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A credit card statement balance reflects your transactions (and the amount owed) during a billing cycle, while your current balance reveals your real-time activity and how much you may owe at a given moment.

When you buy with credit, it’s like taking out a short-term loan to make a purchase. If you’re putting charges on your credit card throughout the month, the value of that loan — your “current balance” — fluctuates. When your billing cycle ends and the amount due is tallied, that equals your statement balance.

Learn more about how these two numbers can differ, along with a few tips for paying down your credit cards.

Statement Balance vs Current Balance

Each credit card issuer may have a slightly different method of presenting and even calculating the numbers on your monthly statement, whether you get a hard copy or check it online or in your card’s app. Still, you will likely see one number called the statement balance and another called the current balance.

•   The statement balance means all transactions during a designated period, called a billing cycle. If a billing cycle covers one month and starts on the 15th of each month, this statement balance will include all of the activity on an account between, say, January 15 and February 15, in addition to any previously unpaid balances. Until the close of the next billing cycle, the statement balance will remain unchanged.

•   ‘Your current balance means the running total of all transactions on your account. It changes every time you swipe your card to pick up Chinese takeout or return a T-shirt that didn’t fit right.

To understand the interplay between the statement balance vs. the current balance, consider this example:

•   ‘On February 15, the statement balance is $1,000, meaning that the total charges between January 15 and February 15 add up to $1,000.

•   ‘Two days later, you make a $50 charge to the card. Your current balance will reflect $1,050 while the statement balance remains the same.

In this case, the current balance is higher than the statement balance. The reverse can also be true, and the current balance can potentially reflect a smaller number than the statement balance.

Recommended: Personal Loan vs Credit Cards

What to Know About Paying Off Your Credit Card

As each billing cycle closes, you will be provided with a statement balance. You will also likely be provided with a due date. At the time you make a payment, you may decide to pay off the statement balance, the current balance, the minimum payment, or some other amount of your choosing.

Paying the Statement Balance

If you regularly pay your statement balance in full, by its due date, you likely won’t be subject to any interest charges. Most credit card companies charge interest only on any amount of the statement balance that is not paid off in full.

The period between your statement date and the due date is called the grace period. During this period, you may not accumulate interest on any balances. It’s worth mentioning that not every credit card has a grace period. It’s also possible to lose a grace period by missing payments or making them late. If you have any questions about whether your card has a grace period, contact your credit card company.

Paying the Current Balance

If you’re using your credit card regularly, it is possible that you will use your card during the grace period. This will increase your current balance. At the time you make your payment, you will likely have the option to pay the full current balance.

If you have a grace period, paying the current balance is not necessary in order to avoid interest payments. But paying your current balance in full by the due date can have other benefits. For example, this move could improve your credit utilization ratio, which is factored into credit scores.

Paying the Minimum Monthly Payment

Next, you can pay just the minimum monthly payment. Generally, this is the lowest possible amount that you can pay each month while remaining in good standing with your credit card company — it is also the most expensive. Typically, the minimum payment will be an amount that covers the interest accrued during the billing cycle and some of the principal balance.

Making only the minimum payments is a slow and expensive way to pay down credit card debt. To understand how much you’re paying in interest, you can use a credit card interest calculator. Although minimum monthly payments are not a fast way to get rid of credit card debt, making them is important. Otherwise, you risk being dinged with late fees.

Missing or making a payment late can also have a negative impact on your credit score.So, if the minimum payment is all you can swing right now, it’s okay. Just try to avoid additional charges on your card.

Making a Payment of Your Choice

Your last option is to make payments that are larger than the minimum monthly payment but are not equal to the statement balance or the current balance. That’s okay, too. You’ll potentially be charged interest on remaining balances, but you’re likely getting closer to paying them off. Keep working on getting those balances lowered.

Recommended: Credit Card Closing Date vs Due Date

Your Credit Utilization Ratio

The balance you currently carry on your credit card can impact your credit utilization ratio. Credit utilization measures how much of your available credit you’re using at any given time.

This figure is one of a handful of measures that are used to determine your credit score — and it has a big impact. Credit utilization can make up 30% of your overall score, according to FICO® Score.

Not every credit card reports account balances to the consumer credit bureaus in the same way or on the same day. Also, the reported number is not necessarily the statement balance. It could be the current balance on your card, pulled at any time throughout the billing cycle. Again, it may be worth checking with your credit card issuer to find out more. If your issuer reports current balances instead of statement balances, asking them which day of the month they report on could be helpful.

Sometimes, the lower your credit card utilization is, the better your credit score. While you may feel in more control to know which day of the month that your credit balance is reported to the credit bureaus, it may be an even better move for your general financial health to practice maintaining low credit utilization all or most of the time.

If you are worried about your credit utilization rate being too high during any point throughout the month, you can make an additional payment. You don’t have to wait until your billing cycle due date to reduce the current balance on your card.

According to Experian®, one of the credit reporting agencies, keeping your current balance below 30% of your total credit limit is ideal. For example, if you have two credit cards, each with a $5,000 limit, you have a total credit limit of $10,000. To keep your utilization below 30%, you’ll want to maintain a combined balance of less than $3,000.

Some financial experts recommend that keeping one’s credit utilization closer to 10% or less is an even better move.

Recommended: Personal Loan Calculator

3 Tips for Managing Your Credit Card Balance

If you’re struggling to juggle multiple credit cards and make all of your payments, here are some tips that may help.

1. Organizing Your Debt

A great first step to getting a handle on your debt is to organize it. Try listing each source of debt, along with the monthly payments, interest rates, and due dates. It may be helpful to keep this list readily available and updated.

Another option is to use software that aggregates all of your finances, such as your credit card balances and payments, bank balances, and other monthly bills. Your bank may offer financial insights tools as well, which can be a great place to start with this endeavor.

When it comes to managing your credit card debt, keep in mind that staying on top of your due dates and making all of your minimum payments on time is one of the best ways to stay on track.

You can also ask your credit card providers to change your due dates so that they’re all due on the same day. Pick something easy to remember, such as the first or 15th of the month.

2. Making All Minimum Payments, But Picking One Card to Focus On

While you’re making at least the minimum payments on all your cards, pick one to focus on first. There are two versions of this debt repayment plan:

•   ‘With the debt avalanche method, you attack the card with the highest interest rate first.

•   ‘With the debt snowball method, you go after the card with the lowest balance.

The former strategy makes the most sense from a mathematical standpoint, but the latter may give you a better psychological boost.

If and when you can, apply extra payments to the card’s balance that you’re hoping to eliminate. Once you’ve paid off one card, you can move to the next. Ultimately, you’re trying to get to a place where you’re paying off your balance in full each month.

3. Cutting Up Your Cards

Whether you do this literally or not, a moratorium on your credit card spending can be a great strategy. If you are consistently running a balance that you cannot pay off in full, you may want to consider ways to avoid adding on more debt.

A word of warning: Don’t be tempted to cancel all your cards. This can negatively affect your credit score. However, if you feel you really have too many credit cards to manage — say, more than three or four — cancel the newest credit card first. This will ensure your credit history length is unaffected.

In addition to these steps, there are other options for dealing with credit card debt, such as debt consolidation, which can involve taking out a personal loan (typically, at a lower rate than your credit card interest rate), working with a certified credit counselor, and/or negotiating with your creditors to see if you can pay less than your full balance.

The Takeaway

Your credit card statement balance is the sum of all your charges and refunds during a billing cycle (usually a month), plus any previous remaining balance. It changes monthly with each statement. Your current balance is updated almost immediately every time you make a purchase. It is the sum of all charges to date during a billing cycle, any previous remaining balance, and any charges during the grace period. Whenever you can, pay off the full statement balance to avoid interest charges.

Trying to pay off credit card debt? Taking out a personal loan can consolidate all of your credit card balances.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

Should I pay my statement balance or current balance?</h3>

It can be wise to always aim to pay off your statement balance every month by the due date to avoid pricey interest charges. While not necessary, paying off the current balance can help lower your credit utilization ratio, which can in turn help build your credit score.

Why do I have a statement balance when I already paid?

Your statement balance reflects all the charges you have made, any interest and fees, and credits that occurred during a single billing cycle. Once that statement balance has been captured, it likely won’t be updated until the next billing cycle. Your credit card’s balance may well change, however, during this period as you use your card.

What happens if you don’t pay the full statement balance?

If you don’t pay your total statement balance before the end of what’s known as your grace period (the days between the end of your billing cycle and your payment’s due date), both your current balance and any new purchases that you make will start to accrue interest right away.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q324-041

Credit card debt can go from zero to thousands with one quick swipe. Or it can build slowly like rising water — a nice dinner here, some retail therapy there. Before you know it, your balance is uncomfortably high. You’re not alone. Almost half of American households carry credit card debt. Of those consumers, the average balance is $6,501, according to recent Experian® data.

If you’ve vowed to pay off your credit card balance, you’re making a smart financial move. Doing so can save you money on interest, build your credit history, and help you achieve other financial goals. Here, learn the top tips and strategies for getting it done, from the snowball strategy to hardship plans to the boring but effective debt-focused budget.

What Is a Realistic Payoff Schedule?

If you’ve been carrying a balance on one or more cards, it may take longer than you’d like to pay off the debt. Determine how long you need to become debt-free while still covering your monthly bills comfortably. 

You’ll want to consider these facts:

•   A longer payoff term can allow you to continue to save and invest while paying down debt. 

•   A shorter payoff term can save you a considerable amount in interest.

Worth noting before moving on to tactics: If there’s no scenario in which you can cover your living expenses and pay off your credit card debt in five years, the standard payoff strategies may not be enough. It may be time to consider applying for credit card debt forgiveness.

7 Credit Card Payoff Strategies and Tips

There are numerous ways to tackle debt and pay off credit cards. The approaches below may work best when you mix and match several to create your own custom debt payoff plan.

1. Create a Debt-Focused Budget

Achieving financial goals usually starts with a budget. Making a budget is designed to help you discover extra cash you can put toward your credit card bill.

•   First, make a list of your monthly bills that reflect the “musts” of your life. Along with your rent or mortgage, phone, gas, food, and other required living expenses, include your credit card payment and other minimum debt expenditures. You can leave the amount blank for now. This is your “Needs” column.

•   Next, look at your “wants.” These are things that you can survive without — restaurant meals, new clothes, gym membership, travel — but that often make life better. Which items can you do without temporarily so you can put their cost toward your credit card bill? The idea is to trim spending so you can pay down your debt.

It’s OK if your budget isn’t the same from month to month — flexibility is good. While you’re at it, build the following into your budget:

•   Look ahead for unavoidable big purchases (that upcoming destination wedding) and occasional bills (annual home insurance premiums, for instance, or holiday gift shopping). 

•   Leave some wiggle room for unexpected expenses. You might need to dip into your emergency savings for this kind of cost, but it’s good to have a cushion in your budget (say, for a rent increase).

•   Recognize that your credit card payment may be lower some months to accommodate the fluctuating costs noted above. Just always pay at least the minimum payment.

Your new budget should prioritize your credit card payment on par with other bills and above nonessential treats. One way to make budgeting easier on yourself is to download a financial insights app, which pulls all of your financial information into one place.

2. Zero-Interest Credit Card

The frustrating thing about credit cards is how interest can take up more and more of your balance. Zero-interest credit cards, also known as 0% APR cards, allow card holders to make payments with no interest on transfers and purchases for a set period of time. The promotional period on a new credit card can usually last from 12 to 21 billing cycles, long enough to make a large dent in the card’s principal balance.

Consolidating your credit card debt on one zero interest card serves to simplify your monthly bills while also saving you money on interest payments. The key here, of course, is to avoid racking up even more credit card debt.

One drawback to these cards is that you often need a FICO® Score of 670 or above to qualify. And once the promo period expires, the interest rate can climb to 29% or higher. In an ideal world, you’ll want to achieve your payoff goal before the rate rises.

A credit card interest calculator can give you an idea of how much your current interest rate affects your total balance.

3. The Snowball, the Avalanche, and the Snowflake

The snowball and avalanche debt repayment strategies take slightly different approaches to paying down debt. Both involve maintaining the minimum payment on all but one card.

•   The debt snowball method focuses on the debt with the lowest balance first, regardless of interest rate, putting extra toward that payment each month until it’s paid off.

Then, that entire monthly payment is added to the next payment — on top of the minimum you were already paying. Rinse and repeat with the next card. It’s easy to see how this method can quickly get the snowball rolling.

•   The debt avalanche is based on the same philosophy but targets the highest-interest payment first. Getting out from under the highest debt can save a lot of money in the long run. Just like the snowball method, applying that entire payment to the next highest interest debt can lead to quick results.

•   The third snow-related strategy, the debt snowflake, emphasizes putting every extra scrap of cash toward debt repayment. If you have extra money to throw at your debt, even $20, that can still make a difference in your overall amount owed. So this method encourages you to chip away at debt with any small amounts available.

4. Make More Money

Sure, increasing your income is easier said than done. But if you have the time to spare, it can make paying down debt a whole lot easier. Here are the top ways that people can bring in more cash:

•   Start a side hustle (or monetize an existing hobby)

•   Get a part-time job (on top of your current job). Two shifts a week can help you bring in another $500 to $1,000 per month.

•   Sell your stuff. Reselling clothes, books, old electronics, and jewelry can help bring in cash.

•   Negotiate a raise. In some cases, labor shortages may give workers extra leverage to ask for more.

5. Negotiate with Your Credit Card Company

If your large credit card balance is the result of unemployment, medical bills (yours or a loved one’s), or another financial setback, inform your credit card company. You may be able to negotiate a lower interest rate, lower fees and penalties, or a fixed payment schedule.

Hardship plans have no direct effect on your credit rating. However, the credit card company may send a note to the credit bureaus informing them that you’re participating in the program. 

One point to be aware of: Your credit card issuer may also close or suspend your credit card while you’re paying off the balance. This can leave you without a means to pay for purchases and could also ding your credit score.

6. Change Your Spending Habits

Changing how you spend your money is key to paying down debt — and to avoid racking up more in the future. You can approach this in two ways: as a temporary measure while you pay off your cards or a permanent downsizing of your lifestyle.

•   The advantage of the temporary approach is that people are generally more willing to give things up when it’s for a limited time. For instance, can you suspend your gym membership during the warmer months when you can work out outdoors? Perhaps you can challenge yourself to cook at home for 30 days to save on restaurants. Or you might go without paid streaming services for six months.

String enough of those small sacrifices together to cover a year or two, and see how quickly you might be able to increase your credit card payments. That in turn can make your payoff term shrink.

•   Downsizing your lifestyle for the long term has its own appeal, even for people who aren’t paying down debt. Living below your means is key to accumulating wealth. How exactly you accomplish that isn’t important. For instance, you can frequent cheaper restaurants, reduce the number of times you go out each month, or merely avoid ordering alcohol and dessert. The bottom line is to save money, avoid debt, and enjoy the financial freedom that results.

7. Personal Loan

Similar to a zero-interest credit card, a personal loan is a form of debt consolidation. Personal loans tend to have lower interest rates than credit cards, saving you money. And if you’re carrying a balance on multiple credit cards, a personal loan can allow you to simplify your debt with one fixed monthly payment.

Personal loans can be a great option for people with good to excellent credit. That’s because your interest rate is determined largely by your credit score and history. You can typically borrow between $1,000 and $100,000, and use the money for just about any purpose, from paying off debt to funding travel or a home renovation.

You will usually find fixed-rate personal loans, though some variable-rate ones are available as well. Terms usually run from two to seven years for personal loans.

The Takeaway

Credit card debt can sneak up on you. If you’re carrying a balance on one or more cards, there are numerous ways to approach paying down your debt. You might start with a new budget that prioritizes your credit card payment along with your other monthly bills, and trim your spending accordingly. You could then combine a broad payoff strategy (the snowball, the avalanche) with other tips and tactics (zero-interest credit cards) to minimize your interest payments and shorten your payoff term. And remember: You’re not alone, and you can do this!

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

How to pay off a huge credit card bill?

There are a variety of ways to pay off a large credit card bill. These include making (and sticking to) a budget, trying the debt avalanche or snowball method, applying for a zero-interest balance transfer card, or taking out a personal loan.

How to get rid of $30,000 credit card debt?

To pay off a $30,000 credit card debt, it’s wise to create a smart budget, look into cutting your expenses, develop a repayment plan, and see about consolidating your debt. If these don’t seem likely to lead to getting rid of your debt, you might talk to a certified credit counselor and/or consider a debt management plan.

What is the best tip to pay off credit cards?

The best tip for paying off credit card debt will depend on a variety of factors, such as how much debt you have vs. your available funds. For some people, the debt avalanche method of putting as much available cash toward the highest interest debt can be a smart move. For others, consolidating debt with a personal loan may be a good option.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q324-040

Not only can you get a loan while on disability, sometimes this kind of funding becomes crucial for a borrower’s financial wellbeing. Such personal loans, often coined “disability loans,” can be useful for bridging the gap before benefits kick in or for financing medically important purchases, like a wheelchair.

However, you may wonder whether a personal loan could impact your disability benefits and what requirements you might need to meet to access cash this way. This disability loan guide answers these personal loan questions and more.

Can You Get a Loan While on Disability?

You can get a loan on disability as long as you have the credit score and income to qualify. The exact requirements vary from lender to lender.

Lenders cannot use your disability as a reason to deny you a loan. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) expressly prohibits lenders from denying loans or charging higher fees because you receive help from a public assistance program.

The ECOA protection extends to all loan types, including mortgages, car loans, credit cards, student loans, small business loans, and personal loans.

What Is a Disability Loan?

While “disability loan” is a common term used throughout the industry, there is technically no such thing. Instead, applicants and lenders use the term to refer to a type of personal loan for which a person applies while waiting for or actively receiving disability benefits from the government.

Often, a disability loan more specifically refers to loans that people take out to:

1.    Cover living expenses while waiting for disability benefits to kick in.

2.    Pay for medical equipment, like wheelchairs or medication, related to the disability.

In other words, you would put what is known as a personal loan toward expenses that are tied to the disability.

Recommended: Personal Loan Calculator

Who Qualifies for a Disability Loan?

The ECOA protects consumers from being discriminated against by lenders on the basis of race, sex, disability status, and public assistance, such as Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI). That means lenders cannot deny your personal loan application just because you’re on disability.

A number to note: If you believe a lender is violating the ECOA guidance, you can contact the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau at (855) 411-2372.

As with any loan, you can improve your chances of approval for a personal loan with a good credit score and steady source of income. That said, even borrowers with bad credit or no credit history may be able to get approved for a loan, though it will likely have less favorable terms.

Recommended: What Is a Share Secured Personal Loan?

SSI vs SSDI

As a person with a disability, you may be receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) from the Social Security Administration (SSA) — or maybe both. Knowing which type of disability benefit you receive is important, as loans can impact those benefits differently.

Supplemental Security Income

SSI eligibility is solely based on age, blindness, or disability. Recipients do not need to have contributed to Social Security via taxes on past income. Both adults and children with a qualifying disability and limited income and resources may receive SSI.

SSI benefits typically kick in quickly — the first full month after your disability claim has been accepted. Maximum monthly benefits vary based on factors like marital status and income, but they are generally lower than SSDI.

Social Security Disability Insurance

To be eligible for SSDI, you must meet the SSA’s definition of disability — and you must also have paid Social Security taxes on past earnings. 

Recipients may be more likely to need a disability loan when anticipating SSDI benefits because they likely don’t kick in until the sixth full month of disability. (There are exceptions for those with certain conditions, such as ALS, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.) 

However, the SSDI benefit can be worth the wait because it has a higher potential monthly payout. As of January 2024, the average monthly SSDI payment was $1,537 vs. $698 for SSI.

How Personal Loans Affect Disability Benefits

Knowing whether you receive SSI or SSDI benefits is important if you are considering applying for a personal loan.

•   SSI: Your loan doesn’t count as income. That said, if you don’t spend your personal loan in the same month that you receive it, the SSA will count the remaining funds toward your SSI resource limit for the month. The limits are currently $2,000 for an individual and $3,000 for a couple. This could therefore reduce your overall benefit for the next month.

•   SSDI: These restrictions do not apply to nor impact your SSDI benefits.

Recommended: Guide to Unsecured Personal Loans

The SSA Process: What Is a Disability?

To earn either disability benefit from the Social Security Administration, you’ll have to meet its strict definition of “disability.” Here it is in a nutshell:

Your medically determinable physical or mental disability must prevent you from being able to work and must be expected to result in death or last continuously for at least 12 months. Children have separate criteria that they must meet to qualify.

To earn SSDI specifically, the SSA will also determine whether you have enough work credits (i.e., if you’ve made enough tax contributions from past income) to be eligible. The number of work credits can vary depending on your age when the disability began.

If you have enough credits, the SSA will then utilize five questions to determine if you qualify:

•   Are you working?

•   Is your condition “severe”?

•   Is your condition found in the list of disabling conditions?

•   Can you do the work you did previously?

•   Can you do any other type of work?

Head to the SSA website to learn more about qualifying for disability benefits.

Pros and Cons of Getting a Loan on Disability Benefits

Wondering if taking out a personal loan while waiting for or receiving disability benefits is the right option for you? It can be helpful to weigh the pros and cons before applying:

How to Apply for a Disability Loan

On disability and need a loan? Applying for a personal loan on disability benefits should follow the same process as applying for a personal loan under any other circumstances. Typical steps include:

•   Check your credit score: Knowing your score before you start looking for lenders can help you know the interest rate and other terms you can expect. It might also guide you to narrow the field of possible lenders.

•   Find a lender: Your bank or credit union may offer personal loans, but you can also search online to find personal loans that offer good terms for your specific credit score.

•   Compile your info: The application process will typically require some basic info. Having identification, income verification (paystubs or a W-2 form), and proof of address handy can be helpful.

If you’re approved, the lender will work with you to ensure you receive funds as quickly as possible. Some personal loan lenders advertise same-day approval and funding in just a few days.

Disability Loan Alternatives

A disability loan isn’t your only option as you wait for disability benefits to kick in. If you need money while waiting for your SSDI, consider these alternatives:

•   Disability insurance: Some employers offer short- and long-term disability insurance as part of their benefit packages. Employees without such benefits or self-employed small business owners can also purchase individual policies through a broker. Either way, this insurance can be extremely helpful should you become disabled.

•   Worker’s compensation: If your disability originated from a workplace injury, you may be eligible for compensation through this government program. Benefits vary by state.

•     Other government assistance: Disability benefits are just one way the government is set up to help you out in your time of need. You may also be eligible for unemployment benefits, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), or similar benefits that can offer financial assistance for the disabled.

•     Family and friends: Family and friends may be willing to offer monetary assistance — or even temporary housing — as you learn to manage a disability.

•     Credit cards: It may be tempting to put purchases on credit when a disability occurs or get a cash advance. Keep in mind that credit card debt is high-interest debt, and cash advances typically charge a still higher interest rate than your usual annual percentage rate, or APR. Proceed with caution.

•     Payday loans: If you need cash fast, personal payday loans may sound like the answer. But they can have annual interest rates of more than 400%. Protect yourself by staying away from these potentially predatory short-term loans.

The Takeaway

Disability loans are personal loans that can help someone with a disability get by until benefits kick in. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act protects people receiving public assistance from discrimination by lenders. Before applying for a disability loan, it’s important to determine how it might impact your disability benefit eligibility — and to shop around until you find a personal loan with favorable terms.

Are you ready to take out this kind of personal loan? See what SoFi offers.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

What kind of loan can I get on disability?

People who receive disability benefits are eligible for the same kinds of loans as anyone else, including home loans, auto loans, personal loans, and credit cards. Legal protections are in place to help prevent discrimination in this situation. In fact, some people take out personal loans to cover expenses until their Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits kick in. Just be sure you understand the impact that a loan could have on Supplemental Security Income, or SSI, benefits.

Can you get loans on disability?

Getting a loan while on disability is possible. The Equality Credit Opportunity Act ensures that people on disability cannot be rejected for any type of loan, including a mortgage, auto loan, credit card, or personal loan based on their disability status.

Can I get a personal loan if I’m on disability?

You can still get a personal loan while receiving disability benefits. Like any other applicant, your approval will depend on your credit score or income. A lender cannot deny a loan based on your disability status. Be aware, however, that a loan could impact your SSI benefits.

Photo credit: iStock/monstArrr_

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q324-045

It’s common knowledge that a person’s credit score can have a significant impact on their ability to get the best deals on loans and credit cards. And those opportunities can potentially save borrowers many thousands of dollars over a lifetime. But exactly what the credit rating scale involves is a mystery to many people. That’s a problem for potential applicants who’d like to build their score before shopping around for a loan.

Read on to gain insights into how credit scores are calculated, what the different credit ranges mean, and what you can do to qualify for the best interest rates.

The Three Major Credit Bureaus

Credit bureaus are independent agencies that collect and maintain consumer credit information and then resell it to businesses in the form of a credit report. The Fair Credit Reporting Act allows the government to oversee and regulate the industry.

There are three major credit bureaus that most lenders pull data from:

•   Equifax®

•   Experian®

•   TransUnion®

Commonly used credit scoring systems are FICO® and VantageScore, each of which ranges from 300 to 850.

What Actually Factors into Your Credit Score?

Here’s a closer look at the popular FICO Score system, which uses a scoring model that sources data from credit bureaus to calculate your score. Elements used in the FICO scoring model (as of this writing, the latest version is FICO Score 10) include:

•   Payment history: 35%

•   Credit utilization: 30%

•   Length of credit history: 15%

•   Credit mix: 10%

•   New credit: 10%

Wondering what those terms mean? Here’s a closer look:

Payment History

Payment history looks at whether you pay your bills in a timely manner. Do you have a history of paying bills a couple weeks late, or are you the type who always pays your cable bill even before it is due? That’s the kind of thing that will come into play here.

Credit Utilization

“Amount owed” is pretty self-explanatory — it’s how much total debt you’re currently carrying. Your “credit utilization ratio” may not be quite so clear. That’s the amount of credit you actually use compared to the amount of credit available to you. Lenders generally like to see a credit utilization ratio of 30% or lower. Some even recommend no more than 10%.

Here’s an example: Say you owe $500 on each of two credit cards, and one has a credit limit of $1,000 and the other has a limit of $3,000. The amount you owe is $1,000 out of a credit limit of $4,000. So you are using 25% of your available credit. Your credit utilization is therefore 25%. 

Length of Credit History

This factor looks at the age of your oldest and newest accounts and the average age of all your accounts. To lenders, longer is better.

Credit Mix

Credit mix considers the variety of your debt — is it primarily credit card debt? Do you carry student loan debt or have a mortgage? A desirable mix is a combination of revolving debt (lines of credit, credit cards) and installment debt (loans with fixed repayment terms like student loans and car loans).

New Credit

New credit looks at what accounts have recently been opened in your name, or if you’ve taken out any new debts. Trying to access a considerable amount of credit in a short period of time can have a negative impact on your credit score.

Recommended: Credit Card Utilization: Everything You Need To Know

How’s Your Credit?

Where your credit score falls on the scoring table determines how “good” your credit is. Here’s a breakdown of the credit rating scale according to FICO standards.

•   Excellent or Exceptional: 800-850

•   Very Good: 740-799

•   Good: 670-739

•   Fair: 580-669

•     Poor: 300-579

Ready for a plot twist? Your credit score may not be consistent. Some reasons why:

•   There are different scoring systems, and variations in how various lenders and creditors report information. 

•   Also, FICO can tweak their algorithm depending on the type of loan you’re applying for. If you’re looking to get an auto loan, your industry-specific FICO Score may emphasize your payment history with auto loans and deemphasize your credit card history. In effect, each consumer has multiple credit scores.

•   You may also hear the phrase “educational credit score.” This can refer to the proprietary scoring models used by TransUnion and Equifax, not necessarily to be used by lenders, which can help educate consumers about their credit scores. Since they may or may not reflect the credit score that potential lenders use, it can be wise to make sure you know what kind of credit score you are viewing.

You are probably curious how your credit score stacks up to the national average. The average three-digit number in the U.S. is currently 714. 

Trying to Build Your Credit Score With Credit Card Debt

You’ll notice that a lot of information around improving your credit scores focuses on debt reduction. After all, 30% of your FICO Score is based upon outstanding debt. By paying that down on time, you may be able to build your credit score. For this reason, one potential action item for those trying to have a positive impact on their credit history is to work on paying down credit card debt.

Credit card debt may be the highest-interest debt you’re carrying. Compare these numbers:

•   The average credit card interest rate on interest-accruing accounts with balances was 22.76% mid-2024, according to the Federal Reserve. 

•   A rate of 6.53% was established for federal undergraduate student loans for the 2024-2025 school year.

•   The average mortgage rate was 6.37% in September 2024 for fixed-rate, 30-year conforming loans. 

That means if you have credit card debt, it could be your fastest growing debt. By getting rid of it, you may be able to significantly reduce your outstanding debt. Here are a few techniques:

•   One way to get out of credit card debt is to consolidate it into a lower-interest option. With a balance transfer credit card, you can move your high-interest debt to a 0% interest card. The catch is that the 0% interest is temporary, and after a given amount of time (typically 12 to 21 months), the interest rate shoots up.

•   Another option is to take out a personal loan, which can consolidate multiple high-interest credit card debts into one monthly payment, often at a lower interest rate. For example, in September 2024, the average personal loan rate was 12.38% vs. almost 23% for credit cards, as noted above. Personal loans are typically unsecured loans with a fixed interest rate and terms of two to seven years. This could help you pay off your debt more quickly, which might help build your score. 

•   One other tip for potentially building your credit score: Thoroughly review your credit report for errors. Mistakes happen, and some of them can bring down your score. You can file a dispute online to correct or remove the information.

Recommended: Using a Personal Loan to Pay Off a Credit Card

The Takeaway

Credit scores, calculated based on information in your credit report, influence the interest rates you qualify for on loans and credit cards. The higher your score, the less you’ll likely pay in interest. The factors that determine your score include your history of on-time payments, your total debt compared to the amount of credit available to you, the types of debt you have managed, how much credit you have recently sought, and the age of your accounts. 

One of the best ways to build your credit score is to pay down credit card debt. A common way to consolidate high-interest credit card debt is with a low-interest personal loan. 

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

What are the levels of credit ratings?

The levels of credit ratings are typically:

•   Excellent (or Exceptional): 800-850

•   Very good: 740-799

•   Good: 670-739

•   Fair: 580-669

•   Poor: 300-579

How does the credit rating scale work?

Credit rating scales typically work by factoring in various indicators of an individual’s creditworthiness. For example, common components of your credit score will be your history of on-time payments, your credit utilization ratio, the length of your credit history, your credit mix, and how many new accounts you have applied for and how recently. These can indicate how well you have managed debt in the past and how likely you are to be responsible with credit in the future. 

How rare is a 700 credit score?

The current average credit score in the U.S. is 714, so a score of 700 or higher is not that rare. To be more specific, recent reports indicate that 17% of Americans have a score between 700-749, 24% are between 750-799, and 23% are between 800-850. In addition, credit scores tend to be higher among older generations.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q324-042

A loan is a sum of money that is borrowed and then paid back, both principal and interest, within a specific time frame. The interest you pay is for the privilege of getting that lump sum of cash in hand.

Whether it’s to continue your education or buy a house, borrowing money can be the key to meeting longer-term goals, both financial and personal. There are many different kinds of loans available, including unsecured personal loans, secured mortgages, and many other options in between.

Here, you’ll learn the basics of lending, including a few of the most common types of loans, what you’ll need to successfully apply for them, and what you should know before making the significant and at times risky decision to borrow money.

Definition and Basic Concepts

As soon as you start shopping for loans of any kind, there are a few terms you’re likely to hear, some of which may be unfamiliar. Get up to speed with this glossary of words commonly used to define and describe loans.

•   The principal is the amount of money you’re borrowing from the lender. For instance, if you take out a loan for $17,500, then the principal amount is $17,500. However, every time you make a payment, you’ll pay both principal and interest, which is why you’ll end up paying back more than $17,500 altogether. (It may also be possible to make additional, principal-only payments, which can help you pay the loan off more quickly and pay less interest overall.)

It’s worth noting that this concept of principal is a key way that loans vary from credit lines: With a loan, you typically get a lump sum of cash, while with a line of credit (such as a home equity line of credit, or HELOC, or a credit card), you borrow varying amounts as you need funds.

•   Interest is the money you pay to the lender for the privilege of taking out the loan — or the cost of the loan. Interest is often expressed as an annual percentage rate (APR), which includes any additional fees as well as the interest itself.

•   A loan’s term is the lifespan of the loan, or the length of time you’ll have to pay it back. For example, a personal loan might have a 60-month (five-year) term, meaning you’ll make 60 monthly payments to repay the loan in full (unless you pay it off early). Mortgages tend to have longer terms: typically 15 or 30 years.

•   Collateral refers to an asset that, as part of the loan agreement, the lender can seize in the event you fail to repay what you owe. A loan with collateral is known as a secured loan, and common collateral items include vehicles (as with an auto loan) and houses (as with a mortgage).

•   Your lender might be a bank, credit union, or an online financial institution. It’s whichever business is lending you the money and collecting your payments.

•   The borrower is the person or entity borrowing money and paying it back as outlined in the loan agreement.

💡 Quick Tip: Not sure what certain loan terms mean? Check out the Personal Loans Glossary for a simple guide to the basics.

Types of Loans

While there are many different kinds of loans out there — home loans, auto loans, personal loans, and even holiday loans — they can all be separated into two main categories: secured loans and unsecured loans.

Secured Loans

As briefly mentioned above, secured loans are those that are backed by collateral.

Collateral gives the lending institution a guarantee that they’ll get a valuable asset out of the deal if the borrower fails to repay the loan in full. That means the loan is less risky for the lender, which may have slightly less stringent qualification requirements or might charge a lower interest rate.

Unsecured Loans

Unsecured loans, by contrast, are those that are not backed by collateral. Unsecured loans, like personal loans, are sometimes also called “signature loans,” since all you’re offering as collateral is your signed promise to repay the loan. Because they’re riskier for lenders, unsecured loans may have higher interest rates as well as more stringent eligibility requirements.

Unsecured loans can usually be used for just about any legal purpose, from home renovations to wedding costs. Many people take out personal loans for debt consolidation; say, as a path to paying off high-interest credit card debt.

Common Loan Terms

While the specific agreement of your loan will depend on multiple factors, including your lender and the type of loan you’re taking out, there are a few features that many different types of loans share.

APR

Your interest rate will likely be expressed as an APR percentage. APR includes not only the interest itself but also the other costs associated with the loan, such as origination fees.

APRs can vary tremendously depending on an array of factors, including the economy, the size of the loan, the type of loan, your credit score and history, and more. At the low end, some people who took out a mortgage in late 2020 or in 2021 may have an APR below 3.00%. Others who have less-than-stellar credit scores might currently have an APR of 30.00% if they are seeking out a personal loan on the larger, riskier side.

The higher your APR, the higher the cost of the loan. People with higher credit scores and positive financial profiles are more likely to qualify for lower-APR loans, which can save them substantial amounts of money in interest over time.

💡 Recommended: What Is A Personal Loan?

Fixed vs Variable Interest Rates

Along with APR, you should also understand the difference between fixed and variable interest rates.

•   As the name implies, fixed interest rates don’t vary over the entire lifetime of the loan. That means you can enjoy regular, predictable payments in the same amount every month.

•   Variable-rate loans, on the other hand, can fluctuate with the market (though are usually governed by caps that keep the rate from rising over a certain percentage). Variable-rate loans may have lower rates at first, making them attractive, but payments can rise substantially over the lifetime of the loan. Or in some economic climates, they might fall lower. In either scenario, a variable rate can make budgeting more difficult.

Amortization

Amortization describes the way a loan is gradually paid off (both principal and interest) over time. Payments are typically made over a particular schedule, such as monthly for a certain number of years.

For example, with a fixed-rate home loan, you’ll typically find that the mortgage amortization occurs so that, toward the beginning, the bulk of your payment is going toward interest rather than principal. (This helps ensure the bank gets paid for their service up front.) Over time, a greater and greater percentage of the payment will go toward principal. However, the actual amount you’re paying each month will never change.

You can see the effect of amortization for yourself using a mortgage calculator.

Prepayment Penalties

Prepayment penalties refer to costs the lender might charge if you pay off a large portion of your loan early or repay the entire loan before the term has elapsed. Prepayment penalties help lenders make money on loans where they won’t receive the full term’s worth of interest. Prepayment penalties can help compensate the bank for this loss of interest income.

For borrowers, though, these charges can feel like punishment for what is generally a positive financial behavior: paying off your debt early. Whenever possible, it can be wise to look for loans that don’t charge prepayment penalties.

Loan Process

So, now that you understand a bit more about how loans work, consider how you go about getting one.

While each lender will have their own specific procedures and policies, the basic loan process can be broken down into four basic steps.

•   Application. The lender will collect information from you about your employment history, income, and other financial factors, as well as verify your identity. These days, loan applications can usually be filled out online, though you may also be able to apply in person or over the phone.

•   Approval. Once your lender verifies all your information — usually including a hard credit check — they will either approve or deny your application. If you’ve been approved, you’ll be informed about the approval, though it still may take some time for the money to come through.
Timing on these steps can vary greatly; a personal loan might get same-day approval, while a home equity loan, which typically involves a home appraisal, could take weeks.

•   Disbursement refers to the money you’ve borrowed actually hitting your account. You may be able to set up direct deposit so the funds can find their way into your bank account without any additional steps, but in other cases the lender might cut you a physical check. With a home loan, a closing with various parties and/or their lawyers present might be required.

•   Repayment is the phase of the loan where you pay back the funds borrowed (the principal) and interest and fees over time. This typically reflects the agreement drawn up when your application was approved. As discussed above, the repayment period, or term, could be as short as a year or two or as long as several decades.

Factors Affecting Loan Approval

Applying for a loan doesn’t guarantee you’ll be approved. After all, before transferring a large sum of money, your lender is going to want to feel confident that you can repay the debt.

Some of the most important factors that affect loan approval are your credit score and credit history, income, debt-to-income ratio (DTI), and the value of any collateral you put on the table. Here’s a closer look.

•   Your credit score is the three-digit number (typically between 300 and 850) that summarizes your credit history and how well you have repaid debts in the past. You may actually have multiple credit scores due to different scoring models and the fact that each of the three major credit bureaus may report somewhat different information. Credit score monitoring can help you understand the health of your credit file over time.

•   Your income is the amount of money you have coming in, usually from employment (but also potentially from investment interest or other sources). Lenders generally want to see a reliable flow of income to help ensure borrowers will be able to continue making payments over the entire lifetime of the loan.

•   Your debt-to-income ratio or DTI is an expression of the amount of income you have every month compared to the amount of money that’s already promised to other creditors. Depending on the loan and the lender, you may be able to qualify for certain loans with a DTI of up to 50%, but generally, the lower, the better. Some mortgage lenders won’t offer a mortgage to borrowers with a DTI higher than 36%, for instance.

•   For secured loans, the value of your collateral, such as the car or home you’re financing, is also considered as part of the calculus. A high-value asset or collateral makes the deal substantially less risky for banks, since they’ll still get some value out of the loan even if you don’t repay it.

Pros and Cons of Borrowing

Sometimes, borrowing money really can be a smart financial move, but it almost always comes with costs, so it’s important to think through the decision carefully. Here are some of the basic pros and cons of borrowing money.

Pros:

•   Loans can help you access longer-term goals, like homeownership or college education, that might not be possible if you had to pay out of pocket.

•   In some cases, debt in the short term can help you increase your financial standing in the long term. For example, student loans can help you gain skills that increase your earnings; mortgages can allow you to own an asset that can appreciate over time; and personal loans used for loan consolidation could help you improve your overall financial standing faster.

•   With unsecured personal loans, you can use funds for just about any purpose — making them flexible and convenient.

•   Some loans are quick and convenient; certain types can send money your way in just days.

•   Making on-time payments can help build your credit score over time.

Cons:

•   In almost all cases, loans cost money. High interest rates can mean purchases could cost far more than they would in cash over time.

•   If you fall behind on payments or carry large balances of revolving debt, loans could have a negative impact on your credit score.

•   Loans payments can stretch your budget, making it difficult to make ends meet each month and accomplish other financial goals, such as saving for retirement.

•   Certain kinds of loan applications can be time-consuming and can leave you waiting a long while to learn whether or not you are approved.

•   If you have a secured loan, you risk losing your collateral if you cannot keep up with your payments.

•   If you have a lower credit score, borrowing money can be more expensive, which can make your loan debt burdensome.

Alternatives to Traditional Loans

While traditional loans from a bank have long been available to borrowers, there are alternative resources worth considering if you need cash.

•   Credit cards are a common way for people to pay for things today with money they hope to have tomorrow. However, it’s wise to avoid using a credit card to buy more than you can afford to pay off before the grace period ends. Credit cards tend to have high interest rates (and higher still if you take a cash advance), and compounding can get out of hand fast.

•   Lines of credit may be available, such as a personal line of credit or a HELOC, allowing you to borrow funds up to a limit, with interest accruing.

•   Cash advance apps can help you access money from your next paycheck early, though the amount available tends to be relatively small.

•   Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms are an alternative way to borrow that’s funded primarily by private investors. Some people who’ve been turned down for traditional loans may still qualify for P2P loans.

•   Family loans can work in some instances — depending, of course, on your family finances and dynamics. To avoid putting strain on a relationship, it’s often a good idea to formally write up a loan agreement including any required interest, the expected loan term, and what happens if the borrower defaults.

•   Buy now, pay later options can allow you to purchase an item and pay it off in installments, sometimes interest-free. This could be a way to snag, say, a new kitchen appliance when you don’t have cash in hand.

•   Payday loans allow you to borrow against your next paycheck, but proceed with extreme caution. The APRs on these can add up to 400% in some cases.

The Takeaway

A loan involves accessing a sum of money that you repay over time with interest to the lender, according to the terms of your agreement. Borrowing money can help you achieve your dreams, such as owning your own home or getting a graduate degree — but it usually comes at a cost, so it’s always worth proceeding with caution before signing on the dotted line. Understanding the full cost of the loan and its pros and cons will help you make an informed decision.

Are you considering a personal loan for debt consolidation, travel, home renovations, or another purpose? See what SoFi offers.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

How does interest on a loan work?

Interest is the price you pay for the privilege of borrowing money. With most loans, interest is expressed as an APR, or annual percentage rate, which includes not only the interest rate itself but also any additional costs to the loan, like origination fees.

What’s the difference between a loan and a line of credit?

With a loan, you usually receive a lump sum of money up front which you then repay over the course of months or years. With a line of credit, instead of a lump sum, you receive a credit limit — the maximum amount you can borrow based on your financial credentials. From that amount, you borrow what you need up to your limit, and you can repay the line of credit and borrow again.

How do I choose the right type of loan for my needs?

The first step to choosing the right loan for your needs is to understand that there is a huge array of financial products available. What are loans can vary tremendously. For example, if you need money to buy a vehicle, a secured auto loan may have lower interest rates than a personal loan. If you need funds for a wedding, a personal loan may be the right option. It’s also worthwhile to shop around with different lenders once you know the type of loan you want. That can help you find the best possible loan terms, including the lowest interest rate.

Are there tax implications for taking out a loan?

There may be tax implications. The interest you pay on a mortgage is usually tax-deductible. In the case of personal loans, since they have to be repaid, they’re not considered income, so you won’t have to pay taxes on the disbursement. If the loan is forgiven, though, the cancellation of the debt may be considered its own form of income and may be subject to taxation on that basis. You may want to check in with a tax professional regarding your particular situation.

Photo credit: iStock/efetova

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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