Closing a Credit Card With a Balance: What to Know

Closing a Credit Card With a Balance: What to Know

Closing a credit card with a balance remaining is possible to do. However, keep in mind that even if your credit card account is closed, you’ll still have to pay off the remaining balance. Additionally, you’ll need to cover interest that’s accrued as well as any fees, and you could face other consequences, including losing out on rewards and seeing potential impacts to your credit score.

Still, there are instances when closing a credit card can be the right move. If you’re thinking about closing a credit card account with an outstanding balance, you’ll want to weigh these considerations — and also ensure you have a plan for paying off your remaining balance.

Recommended: How to Avoid Interest On a Credit Card

What Happens If You Close a Credit Card Account With a Balance?

Once you’ve closed a credit card account with a balance, you’ll no longer be able to use that card to make purchases. Beyond that, here’s what else you can expect after your account closure.

Payment of Balance and Interest

Perhaps the most important thing to keep in mind when a credit card is closed with balance is that you’re still liable for the credit card balance you’ve racked up. You’ll also owe any interest charges that have accrued on your outstanding balance.

As such, expect to continue receiving monthly statements from your credit card issuer detailing your balance, accrued interest, and minimum payment due. And until you’re absolutely positive your debt is paid off, keep on checking your credit card balance regularly.

Recommended: What is a Charge Card

Loss of Promotional APR

If the card you closed offered a promotional interest rate, this offer will likely come to an end. If you’ve been carrying a balance on a credit card, your balance could start to accrue interest. Plus, you may have to pay the standard APR on the remaining balance rather than the lower promotional rate.

Recommended: Can You Buy Crypto With a Credit Card

Loss of Rewards

Before you move forward with canceling a credit card that offers rewards like points or airline miles, make sure you’ve redeemed any rewards you’ve earned. That’s because you may forfeit those rewards if you close your account.

Policies on this can vary from issuer to issuer though, so just make sure to check with your credit card company to be safe rather than sorry.

How Closing Credit Cards With Balances Can Impact Your Credit

There are a number of ways that closing credit card accounts with a balance can adversely affect your credit score given how credit cards work. Closed accounts in good standing will remain on your credit report for 10 years, whereas those with derogatory marks may fall off after seven years.

For starters, closing your account could drive up your credit utilization ratio, one of the factors that goes into calculating your score. This ratio is determined by dividing your total credit balances by the total of all of your credit limits. Losing the available credit on your closed account can drive up this ratio.

Further, closing your account can impact your credit mix, as you’ll have one fewer line of credit in the mix. It also could decrease your length of credit history if the card you closed was an old one.

That being said, the impacts can vary depending on your credit profile and the credit scoring model that’s being used. If, after closing your account, you pay off your account balance in a timely manner and uphold good credit behavior across other accounts, your score can likely bounce back.

Recommended: What is the Average Credit Card Limit

Is Keeping the Credit Card Account Open a Better Option?

In some scenarios, it may make sense to keep your credit card active, even if you don’t plan on spending on the card. Here’s when opting against closing your credit card account might be the right move:

•   When you can switch credit cards: If your card carrier allows it, you might be able to switch to a different credit card it offers rather than closing out your account entirely. This might make sense if you’re worried about your card’s annual fee, for instance. You’ll still owe any outstanding debt on the old credit card, which will get moved over to the new card (the same goes if you happen to have a negative balance on a credit card).

•   When you have unused credit card rewards: With a rewards credit card, closing the account may jeopardize the use of earned rewards. Avoid that scenario by keeping the credit card active until you’ve used up all the rewards earned on your current credit card, or at least until you’ve transferred them to a new credit card, if that’s an option.

•   When you don’t use the credit card: Even if you don’t use your credit card, or use it sparingly, keeping the card open can help your credit score. This is because creditors and lenders usually look more favorably on credit card users who don’t rack up significant credit card debt, which is why maintaining a low credit utilization ratio is one of the key credit card rules to follow.

That being said, there are certainly some scenarios when it can make sense to say goodbye to your credit card account. Here’s when to cancel your credit card, or at least consider it:

•   You want to avoid the temptation to spend.

•   You want to stop paying your card’s annual fee.

•   The card’s interest rate is rising.

•   You’d like to have fewer credit card accounts to manage.

Guide to Paying Off a Credit Card Balance

No matter what you do with your credit card account, you’re going to have to pay down your credit card debt. That scenario grows more important with a closed card account, which can easily be forgotten — along with the debt you owe.

To avoid making that mistake, here are some options you can explore to pay off your closed credit account with a balance as soon as possible.

Recommended: Tips for Using a Credit Card Responsibly

Debt Consolidation Loans

A personal loan at a decent interest rate can make it easier to curb and eliminate your card debt. Once the funds from the loan hit your bank account, you can use the cash to pay off all your credit card debts. Then, you’ll only have to keep track of paying off that one loan with fixed monthly payments, making it easier to manage.

Keep in mind that you’ll generally need good credit to secure a personal loan with competitive terms though.

Recommended: When Are Credit Card Payments Due

Balance Transfer Credit Cards

A balance transfer card with a 0% introductory interest rate can buy you some time when paying down debt. You can transfer your existing debt to the new card, allowing you to pay down credit card debt at a lower interest rate, without racking up any additional interest payments during the promotional period.

Just make sure to pay off the entire balance before the card’s introductory interest rate period ends, and the interest rate rises significantly. Otherwise, you may be right back where you started — with high credit card debt and a high interest rate. Also note that a ​​ balance transfer fee will likely apply.

Debt Avalanche or Snowball

For credit card debt repayment, consider the debt avalanche or snowball approach.

With the avalanche debt repayment method, you prioritize paying off your credit card with the highest interest rate first. Meanwhile, you’ll maintain minimum payments on all of your other debts. Once your highest-rate debt is paid off, you’ll roll those funds over to tackle your balance with the next highest interest rate.

The snowball method, on the other hand, is all about building up momentum toward debt payoff. Here, you pay as much as possible each month toward your credit card with the lowest outstanding balance, while making minimum payments on all of your other outstanding debts. When the smallest debt is paid off completely, repeat the process with the next smallest balance.

Debt Management Plan

If you’re still having trouble paying down your credit card either before or after you close the account, that could be a red flag signaling that you need help. In this case, consider reaching out to an accredited debt management counselor who can set you on the right path to credit debt insolvency.

In addition to helping you create a debt management plan, a credit counselor can help by negotiating a better deal on interest rates and lower monthly payments. That could result in paying down your credit card debt more quickly, which not only saves you money, but also helps protect your credit score.

Recommended: Does Applying For a Credit Card Hurt Your Credit Score

The Takeaway

If you decide to close your credit card account with a balance, it’s critical to do so in a way where your debt obligations are covered and your credit score is well-protected. The key to doing the job right is to work with your card company, keep a close eye on outstanding balances and payment deadlines, and work aggressively to pay your card debt down as quickly as possible.

Since closing a credit card can have consequences, it’s especially important to consider a credit card carefully before you apply.

The SoFi Credit Card offers unlimited 2% cash back on all eligible purchases. There are no spending categories or reward caps to worry about.1



Take advantage of this offer by applying for a SoFi credit card today.

FAQ

Can you close a credit card with a balance?

Closing a credit card with a balance is possible. However, you’ll still be responsible for the outstanding balance on the card, as well as any interest charges and fees.

Does it hurt your credit to close a credit card with a balance?

Closing your credit card with a balance remaining has the potential to impact your credit score. However, the exact implications for your score can vary depending on your overall credit profile and which credit scoring model is being used.

Is it better to close a credit card or leave it open with a zero balance?

That depends on your personal situation. Closing a card for good may impact your credit score, but you also won’t be able to use the card again and risk racking up unwanted debt in the process.

What happens if you close a credit card with a negative balance?

If you close a credit card with a negative balance, that means the card issuer owes you money instead of vice versa. In this situation, the card issuer will typically refund you that money before closing out the account.

How do I close a credit card without hurting my credit score?

You can mitigate the impacts of closing your account by paying off the balance on that account and all other credit card accounts you have. If you have $0 balances, then closing your account and losing that available credit won’t affect your credit utilization rate.


Photo credit: iStock/staticnak1983

1Members earn 2 rewards points for every dollar spent on purchases. No rewards points will be earned with respect to reversed transactions, returned purchases, or other similar transactions. When you elect to redeem rewards points into your SoFi Checking or Savings account, SoFi Money® account, SoFi Active Invest account, SoFi Credit Card account, or SoFi Personal, Private Student, or Student Loan Refinance, your rewards points will redeem at a rate of 1 cent per every point. For more details please visit the Rewards page. Brokerage and Active investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, member FINRA/SIPC. SoFi Securities LLC is an affiliate of SoFi Bank, N.A.

1See Rewards Details at SoFi.com/card/rewards.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

The SoFi Credit Card is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A. pursuant to license by Mastercard® International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SOCC0722008

Read more

Refinancing Student Loans to Buy a Car

If you’re thinking about buying a car, it’s important to consider how the purchase will fit into your overall financial responsibilities, including student debt. You’ll want to be sure you can afford both the cost of the car and the ongoing expense of driving and maintaining it.

Refinancing student loans to buy a car is one option that may allow you to free up money to put toward the cost of a car or monthly car payments. Here’s what to know about refinancing student loans to buy a car, if you can use student loans to buy a car, and how to make the choice that’s right for you.

Can I Use Student Loans to Buy a Car?

Federal student loans (and many private ones) are for “qualified” educational expenses, such as tuition, room and board, and books and supplies. And while the cost of transportation (for example, commuting to school) is considered a qualified expense, purchasing a car is not.

So can you use student loans to buy a car if you’re using the car to drive to class? No – only an allowance for the cost of driving the car to school would be an eligible expense. It’s an important distinction: A borrower caught misusing student loan funds can face serious repercussions, including having their loan revoked and the balance becoming immediately due.

Some private loans may have broader criteria for what constitutes an educational expense, and fewer penalties for how you use the loans. Still, using a private student loan to buy a car may not be the most efficient or smartest use of funds. You may end up paying more interest than you would on a typical car loan, and then have fewer funds to go toward the educational expenses you need.

So what do you do if you have student debt and need to buy a car? Refinancing may be an option, and can free up money in your budget to open a car loan. Here’s what to consider before refinancing student loans to buy a car.

Recommended: Should I Buy a New or Used Car?

Refinancing Student Loans to Buy a Car

When you refinance a student loan, you pay off all or some of your loans with a new loan with new terms from a private lender. The primary benefit of refinancing is that you can save money over the life of the loan if you’re able to lower your interest rate.

You can also change the terms of your payment, potentially spreading your payment over a longer period of time, and paying less each month. If you go this route, however, you may end up paying more in interest over the life of your loan.

Refinancing student loans can help lower your monthly payments and have more room in your budget to cover the costs of a car. However, it’s important to understand that if you refinance federal student loans, you’ll lose access to federal benefits and protections, such as income-driven repayment plans and forgiveness. If you’re planning to take advantage of any of these federal programs, refinancing is likely not a good option for you.

Pros of Refinancing Student Loans to Buy a Car

Considering the pros and cons of refinancing student loans to buy a car can help you decide if this choice is right for you. You’ll want to be able to cover the costs of the car as you continue to pay your student loans back. Some of the pros of refinancing a student loan to buy a car include:

Lower Monthly Student Loan Payments Can Offset Car Costs

Refinancing your student loans can lower your monthly student loan payment if you’re able to secure a lower interest rate or extend your loan term. A lower monthly student loan payment can mean that you have more funds to cover the costs of buying or maintaining a new car.

Recommended: Guide to Student Loan Refunds

As mentioned, lowering your interest rate can save you money over the life of a loan. Extending your loan term may not save you money, but it can free up cash to have more funds to put toward the costs of a car.

Simplified Payments Can Make Tracking Car Expenses Easier

When you refinance multiple loans into a single new loan, you’ll have one new monthly payment. This can make it easier to keep track of your student loan payments and be sure you’re making them on time.

And if you’re looking for ways to get a car loan, having a simplified student loan payment can make budgeting easier as you add a new loan to the mix. As mentioned earlier, you may find lower interest rates on car loans than what you’re paying on your student loans — another reason using student loans funds toward car expenses may not be the best choice even if they’re allowed according to your loan terms.

Saving Money on Student Loans Can Help Pay for a Car

Many people explore refinancing even when they don’t need to make an immediate purchase like a car. That’s because refinancing may help save money over the life of the loan if you can lower your interest rate.

And while applying for student loans can be arduous, applying to refinance student loans is relatively straightforward. You can check your rate and get an estimate of loan terms before you officially apply, and an application can generally be completed online. You can also compare refinancing rates without triggering a hard credit check—a credit check is only done once a formal loan application is submitted.

Cons of Refinancing Student Loans to Buy a Car

While refinancing student loans to buy a car can be one way to cover car payments when you have existing student debt, there are cons to this option as well. Here are some of the cons of refinancing a student loan to buy a car.

Recommended: How To Save Up For a Car

Losing Access to Original Loan Terms

If you refinance your loans, you lose access to the terms of the original loan. This may be important to consider if you’re refinancing federal loans.

Refinancing federal loans not only means potentially missing out on federal forgiveness or repayment programs, but also the opportunity for deferment or forbearance if you qualify.

As mentioned earlier, if you plan to take advantage of federal programs, refinancing is likely not a good option for you. Some people may choose only to refinance private loans.

Repayment May Take Longer

If you extend the length of your student loan term when you refinance to lower your monthly payments to offset the costs of a new car, it will take longer to repay your loan and you may end up paying more in interest over the life of the loan.

Overstretching Your Budget

It’s important to make sure that you can afford any car loan that you take out. If you’re planning on getting a car loan or leasing a car, will you be able to comfortably cover your student loans, the car payment, and other bills? What would happen if you were to lose a job or source of income? Those questions can help you assess whether a car payment would stretch you financially.

A borrower who can’t make the payments risks having the car repossessed and damaging their credit. If you ever think you’ll miss a monthly car payment, reach out to your lender to find out what your options are. Down the road, refinancing your car loan is also an option if you’re able to secure better terms.

Pros of refinancing student loans to buy a car Cons of refinancing student loans to buy a car
Lower monthly student loan payments can offset car costs Losing access to federal benefits and protections if you refinance federal loans
Simplified payments can make tracking car expenses easier Longer repayment time if you extend your term
Saving money on student loans can help pay for a car Overstretching your budget if you’re not able to afford the costs of a new car

Recommended: Passive Income Ideas

Refinancing Your Student Loans With SoFi

When you need a new car, you may need to rethink your finances in order to cover the costs. Refinancing student loans to buy a car is one option that can help you free up funds. You may be able to lower your monthly payments and save money over the life of the loan if you qualify for a lower interest rate. You can calculate your potential savings using a student loan refinance calculator.

Refinancing can be a good option if you’re able to qualify for a lower interest rate and are not planning to use any federal programs. When you refinance a federal loan, you lose access to federal benefits and protections.

If you’re considering refinancing your student loans, SoFi offers flexible terms, competitive rates, and no fees.

Learn more about whether refinancing student loans with SoFi is right for you.

FAQ

Do car dealerships look at student loans?

Your student loans appear on your credit report. If you apply for a car loan from a dealership, then they may be able to see your payment history and your credit score on your credit report. Student loans also count toward your debt-to-income ratio which may affect your ability to secure a car loan.

Does financing a car affect student loans?

Financing a car won’t affect your current student loans, but consider how taking on another loan will impact your finances. It’s important to be certain that you’ll be able to pay both your student loan payments and any new car loan payments on time. Refinancing a student loan can help offset the costs of a new car if you can save money by qualifying for a lower interest rate. It can be a good option if you’re refinancing private loans or not planning to take advantage of any federal programs.

Is it smart to buy a car after college?

Buying a car after college is a personal decision. But keep in mind that a lot can change in a few years, and a new car or a lease may be a liability if your plans change. It may make sense to consider buying a used car or holding off on buying a car until you have a sense of what your commute and lifestyle will look like.


Photo credit: iStock/LeoPatrizi

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are a federal student loan borrower, you should consider all of your repayment opportunities including the opportunity to refinance your student loan debt at a lower APR or to extend your term to achieve a lower monthly payment. Please note that once you refinance federal student loans you will no longer be eligible for current or future flexible payment options available to federal loan borrowers, including but not limited to income-based repayment plans or extended repayment plans.


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.

SOSL0222005

Read more
What Is a Tradeline on a Credit Report?

What Is a Tradeline on a Credit Report?

A tradeline is the term used by the three major credit reporting bureaus — Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion — to describe any one of the accounts listed on your credit report. Each account has its own tradeline, and each tradeline contains information about the creditor, your account, and your debt.

Tradelines make up a good portion of your credit report, which means the information within them plays a big role in determining your credit score. And, as you probably know, your credit score is an important number that can prove your creditworthiness and help you snag lower rates on loans, among other benefits.

The more you understand about what a tradeline is and what creditors see when they read your credit report, the better equipped you’ll be to use that information to maintain the best credit score possible.

So to help you with that pursuit, let’s look at:

•   What a credit tradeline is and how it works

•   What information is reported by your creditors

•   How tradelines can impact your credit and banking

•   The risks and rewards of buying tradelines

•   Alternatives to credit tradelines

What Is a Credit Tradeline?

If you’re wondering, “What is a credit tradeline?” you are probably not alone. It’s not an everyday personal finance term. So let’s define it: A tradeline in a credit report is a record for each of the credit accounts that you have. This includes revolving credit accounts, such as credit cards, and installments loans, such as student loans, auto loans, mortgages, and personal loans.

Each tradeline may contain a host of information reported by the creditor about themselves and your debt.

Recommended: Tips for Using a Credit Card Responsibly

What Information Is Reported by a Creditor?

When it comes to knowing what a tradeline is on a credit report, you may be surprised by just how much intel is shared. Quite a lot of information is reported about a creditor and your debt. The list includes:

•   Creditor’s name and address

•   Type of account

•   Partial account number

•   Date the account was opened

•   The account’s current status

•   Date of latest activity

•   Original loan amount

•   Credit limit

•   Current or recent balance

•   Monthly payment

•   Payment history

•   Date the account was closed, if this situation applies

By looking at a tradeline, you can view all of the most recent information reported by your creditors to the three credit reporting bureaus, all in one place. This is the information that will have an impact on your credit score.

Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.

Open a SoFi Checking and Savings Account with direct deposit and get up to a $300 cash bonus. Plus, get up to 4.60% APY on your cash!


Recommended: When Are Credit Card Payments Due

What Other Information Is Gathered by the Credit Bureaus?

In addition to the information listed above, the credit reporting bureaus will also gather:

•   Personal information, including your name, date of birth, Social Security number, home address, phone number and employer

•   Information from the public record, including bankruptcies

•   Who has made recent inquiries about your credit and when (for example, if you’ve applied for new credit and a hard inquiry has been made)

The credit bureaus don’t know everything about you, however. They don’t have access to information such as your income, bank account balances, or marital status, though the report could include a spouse’s name if a creditor reports it.

How a Credit Tradeline Works

Tradelines are like the heartbeat of your credit report. Without them, you can’t have a score. If you are keeping your credit utilization low (that is, keeping your balance low vs. your limit on credit cards), paying your bills on time, and showing that you are a dependable borrower, your tradelines will be positive. Your three-digit credit-score number will be in good shape.

If, on the other hand, you pay your bills late, skip payments, and rack up loads of debt, your tradelines will reveal negative information. Your score is likely to be low or decline.

What Are Tradelines for Credit Used for?

So now you understand that your credit score is calculated based on the information provided in your tradelines. Let’s take it a step further in terms of how tradelines for credit are used.

Creditors use your score to help them determine whether or not to extend credit to you and what terms and interest rates they’re willing to offer. Good credit is important. For example, if you have a good credit score, your lender may see you as less of a risk and offer a lower interest rate on a loan. Higher risk loan applicants with lower scores may be offered much higher rates. In other words, buying a car or home will be that much more expensive if your score is low.

While your credit score gives lenders an overall sense of the shape of your personal finances and credit history, it doesn’t give them any details. For those, they may look at individual tradelines contained within your credit report.

How Tradelines May Affect Your Credit and Banking

Your tradelines have a direct impact on your credit, since activity within the account is used to calculate your credit score.

Here’s a closer look at the five factors used to generate your FICO score, and the weightings used for each.

•   Payment history: 35%

•   Amounts owed: 30%

•   Length of credit history: 15%

•   New credit: 10%

•   Credit mix: 10%.

Any credit activity that pertains to one of those categories can have an impact on your score when reported in your tradeline. For example, delinquent payments could damage your credit history. Or closing an account may have an impact on your length of credit history.

When Are Credit Tradelines Removed?

From time to time, a tradeline can be removed from your credit report. For example, if you’re an authorized user of a credit card and you are removed from the account, the tradeline will be dropped from your credit report in about two months.

When you close an account, the tradeline isn’t removed immediately. In fact, if that account has a positive impact on your credit score, the tradeline may stay on your report for as long as 10 years. Nice!

Worth noting: If a tradeline was opened fraudulently — someone opened a credit line or took on a loan in your name without your knowledge — you may ask to have the tradeline removed. In fact, it can be a very good idea to do so. It can help boost your credit score since many fraudulent accounts contain negative credit information.

What Happens to Your Banking When a Tradeline Is Removed?

Removing a tradeline can be a positive or negative thing for your credit. If the tradeline was associated with positive information, removing it can hurt your credit. Luckily, a positive closed account stays on your report for a decade.

Closing an account with negative information can be a plus for your credit score. If an account is delinquent when it’s closed, the entire account will be removed after seven years.

How Is This Information Collected?

Creditors report the information collected in the tradelines to the credit reporting bureaus. They do so voluntarily, at their discretion, and on their own timeline, though the credit bureaus prefer that credit information is updated every month.

Each credit bureau may use different sourcing for the information they gather. What’s more, while some creditors will report to all three bureaus, some may only report to two, one, or even none of them.

Why You Should Check for Errors

As we’ve mentioned above, your tradelines are the source of information that determines your credit score. So it’s important to check your credit report regularly to make sure that there are no errors negatively impacting your score. Inaccurate information could also be a sign of identity theft.

You can request one free credit report from each of the three major credit reporting bureaus each year, according to the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act. Since you can get three reports each year, you could even request one report every four months, to help ensure your finances are as up-to-date as possible. A popular site to check your credit report is Annualcreditreport.com .

You may also consider signing up with a credit score monitoring service.

Can You Buy New Tradelines?

Some companies will offer the opportunity to buy tradelines to boost your score. It’s not necessarily advisable to purchase from these third-party services.

Here’s how they work. First, a little background info: When you’re trying to build credit, one common strategy is to become an authorized user on an already existing account. For example, your parents might make you a user on their credit card. Good credit history and maintaining a low balance on this account could help you build credit.

When you purchase a tradeline, you enter into a similar agreement with a stranger. You’ll pay a third-party service to set up the transaction. You won’t know the person whose account you’re joining, and you will not be able to use the account. The account will usually remain open to you for a short period of time only.

You are paying for the privilege of being on this account, which will supposedly help raise your credit rating.

Is Buying Tradelines Legal?

Technically speaking, buying tradelines through a reliable tradeline service is legal. Congress has said that under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, authorized users cannot be denied on existing credit accounts, even if the person being authorized is a stranger.

That said, there are times when working with a tradeline service can lead to serious issues.

For example, a company may say you can hide bad credit or a bankruptcy using a credit privacy number. In reality, this might be someone else’s Social Security number, landing you in the middle of an identity theft scam.

You might also find yourself buying into an account that’s gone into default. You could end up as the primary owner of the account, which could hurt your credit.

Also, watch out for companies that use a process called address merging in which the company claims the authorized user (that would be you) lives at the same address as the account holder. This is fraudulent, and it indicates that you are not working with a reliable company.

Risks of Buying Credit Tradelines

Whenever you give out your personal information, including to a tradeline supplier, you are putting yourself at risk of identity theft.

By attempting to take a shortcut to build credit, you also won’t be doing yourself any favors. Beyond the risk of identity theft and other entanglements, you’ll be robbing yourself of the chance to build good financial habits. And this could come back to bite you in the end if you never learn to manage debt responsibly on your own.

How Banking Can Improve Your Credit Report

If you’re looking to improve your credit score, there are a number of alternatives to buying tradelines that you can pursue.

•   Always pay your bills on time. Your payment history makes up the bulk of your credit score. Pay close attention to your checking account and bills; make sure you can and do make regular debt payments on time and in full. Consider automated bill pay to help ensure you never miss a payment.

•   Pay down debts. Your available credit plays a large role in the calculation of your credit score. Your credit card utilization ratio, as we mentioned above, shows how much or your available credit you’re using. You can calculate your ratio by dividing credit card balance by loan limit. If your utilization rate is over 30%, improve your credit score by paying down your balance. Aim to keep your score at under 10%.

•   Check your credit reports regularly. Learn to read your credit report. Alert the credit bureaus to any inaccuracies. Your credit score should change for the better shortly after a mistake is corrected.

Alternatives to Credit Tradelines

If you’re trying to build credit over time, there are also alternatives to tradelines.

•   Become an authorized user. You may wonder, “Isn’t this what purchasing a tradeline is?” The answer is yes, but it’s far better to become an authorized user on the account of someone you know well or are related to. You’ll have the opportunity to use the account and learn healthy credit habits. Just don’t abuse this privilege.

•   Apply for a secured credit card. Secured credit cards require you to make a security deposit to receive a line of credit. This deposit often becomes your credit limit. These cards are easier for people with no credit history to qualify for, and they help you build credit.

•   Get credit for paying bills. You might look into services that allow you to get credit for on-time payment of bills that usually don’t count towards your credit score. This may include bills for everything from your utilities to your streaming service.

The Takeaway

The tradeline for each of your revolving credit or installment accounts contains all the information necessary to generate your credit score. Understanding your tradelines can help you understand the ways in which you can boost your score. Manage those tradelines well, and you may unlock lower interest rates on loans and other elements of financial health.

Here’s another way to boost your financial health: by banking with SoFi. Our linked Checking and Savings accounts, when opened with direct deposit, earn you a top-notch APY so your money grows faster. And we don’t cut into those earnings with fees, either. We won’t charge you monthly, minimum-balance, or overdraft (up to $50) fees.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall. Enjoy up to 4.60% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

Are tradelines good for credit?

The information contained with your tradelines is used to generate your credit score. It reflects how well you manage credit and can therefore be either good or bad, depending on whether you have been paying back debt on time and how much debt you are carrying.

How much will a tradeline boost my credit?

Adding a tradeline can actually lower your credit in the short-term. For example, it will lower the average age of your accounts, which can have a negative impact on your length of credit history. However, if you can maintain the account over the long-term and keep up with payments, the new account may provide a boost to your credit score.

How do I get tradelines on my credit?

Tradelines are added to your credit report when you open new lines of credit or take out new loans. A tradeline is also added when you become an authorized user on another person’s account.


SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.


SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Photo credit: iStock/miniseries
SOBK0422009

Read more

What Is APR for Student Loans and How Is It Calculated

Student loans are complicated, especially when it comes to figuring out how much the loan will actually cost you over time. APR, or annual percentage rate, reflects the total cost of borrowing a loan including the interest rate and any fees.

Knowing how APR formulas affect your student loans is an important part of maintaining financial health, and can even help you decide whether or not you should look into alternative loan repayment strategies, like consolidation or refinancing.

What Is APR For Student Loans?

As briefly mentioned, your annual percentage rate, known as “APR,” is the interest and fees you are responsible for paying on your student loan balance over the course of a year. The APR formula shows you your actual cost of borrowing, including your interest rate and any extra fees or costs, like origination fees or forbearance interest capitalization.

APR vs Interest Rate on Student Loans

The interest rate on your student loan is the amount your lender is charging you for the loan, expressed as a percentage of the amount you borrowed. For example, the interest rate for Federal Direct Subsidized Loans and Unsubsidized Direct Loans is currently 4.99%, which means that you would be responsible for paying your lender 4.99% of the amount of money you borrowed in yearly interest.

That 4.99%, however, does not include other costs that are considered in the APR formula, including disbursement costs. For loans with no fees, it is possible that the APR and interest rate will match. But in general, when comparing APR vs interest rate, the APR is considered a more reliable and accurate explanation of your total costs as you pay off your student loans. If you’re shopping around for student loans or planning to refinance your loans, the APR offered can help you decide which lender you would like to work with.

Recommended: Student Loan Info for High Schoolers

An Example of How APR Is Calculated for Student Loans

Let’s say you take out a student loan for $20,000 with an origination fee of $1,000 and an interest rate of 5%. An origination fee is the cost the lender may charge you for actually disbursing your loan, and it is usually taken directly out of the loan balance before you receive your disbursement.

So, in this example, even though you took out $20,000, you would only receive $19,000 after the disbursement fee is charged. Even though you only receive $19,000, the lender still charges interest on the full $20,000 you borrowed.

The APR accounts for both your 5% interest rate and your $1,000 origination fee to give you a new number, expressed as a percentage of the loan amount you borrowed. That percentage accurately reflects the true costs to the consumer. (In this example, if the loan had a 10-year term, the APR would be 6.124% .)

What Is a Typical Student Loan APR?

For federal student loans, interest rates are determined annually by Congress. Federal loans also have a disbursement fee, which is a fee charged when the loan is disbursed.

APRs for federal student loans may vary depending on the loan repayment term that the borrower selects. Federal student loans are eligible for a variety of repayment plans, some of which can extend up to 25 years. Generally speaking, the longer the repayment term, the larger amount of interest the borrower will owe over the life of the loan.

Typical APR for Private Student Loans

The interest rate on private student loans will vary by lender and so will any fees associated with the loan. As of July 2022, APRs on private student loans may vary from around 3% to upwards of 14% for fixed interest rates.

The interest rate you qualify for is generally determined by a variety of personal factors including your credit score, credit history, and income, among other factors. In addition to varying APRs, private student loans don’t offer the same benefits or borrower protections available for federal student loans — things like income-driven repayment plans or deferment options. For this reason, they are generally considered only after all other sources of funding have been reviewed.

How to Find Your Student Loan APR

By law, lenders are required to disclose the APR on their loans — including student loans. These disclosures help you make smart financial choices about your loans and ensure that you’re not blindsided by mystery costs when you take out a loan.

For federal student loans, the government lists the interest rates and fees online, but make sure to carefully examine any loan initiation paperwork for your exact APR, which will depend on other factors including the amount you plan to borrow, the interest rate, and origination fees.

If you’re currently paying off federal student loans, your student loan servicer can tell you your APR. If you use online payments, you can probably see your APR on your student loan servicer’s website or on your monthly bill.

If you’re shopping around for private student loans, your potential lenders must disclose the APR in their lending offer to you. Your APR will vary from lender to lender depending on many factors, which can include your credit score, any fees the lender charges, and how they calculate deferred interest, which is any unpaid interest that your minimum payment doesn’t cover.

One student loan tip — compare quotes and offers from various lenders closely. Once you’ve decided on a lender and taken out a loan, your APR should be reflected on your loan paperwork and usually on your lender’s online payment system.

Recommended: Understanding a Student Loan Statement: What It Is & How to Read It

The Takeaway

APR is a reflection of the total amount you’ll pay in both interest rate and fees for borrowing a student loan. Interest rate is just the amount of interest you will be charged. On loans with no fees, it’s possible for the interest rate and APR to be the same. Interest rates and fees for different types of federal student loans are published, but individual APRs may vary based on the amount you borrow and the repayment term you select.

If you are looking for a private student loan, know that lenders are required to publish APR so that you can compare loans from different lenders. SoFi private student loans have competitive interest rates for qualifying borrowers and there are zero fees.

Learn more about student loans from SoFi.

FAQ

What is the APR on student loans?

APR or annual percentage rate is a reflection of the interest rate plus any fees associated with the loan. It provides a picture of the total cost of borrowing a loan and is helpful in comparing loans from different lenders.

Is the APR the same on subsidized and unsubsidized student loans?

The interest rate for unsubsidized and subsidized federal student loans is sent annually by Congress. These loans also have an origination fee. For the 2022-2023 school year the interest rate on Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized loans is 4.99% and the origination fee is 1.057%. The APR for your loan will be determined by factors including the repayment term you select.

What is the typical interest rate on private student loans?

Interest rates on private student loans vary based on a variety of factors such as the lender’s policies, and individual borrower characteristics such as their credit score and income, among other factors. As of July 2022, interest rates on fixed private student loans hovered around 3% to upwards of 14%


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOPS0222014

Read more
woman on couch with laptop

How Many Personal Loans Can You Have at Once?

Technically, there is no limit to how many personal loans you can have at once. Lenders may approve a second or third loan if the borrower has paid off part of the first loan and has a history of on-time repayment.

In fact, it’s fairly common for one loan to fall short of covering all of a borrower’s needs. Let’s say you’re remodeling your primary bathroom. You take out a $5,000 personal loan to cover the costs. But then you discover major plumbing issues that will cost thousands more to fix, making your $5,000 budget woefully inadequate.

What is someone in this situation supposed to do? Even if you can have more than one personal loan, should you? We’ll investigate when it makes sense to take out additional loans, and what the potential risks are.

Can You Have Multiple Personal Loans at Once?

There is no law against having multiple personal loans, either from the same bank or different lenders. However, some lenders limit the number of concurrent loans they’ll extend to an individual. Other lenders have no such limit, but do cap the total amount one person can borrow.

Personal loan interest rates tend to be low compared to the alternatives. So carrying multiple loans at once can be a smart way to avoid the trap of revolving credit.

However, many lenders allow individuals to take out additional loans only if they have paid off part of the initial balance of the first loan — three to six payments, for instance.

Does It Ever Make Sense to Have Multiple Loans?

It’s never a good idea to take on debt unnecessarily, but there are a few situations where taking out an additional personal loan might be your best option.

Let’s say you take out a personal loan to consolidate credit card debt — one of the more common reasons for applying for a personal loan. After a year of making payments, you and your spouse decide to start a family. But you need fertility treatments, which aren’t covered by your insurance. The doctor requires payment upfront and doesn’t offer payment plans. A personal loan may be preferable to running up credit card debt.

Similarly, say you need money for emergency home repairs, veterinary bills, or automotive repairs. If ignoring an expense will cause more financial challenges and emotional stress than taking on more debt, a new loan is a viable option.

Awarded Best Online Personal Loan by NerdWallet.
Apply Online, Same Day Funding


Ways Multiple Personal Loans Can Affect Your Credit

Any time you open a new loan, the repercussions ripple out to your credit report in a few different ways. First, opening a loan produces a hard inquiry on your credit report, and remains on it for two years.

Too many hard inquiries will affect your credit score, because the credit scoring models most commonly used will verify how recently and how often you’ve applied for credit. An uptick in both can, in turn, affect the interest rate available to you for a new loan.

Recommended: Can Personal Loans Hurt Your Credit?

Juggling multiple payments is another issue. An additional loan means another bill to pay every month. If you miss any payments — whether on your student loans, mortgage, credit cards, or personal loans — it can have consequences for your credit score. Payment history counts for a whopping 35% of your total FICO® Score. Beware of overborrowing when considering multiple loans.

Other Potential Complications

If you have multiple personal loans and are applying for a mortgage or other type of loan, your application could be denied because of your debt-to-income ratio (DTI). This ratio is calculated by adding up your monthly debt payments and dividing them by your monthly gross income.

Every lender will have different DTI requirements when considering someone for a loan, so check with your lender for specifics.

Getting Multiple Loans From the Same Lender

If you’re considering applying for a second loan from the same lender, you’ll first want to consider the following:

•   Ensure your current loan is in good standing. If you have missed or late payments, your lender can either decline your second loan application or charge you a higher interest rate.

•   Check whether your lender limits the number of outstanding personal loans, or caps the amount you can borrow.

•   Calculate your overall DTI, including any auto loans, mortgage, credit cards, and student loans. If the sum of all your monthly loan payments comes close to 50% of your income, another personal loan may not be in the cards. Many lenders recommend a DTI of no more than 36%.

If you believe you’ll meet the lender’s requirements for a second personal loan — and you feel comfortable making the additional monthly payment — getting an additional loan from the same lender could be the right strategy.

Recommended: Fixed vs. Variable Rate Loans

Qualifying for Another Personal Loan

Getting approved for a personal loan from another lender isn’t much different. While you won’t have to worry about a cap on the number of loans you have or the combined amount you can borrow, you will have to show that your DTI falls within recommended parameters.

The second lender will likely do a hard inquiry (or hard pull) on your credit report. They will see the payment history for your other personal loan, as well as other debt going back seven years. You can prepare by following the guidelines above in the first and third bullets.

Alternatives to Personal Loans

When you need to cover unexpected expenses, personal loans are a great resource — but not your only option. What’s right for you will depend on how much you want to borrow, and how long you’ll need to pay the money back. Here are some alternatives to personal loans you might consider.

•   Credit card. If your credit score is high, you can apply for a 0% APR credit card. The introductory rate is for a limited time — generally 12 to 18 months. If you can pay off the purchase by then, you’ll save a lot on interest.

•   Buy now, pay later (BNPL). Also known as a point-of-sale loan, BNPL gives you more time to pay off a large purchase — from several weeks to several years, sometimes at 0% interest. But terms and fees vary wildly, so make sure you understand what you’re signing up for.

•   401(k) loan. If you have funds in a 401(k) plan, you can borrow against them without any penalties — and the interest you’re charged goes back into your investment plan. This might make sense for short-term loans of 1 year or less.

•   Home equity loan. A home equity loan is a type of secured loan, meaning you offer your home as collateral in the event of default. These loans offer low fixed interest rates for those who qualify, as well as longer terms.

•   Payday loan. Also known as cash-advance loans, these are short-term, high-interest unsecured personal loans provided by small local merchants. Borrowers must show proof of income via a recent paycheck, but no credit check or collateral is required. The risks of payday loans are so great that many states have outlawed them.

The Takeaway

There is no law against having multiple personal loans. However, some lenders limit the number of concurrent loans they’ll extend to an individual, or cap the total amount one person can borrow. If you have two or more personal loans, having a solid repayment strategy helps prevent late payments and other potential problems. One of the simplest methods to avoid late payments is to set up automatic bill pay.

You may consider leveraging technology, such as SoFi Relay, to help keep track of your budget while you pay off these loans. If you’re looking to apply for a personal loan, consider seeing what options are available at SoFi. SoFi’s Personal Loans have absolutely no fees — no origination fees required, no prepayment fees, and no late fees.

Learn more about personal loans at SoFi.


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOPL0722008

Read more
TLS 1.2 Encrypted
Equal Housing Lender