managers, and financial managers.

Read on for a snapshot of the highest-paying jobs across the U.S., followed by a listing of the best-paying occupations by state.

25 Highest Paying Careers in the U.S.

To compile this list of highest-paying jobs, we reviewed data from BLS’s most recent National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates report (May 2022). We also used government data to cite the minimum education requirements, projected growth, and which industries provide employment for each occupation. For more job description details, we tapped the Occupational Information Network (O*NET).

Here’s a look of the highest-paid jobs in the U.S., ranked from highest average salary to lowest.

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1. Cardiologist

Cardiologists diagnose, treat, manage, and prevent diseases or conditions of the cardiovascular system. They may further subspecialize in interventional procedures (e.g., balloon angioplasty and stent placement), echocardiography, or electrophysiology.

Average Salary

$421,330

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Administer emergency cardiac care for life-threatening heart problems.

•   Advise patients about diet, activity, and disease prevention.

•   Calculate valve areas from blood flow velocity measurements.

•   Compare measurements of heart wall thickness and chamber sizes to standards to identify abnormalities using echocardiogram results.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Management of companies and enterprises

2. Orthopedic Surgeon

Orthopedic surgeons diagnose and perform surgery to treat and prevent rheumatic and other diseases in the musculoskeletal system.

Average Salary

$371,400

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Analyze patient’s medical history, physical condition, and examination results to verify operation’s necessity and to determine best procedure.

•   Conduct research to develop and test surgical techniques that can improve operating procedures and outcomes related to musculoskeletal injuries and diseases.

•   Direct and coordinate activities of nurses, assistants, specialists, residents, and other medical staff.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care Centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional Schools

3. Pediatric Surgeon

Pediatrics surgeons diagnose and perform surgery to treat fetal abnormalities and birth defects, diseases, and injuries in fetuses, premature and newborn infants, children, and adolescents.

Average Salary

$362,970

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Analyze patient’s medical history, physical condition, and examination results to verify operation’s necessity and to determine best procedure.

•   Conduct research to develop and test surgical techniques that can improve operating procedures and outcomes.

•   Consult with patient’s other medical care specialists to determine if surgery is necessary.

•   Describe preoperative and postoperative treatments and procedures to parents or guardians of the patient.

•   Direct and coordinate activities of nurses, assistants, specialists, residents, and other medical staff.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Little or no change

Top Industries

•   Hospitals

•   Offices of physicians

4. Athletes and Sports Competitors

Athletes and sports competitors compete in athletic events.

Average Salary

$358,080

Typical Entry-Level Education

No formal educational credential

Primary Duties

•   Participate in athletic events or competitive sports, according to established rules and regulations.

•   Assess performance following athletic competition, identifying strengths and weaknesses and making adjustments to improve future performance.

•   Attend scheduled practice or training sessions.

•   Maintain optimum physical fitness levels by training regularly, following nutrition plans, or consulting with health professionals.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Much faster than average (9% or higher)

Top Industries

•   Spectator sports

•   Other amusement and recreation industries

•   Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

5. Surgeons

Surgeons operate on patients to treat injuries, such as broken bones; diseases, such as cancerous tumors; and deformities.

Average Salary

$347,870

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

Varies with specialty

Projected growth (2022-2032)

3% (as fast as average)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

6. Radiologists

Radiologists diagnose and treat diseases and injuries using medical imaging techniques, such as x rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine, and ultrasounds. They may also perform minimally invasive medical procedures and tests.

Average Salary

$329,080

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Perform or interpret the outcomes of diagnostic imaging procedures including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computer tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), nuclear cardiology treadmill studies, mammography, or ultrasound.

•   Prepare comprehensive interpretive reports of findings.

•   Communicate examination results or diagnostic information to referring physicians, patients, or families.

•   Obtain patients’ histories from electronic records, patient interviews, dictated reports, or by communicating with referring clinicians.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Medical and diagnostic laboratories

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

7. Dermatologists

Dermatologists diagnose and treat diseases relating to the skin, hair, and nails. They may perform both medical and dermatological surgery functions.

Average Salary

$327,650

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Conduct complete skin examinations.

•   Diagnose and treat pigmented lesions, such as common acquired nevi, congenital nevi, dysplastic nevi, Spitz nevi, blue nevi, or melanoma.

•   Perform incisional biopsies to diagnose melanoma.

•   Perform skin surgery to improve appearance, make early diagnoses, or control diseases such as skin cancer.

•   Counsel patients on topics such as the need for annual dermatologic screenings, sun protection, skin cancer awareness, or skin and lymph node self-examinations.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Offices of other health practitioners

•   Medical and diagnostic laboratories

•   Personal care services

8. Emergency Medicine Physicians

Emergency medicine physicians make immediate medical decisions and act to prevent death or further disability. They provide immediate recognition, evaluation, care, stabilization, and disposition of patients. They may also direct emergency medical staff in an emergency department.

Average Salary

$316,600

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Analyze records, examination information, or test results to diagnose medical conditions.

•   Assess patients’ pain levels or sedation requirements.

•   Collect and record patient information, such as medical history or examination results, in electronic or handwritten medical records.

•   Communicate likely outcomes of medical diseases or traumatic conditions to patients or their representatives.

•   Conduct primary patient assessments that include information from prior medical care.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   General medical and surgical hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

•   Management of companies and enterprises

9. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons perform surgery and related procedures on the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial regions to treat diseases, injuries, or defects. They also diagnose problems of the oral and maxillofacial regions, and may perform surgery to improve function or appearance.

Average Salary

​​$309,410

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Administer general and local anesthetics.

•   Collaborate with other professionals, such as restorative dentists and orthodontists, to plan treatment.

•   Evaluate the position of the wisdom teeth to determine whether problems exist currently or might occur in the future.

•   Perform surgery to prepare the mouth for dental implants and to aid in the regeneration of deficient bone and gum tissues.

•   Remove impacted, damaged, and non-restorable teeth.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Faster than average (5% to 8%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of dentists

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

10. Anesthesiologist

Anesthesiologists administer anesthetics and analgesics for pain management prior to, during, or after surgery.

Average Salary

$302,970

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Examine patient, obtain medical history, and use diagnostic tests to determine risk during surgical, obstetrical, and other medical procedures.

•   Administer anesthetic or sedation during medical procedures, using local, intravenous, spinal, or caudal methods.

•   Monitor patient before, during, and after anesthesia and counteract adverse reactions or complications.

•   Record type and amount of anesthesia and patient condition throughout procedure.

•   Provide and maintain life support and airway management and help prepare patients for emergency surgery.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

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•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

•   Offices of other health practitioners

11. Obstetricians and Gynecologists

Obstetricians and gynecologists provide medical care related to pregnancy or childbirth. They diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases of women, particularly those affecting the reproductive system. They may also provide general care to women, and perform both medical and gynecological surgery functions.

Average Salary

$277,320

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Treat diseases of female organs.

•   Care for and treat women during prenatal, natal, and postnatal periods.

•   Analyze records, reports, test results, or examination information to diagnose medical condition of patient.

•   Perform cesarean sections or other surgical procedures as needed to preserve patients’ health and deliver babies safely.

•   Collect, record, and maintain patient information, such as medical histories, reports, or examination results.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

12. Ophthalmologists

Ophthalmologists diagnose and perform surgery to treat and help prevent disorders and diseases of the eye. They may also provide vision services for treatment including glasses and contacts.

Average Salary

$265,450

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Perform comprehensive examinations of the visual system to determine the nature or extent of ocular disorders.

•   Diagnose or treat injuries, disorders, or diseases of the eye and eye structures including the cornea, sclera, conjunctiva, or eyelids.

•   Provide or direct the provision of postoperative care.

•   Develop or implement plans and procedures for ophthalmologic services.

•   Prescribe or administer topical or systemic medications to treat ophthalmic conditions and to manage pain.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Offices of other health practitioners

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

13. Neurologists

Neurologists diagnose, manage, and treat disorders and diseases of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, with a primarily nonsurgical focus.

Average Salary

$255,510

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Interview patients to obtain information, such as complaints, symptoms, medical histories, and family histories.

•   Examine patients to obtain information about functional status of areas, such as vision, physical strength, coordination, reflexes, sensations, language skills, cognitive abilities, and mental status.

•   Perform or interpret the outcomes of procedures or diagnostic tests, such as lumbar punctures, electroencephalography, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity tests.

•   Order or interpret results of laboratory analyses of patients’ blood or cerebrospinal fluid.

•   Diagnose neurological conditions based on interpretation of examination findings, histories, or test results.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

14. Pathologists

Pathologists diagnose diseases and conduct lab tests using organs, body tissues, and fluids. Includes medical examiners.

Average Salary

$252,850

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Examine microscopic samples to identify diseases or other abnormalities.

•   Diagnose diseases or study medical conditions, using techniques such as gross pathology, histology, cytology, cytopathology, clinical chemistry, immunology, flow cytometry, or molecular biology.

•   Write pathology reports summarizing analyses, results, and conclusions.

•   Communicate pathologic findings to surgeons or other physicians.

•   Identify the etiology, pathogenesis, morphological change, and clinical significance of diseases.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Faster than average (5% to 8%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Medical and diagnostic laboratories

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

•   Local government, excluding schools and hospitals

•   Scientific research and development services

15. Psychiatrists

Psychiatrists diagnose, treat, and help prevent mental disorders.

Average Salary

$247,350

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Prescribe, direct, or administer psychotherapeutic treatments or medications to treat mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders.

•   Gather and maintain patient information and records, including social or medical history obtained from patients, relatives, or other professionals.

•   Design individualized care plans, using a variety of treatments.

•   Collaborate with physicians, psychologists, social workers, psychiatric nurses, or other professionals to discuss treatment plans and progress.

•   Analyze and evaluate patient data or test findings to diagnose nature or extent of mental disorder.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Faster than average (5% to 8%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   State government

16. Chief Executives

Chief executives determine and formulate policies and provide overall direction of companies or private and public sector organizations within guidelines set up by a board of directors or similar governing body. They plan, direct, or coordinate operational activities at the highest level of management with the help of subordinate executives and staff managers.

Average Salary

$246,440

Typical Entry-Level Education

Bachelor’s degree

Primary Duties

•   Direct or coordinate an organization’s financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency.

•   Confer with board members, organization officials, or staff members to discuss issues, coordinate activities, or resolve problems.

•   Direct, plan, or implement policies, objectives, or activities of organizations or businesses to ensure continuing operations, to maximize returns on investments, or to increase productivity.

•   Prepare or present reports concerning activities, expenses, budgets, government statutes or rulings, or other items affecting businesses or program services.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Decline (-2% or lower)

Top Industries

•   Local and state government

•   Management of companies and enterprises

•   Elementary and secondary schools

•   Computer systems design and related services

17. Dentists

Dentists examine, diagnose, and treat diseases, injuries, and malformations of teeth and gums. They treat diseases of nerve, pulp, and other dental tissues affecting oral hygiene and retention of teeth. They may also fit dental appliances or provide preventive care.

Average Salary

$233,430

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Examine teeth, gums, and related tissues, using dental instruments, x-rays, or other diagnostic equipment, to evaluate dental health, diagnose diseases or abnormalities, and plan appropriate treatments.

•   Administer anesthetics to limit the amount of pain experienced by patients during procedures.

•   Use dental air turbines, hand instruments, dental appliances, or surgical implements.

•   Formulate plan of treatment for patient’s teeth and mouth tissue.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of dentists

•   Federal executive branch

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

18. Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers

Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers pilot and navigate the flight of fixed-wing aircraft, usually on scheduled air carrier routes, for the transport of passengers and cargo. This job requires a Federal Air Transport certificate and rating for the specific aircraft type used.

Average Salary

$225,740

Typical Entry-Level Education

Bachelor’s degree

Primary Duties

•   Start engines, operate controls, and pilot airplanes to transport passengers, mail, or freight, adhering to flight plans, regulations, and procedures.

•   Work as part of a flight team with other crew members, especially during takeoffs and landings.

•   Respond to and report in-flight emergencies and malfunctions.

•   Inspect aircraft for defects and malfunctions, according to pre-flight checklists.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Scheduled air transportation

•   Couriers and express delivery services

•   Federal executive branch

•   Support activities for air transportation

•   Management of companies and enterprises

19. General Internal Medicine Physicians

General internal medicine physicians diagnose and provide nonsurgical treatment for a wide range of diseases and injuries of internal organ systems. They provide care mainly for adults and adolescents, and are based primarily in an outpatient care setting.

Average Salary

$225,270

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Treat internal disorders, such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, or problems of the lung, brain, kidney, or gastrointestinal tract.

•   Analyze records, reports, test results, or examination information to diagnose medical condition of patient.

•   Prescribe or administer medication, therapy, and other specialized medical care to treat or prevent illness, disease, or injury.

•   Manage and treat common health problems, such as infections, influenza or pneumonia, as well as serious, chronic, and complex illnesses, in adolescents, adults, and the elderly.

•   Provide and manage long-term, comprehensive medical care, including diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment of diseases, for adult patients in an office or hospital.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

•   Outpatient care centers

20. Family Medicine Physicians

Family medicine physicians diagnose, treat, and provide preventive care to individuals and families across the lifespan. They may refer patients to specialists when needed for further diagnosis or treatment.

Average Salary

$224,460

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Prescribe or administer treatment, therapy, medication, vaccination, and other specialized medical care to treat or prevent illness, disease, or injury.

•   Order, perform, and interpret tests and analyze records, reports, and examination information to diagnose patients’ condition.

•   Collect, record, and maintain patient information, such as medical history, reports, or examination results.

•   Monitor patients’ conditions and progress and reevaluate treatments as necessary.

•   Explain procedures and discuss test results or prescribed treatments with patients.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Average (2% to 4%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

•   State government

21. Orthodontists

Orthodontists examine, diagnose, and treat dental malocclusions and oral cavity anomalies. They design and fabricate appliances to realign teeth and jaws to produce and maintain normal function and to improve appearance.

Average Salary

$216,320

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Examine patients to assess abnormalities of jaw development, tooth position, and other dental-facial structures.

•   Study diagnostic records, such as medical or dental histories, plaster models of the teeth, photos of a patient’s face and teeth, and X-rays, to develop patient treatment plans.

•   Fit dental appliances in patients’ mouths to alter the position and relationship of teeth and jaws or to realign teeth.

•   Adjust dental appliances to produce and maintain normal function.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Faster than average (5% to 8%)

Top Industries

•   Offices of dentists

•   Hospitals

22. Nurse Anesthetists

Nurse anesthetists administer anesthesia, monitor patient’s vital signs, and oversee patient recovery from anesthesia. They assist anesthesiologists, surgeons, other physicians, or dentists. They must be registered nurses who have specialized graduate education.

Average Salary

$205,770

Typical Entry-Level Education

Master’s degree

Primary Duties

•   Manage patients’ airway or pulmonary status, using techniques such as endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, pharmacological support, respiratory therapy, and extubation.

•   Respond to emergency situations by providing airway management, administering emergency fluids or drugs, or using basic or advanced cardiac life support techniques.

•   Monitor patients’ responses, including skin color, pupil dilation, pulse, heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, ventilation, or urine output, using invasive and noninvasive techniques.

•   Select, order, or administer anesthetics, adjuvant drugs, accessory drugs, fluids or blood products as necessary.

•   Select, prepare, or use equipment, monitors, supplies, or drugs for the administration of anesthetics.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Much faster than average (9% or higher)

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Offices of other health practitioners

•   Colleges, universities, and professional schools

23. Pediatricians

Pediatricians diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases and injuries in children. They also refer patients to specialists for further diagnosis or treatment, as needed.

Average Salary

$203,240

Typical Entry-Level Education

Doctoral or professional degree

Primary Duties

•   Prescribe or administer treatment, therapy, medication, vaccination, and other specialized medical care to treat or prevent illness, disease, or injury in infants and children.

•   Examine children regularly to assess their growth and development.

•   Treat children who have minor illnesses, acute and chronic health problems, and growth and development concerns.

•   Examine patients or order, perform, and interpret diagnostic tests to obtain information on medical condition and determine diagnosis.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Little or no change

Top Industries

•   Offices of physicians

•   Hospitals

•   Outpatient care centers

•   Colleges, universities, and professional Schools

24. Computer and Information Systems Managers

Computer and information systems managers plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as electronic data processing, information systems, systems analysis, and computer programming

Average Salary

$173,670

Typical Entry-Level Education

Bachelor’s degree

Primary Duties

•   Direct daily operations of department, analyzing workflow, establishing priorities, developing standards and setting deadlines.

•   Meet with department heads, managers, supervisors, vendors, and others, to solicit cooperation and resolve problems.

•   Review project plans to plan and coordinate project activity.

•   Assign and review the work of systems analysts, programmers, and other computer-related workers.

•   Provide users with technical support for computer problems.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Much faster than average (9% or higher)

Top Industries

•   Computer systems design and related services

•   Management of companies and enterprises

•   Software publishers

•   Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

•   Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services

25. Financial Managers

Financial managers plan, direct, or coordinate accounting, investing, banking, insurance, securities, and other financial activities of a branch, office, or department of an establishment.

Average Salary

$166,050

Typical Entry-Level Education

Bachelor’s degree

Primary Duties

•   Establish and maintain relationships with individual or business customers or provide assistance with problems these customers may encounter.

•   Oversee the flow of cash or financial instruments.

•   Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of workers in branches, offices, or departments of establishments, such as branch banks, brokerage firms, risk and insurance departments, or credit departments.

•   Recruit staff members.

•   Evaluate data pertaining to costs to plan budgets.

Projected growth (2022-2032)

Much faster than average (9% or higher)

Top Industries

•   Credit intermediation and related activities

•   Management of companies and enterprises

•   Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments and related activities

•   Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services

•   Insurance carriers

Highest Paying Jobs by State

The top-paying occupations in the U.S. vary by location, so here’s a look at the best-paid jobs by state based on the BLS’s State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates. This listing goes in alphabetical order and includes all 50 states plus the District of Columbia.

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Alabama

Career: Cardiologist
Average Salary: $466,030

Alaska

Career: Surgeon
Average Salary: $311,440

Arizona

Career: Plastic Surgeon
Average Salary: $430,870

Arkansas

Career: Orthopedic Surgeon
Average Salary: $365,580

California

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary: $371,450

Colorado

Career: Anesthesiologists
Average Salary: $384,860

Connecticut

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary:$308,230

Delaware

Career: Orthopedic Surgeons
Average Salary: $509,820

District of Columbia

Career: Orthopedic Surgeons
Average Salary: $509,820

Florida

Career: Cardiologist
Average Salary: 428,810

Georgia

Career: Neurologists
Average Salary: $332,760

Hawaii

Career: Orthopedic Surgeon
Average Salary:$554,520

Idaho

Career: Cardiologists
Average Salary: $521,690

Illinois

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary: $360,560

Indiana

Career: Athletes and Sports Competitors
Average Salary: $702,270

Iowa

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary: $398,590

Kansas

Career: Surgeons
Average Salary: $374,300

Kentucky

Career: Orthopedic Surgeons
Average Salary: $410,760

Louisiana

Career: Surgeons
Average Salary: $534,920

Maine

Career: Surgeons
Average Salary: $450,330

Maryland

Career: Cardiologists
Average Salary: $456,280

Massachusetts

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary: $414,270

Michigan

Career: Orthopedic Surgeons
Average Salary: $412,260

Minnesota

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary: $514,330

Mississippi

Career: Surgeons
Average Salary: $362,430

Missouri

Career: Cardiologists
Average Salary: $370,910

Montana

Career: Surgeons
Average Salary: $435,940

Nebraska

Career: Anesthesiologists
Average Salary: $422,040

Nevada

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary: $344,980

New Hampshire

Career: Orthopedic Surgeon
Average Salary: $425,620

New Jersey

Career: Chief Executives
Average Salary: $414,350

New Mexico

Career: Emergency Medicine Physicians
Average Salary: $332,590

New York

Career: Pediatric Surgeons
Average Salary: $415,810

North Carolina

Career: Surgeons
Average Salary: $429,010

North Dakota

Career: Psychiatrists
Average Salary: $390,140

Ohio

Career: Athletes and Sports Competitors
Average Salary: $648,120

Oklahoma

Career: Emergency Medicine Physicians
Average Salary: $312,940

Oregon

Career: Anesthesiologists
Average Salary: $395,060

Pennsylvania

Career: Cardiologists
Average Salary: $478,340

Rhode Island

Career: Radiologists
Average Salary: $343,450

South Carolina

Career: Ophthalmologists
Average Salary: $386,460

South Dakota

Career: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
Average Salary: $347,390

Tennessee

Career: Surgeons
Average Salary: $324,550

Texas

Career: Cardiologists
Average Salary: $413,510

Utah

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary: $402,230

Vermont

Career: Orthopedic Surgeon
Average Salary: $413,870

Virginia

Career: Neurologists
Average Salary: $368,650

Washington State

Career: Anesthesiologists
Average Salary: $419,950

Washington, D.C.

Career: Surgeons, Except Ophthalmologists
Average Salary: $286,160

West Virginia

Career: Surgeons
Average Salary: $365,560

Wisconsin

Career: Dermatologists
Average Salary: $455,200

Wyoming

Career: Family Medicine Physicians
Average Salary: $295,570

The Takeaway

Whether you look at the top-paying fields nationally or by state, healthcare professions dominate the list. However, a few other careers also consistently show up in the highest-paid job rankings, including professional athletes, chief executives, airline pilots, and computer/information systems managers.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall. Enjoy up to 4.60% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.


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What Is the Cost of Attendance in College?

College cost of attendance is an estimate of the total cost of attending college for one year. It includes the cost of one year of tuition, books, supplies, room and board, transportation, loan fees, and other personal expenses.

Here’s how to calculate the cost of attendance, why it matters, and how it can affect financing an education.

The Cost of Attendance for College

The cost of attendance (COA) for college is an estimate of the total cost of attending a college for one year. The expenses included in COA are outlined by federal law. As briefly mentioned, this estimate includes expenses such as the tuition and fees for one year of school, room and board, books and supplies, transportation costs, loan fees, and other personal expenses.

Cost of attendance is used to help colleges determine the amount of financial aid a student is eligible for, including grants, scholarships, and federal student loans.

The Difference Between Cost of Attendance and Tuition

Tuition covers the actual cost of academic instruction. COA, on the other hand, includes other expenses the student will likely incur in order to live. COA includes things like room and board, books and supplies, and transportation costs.

Schools are required to publish the COA on their website so the information is readily accessible to students. Schools also generally publish more than one COA. For example, state universities may list a COA for in-state vs. out-of-state students. Most colleges will provide multiple COAs based on different student scenarios, such as:

•   Part-time student

•   Full-time student

•   Off-campus living

•   On-campus living

•   Attending school with a dependent

The COA is an estimated average based on previous student spending and estimates, so your actual costs may be different than the COA.


💡 Quick Tip: You can fund your education with a low-rate, no-fee private student loan that covers all school-certified costs.

What Is the Average College Cost of Attendance?

Simply put, the cost of attendance is the estimated amount it will cost for a student to attend a school. If a school doesn’t run on a traditional fall/spring semester schedule, the COA may not be calculated to reflect a calendar year.

Think of COA as a rough budget for the year. It includes tuition and fees, along with expenses outside the classroom like food, transportation, and supplies.

According to The College Board, the average published cost for tuition and fees for the 2023-24 school year was $11,260 for students at public four-year institutions with in-state tuition and was $41,540 for students at private nonprofit four-year universities.

Recommended: What is the Average Cost of College Tuition?

What Does Cost of Attendance Include?

As mentioned, what’s included in a COA is defined by federal law. A college or university’s COA will include:

•   Tuition and fees: This includes additional expenses that could be required for a specific field of study, and fees associated with loans.

•   Books and supplies: This might sound like a silly line item, but students spend $1,240 on average on books and supplies, a College Board survey shows. (That may include the cost of a computer used for study.)

•   Transportation: This estimate includes how much it would cost to travel back and forth from school, and in some cases, can include the cost of keeping a car on campus (parking permits, etc).

•   Room and board: This estimates housing and food expenses. It will take into account if the student is living at home, on campus, or off campus.

•   Dining: Additionally, this line in the COA estimates how much a student may spend on dining, often using the campus meal plan as a guide.

•   Personal expenses: While the university doesn’t include this on its official bill, the school will estimate the cost of personal care, such as clothing, entertainment, and haircuts.

Cost of attendance can include more specifics based on a student’s need. The COA should reflect a student’s planned education, whether that be part time, full time, or even correspondence based. COA estimates come both directly from the school and from market research and data, meaning the trends change each year.

Recommended: Ways to Cut Costs on College Textbooks

Finding a School’s Cost of Attendance

Hunting down a university’s COA is an important first step in calculating the expenses around college and how to pay for it. Since legislation passed in 2011, it’s mandatory for U.S. two-year and four-year institutes to share the COA on their websites. However, that doesn’t mean it’s always easy to find.

One way to look for the COA online is to simply put “[NAME OF SCHOOL] + COST OF ATTENDANCE” into a search engine.

Or anyone can go the old-school route and call a college’s financial aid office to get the information over the phone.

A school will also include its cost of attendance on a student’s financial award letter.

College Cost Attendance List

The COA for colleges can vary quite dramatically depending on a school’s location, whether it is private or public, and other factors. Some programs may have additional fees and costs (like lab fees) which could increase the cost of attendance for certain majors or programs.

The following table provides an overview of the published COA for undergraduate students living on-campus at several schools around the country during the 2023-2024 school year (unless noted with an asterisk, in which case it is the 2022-2023 school year).

School

Type

Cost of Attendance

Cornell University (Ithaca, NY) Private $88,150
Dartmouth College (Hanover, NH) Private $87,793
Rice University (Houston, TX) Private $78,278
Vanderbilt (Nashville, TN) Private $84,412*
University of Chicago (Chicago, IL) Private $85,536*
California Institute of Technology (Pasadena, CA) Private $86,886
Gonzaga University (Spokane, WA) Private $74,249
University of California (Los Angeles) Public In-state: $38,517
Out-of-state: $71,091
University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill) Public In-state: $26,118
Out-of-state: $57,370
University of Massachusetts (Amherst) Public In-state: $35,765
Out-of-state: $57,701
University of Oregon (Eugene) Public In-state: $35,721
Out-of-state: $64,302
Oklahoma State University (Stillwater) Public In-state: $31,920
Out-of-state: $47,440
University of Alabama (Tuscaloosa) Public In-state: $32,054*
Out-of-state: $53,364*
University of Michigan (Ann Arbor) Public In-state: $33,555*
Out-of-state: $72,153*

*2022-2023 school year COA.

Can I Borrow More Than the Cost of Attendance?

It is generally not possible to borrow more than the cost of attendance for a school. Federal student loans are limited by law to the cost of attendance less than the amount of aid received. Often, private student loans have similar lending restrictions, though these are set by the lender.


💡 Quick Tip: It’s a good idea to understand the pros and cons of private student loans and federal student loans before committing to them.

Cost of Attendance and Net Price

Figuring out a school’s COA matters because it can help students figure out the net price they’ll pay for school. The net price is what a student will pay out of pocket to attend an institution. How does a student get from cost of attendance to net cost? Expected family contribution.

Expected family contribution is a number that a college or university uses to calculate a student’s expected amount of financial aid. The formula to calculate the expected family contribution is established by law and includes not only information provided on the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®), but also:

•   Taxed and untaxed income

•   Assets

•   Benefits (e.g. Social Security, unemployment compensation)

•   Family size

•   Number of family members expected to attend higher education that year

Expected family contribution is neither the final amount a family or individual is expected to pay nor the exact amount of federal aid a student will get. It’s simply a calculation or estimate to help arrive at net cost.

Once a school has a student’s expected family contribution, it can determine net cost through these steps:

•   The school looks at a student’s individual COA, taking into account if they’ll attend classes full or part time and whether or not they’ll live on campus.

•   With financial information in hand, the school subtracts a student’s expected family contribution from the COA. The difference is the student’s financial need.

•   That financial need can be filled by merit aid, such as scholarships or grants, in addition to loans and other financial aid.

After aid, the amount left is a student’s net price. This is what would be paid out of pocket. Depending on a student’s finances and aid, net cost can be fuzzy. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau has a free net price calculator to make the formula easier. Net price calculators can also be found on many college financial aid sites. These calculators generally take the COA and subtract scholarships or merit aid a student is eligible for.

Having a rough idea of net cost through the help of COA and expected family contribution can help students compare aid packages across schools. For instance, one college’s COA may be higher than another, but based on how generous the aid is, the net price could be lower at the school with the more expensive COA.

How COA Affects Student Loans

A school’s COA will influence a financial aid package an individual receives. Once a student selects a college to attend, the school will let federal and private lenders know how large a loan is needed.

In addition, regardless of a school’s COA, there are annual lending limits for federal student loans. For example, federal student loans for undergraduate programs are limited to $5,500 for first year dependent students. No more than $3,500 of this amount may be in subsidized loans.

Recommended: How to Get a Student Loan

Making the Right Choices

Understanding a school’s COA can help cover your aspirations. It’s essential to know when crunching numbers to fund an education.

But even after merit and need-based aid are applied, there still might not be enough to account for all expenses.

Paying for College

Students often rely on a variety of financing options when paying for college. Often the first step for students is filling out the FAFSA, which is how students can apply for all forms of federal aid, including federal grants, scholarships, work-study, and federal student loans. There are a lot of options so it’s important to understand the difference between grants vs. scholarships vs. student loans from a private lender. Here are a few other options that can help students pay for college.

Private Student Loan

Private student loans from lenders are available once all federal aid has been exhausted. Interested applicants will need to file individual applications with private lenders. Interest rates and loan terms are generally determined by an applicant’s personal financial factors such as credit score and income. Consider shopping around at a few different lenders to find the best rate and terms for your personal situation.

Applicants without an extensive credit history or a relatively low credit score may find that adding a cosigner to their application can help them qualify for a loan or qualify for more competitive rates and terms.

Additionally, an important note when comparing private student loans vs. federal student loans is that federal loans offer borrower protections that private loans do not. For this reason, private loans are generally borrowed as a last-resort option.

For those interested in pursuing a graduate degree, there are student loans for graduate programs available, too.

Credit Card

Schools may allow students to pay for their tuition with a credit card. Most schools do charge a fee (often between 2% to 3%) for this convenience, which can offset any rewards you may be earning on your credit card. In addition, credit cards have fairly substantial interest rates. Therefore, paying for tuition with a credit card may not make the most financial sense.

On the other hand, when credit cards are used responsibly, they can be helpful tools to help students establish and build their credit history. Students could use credit cards to pay for books, food, gas, or other transportation costs. Be sure to pay attention to interest rates and pay off your credit card each month to avoid credit card debt.

Personal Savings

If you have been saving for college, using those funds to pay for tuition or other college costs can help you avoid borrowing for college. When you borrow student loans to pay for college, you’ll end up paying interest, which increases the total amount you spend over the life of the loan. By paying for some expenses with savings, you may be able to reduce the overall bill.

Grants

Generally, grants, which are often awarded based on financial need, do not need to be repaid. Grants are available from the federal government, individual schools, and even some nonprofit organizations.

Recommended: Grants for College — Find Free Money for College

Scholarships

Scholarships are another type of aid that doesn’t require repayment. Often awarded based on merit or other personal criteria (like gender, ethnicity, hobbies, or academic interest), scholarships are available from a variety of sources such as the school, state or local governments, corporations, or nonprofit organizations. Review your school’s financial aid website and conduct an online search to find scholarships you may be eligible for.

The Takeaway

Cost of attendance (COA) is an estimate that includes the cost of tuition, room and board, books, transportation, and food and meals. The requirements for COA are outlined by federal law and each school is required to publish its COA on their website so this information can be easily accessed.

Students won’t necessarily be required to pay the full COA — things like scholarships, grants, and other forms of financial aid can reduce the actual net price a student ends up paying. That’s why it’s important to compare not only the cost of each school, but the financial aid package each school offers.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.


Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

What does cost of attendance mean for college?

The cost of attendance (COA) is an estimate for the total cost of attending a college for a single year. The COA includes tuition, room and board, food and meals, books and supplies, transportation, and other miscellaneous personal costs. The items required for inclusion in the COA are outlined by federal law and each college or university is required to publish the details for the college’s COA on the school website.

What is the difference between cost of attendance and tuition?

A school’s tuition is the price for academic instruction. The cost of attendance includes the cost of tuition in addition to other expenses including room and board, books and supplies, transportation, and more.

How much does college cost per year?

The cost of college can vary based on many factors including your location, whether you attend a private or public university, if you receive in-state vs. out-of-state tuition, and the type of program you are enrolled in. According to The College Board, the average cost of attending a four-year nonprofit private institution was $41,540 during the 2023-24 school year. During the same time period, the average cost for tuition and fees at public four-year institutions with in-state tuition was $11,260.


SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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