Nov
01
2022
Credit Cards Are for Spending, Not Saving, Right? Not Necessarily.

Credit Cards Are for Spending, Not Saving, Right? Not Necessarily.

By | invest, Investing, Preparing for Retirement | Comments Off on Credit Cards Are for Spending, Not Saving, Right? Not Necessarily.

Whether you’re new to saving for retirement or an old pro, you can use your credit card for funding your IRA or other retirement accounts.

How exactly does this work?

5 Steps for Using a Credit Card To Save for Retirement

Step 1: Learning About IRAs & Other Retirement Funds

If you don’t already have a retirement account, it’s a good idea to familiarize yourself with the different types that are available. You may want to consider opening an IRA, stocks, or a mutual fund — a package of stocks and bonds that includes many different companies — to help offset risk.

💡 Recommended: Understanding the Different Types of Retirement Plans

Step 2: Finding the Right Credit Card

Once you’ve figured out how and where you want to invest, you can begin your search to find the right credit card; specifically, a cash-back credit card. These cards offer a percentage back (most offer about 2%) for every dollar you spend. But instead of putting that money directly into your regular bank account or using “points” (which usually don’t have as much value) to shop or get discounts, you can flip that money into your shiny new retirement fund, where it will earn compound interest.

💡 Recommended: How to Choose a Credit Card That Fits You

Step 3: Putting Your Cash-back Rewards To Work

As with any credit card, it’s important to keep your spending in check so that you can pay it off every month. After all, paying interest pretty much negates the whole cash-back thing. But it can be a good idea to put big purchases on your card (as long as you can pay it off that month).

So if you need a new computer for work, you can buy it with your credit card. Bonus: Your card may offer insurance on such a purchase. So it’s a good idea to read the fine print and find out.

Same goes for paying rent with your credit card, as long as your landlord doesn’t charge a fee for credit card payments. Your monthly bills too. The average American pays about $8,600 a year in bills (not including rent or mortgage). If you have to pay for these services anyway, why not earn a few hundred dollars a year by paying them with your credit card?

Again, in order to really benefit from these cash-back rewards, it’s important to pay off your credit card bill every month. Paying interest will just eat into your rewards.

💡 Recommended: Guide to Cash-Back Rewards

Step 4: Mixing & Matching Your Cash-back Cards

Some cards give you a flat cash-back rate. Others offer tiered rewards for specific purchases like groceries, gas, or dining out. If you want to get the most cash-back rewards possible, it’s a smart idea to look at your spending. Figure out what areas you spend the most on each month, and choose a card (or multiple cards) that offer the best rewards for those categories.

Step 5: Automating Your Payments & Investments

To make sure you don’t give in to temptation, you may want to consider automating the cash-back payments to your retirement fund. While you’re at it, you can automate your monthly bill payments so you don’t have to lift a finger to earn those cash-back rewards. You can do the same with your monthly credit card payment to ensure you always pay it on time.

💡 Recommended: Guide to Investing With Credit Card Rewards

The Takeaway

The keys to saving successfully for retirement are to start early, pay off debt quickly, and be consistent with investments. That’s especially true if you want to retire early. And while credit cards can be dangerous when used carelessly, they can obviously offer a great advantage for people who can pay off their credit card bills every month.

If you want to get started on saving for your retirement with a credit card, you can check out SoFi’s very own credit card, which offers 2% cash-back rewards points. Pair it with a SoFi IRA, and you’re in business.

FAQ

How do credit cards help save money?

Credit card companies are essentially providing you with free loans, but only if these two things are true: First, you pay off your bills in full every month to avoid accruing interest. And second, you’re paying no annual fee. In that case, you can say that credit cards are saving you money.

Can I fund my IRA with a credit card?

Yes, you can actually fund your IRA with a credit card. The way it works: Investment companies like Schwab, Fidelity, and Morgan Stanley partner with credit cards offering cash back. The cash back you earn on those cards can be directly deposited into your IRA with that company. You’d have to spend $300,000 to earn $6,000 in cash back — the 2022 IRA limit for people under 50 — but it’s possible.

How do I contribute to an IRA?

The first step is to open an IRA account, either through your employer, a bank, traditional investment company, or online financial institution. Then make one or more deposits up to the annual limit. Deposits can come directly from your paycheck, an online transfer, or even a cash-back credit card.

Photo credit: iStock/RgStudio

1See Rewards Details at SoFi.com/card/rewards.

The SoFi Credit Card is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A. pursuant to license by Mastercard® International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Members earn 2 rewards points for every dollar spent on purchases. No rewards points will be earned with respect to reversed transactions, returned purchases, or other similar transactions. When you elect to redeem rewards points into your SoFi Checking or Savings account, SoFi Money® account, SoFi Active Invest account, SoFi Credit Card account, or SoFi Personal, Private Student, or Student Loan Refinance, your rewards points will redeem at a rate of 1 cent per every point. For more details, please visit the Rewards page. Brokerage and Active investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC. SoFi Securities LLC is an affiliate of SoFi Bank, N.A.

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SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
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For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Nov
01
2022

Why Are Student Loan Interest Rates So High?

By | Debt Payoff, Fresh Out of School, Student Loans, student_loan | No Comments

Editor's Note: For the latest developments regarding federal student loan debt repayment, check out our student debt guide.

Student loan interest rates are rising. Over the past two years, rates have jumped by 2.24 percentage points. That’s an increase of 81.5% for undergraduate loans, and 52% for graduate loans. Why are student loan interest rates so high? Some of it comes down to perception: Interest rates are up after a decade of historical lows. But other factors also come into play.

We’ll take a closer look at how student loan interest rates are set, why interest rates are going up, and the different options available for managing high-interest student loans.

How Federal Student Loan Interest Rates Are Determined

The short answer is that Congress sets federal student loan interest rates, while private loan rates depend on the borrower’s (and student loan cosigner’s) credit rating. But that’s not the whole story.

The federal government adjusts federal student loan rates every year based on 10-year Treasury notes, plus a fixed increase. Rates are also capped, so they can’t rise above a certain limit. Here are the formulas:

•  Direct Unsubsidized Loans for Undergraduates:

   10-year Treasury + 2.05%, capped at 8.25%

•  Direct Unsubsidized Loans for Graduates:

   10-year Treasury + 3.60%, capped at 9.50%

•  PLUS Loans to Graduate Students and Parents:

   10-year Treasury + 4.60% Capped 10.50%

Federal student loan interest rates are fixed over the life of the loan. That means, if you get a federal student loan for your freshman year, the rate it was issued with won’t change despite Congress setting a new rate every year. If you need to take out another federal student loan for your sophomore year, you’ll then get the new rate, not the previous one.

Private student loan lenders set rates according to the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or the prime rate. These benchmarks are a reflection of larger economic forces and market prices.

Another factor is that student loans are unsecured. Unsecured loans are not tied to an asset that can serve as collateral. Secured loans, by comparison, are backed by something of value, such as a car or house, which can be seized if you default. But lenders can’t seize a degree. So student loan interest rates are typically higher than secured loan rates because the lender’s risk is higher.

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Historical Student Loan Interest Rates

Federal student loans interest rates for the 2022-2023 academic year range from 4.99% for undergrad loans to 6.54% for graduate loans. Compare that to 2020-2021, when rates were 2.75% and 4.30%. (Of course, for more than two years, the national payment pause on federal student loans has gifted loan holders a 0% interest rate.) The post-pandemic jump prompted students and parents to wonder why student loan interest rates are so high.

The truth is that rock-bottom rates seen during the pandemic were an anomaly. Historically, student loan interest rates have been closer to current levels than to the previous lows. From the 1960s through 1992, Congress set fixed interest rates for student loans that ranged from 6% to 10%. In the 2000s rates became variable for a while and hovered around 6% or 7%, until becoming fixed again in 2006. Then the recession hit.

The 2009 recession caused interest rates to fall across the board, with student loan interest rates lingering at 3-4% for undergraduate loans and close to 5% for graduate loans. They dipped further during the pandemic. Which brings us to today: A healthier economy means higher interest rates in general, which is good for savings accounts but tough on student loans.

Recommended: Student Loan Refinancing Guide

How To Manage High Interest Rate Student Loans

Whether you’re still in school, just graduated, or considering continuing your post-grad education, you have options that may save you money. But you have to be proactive.

Here are some potential action items depending on where you are in your education:

If You’re Still in College or Grad School

Borrowers with Direct Unsubsidized loans are responsible for the interest that accrues while they’re in school and immediately after. They don’t have to make payments while enrolled, but not making payments means interest will “capitalize” — that is, it will be added to the principal. In other words, you’ll be paying interest on the interest!

To save yourself money on interest, consider making interest-only payments during school until your full repayment period begins after graduation. It will take a small bite out of your budget now, but it can save you money in the long run.

If you have Direct Subsidized loans, no interest will accrue until your grace period ends. No matter what type of student loans you have, you might be interested in our Ca$h Course: A Student’s Guide to Money.

If You Graduated

Student loan forbearance ends December 31, 2022. That means borrowers will have to make monthly payments again come January, and the principal will start to accrue interest. If you’re worried about how federal student loan payments will impact your budget, you may want to change your repayment plan.

Borrowers are automatically placed on the Standard Repayment Plan, unless they select another option. The standard repayment plan spreads repayment over 10 years. Other options extend the repayment term, which can make payments more manageable in the present, but that means you may pay more in interest over the life of the loan.

Income-driven repayment plans can lower your bill to 10%, 15%, or 20% of your discretionary income, based on your salary and family size. Repayment periods are for 10, 12, or 15 years.

But what if you don’t qualify for income-driven plans, and you don’t want to shell out more in interest? You might consider refinancing. Refinancing your student loans is one way to potentially lower your interest rate or your monthly payments. By using our student loan refinance calculator, you can check the interest rate and repayment terms you qualify for — and find out if refinancing makes sense for your situation.

If You’re Considering Grad School

It can be daunting to consider grad school while staring down undergraduate student loans. The good news is that federal student loan payments are deferred while you’re in grad school at least half time. However, keep in mind that interest continues to accrue during a student loan deferment. If you can afford to make payments, even interest-only payments, you’ll save yourself money down the line.

When it comes time to take out loans for grad school, make sure to consider private student loans as well as federal loans. For undergrads, federal student loan interest rates tend to be lower than private rates. But that’s no so for graduate students: PLUS loans have the highest interest rates and origination fees of any federal student loans.

Also, there are no borrowing limits with private student loans, as there are with federal student loans. So if you’ve exhausted your federal loan limits and you have the credit score to secure a low interest rate, private student loans may be the right choice.

Refinancing Student Loans

As mentioned above, refinancing is one way to deal with high-interest student loan debt if you don’t qualify for federal protections. You can potentially lower your interest rate or your monthly payments. And managing your student loans responsibly is a great way to establish credit and boost your credit score.

Wondering if you should refinance your student loans? You could be a strong candidate if:

•   You’ve improved your credit score since you first took out your loans. Unlike when you were first headed to college, you may now have a credit history for lenders to take into account. If you’ve never missed a payment and have continually grown your credit score, you might qualify for a lower interest rate.

•   You have a stable income. Being able to show consistent income to a private lender may help make you a less risky investment, which in turn can also help you secure a more competitive interest rate.

Federal Student Loan Forgiveness

Another important factor to weigh is how likely you are to benefit from the current federal student loan forgiveness plan. Under Biden’s plan, federal student loan borrowers earning up to $125,000 (as individuals) or $250,000 for those filing jointly may qualify for up to $10,000 in forgiveness. Pell Grant recipients may qualify for up to $20,000 in forgiveness.

If you qualify for federal student loan forgiveness and still wish to refinance, leave up to $10,000 unrefinanced ($20,000 for Pell Grant recipients) to receive your federal benefit.

Interest Rates for Federal Student Loans vs Private Student Loans

As mentioned above, federal student loans have their interest rate set by Congress annually, based on the 10-year Treasury note. With private student loans, lenders can determine their own rates. And since 2006, federal student loans are offered at fixed interest rates, whereas private refinancing can be offered at either a fixed or variable interest rate.

Unlike the single rate set annually for federal student loans, students can shop around for interest rates with private student loan providers. Rates will vary at each lender based on their underwriting criteria, market conditions, and the borrower’s financial profile.

Recommended: Refinancing Without a Cosigner

Do Private Student Loans Have Lower Interest Rates Than Federal Loans?

Federal student loans generally have lower interest rates than private student loans.

The exception is federal PLUS loans for grad students, which have the highest interest rates. Private student loans may have lower rates than PLUS loans for qualified applicants.

The Takeaway

Federal student loans generally have lower interest rates than private student loans. The exception is PLUS loans, which have the highest interest rates and may have origination fees. Graduate students and their parents who have excellent credit may find a lower rate among private student loan lenders.

Remember that if you are refinancing federal loans with a private lender, you’ll give up all federal student loan protections such as forbearance, and benefits like income-driven repayment programs. Refinancing won’t be the right fit for everyone, but for qualified borrowers it can help them secure a more competitive interest rate.

If you’re struggling with high interest rates, consider refinancing your student loans with SoFi. SoFi is a leader in the student loan space, offering both private student loans to help pay your way through school, and refinancing options to help you save on the loans you already have. Check out your interest rate in just a few minutes — with no strings attached. And there are never any fees, including origination fees.

SoFi was named a 2022 Best Company for Student Loan Refinance by U.S. News & World Report.


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For the 2023-2024 school year, the interest rate on Direct Subsidized or Unsubsidized loans for undergraduates is 5.50%, the rate on Direct Unsubsidized loans for graduate and professional students is 7.05%, and the rate on Direct PLUS loans for graduate students, professional students, and parents is 8.05%. The interest rates on federal student loans are fixed and are set annually by Congress.


SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are a federal student loan borrower, you should consider all of your repayment opportunities including the opportunity to refinance your student loan debt at a lower APR or to extend your term to achieve a lower monthly payment. Please note that once you refinance federal student loans you will no longer be eligible for current or future flexible payment options available to federal loan borrowers, including but not limited to income-based repayment plans or extended repayment plans.


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Nov
01
2022
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How Marriage Can Affect Your Student Loan Payments

By | Family Finances, Life & Career, Student Loans, student_loan | No Comments

Editor's Note: For the latest developments regarding federal student loan debt repayment, check out our student debt guide.

Your marriage status can affect your financial life in unexpected ways, and student loans are no exception. If you have an income-driven repayment plan, your spouse’s income might change your monthly payment calculation. But such challenges also present opportunities. For instance, you may be able to rejigger your student loan payments to save money on interest, lower your monthly payment, or shorten your repayment term so you can become debt-free faster.

Here we’ll show you how getting married affects student loans. Learn strategies for restructuring your debts, and tips for saving money that you can put toward other goals.

Marriage and Student Loan Repayments

Your marital status can affect everything from loan payments to tax breaks. Understanding how marriage impacts student loans (yours or your partner’s) can help you craft a new repayment plan and get ahead of your other financial goals. That way, you can focus on more urgent matters, like who’s making dinner tonight.

How Marriage and Student Loans Can Affect Your Taxes

If you paid student loan interest in the previous tax year, you may qualify for a student loan deduction. But your eligibility can change depending on if you are filing jointly or separately.

According to the IRS, as of the 2021 tax year, a single person (or head of household) with a modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) under $85,000 may be able to deduct up to $2,500 of qualified student loan interest paid in a given year. (Eligible MAGI for married filing jointly for this deduction is under $170,000.)

However, if you’re married but filing separately, that student loan interest deduction goes away. You can only take advantage if you file jointly. (See below for other deductions you may not qualify for if filing separately.)

Helping Each Other with Repayments

If you want to help your spouse with their student loan repayment, whether they have private or federal loans, you can. When one spouse takes out a loan before the marriage, typically that loan still belongs to the original borrower. However, you can choose to put both your names on the loan, and be equally responsible for the debt, by refinancing together.

Refinancing student loans gets you a brand-new loan in both your names. At the same time, you may be able to qualify for a lower interest rate or better terms. However, you will forfeit your federal student loan benefits if you refinance federal loans with a private lender.

Marriage Could Complicate Your Income-Driven Repayment Plan

When you’re married and filing separately (vs. jointly), student loan servicers count only your individual income. But if you file jointly and you or your spouse is enrolled in the Revised Pay As You Earn (REPAYE) plan — one of four income-driven repayment plans — you could see your monthly payments increase. When filing your taxes jointly, your combined AGI replaces your individual income in REPAYE’s calculations.

For the three other income-driven repayment plans — Pay As You Earn (PAYE), Income-Based Repayment (IBR), and Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR) — you can potentially avoid higher payments by filing separately. However, when you do this you lose the ability to use the student loan interest deduction.

Filing separately also means you’ll no longer be able to qualify for the Earned Income Tax Credit, the American Opportunity Credit, and Lifetime Learning Credit. There is no one blanket answer for every married couple. Given the complexity of tax law, you’ll want to consult a tax professional to determine which option is best for you both.

Tips for Tackling Student Loan Debt Together

So what’s the best strategy for paying down student loans without letting them come between you and your spouse? Here are five tips to a debt-free happily ever after.

Tip #1: Create Your Big Financial Picture

Preparing to take on a big financial goal usually requires some conversation and preparation upfront. Before making any decisions, sit down and talk about your short- and long-term financial objectives, and make sure you’re both on the same page (or as close to it as possible). This can be an overwhelming topic, so see if you can break it down into chunks.

Have you established a household budget? How do student loans — and paying them off — fit into your long-term and short-term goals? Should you start aggressively paying off debt, or might it be better for you to ramp up over time? What other factors (e.g., buying a home, changing careers, having children) might influence your decisions?

Not only can this exercise give you more clarity to create an action plan, it can also be kind of fun. After all, planning a life together is part of the reason you got married in the first place. The key is to listen to each other.

Tip #2: Take Advantage of Technology

Once you’re clear on the big picture, it’s time to get into the weeds. Many people have more than one student loan, often with multiple lenders, so a good place to start is to gather all of your loan information together. You can use an online student loan management tool (try https://studentaid.gov/loan-simulator/) to compare repayment options and analyze prepayment strategies.

After crunching the numbers, your debt payoff strategy may include putting extra money toward your loans each month, which means creating and sticking to a budget that supports that goal.

Using a debt payoff planner can help you keep track of your debt payments, maintain spending within a budget, and show how close you are to paying off your debt in full. Tracking your spending may not feel good at first, but over time, this kind of discipline can help you see where your money goes and make conscious choices about your spending. Once you have your budget in place, these apps can be set up to alert you both when spending is getting off track.

Tip #3: Define the Who, What, When

Whether your finances are separate or combined, you’ll probably want to come to an agreement on how to collectively pay all of your financial obligations. Many couples address this based on each person’s share of the total household income.

For example, if one person contributes 40% of the household income, and the other 60%, the former might pay 40% of the shared bills and the latter 60%. Others find it simpler and more cohesive to have one household checking account and pay all bills from there. Or you can combine the two tactics, and have each spouse contribute a prorated amount to the joint bank account.

However you decide to split things up, consider setting up automatic payments for all household bills, because missed student loan payments can potentially impact both spouses’ credit. And a weak credit rating can make your future financial objectives tougher to achieve.

Tip #4: Look For Opportunities to Optimize

So now you’ve established a plan and a budget, and you know who’s on point for each bill. You’re on the path to getting student loan debt off your plate. Is there anything else you can do to speed up the process?

Short of winning the lottery, the most common ways to accelerate student loan payoff are prepayment (meaning, paying more than the minimum) or lowering the interest rate, the latter of which is most commonly accomplished through refinancing.

If you qualify to refinance your student loans, you’ll have to decide on your primary goal:

•   Lower your monthly payment by choosing a longer term. This frees up money in your budget, but you’ll potentially pay more in interest over the long term.

•   Lower your interest rate. This saves you money in interest over the long term. (It can also lower your monthly payment, but don’t count on it.)

•   Shorten the repayment period. This can save you money on interest over the life of the loan, and get you debt-free faster.

Tip #5: Be on the Same Team

Living with debt is stressful for any couple. But being in a committed relationship has its advantages. There’s a reason that weight loss experts often recommend finding a “buddy” to help cheer you on and keep you honest on your diet and exercise journey. The same applies to achieving a big financial goal like paying off student loan debt.

Keep it positive and the lines of communication open, and you may find that the journey to being debt-free makes your marriage stronger.

Refinancing Student Loans Separately vs. Jointly

If you and your new spouse decide you want to do more things with your money — have a child, buy a home, or invest more in retirement savings — it may be time to refinance student loans. Once again, you’ll need to run some numbers and decide whether to refinance your student loans together or separately.

When you apply to refinance your student loans, lenders typically evaluate your credit score and financial fitness. This determines your new interest rate and loan terms. The goal is for the new loan to be a better deal than your existing loans.

With a lower interest rate, you can reduce the amount of money you spend over the life of the loan. And with only one monthly student loan payment to worry about, your finances can be easier to manage.

But are you better off going it alone or together?

Refinancing Student Loans Separately

When you’re married, refinancing your student loans separately has pros and cons.

Advantages of refinancing separately Disadvantages of refinancing separately
You’re not responsible for anyone’s debts but your own. Financial responsibility may not be equitably distributed.
You can choose the loan you want, without compromise. If you hit a financial rough spot, you alone are on the hook for payments.
Your own credit score and history determine your interest rate and loan terms. If your credit score is weak, you’ll pay a higher interest rate.

Even if you’re married, refinancing student loans separately may be right for you if any of the following statements are true:

•   Your credit score and history are much stronger than your spouse’s, and you want to qualify for the lowest interest rate possible.

•   You and your spouse have different goals for refinancing — for instance, a lower monthly payment vs. saving money in interest.

•   Your spouse hopes to qualify for Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF).

•   Your spouse is enrolled in an income-based repayment plan or is taking advantage of other federal repayment protections.

•   One of you has a much higher student loan balance, while the other has almost paid off their loans.

Refinancing Student Loans Jointly

On the other hand, there are compelling arguments for being married and refinancing student loans jointly.

Advantages of refinancing jointly Disadvantages of refinancing jointly
One of you is a stay-at-home parent who can’t qualify for refinancing alone. It can be difficult to get out of spousal consolidation if your relationship sours.
You want to simplify your student loans into one single payment. If your spouse dies before the loans are paid off, you’ll have to shoulder the burden alone (federal student loans are forgiven upon death only if held separately).
It’s possible you’ll both benefit from a lower interest rate than you’ll qualify for separately. There are few lenders who allow spousal consolidation of student loans.

Refinancing student loans jointly may be right for you given one of these scenarios:

•   Your credit score and history are much weaker than your spouse’s, and you can’t afford the interest rate and loan terms you qualify for alone.

•   You’re a stay-at-home parent with no earned income, making it difficult to qualify separately.

•   It’s important to both of you to be on the same team financially.

Refinance Student Loans With SoFi

For some couples, a lower interest rate can mean more flexibility and a more manageable repayment plan. After all, the average graduate holds 8-12 student loans. That gives married couples 16-24 different loan payments to make each month. Refinancing together can transform a student loan mess into a single, affordable payment.

To see how refinancing might impact your student loans and your partner’s, take a look at SoFi’s student loan refinance calculator. With SoFi, there are no application or origination fees, and no prepayment penalties.

Thinking about refinancing your student loans? Save thousands of dollars thanks to flexible terms and low fixed or variable rates.

FAQ

Does getting married affect student loan payments for you and your spouse?

If you or your spouse is enrolled in an income-driven repayment plan, you may see your payments increase after marriage. You can potentially avoid higher payments by filing your taxes separately. However, you’ll forfeit the ability to use the student loan interest deduction.

Is my spouse responsible for my student loans?

Loans taken out before the marriage still belong to the original borrower. Your spouse is not responsible for them unless they cosigned the loans with you. You can choose to put both your names on your loans, and be equally responsible for the debt, by refinancing together.

Does marriage affect financial aid?

Marriage typically has a positive effect on qualifying for financial aid. If you are under 24 and married, your parents’ income will no longer be considered in financial aid calculations, but your spouse’s will — this usually means your household income drops. However, if your spouse has significant income or assets, that can negatively affect your eligibility for financial aid.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are a federal student loan borrower, you should consider all of your repayment opportunities including the opportunity to refinance your student loan debt at a lower APR or to extend your term to achieve a lower monthly payment. Please note that once you refinance federal student loans you will no longer be eligible for current or future flexible payment options available to federal loan borrowers, including but not limited to income-based repayment plans or extended repayment plans.


Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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2022
Crypto Tax Loss Harvesting Guide for 2022

Crypto Tax-Loss Harvesting Guide: Turn Losses Into a Tax Benefit

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Crypto Tax-Loss Harvesting Guide: Turn Losses Into a Tax Benefit

Tax-loss harvesting is a popular tactic used by many investors who hold traditional assets such as stocks or bonds, and it can also be applied to cryptocurrency investments. Crypto tax-loss harvesting follows the same principles as ordinary tax-loss harvesting, except it can be used by crypto investors to reduce their tax liabilities.

Crypto tax-loss harvesting is particularly relevant for 2022, when many investors have seen steep crypto losses. The upside is that tax-loss harvesting allows crypto investors to offset their losses against other capital gains in their portfolio.

Ultimately, tax-loss harvesting may help crypto investors lower the amount they owe in taxes — an important benefit, given how volatile crypto can be. And for various reasons, the current rules have been more favorable for crypto traders, although that could change.

What Is Crypto Tax-Loss Harvesting?

Tax-loss harvesting, and by extension, crypto tax-loss harvesting, is primarily a way to lower or even eliminate capital gains taxes on your investment gains for a given tax year. Although tax-loss harvesting has traditionally been a tactic used with traditional assets, like stocks, bonds, or ETFs, tax-loss harvesting crypto investments is simply using crypto investments to harvest tax losses.

With tax-loss harvesting, an ordinary investor can sell assets that have dropped in value and use the losses to mitigate the capital gains tax they may owe on the profits of other investments they’ve sold.

For example, if an investor sells a security for a $25,000 gain, and sells another security at a $10,000 loss, the loss could be applied so that the investor would only see a capital gain of $15,000 ($25,000 – $10,000). That’s the main benefit of tax-loss harvesting.

The same basic rules apply to crypto investors, with the exception of the wash sale rule. This is covered in more detail below, but essentially the wash sale rule prohibits securities investors from selling investments to lock in a loss — and then repurchasing the same investments within 30 days. If an investor violates the wash sale rule, they can’t use their losses to offset taxable gains.

This isn’t true for crypto investors at the moment. Currently, crypto investors aren’t covered by the wash sale rule, so they can sell crypto holdings at a loss, use the realized loss to offset capital gains, and then repurchase the same crypto they just sold.

While there’s more to the strategy than just a 1:1 application of losses to gains, as you’ll see in the sections below, a tax-loss harvesting strategy can be an important part of a tax-efficient investment strategy.

Note that an investor has to actually sell the asset to create a taxable event, otherwise, it’s still an “unrealized” loss. Tax loss harvesting only comes into play when you sell your holdings at a loss.

How Crypto Tax-Loss Harvesting Works

When engaging in tax-loss harvesting to try and lower your tax liability, remember that there are a lot of variables at play. Those can include the specific asset being sold, how long the asset was held, and even your household income and tax filing status.

Example of Crypto Tax-Loss Harvesting

But to keep things simple, here’s an example of crypto tax-loss harvesting:

Let’s say the value of your Bitcoin holdings is down by $5,000. If you sell your Bitcoin and take the loss, you can then apply that $5,000 to offset other investment gains realized in the same calendar year. You’re not limited to applying crypto losses to crypto gains. So if you have investment gains of $10,000 in total in a given year, the $5,000 loss would reduce your taxable gain amount to $5,000 for that year.

That said, there are two types of capital gains: Short-term (less than one year) gains, and long-term gains (for assets you’ve held for a year or more). Depending on how long you’ve held different investments, you could owe more or less when it comes to capital gains . That’s because long-term gains are taxed at a more favorable rate; short-term gains are taxed at the higher capital gains rate.

Be sure to consider which assets you’re selling and when, because the IRS applies like to like: short-term losses to short-term gains and long-term losses to long-term gains first. After that, your investment losses generally offset any gains, and can be carried forward (see below).

Note, too, that some investors can use automated tax-loss harvesting tools to do the heavy lifting for them when it comes to tax-loss harvesting.

How Much Can You Tax-Loss Harvest?

The limit you can tax-loss harvest is determined by the amount of your losses versus your gains. You can only harvest the investment losses you have for a given calendar year and apply them to the investment gains you realized in the same calendar year.

If capital losses equal your capital gains, they would offset one another on your tax return, so there’d be nothing to carry over. For example, a $10,000 capital loss would cancel out a $10,000 capital gain.

If your losses exceed your gains, there is a remedy.

What If You Have More Losses Than Gains?

In order to allow taxpayers to claim the full capital loss deduction they’re entitled to, the IRS allows investors to carry tax losses forward into future years using a strategy called a tax-loss carryforward.

This means, generally speaking, that you can report losses realized on assets in one tax year on a future year’s tax return. IRS loss carryforward rules apply to both personal and business assets.

Thus, if your capital losses exceed your capital gains, you can claim the lesser of $3,000 ($1,500 if married filing separately) or your total net loss shown on line 21 of Schedule D for Form 1040. Any capital losses in excess of $3,000 could be carried forward to future tax years. The IRS allows you to carry losses forward indefinitely.

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When Is Tax-Loss Harvesting Crypto Worth It?

Tax-loss harvesting is somewhat of an advanced investment strategy, so whether or not it’s worth it depends on your specific financial picture. If you only have a handful of crypto investments, for instance, and don’t plan on selling any of them, tax loss-harvesting crypto may not really be necessary.

The strategy itself is most useful when the benefits are greater than the costs to you (crypto tradings costs, fees, etc.). But if you’re a fairly active crypto investor, cryptocurrency tax-loss harvesting may indeed be worth it. The best course of action, however, is probably to consult an accountant or financial professional for guidance.

When Is the Best Time to Tax-Loss Harvest?

Generally, many investors engage in tax-loss harvesting at the end of the year in order to lock in their gains and losses for the tax year. That’s mostly because people are looking for ways to lower their potential tax bills, and some year-end portfolio moves can often help them do it. But it’s a strategy that can be used year-round — not merely to end the year.

Pros and Cons of Tax-Loss Harvesting

Naturally, if you want to tax-loss harvest crypto, there are some pros and cons to be aware of.

Pros

 Cons
Can lower or eliminate capital gains, thereby reducing your tax bill Costs of tax-loss harvesting may outweigh benefits
Excess losses can offset personal income tax, and carried forward to future tax years May benefit high income investors more
No wash sale rule Could throw off your asset allocation

Is Tax-Loss Harvesting Crypto Legal?

Yes, crypto tax-loss harvesting is legal for now. Under the Build Back Better Act, some provisions might have changed how crypto investors carried out their tax-loss strategies, but that law has yet to pass Congress.

What About Wash-Sale Rules?

Usually, when discussing tax-loss harvesting, investors need to be aware of wash-sale rules. This IRS rule states that if you sell an investment to claim a loss, and then buy the same asset back within 30 days (pre- or post-sale) — what’s known as a wash sale — you forfeit the ability to claim the capital loss as a tax benefit.

Basically, it’s the IRS’ way of stopping investors from taking advantage of the system. If you could sell Stock X to claim a loss only to turn around and rebuy Stock X 10 minutes later, then you’re not really realizing a loss, per se.

But crypto investors don’t need to worry about wash sale rules, at least for now. In something of a loophole, wash sale rules don’t apply to cryptocurrencies because the IRS taxes crypto as property, rather than as securities.

Until the IRS says otherwise, crypto is unaffected by wash-sale rules. But as noted above, there is legislation currently being considered that could close this loophole for crypto investors by apply wash-sale provisions to crypto trades as well.

The Takeaway

Tax-loss harvesting cryptocurrency can provide crypto investors with a method for reducing their taxable income. Since crypto trading is unaffected by the wash-sale rule, it may be a relatively easy way for sophisticated investors to lower their tax bills. But it’s not foolproof, as the costs of crypto loss-harvesting may outweigh the potential savings.

FAQ

Is there a limit to how much you can tax loss harvest?

Not really. As long as you have investment gains that match your losses, you can use those losses to offset any taxable gains. There is a limit if you want to carry losses forward to future tax years. The limit is $3,000 ($1,500 if you’re married, filing separately).

Can you avoid capital gains tax on crypto?

The easiest and most obvious way to avoid capital gains tax on crypto is to hold it, rather than sell it, which triggers a taxable event. Other than that, you can gift your crypto holdings to avoid taxes on gains.

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SoFi Invest®
INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE
SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Crypto: Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies aren’t endorsed or guaranteed by any government, are volatile, and involve a high degree of risk. Consumer protection and securities laws don’t regulate cryptocurrencies to the same degree as traditional brokerage and investment products. Research and knowledge are essential prerequisites before engaging with any cryptocurrency. US regulators, including FINRA , the SEC , and the CFPB , have issued public advisories concerning digital asset risk. Cryptocurrency purchases should not be made with funds drawn from financial products including student loans, personal loans, mortgage refinancing, savings, retirement funds or traditional investments. Limitations apply to trading certain crypto assets and may not be available to residents of all states.

2Terms and conditions apply. Earn a bonus (as described below) when you open a new SoFi Digital Assets LLC account and buy at least $50 worth of any cryptocurrency within 7 days. The offer only applies to new crypto accounts, is limited to one per person, and expires on December 31, 2023. Once conditions are met and the account is opened, you will receive your bonus within 7 days. SoFi reserves the right to change or terminate the offer at any time without notice.

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Oct
31
2022
Cryptocurrency and the Wash Sale Rule for 2022

Cryptocurrency and the Wash Sale Rule for 2023

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Cryptocurrency and the Wash Sale Rule for 2023

Because crypto can be volatile, using tax-loss harvesting to offset capital gains has been relatively easy for crypto traders to execute — mainly because these investors haven’t had to worry about the wash sale rule.

Under the current wash sale rule, investors cannot sell ordinary securities at a loss (such as stocks, bonds, exchange-traded funds), and then buy back the same or similar securities and still claim the loss to offset other capital gains. But crypto investors can.

That’s because, for now, the IRS does not classify cryptocurrency as a security; it is considered property. So crypto investors may therefore sell crypto that has fallen in value, lock in the loss, and then buy it back again immediately — a wash sale — while still being able to offset investment gains for a tax benefit.

This may change if legislation that’s pending ultimately passes Congress, so it’s wise to be informed about the wash sale rule and how it could affect cryptocurrency trading.

What Is the Wash Sale Rule?

The wash sale rule prevents investors from selling an investment loss just for the tax-loss harvesting benefits while essentially maintaining their position in the security. For instance, if an investor sells 100 shares of stock ABC at a loss on October 1 and then repurchases 100 shares of ABC on October 15, they would not be able to use the tax advantages from the losses from the sale on October 1.

A wash sale occurs when an investor sells a security at a capital loss, and then buys the same or “substantially identical” security within a 61-day window, either 30 days before or after the sale.

Investors often take advantage of investments that have declined in value, selling the securities at a capital loss to offset the capital gains tax they may owe on the profits of other investments they’ve sold.

Known as tax-loss harvesting, investors commonly use this strategy to minimize investment tax liability. And for years, crypto investors have been able to claim multiple losses — some of which can also offset up to $3,000 in personal income — to offset gains, without having to worry about the wash sale rule.

💡 Recommended: Crypto Tax Loss Harvesting Guide for 2022

Does the Wash Sale Rule Apply to Cryptocurrency?

While crypto transactions aren’t subject to the wash sale rule at the moment, excessive crypto wash sales could still cause investors issues with the IRS. This is because crypto wash sales may fall under the IRS’ Economic Substance Doctrine, which states that crypto wash sales must have economic substance — like altering your exposure to market risk — to be eligible for tax benefits.

Because the crypto market can be highly volatile, crypto transactions often have economic substance, so its likely investors could still claim the tax loss benefits even if they repurchased the same crypto shorting after selling.

Nonetheless, the wash sale rule is something that all investors need to be aware of when trading different types of cryptocurrency. By understanding the rule and how it applies to cryptocurrency, investors can ensure they are taking advantage of all the tax benefits available to them.

💡 Recommended: Crypto Tax Guide 2022: How to Report Crypto on Your Taxes

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Example of Crypto Wash Sale

A crypto wash sale occurs when an investor sells a specific cryptocurrency at a loss but buys the same cryptocurrency 30 days before or after the sale date.

For example, suppose an investor buys $5,000 worth of a specific cryptocurrency. This crypto then falls in value by half, trading at $2,500. The investor can sell their position, incurring a $2,500 loss, but immediately buy back $2,500 worth of the crypto to maintain their position. The investor could claim $2,500 of capital losses on their taxes but still have a position in the crypto.

Crypto investors often use a wash sale to lock in a capital loss for tax benefits but still maintain a position in a specific crypto.

However, the IRS could still flag this strategy for tax loss harvesting. The IRS may disallow a wash sale if a taxpayer is in the same economic position after the transaction, as in the example above.

The best way to avoid issues with crypto wash sales is to wait to repurchase the specific crypto asset after the 30 days period; this way, the transaction no longer classifies as a wash sale.

Will the Wash Sale Rule for Crypto Change in the Future?

As noted above, the wash sale rule doesn’t currently apply to crypto, but that could change in the future.

The Biden administration tried to change how the wash sale rule applied to crypto as part of the Build Back Better legislation. If it had passed, this bill would have made crypto subject to the wash sale rule like stocks and other securities. However, this bill stalled in Congress.

Investors should be aware of the evolving nature of how tax rules apply to cryptocurrency since it is still a nascent asset class. There will likely be further regulation of cryptocurrency in the future, which could affect how the wash sale rule applies to crypto.

The Takeaway

The wash sale rule is a tax rule that says you can’t deduct a loss on the sale of an asset if you buy the same or similar asset within 30 days before or after the sale. The wash sale rule applies to stocks, bonds, and other securities, but does not usually apply to cryptocurrency.

Many crypto traders use wash sales as part of a tax-loss harvesting strategy to minimize tax burden while maintaining a position in their crypto holdings. However, the evolving tax rules surrounding crypto may limit this benefit in the future. Crypto traders need to stay up to these changes when it comes to managing a crypto portfolio and tax liability.

Photo credit: iStock/kate_sept2004

SoFi Invest®
INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE
SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

Crypto: Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies aren’t endorsed or guaranteed by any government, are volatile, and involve a high degree of risk. Consumer protection and securities laws don’t regulate cryptocurrencies to the same degree as traditional brokerage and investment products. Research and knowledge are essential prerequisites before engaging with any cryptocurrency. US regulators, including FINRA , the SEC , and the CFPB , have issued public advisories concerning digital asset risk. Cryptocurrency purchases should not be made with funds drawn from financial products including student loans, personal loans, mortgage refinancing, savings, retirement funds or traditional investments. Limitations apply to trading certain crypto assets and may not be available to residents of all states.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

2Terms and conditions apply. Earn a bonus (as described below) when you open a new SoFi Digital Assets LLC account and buy at least $50 worth of any cryptocurrency within 7 days. The offer only applies to new crypto accounts, is limited to one per person, and expires on December 31, 2023. Once conditions are met and the account is opened, you will receive your bonus within 7 days. SoFi reserves the right to change or terminate the offer at any time without notice.

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Low High
$50 $99.99 $10
$100 $499.99 $15
$500 $4,999.99 $50
$5,000+ $100

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