What’s your number? That’s not a pickup line; it’s the digits a mortgage lender will want to know. Credit scores range from 300 to 850, and for most types of mortgage loans, it takes a score of at least 620 to open the door to homeownership. The lowest interest rates usually go to borrowers with scores of 740 and above whose finances are in good order, while a score as low as 500 may qualify some buyers for a home loan, but this is less common.
Key Points
• A credit score of at least 620 is generally needed to buy a house, but FHA loans may accept scores as low as 500 with a higher down payment.
• Paying attention to credit scores before applying for a mortgage can lead to lower monthly payments.
• A higher credit score can save borrowers money by securing lower interest rates over the loan’s term.
• When two buyers are purchasing a home together, lenders look at both buyers’ credits scores.
• Credit scores are not the only factor; lenders also evaluate employment, income, and bank accounts.
Why Does a Credit Score Matter?
Just as you need a résumé listing your work history to interview for a job, lenders want to see your borrowing history, through credit reports, and a snapshot of it, expressed as a score on the credit rating scale, to help predict your ability to repay a debt.
A great credit score vs. a bad credit score can translate to money in your pocket: Even a small reduction in interest rate can save a borrower thousands of dollars over time.
Do I Have One Credit Score?
You have many different credit scores based on information collected by Experian, Transunion, and Equifax, the three main credit bureaus, and calculated using scoring models usually designed by FICO® or a competitor, VantageScore®.
To complicate things, there are often multiple versions of each scoring model available from its developer at any given time, but most credit scores fall within the 300 to 850 range.
Mortgage lenders predominantly consider FICO scores. Here are the categories:
• Exceptional: 800-850
• Very good: 740-799
• Good: 670-739
• Fair: 580-669
• Poor: 300-579
Here’s how FICO weighs the information:
• Payment history: 35%
• Amounts owed: 30%
• Length of credit history: 15%
• New credit: 10%
• Credit mix: 10%
Mortgage lenders will pull an applicant’s credit score from all three credit bureaus. If the scores differ, they will use the middle number when making a decision.
If you’re buying a home with a non-spouse or a marriage partner, each borrower’s credit scores will be pulled. The lender will home in on the middle score for both and use the lower of the final two scores (except for a Fannie Mae loan, when a lender will average the middle credit scores of the applicants).
What credit score do you need to buy a house? If you are trying to acquire a conventional mortgage loan (a loan not insured by a government agency) you’ll likely need a credit score of at least 620.
With an FHA loan (backed by the Federal Housing Administration), 580 is the minimum credit score to qualify for the 3.5% down payment advantage. Applicants with a score as low as 500 will have to put down 10%.
Lenders like to see a minimum credit score of 620 for a VA loan.
A score of at least 640 is usually required for a USDA loan.
A first-time homebuyer with good credit will likely qualify for an FHA loan, but a conventional mortgage will probably save them money over time. One reason is that an FHA loan requires upfront and ongoing mortgage insurance that lasts for the life of the loan if the down payment is less than 10%.
Credit Scores Are Just Part of the Pie
Credit scores aren’t the only factor that lenders consider when reviewing a mortgage application. They will also require information on your employment, income, and bank accounts.
A lender facing someone with a lower credit score may increase expectations in other areas like down payment size or income requirements.
Other typical conventional loan requirements a lender will consider include:
Your down payment. Putting 20% down is desirable since it often means you can avoid paying PMI, private mortgage insurance that covers the lender in case of loan default.
Debt-to-income ratio. Your debt-to-income ratio is a percentage that compares your ongoing monthly debts to your monthly gross income.
Most lenders require a DTI of 43% or lower to qualify for a conforming loan. Jumbo Loans may have more strict requirements.
First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.
How to Care for Your Credit Scores Before Buying a House
Working to build credit over time before applying for a home loan could save a borrower a lot of money in interest. A lower rate will keep monthly payments lower or even provide the ability to pay back the loan faster.
Working on your credit scores may take weeks or longer, but it can be done. Here are some ideas to try:
1. Pay all of your bills on time. If you haven’t been doing so, it could take up to six months of on-time payments to see a significant change.
2. Check your credit reports. Be sure that your credit history doesn’t show a missed payment in error or include a debt that’s not yours. You can get free credit reports from the three main reporting agencies.
To dispute a credit report, start by contacting the credit bureau whose report shows the error. The bureau has 30 days to investigate and respond.
3. Pay down debt. Installment loans (student loans and auto loans, for instance) affect your DTI ratio, and revolving debt (think: credit cards and lines of credit) plays a starring role in your credit utilization ratio. Credit utilization falls under FICO’s heavily weighted “amounts owed” category. A general rule of thumb is to keep your credit utilization below 30%.
4. Ask to increase the credit limit on one or all of your credit cards. This may improve your credit utilization ratio by showing that you have lots of available credit that you don’t use.
5. Don’t close credit cards once you’ve paid them off. You might want to keep them open by charging a few items to the cards every month (and paying the balance). If you have two credit cards, each has a credit limit of $5,000, and you have a $2,000 balance on each, you currently have a 40% credit utilization ratio. If you were to pay one of the two cards off and keep it open, your credit utilization would drop to 20%.
6. Add to your credit mix. An additional account may help your credit, especially if it is a kind of credit you don’t currently have. If you have only credit cards, you might consider applying for a personal loan.
What credit score is needed to buy a house? The number depends on the lender and type of loan, but most homebuyers will want to aim for a score of 620 or better. An awesome credit score is not always necessary to buy a house, but it helps in securing a lower interest rate.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.
SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
†Veterans, Service members, and members of the National Guard or Reserve may be eligible for a loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by VA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. VA loans typically require a one-time funding fee except as may be exempted by VA guidelines. The fee may be financed or paid at closing. The amount of the fee depends on the type of loan, the total amount of the loan, and, depending on loan type, prior use of VA eligibility and down payment amount. The VA funding fee is typically non-refundable. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
If you’re one of the more than 20 million Americans working remotely, you might be tempted to buy a house out of state. Or maybe you just need a change of scenery.
Buying a house long distance can be a challenge, but it’s doable with a plan in place.
Key Points
• Millions of people are working remotely and may want to purchase a home out of state.
• To begin, research potential new locations online and engage with local communities through social media platforms like Nextdoor to gain insights about the area.
• Partner with a reliable real estate agent who knows the local market and can assist with navigating regulations and attending inspections.
• Consider visiting the location in person if possible.
• The closing process can now be easily handled online using remote notarization for efficiency.
Why Buy a House in Another State?
There are multiple reasons to consider a house in a different state. Here are some.
Affordability
People may be lured by the cost of living of a state and its quality of life, or trying to escape high costs in the state they are leaving.
More than 350,000 people left California (the country’s third-highest state in cost-of-living rankings) from April 2020 to January 2022 for Arizona, Texas, Florida, Washington, and other states. This trend slowed in 2023, but the state still lost more than 250,000 people.
Job Relocation
Some companies move personnel out of state, and some employees are good with that. A Graebel report exploring the Great Resignation found that 70% of knowledge workers who resigned in the past two years may have stayed if they’d been offered the same role in a different region of the country.
Family Reasons
Some folks choose to buy a house out of state to be closer to parents, children, or grandchildren. And people in their 40s,especially, may have aging parents and financial concerns on their minds.
Retirement
Americans entering retirement may want to buy a home in a state where the weather and lifestyle are more appealing. When it comes to a home, some may want to downsize.
How to Purchase a Home in Another State
Buying a house from out of state may be a challenge, but people do do it.
It can be tough to buy a house if you already have a house and a home mortgage loan. Homeowners have been known to use a home equity loan or bridge loan to fund the down payment on another house.
Areavibes, BestPlaces, and HomeSnacks provide rankings or information. Coldwell Banker introduced Move Meter, to compare locations across the country. Or you could use Google Maps or Google Earth to study an out-of-state home’s proximity to schools, medical centers, law enforcement agencies, parks, and restaurants.
2. Link Up to Social Media
Social media platforms like Facebook Groups and Nextdoor can provide a personal sense of home buying and community. These groups are user-friendly to newcomers, and many group members are happy to answer questions about life in their city or town.
3. Ask Co-Workers, Friends, or Family
If you’re moving out of state for a job, check in with future co-workers for advice about the homes and neighborhoods. If you’re moving near friends or family members, pick their brains. Is this going to be a good spot for you?
Moving is stressful enough. If you’re one of the growing number of people interested in financially downsizing, you may want to just exhale and enjoy when you land.
4. Consider Talking to a Relocation Specialist
Yes, home relocation professionals exist. And they do everything from connecting clients with a real estate agent to finding a long-distance moving company, scouring school districts, securing a storage space, and supervising a contractor’s work if the client is buying or building a house.
Relocation companies can also suggest local service providers and transport pets and vehicles across state lines.
Relocation services are often free of charge because the specialists earn their money from third-party vendors like real estate firms and employers transferring employees.
If you’re not inclined to hire a relocation specialist, here’s some helpful reading before making a big move:
You can look into the safety record of carriers on the U.S. Department of Transportation website.
5. Find a Reliable Real Estate Agent
A brave few who are interested in buying a house out of state opt to go without an agent.
It’s true that you can buy a house without a Realtor® — but even a local home sale may be challenging without a buyer’s agent in your corner.
Partnering with an experienced real estate agent who is based in the area where you hope to move could be highly beneficial.
Besides familiarity with neighborhoods, schools, and vibe, a buyer’s agent can walk a future homebuyer through local zoning regulations and the permit process.
6. Consider Visiting IRL
It’s not that rare to buy a house sight unseen. That can work out.
But someone looking to buy a house in a new state may want a real visit. You may receive short notice on a viewing date, so it could be helpful to budget for out-of-state travel as part of the buildup to buying a home in another state.
While a real estate agent can act as a proxy for homebuyers, there may be nothing like being onsite during the home inspection of a property you’ve made an offer on.
Then again, if you adore a property and must have it, you might waive some contingencies in the case of multiple offers.
7. Get Preapproved for a Mortgage
It can be easier to find a real estate agent or relocation specialist with a mortgage preapproval letter in hand.
When a lender preapproves a mortgage (a credit check and a review of financial assets is typical), it is tentatively greenlighting a specific home loan amount at a particular interest rate, which is not locked unless the lender offers a lock.
Obtaining preapproval tells home sellers that you’re qualified for a home loan up to a certain amount.
First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.
8. Handle the Closing Online
Get ready, because closing on a house may take only 20 or 30 days.
In some cases, everyone huddles to sign closing paperwork. Other times, buyers and sellers sign separately.
But most states have approved remote online notarization, when buyers join a video call, present their government-issued IDs to a title company rep and a notary, and sign all paperwork electronically.
The Takeaway
Buying a house out of state requires investigation and probably a good real estate agent. Getting preapproved for a mortgage can ease the path to a new address.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.
SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
A mortgage preapproval letter is usually good for 30 to 90 days, and some lenders will lock the rate for that time.
Having a letter of preapproval from a financial institution can help ensure that you’re ready to snap up a home you love.
Key Points
• Mortgage preapproval letters are valid for 30 to 90 days, depending on the lender and loan type.
• Interest rates may be locked during the preapproval period, providing cost stability.
• Preapproval helps you understand your homebuying budget and shows sellers you are a serious shopper.
• Updated financial information is required if preapproval expires.
• Renewing preapproval is usually not hard if your finances are unchanged.
What Is Mortgage Preapproval?
Mortgage preapproval has become an essential part of the home-buying process. Real estate agents often want to see a preapproval letter before showing houses.
A letter shows sellers that you are serious about buying their home — even if you’re a first-time homebuyer — and that a mortgage lender is likely to give you a home loan of a specific amount quickly.
The lender will review your credit history, credit score, income, debts, and assets to determine the amount you tentatively qualify for.
Preapproval will help you focus on homes that are in your price range. Knowing how much of a mortgage you can afford is important when you don’t want to waste time reviewing homes outside your range.
Mortgage Preapproval Process
The mortgage process starts informally for many would-be homebuyers.
Some buy into the 28% rule — spend no more than 28% of gross monthly income on a mortgage payment — and play with calculators like this home mortgage calculator with taxes and insurance or the one later in this article.
Seeking mortgage preapproval means you’re getting serious. First, you’ll need to understand the different types of mortgage loans — fixed rate, adjustable rate, conventional, government insured (FHA, VA, USDA), jumbo — and what you can qualify for.
Then you’ll need to apply for a loan from one to several lenders and provide a good deal of documentation. Each lender will perform a hard credit inquiry, and you’ll receive a loan estimate within three business days.
If you’re shopping for a home loan, allowing multiple mortgage companies to check your credit within 14 or 45 days, depending on the credit scoring model being used, will minimize the hit to your credit scores.
How Long Does It Take to Get Preapproved?
It usually takes seven to 10 business days to receive a preapproval letter after submitting all the requested information.
Mortgage Preapproval Letter
Other than stating the specific amount you’re preapproved for, a mortgage preapproval letter may outline stipulations to gain the loan, such as maintaining your employment or not taking on any additional debt.
How Long Does Mortgage Preapproval Last?
Some lenders will make a commitment of 60 or 90 days. That time frame tends to work, since homebuyers typically shop for a home for 10 weeks, according to the National Association of Realtors®.
Other lenders will issue preapproval for only 30 or 45 days.
Mortgage Prequalification vs. Mortgage Preapproval
Since they sound similar, it’s worth mapping out the difference between prequalification and preapproval.
Prequalification is a key first step, when borrowers tell lenders about their income, assets, and debts. Lenders use that unverified information, and usually a soft credit inquiry, to give a ballpark estimate of how much they might be willing to lend.
The response is quick: You can often get prequalified immediately or within a day or two. Just realize that prequalification does not mean that a lender is guaranteeing a loan.
• Income: Employees will need to provide pay stubs, W-2s, and tax returns from the past two years, as well as documentation of any additional income, such as work bonuses. Self-employed workers often need two years’ worth of records and a year-to-date profit and loss statement, although many lenders and loan programs are flexible.
• Assets and liabilities: You’ll need to provide proof of savings, investment accounts, and any properties. Lenders view assets as proof that you can afford your down payment and closing costs and still have cash reserves.
Lenders also look at monthly debt obligations to calculate your debt-to-income ratio.
• Credit score: Your credit score is a three-digit representation of your credit history.
Once your lender has reviewed the information, it may offer a preapproval letter. Importantly, receiving preapproval from a lender does not obligate you to use them.
First-time homebuyers can
prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan,
with as little as 3% down.
Estimate Your Mortgage Payment
Before you seek prequalification or preapproval, you might want to get an idea of how much your monthly mortgage payment could be. Use the mortgage calculator below to quickly see the difference in mortgage payments based on down payment, interest rate, and a 15- or 30-year term.
What Should I Do If My Mortgage Preapproval Expires?
Lenders put an expiration date on preapproval letters because they need to have your most up-to-date financial information on hand. The credit, income, debt, and asset items they reviewed for your preapproval typically need to be updated after the letter expires, and your credit may be checked again.
You can minimize the effect of “hard pulls” on your credit score by avoiding seeking a renewal when you’re not actively shopping for a home.
If your finances have mostly stayed the same, your lender is likely to renew your preapproval.
Finalizing Your Mortgage
If you find a house while your mortgage preapproval is still valid, you can choose a lender and move on to finalizing your mortgage application. At this point, in many cases, the lender will check again to see if there have been any changes in your financial situation.
The mortgage underwriter will review all the information, order an appraisal of the chosen property and a title report, and consider your down payment. Then comes the verdict: approved, suspended (more documentation is needed), or denied.
Your mortgage is officially approved when you receive a final commitment letter. A closing date can be scheduled. It generally takes 43 days to close on a house, but it could happen in as little as 20 days.
Buyers may want to minimize changes, like applying for other loans or credit, when a home loan is in underwriting.
The Takeaway
How long is mortgage preapproval good for? Often 30 to 90 days. Getting prequalified is a smart precursor to getting preapproved for a mortgage. Preapproval can give you a competitive edge in a tight home market, and helps you more clearly understand how your home mortgage loan will affect your monthly budget.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.
SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.
FAQ
How does mortgage preapproval affect my credit score?
The preapproval process involves a hard credit inquiry, which may cause a dip in your credit score. Each hard pull may lower your credit score but typically by less than five points. Multiple hard inquiries are usually counted as one inquiry as long as they are made within the same 14 to 45 days.
What’s the difference between mortgage prequalification and preapproval process?
Prequalification usually takes just minutes and requires you to provide only the most basic financial information in the application process. It also results in only a soft inquiry on your credit score. Preapproval will require more in-depth information, such as pay stubs and tax returns, and involves a hard credit inquiry. Getting preapproved may take a week or 10 days.
SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.
¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
†Veterans, Service members, and members of the National Guard or Reserve may be eligible for a loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by VA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. VA loans typically require a one-time funding fee except as may be exempted by VA guidelines. The fee may be financed or paid at closing. The amount of the fee depends on the type of loan, the total amount of the loan, and, depending on loan type, prior use of VA eligibility and down payment amount. The VA funding fee is typically non-refundable. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
Short-term financial goals are generally things you want to achieve within one to three years. They can be “one and done” in nature (say, “Save enough money for a Caribbean vacation”), or they might be incremental steps to much larger financial goals, such as beginning to save for a child’s college tuition).
Setting financial goals can be an important step toward achieving them. After all, it’s probably not enough to simply hope your dreams become reality. Making a plan can significantly increase the likelihood that you’ll meet the goal. It will focus you on what you want to attain and help guide you toward getting there.
Here are some common short-term financial goals you may want to adopt plus intel on how to achieve them.
Key Points
• Short-term financial goals are things you want to achieve within the next couple of years, such as paying off credit card debt or saving for a vacation or wedding.
• Building an emergency fund is an important short-term financial goal to cover unexpected expenses and avoid relying on high-interest credit cards.
• Budgeting can help you track your spending, prioritize your expenses, and work towards short-term financial goals.
• Paying down credit card debt is crucial as high-interest rates can hinder progress towards other financial goals.
• Contributing to your retirement fund, even in the short term, can have long-term benefits due to the power of compounding interest or dividends.
What Are Short-Term Financial Goals?
Short-term financial goals are typically objectives you want to attain within the next couple of years, unlike long-term financial goals (retirement, paying off a mortgage). Some examples of short-term financial goals include:
• Paying off credit card debt
• Saving for a vacation
• Saving for a wedding
• Stashing away money in an emergency fund.
Of course, goals will vary with your unique situation and . You might be totally focused on getting together enough money for the down payment on a new car, while your best friend might want to pay off their $10K in credit card debt.
Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.
No account or overdraft fees. No minimum balance.
Up to 4.20% APY on savings balances.
Up to 2-day-early paycheck.
Up to $2M of additional FDIC insurance.
6 Short-Term Financial Goals
Take a closer look at some of the most common short-term financial goals.
1. Build an Emergency Fund
Often, a short-term financial goal involves saving for an emergency fund. This kind of fund usually contains enough cash to cover three to six months’ (or more in some cases) worth of living expenses. The idea is that, just in case something unexpected comes up — such as job loss or a major car repair — you can afford your bills without resorting to high-interest forms of funding, such as credit cards.
Not only can an emergency fund keep you out of debt, it can provide peace of mind. Knowing that it’s in place and that it’s growing can be an important form of financial security. Some tips:
• You can build an emergency fund by putting some money towards it every month. Consider setting up a recurring automatic transfer to send whatever you can spare (even $20 per paycheck) to the fund.
• It can be wise to set up a separate savings account for your emergency fund so you won’t be tempted to spend it. Look for a high-yield savings account to help your money grow faster.
• To build your emergency fund more quickly, funnel a large payment, such as tax refund or bonus, right into this account. A money windfall can really help plump up your savings.
Getting a sense of how much you are actually earning, spending, and saving each month is a critical step in working towards both short-term and long-term financial goals.
You can do this by tracking your income and expenses for a couple of months, to see what is flowing into and out of your checking account.
This will help you make a budget that helps keep your finances on track to meet your daily expenses and short-term savings goals. A few ways to accomplish this:
• Review and test-drive a couple of budgeting techniques. One popular method is the 50/30/20 budget rule, which can guide you to put 50% of your take-home pay towards needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward saving. See if one type of budget clicks for you.
• You might use a budgeting app to help you connect your accounts, categorize where your money is going, and see at a glance how you are progressing toward your short-term financial goals. A good place to start: See what kinds of financial insights tools your bank provides. You may find just what you are looking for.
• Consider third-party budgeting apps. You might search online or ask trusted friends if they are using one that they would recommend.
Once you see where your money is actually going, you may discover some surprises (such as $200 a month on lunches out) and also find places where you can easily cut back. You might decide to bring lunch from home a few more days per week, for example. Or you might want to cut back on streaming services or ditch the gym membership and work out at home.
This money you free up can then be redirected towards your savings goals, like creating an emergency fund, buying a house, or funding your retirement.
3. Pay Down Credit Card Debt
Another important financial goal example is paying down credit card debt. If you carry a balance, you may want to make paying it off one of your top short-term financial goals. The reason: Credit card debt is typically high-interest debt. The average annual percentage rate, or APR, charged by credit cards was above 20% in mid-2024, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. That means that items you buy with a credit card could potentially cost you a hefty amount more than if you pay with cash.
What’s more, because the interest on credit card debt can be so costly, it can make achieving any other financial goals much more difficult. Here’s how you might work toward paying off your credit card debt:
• You could try the debt avalanche method, which involves paying the minimum on all but your highest-rate debt. You then put all available extra funds toward the card with the highest interest debt. When that one is paid off, you would roll the extra payment to the card with the next-highest interest rate, and so on. By knocking out your highest-interest debt first, you may be able to save a chunk of money.
• Another option for paying off debt is the debt snowball method. With this technique, you pay the minimum on all cards, but use extra money to pay off the debt with the smallest balance. When that’s paid off, you move to the next smallest debt and so on. This can give you a sense of accomplishment as you get rid of debt which in turn can help keep you motivated.
• You might consider consolidating your debt by taking out a personal loan to pay off all of your cards. These usually offer a lump sum of cash to be paid off in two to seven years at a lower interest rate than credit cards. Having only one payment each month can help simplify the payoff process.
If you feel your debt burden is too great to be resolved with these options, you might want to speak to a certified credit counselor for advice.
4. Pay Off Student Loans
Student loans can be a drag on your monthly budget. Paying down student loans, and eventually getting rid of these loans, can free up cash that will make it easier to save for retirement and other goals.
One strategy that might help is refinancing your student loans into a new loan with a lower interest rate. You can check your balances and interest rates across your federal and private loans, and then plug them into a student loan refinancing calculator to see if refinancing offers an advantage.
Keep in mind, however, that if you refinance federal student loans with a private loan, you will lose access to such benefits as deferment and forgiveness. Also, if you refinance your loans into one with a longer term, you could wind up paying more in interest over the life of the loan.
Also note that not all refinancing options are created equal. There are bad actors out there who might promise to get rid of all your debt but will only damage your credit score. If you do refinance your student loans, you’ll want to make sure you’re working with a reputable lender.
5. Focus on Your Retirement Fund
Yes, saving for retirement is typically a long-term goal, but if you’re not yet saving for retirement, a great short-term financial goal may be to start doing so. Or, if you’re putting in very little each month, you may want to work on upping the amount. Here are a couple of specific ideas:
• If your employer offers a 401(k) and gives matching funds, for example, it’s normally wise to contribute at least up to your employer’s match. You can then start increasing your contributions bit by bit each year.
• If you don’t have access to a 401(k), consider an individual retirement account, or IRA. You may be able to set up an IRA online and start funding your retirement there. (Keep in mind that there are limits to how much you can contribute to a retirement plan per year that will depend on your age and other factors.)
While retirement is a long-term vs. short-term financial goal, taking advantage of this savings vehicle can reduce your taxes starting this year. Here’s why: Money you put into a retirement fund likely offers tax advantages, such as lowering your taxable income.
Even more importantly, starting early can pay off dramatically down the line. Thanks to the power of compounding returns (when the money you invest earns returns, and that then gets reinvested and earns returns as well), monthly contributions to a retirement fund can net significant gains over time.
6. Begin to Build Wealth
If you already have an emergency fund, you may want to start thinking about what you are hoping to buy or achieve within the next several years, and also building your wealth in general. As you save money, think about where to keep it to help it grow. The power of compounding returns, as mentioned above, or compounding interest in the case of a bank account, can really help in this pursuit.
• For financial goals you want to reach in the next few months or years, consider putting this money in an online bank account that offers a high interest rate vs. a traditional savings account, but allows access when you need it. Options may include a HYSA (high-yield savings account, often found at online banks) or a money market account.
• For longer-term savings, you may want to look into opening a brokerage account. This is an investment account that allows you to buy and sell investments like stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. A taxable brokerage account does not offer the same tax incentives as a 401(k) or an IRA, but it is probably much more flexible in terms of when the money can be accessed.
Just keep in mind that there’s risk here: These funds will not be insured as accounts at a bank or credit union usually are. Bank or credit union accounts are typically insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) up to $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership category, per insured institution.
How Do You Create a Short-Term Financial Goal?
To create a short-term financial goal, identify what you want and how much money you need. Then, looking at your budget and seeing what cash you have available, see how long it will take to save up enough money. For instance, if you want to have $2,400 in a travel fund a year from now, you will need to put $200 a month aside. Check your cash flow and see where you can free up funds (maybe reduce takeout food and fancy coffees, for starters) to meet this goal.
How to Set SMART Financial Goals
In addition to the short-term financial goals examples and guidance above, there’s another way to think about this topic: using the acronym S.M.A.R.T. This system can help you both with identifying and achieving your goals. Here’s what this stands for and how considering your financial aspirations through this lens can be helpful:
• Specific: A goal should identify exactly what you are saving for, whether that’s paying off credit-card debt or buying a used car.
• Measurable: How much is your goal? How much do you need to save? Perhaps your credit card balance is $5,673. That would be your measurable goal.
• Attainable: Make sure your goal is realistic (you may not be able to pay off your entire credit card debt in a month or even a few months) and develop strategies to achieve it, such as working on alternate Saturdays to bring in more money (a benefit of a side hustle).
• Relevant: Check that your goal really matters to you and isn’t just something you’re doing to, say, keep up with your friend group. Do you really need to save towards a potentially budget-busting vacation?
• Time-bound: Set “by when” dates for your goals. This helps to keep you accountable. If you want to save $3,600 for an emergency fund within a year, figure out how you will come up with the $300 per month to put aside.
Using the SMART method can help you crystallize and achieve your short-term financial goals.
Difference Between Short-Term and Long-Term Financial Goals
In discussing short-term financial goals, it’s likely that you might wonder how these differ from long-term goals. Here are a few examples that can help clarify the aspirations above from those that require a longer timeline.
Examples of Long-Term Goals
• Save for retirement
• Pay off a mortgage
• Buy a second home or investment property
• Save for a child’s (or grandchild’s) college education
• Fund a business idea
• Take out life insurance and/or long-term care policies
Of course, long-term goals will vary from person to person. One individual might be focused on being able to retire at age 50 while another might aspire to make a significant charitable contribution.
The Takeaway
Short-term financial goals are the things you want to do with your money within the next few years. Some typical (and important) short-term goals include setting a budget, starting an emergency fund, and paying off debt. In addition, opening a retirement account and otherwise building wealth can be valuable goals, too.
Having the right banking partner can help you reach your near-term money goals. See what SoFi offers.
Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.
Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.20% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.
SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.20% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.
As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.
SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.
SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.
Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.
Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/31/2024. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.
SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.
Opening a checking and savings account, whether at an online bank, a brick-and-mortar one, or a credit union, can be a major step towards good money management. With an account set up, you’ll likely be able to receive your paycheck as a direct deposit, swipe a debit card to pay for purchases, and access tools to help you save towards some short-term goals.
But you may worry that you need a chunk of change to open an account. The truth is, though, that you may be able to start an account with zero cash deposited.
While each bank can set its own minimum deposits, some will let you open an account with a single dollar or even no money at all. Or you might encounter certain financial institutions or account types that require $100, $500, or more. You might even find that the account with the higher deposit minimum is the better fit for you.
To better understand minimum deposit and minimum balance requirements, read on.
Key Points
• Opening a bank account can be a significant step towards effective money management.
• Some banks allow opening an account with as little as $1 or even no money at all.
• Online banks often have lower or no minimum deposit requirements due to the absence of physical branches.
• Traditional brick-and-mortar banks might require a minimum deposit of $25 or more to open an account.
• Credit unions typically offer minimum opening deposits ranging from zero to $25.
How Much Do You Need to Open a Bank Account?
Let’s get down to the dollars and cents of this topic: How much money do you need to open a bank account?
Minimum Opening Deposit for Online Banks
When opening an online bank account, it’s typical to have low or $0 minimum initial deposits for a checking account. Because online banks don’t have to pay for physical locations, they typically are able to pass the savings along to their clients with lower or no minimum deposit requirements.
They may also offer other perks like an annual percentage yield (or APY) on a checking account or a higher APY than elsewhere on savings accounts.
Minimum Opening Deposit for Brick-and-Mortar Banks
If you were to open a bank account at a traditional bank (also known as a brick-and-mortar bank), on the other hand, you might need $25 or more for the initial deposit. And if you have two checking accounts at the same bank, it’s possible you might have to meet different initial deposits for each one.
Jumbo or premium accounts, which may be interest-bearing checking accounts and offer rewards, can also set the bar higher for how much money is required to get started. For example, a jumbo checking account might pay interest on balances of $1,000, $10,000, or more so you would need at least that much to open one.
Minimum Opening Deposit for Credit Unions
How much money do you need to open a checking account at a credit union? If you prefer to open a checking account at a credit union vs. a bank, you will likely find minimum opening deposits that range from zero to $25.
Get up to $300 when you bank with SoFi.
No account or overdraft fees. No minimum balance.
Up to 4.20% APY on savings balances.
Up to 2-day-early paycheck.
Up to $2M of additional FDIC insurance.
Can You Open a Bank Account With No Money?
You can probably open a bank account with no money. As mentioned above, you are most likely to find this kind of checking account offered at an online bank vs. a traditional bank.
Before you open this kind of account, though, it can be wise to make sure you understand the terms of the account, including the fine print. Factors to consider include what, if any, fees will be assessed, what balance you may need to maintain, and how and when you need to fund the account.
A minimum initial deposit is the amount of money that a financial institution requires you to deposit in order to open an account. In some cases, this can be as little as $1 or even nothing at all; in other cases, it could be $100 or considerably higher.
What’s the Difference Between Minimum Initial Deposit vs. Minimum Balance Requirement?
When thinking about how much money you need to start a bank account, it’s important to understand the difference between your initial deposit and your ongoing balance requirement. If a deposit requirement is in place, that is separate from the minimum balance requirement that you may also need to meet to avoid a monthly service fee.
For example, you might need to deposit $100 to open your account. However, in order to avoid a $10 monthly maintenance fee, you may need to keep an average daily balance of $500 there.
A free checking account that doesn’t charge a monthly fee may not have a minimum balance requirement. Check with the bank up front so you are familiar with the terms and aren’t surprised by any fees being deducted.
The Takeaway
Checking and savings accounts can make your financial life easier, and you may be able to open an account with very little in terms of an initial deposit, even no money at all. When choosing a banking option, it’s important to consider the fees you might pay, the interest you could earn, and any minimum deposit or minimum balance requirements. Whenever possible, you want your bank to pay for the privilege of holding your money, not vice versa.
SoFi: Making Banking Better
If you’re interested in hassle-free online banking, consider opening a SoFi Checking and Savings account. You’ll earn a competitive APY, pay no account fees, receive a debit card with cashback rewards, and have access to a suite of financial tools that can help your savings grow.
Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 4.20% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.
FAQ
How much is needed to open a checking account?
The amount of money needed to open a checking account can vary by bank. At some banks, it may be as low as $1 or even $0; at others, you might need to deposit $25, $50, or more to get started.
Can I open a checking account with no money?
It’s possible to open a checking account with no money if your bank allows you to fund your account later. For example, you may be able to open a bank account online with no money, connect an external bank account, then fund your new account with an initial deposit later.
Photo credit: iStock/michellegibson
SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.20% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi members with direct deposit are eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.
As an alternative to direct deposit, SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant. SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits are not eligible for other SoFi Plus benefits.
SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.
SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.
Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.
Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/31/2024. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.