SoFi

The cost of owning a car is significant, and maintaining it can be pricey too. But it’s what keeps your wheels running, whether that means commuting to work, doing school drop-off, shopping, road tripping, and beyond.

You’ll likely deal with lots of expenses, such as oil changes, new tires, shock and spark plug replacement, and more as you navigate car ownership.

Here, learn how you can save big on the typical services most cars need so you can hold onto more of your hard-earned cash.

How to Lower the Cost of Owning a Car

What follows are 31 ways to make vehicle maintenance less expensive. Some of these strategies help you save money right away, while others can lead to serious savings down the road.

1. Buying the Right Car

One of the best opportunities you have to lower your maintenance costs comes before you actually buy the car.

If you’re looking to buy a new car–or for a good deal on a used car–it can be wise to not only consider the purchase price, but also the long-term costs. With a little bit of research, you can likely find out the model’s repair record, and the average annual cost of upkeep.

Recommended: How to Save Up for a Car

2. Keeping Up With Oil Changes

It’s inconvenient and, with synthetic oil and filter changes running around $65 to $125 a pop, the money you may not feel like spending. But this regular expense will almost certainly save you money in the long run. Oil lubricates your engine and keeps it from overheating. And, replacing the whole engine will definitely cost a whole lot more.

3. Reading Your Owner’s Manual

Unless you’re a serious car geek, you probably haven’t spent a lot of time perusing your owner’s manual. But this guide contains key information about what maintenance services need to be done and when making it essential reading. (If you’ve misplaced yours, you can probably find it online — just search for your car’s make, model, year, and the words “owner’s manual.”)

4. Timing Your Maintenance Properly

The maintenance schedule set out in the owner’s manual was created by your car’s designers to help you keep ahead of major repairs that would pop up if you didn’t intervene. Skipping preventative maintenance can be penny-wise, but pound-foolish.

5. Knowing Fair Maintenance Prices

Charges for car maintenance services, like tune-ups and tire rotations, can vary widely depending on the shop. One way to find out if you’re being charged fairly is to research rates before you bring the car in. Websites like RepairPal can tell you what you should expect to pay for a particular maintenance task — and can even connect you with certified shops.

6. Patronizing a Mom-and-Pop Mechanic

Want a way to save money daily? Think small. Independent mechanics can sometimes offer lower pricing (and potentially better customer service) than auto repair chains, which have to cover the cost of being part of a franchise. So it can be worth shopping around. Exception: If your car is still under warranty at the dealership, you might void the agreement by taking it anywhere else, so it may be best to stick with them.

7. Sticking With the Same Shop

Although it might not matter for minor maintenance issues like oil changes, bigger services can be costly — and if you continually take your car to new mechanics, they won’t know your vehicle’s service history, which could lead you to pay for the same service twice.

8. Getting Your Transmission Fluid Changed

Transmission fluid is as vital to your transmission as oil is to your engine. This fluid is a lubricant that helps keep all of the moving parts inside of your transmission functioning properly. Transmission work can be some of the priciest projects you can face, running anywhere from $800 for a repair to a couple thousand or more for a rebuild to $4,000 to $7,000 for a replacement.

9. Getting Your Coolant Fluid Flushed

Yet another important fluid to keep an eye on, your coolant protects your engine from overheating, as well as offering more lubrication for certain engine parts. It usually needs to be changed out every 10,000 to 50,000 miles (you can find out in your manual), and failing to do so can lead to rust and dirt clogging up the system.

10. Cleaning Your Battery

You may not think about your battery very much…until the morning your car doesn’t start. To keep your battery in good working order, and avoid surprises, it can be good to occasionally clean the corrosion off the terminals using a small brush, some water, and baking soda.

11. Keeping Up With Your Transfer Case Fluid

This one only applies to those with four-wheel drive vehicles — but if you have one of those, you’ll likely need to familiarize yourself with the transfer case. That’s the part that shifts power from the transmission to the axles so the wheels can turn. And, like other parts, it has its own special lubricating fluid which needs to be regularly checked and changed.

12. Getting your Tires Rotated Regularly

You’ve probably already noticed how expensive tires are to replace — so chances are, you want to replace them as seldom as possible. Getting your tires regularly rotated and balanced can help ensure they wear evenly, which extends their overall longevity. This can be an especially good thing to do before you take an affordable road trip.

13. Carrying an Air Pressure Gauge

DIY moves can not only enhance your self-confidence, they can also be ways to save dollars and improve your money mindset.

One example: Maintaining optimum air pressure in your tires can improve your mileage (and save you money in gas) and also extend the life of those expensive tires. It also keeps your vehicle safe to drive. You can check your tires free of charge by keeping a tire gauge (typically less than $10) in your glove box.

14. Refilling Your Tires as Needed

As you roll around on them, your tires will gradually seep air over time — but you usually don’t need to schedule a special maintenance trip to refill them. Most gas stations offer coin-operated air pumps, and many even allow you to pre-set the proper PSI, or pounds per square inch. (Otherwise, you can grab your pressure gauge.)

15. Regularly Checking Your Alignment

Alignment controls the angle at which your tires meet the road, and is important for making sure your tires wear evenly. Proper alignment also helps increase your vehicle’s gas efficiency, so it’s worth getting it checked at least once yearly, or sooner if you notice a pull as you’re driving.

16. Inspecting Your Shocks and Struts

Your shocks and struts, which keep your car from bouncing, also impact how quickly your tires wear, as well as your vehicle’s fuel efficiency. Depending on your driving habits, these generally need to be replaced roughly every 50,000 to 75,000, depending on how heavy your use is.

17. Shopping Around for Tires

No matter how assiduous you are maintaining your tires, you’re eventually going to have to replace them. But unlike other car parts that may be proprietary to your car’s make and model, tires are pretty easy to shop for yourself — and doing so can lead to major savings. Warehouse discount or wholesale clubs like Costco and Sam’s Club sell tires, as do online retailers like Discount Tire Direct.

18. Using Winter Tires Only in the Winter

Using winter tires can make driving in snowy conditions much safer. But these tires wear considerably faster than all-season tires, especially in non-winter conditions. So it can be a good idea to change your tires back to all-weathers as soon as the last frost has thawed.

19. Skipping the Winterization Package

Many mechanics will offer you a “winterization” service that involves flushing and replacing your coolant (also called antifreeze). However, you only need to have that done every 30,000 miles or so, as noted above. If it hasn’t been that long since your coolant has been replaced, you don’t need this service.

20. Having Your Spark Plugs Inspected

Spark plugs literally spark the fuel that runs your engine. When the spark plugs start to fail, your engine won’t run as efficiently, and eventually, their misfiring could put stress on your catalytic converter, which is costly to repair. Check your owner’s manual for advice on how often spark plugs should be replaced. The number can vary widely, from 18,000 to 100,000 miles. When the time comes, however, it can be wise not to hesitate.

21. Changing Your Own Engine Air Filter

In most cases, paying a professional to do your maintenance and repair work is worthwhile in the long run (and less costly than making a mistake and hiring someone to repair it). But changing your engine air filter is actually easy. Since that filter keeps dirt and debris out of your engine, keeping it clean is key to your car’s longevity. There are plenty of YouTube tutorials you can check out to learn how.

22. Keeping Jumper Cables in the Trunk

This might not seem entirely necessary, but if your battery dies and you’re not near home, you’ll likely be glad you didn’t have to rely on a tow truck for such a simple problem.

23. Making Sure You Have Roadside Assistance

…That said, every once in a while, you might need a tow. If you do, having access to a roadside assistance program can be major cost savings. And, it can pay to shop around for this service. AAA might offer perks, like hotel discounts, but the roadside assistance package offered by your car insurance company might cost less.

24. Heading to the Car Wash

It may seem like a minor detail, but keeping your car’s exterior clean can help the paint job last longer by removing road grime and residues that can eat through the finish. A $10 drive-through wash is way better than paying up to 10 times that for a new paint job.

25. Detailing the Interior

Your car’s interior is also vulnerable to staining and residue build-up that can lower your car’s overall value. At many car washes, you can access a powerful vacuum that can get rid of loose debris, but giving your car’s interior more thorough attention every few months may help you resell it for a higher price later.

26. Waxing Your Vehicle Every Six Months

Waxing your vehicle twice a year is another important way to help keep the paint job looking fresh and new. It can also help to avoid rust build-up that can cause structural damage to the body of your car.

27. Changing Your Own Light Bulbs

For most bulbs on your car, changing them isn’t difficult. They typically have a twist-and-pull bayonet base or simply pull out and push in. You can usually find replacement bulbs in any auto parts store, and sometimes even hardware stores. In some cases, accessing a bulb can be tricky, so you may want to check the manual or look online if getting the bulb out isn’t obvious.

28. Paying Attention to Recalls

If your car’s manufacturer sends out a notice about a recall, it’s likely worth making an appointment at your local dealership — no matter how insignificant the problem may seem. The recall repair will be free at the dealership, and it could save you from more extensive damage that would not be covered.

29. Buying Some Touch-Up Paint

Just like washing and waxing, using touch-up paint can be a smart maintenance measure. With a little bit of touch-up paint, you can seal chips and cracks early on before they have a chance to become a real (and real expensive) problem like rust or paint decay.

30. Heeding the Check Engine Light

It may be annoying, but your check engine light is trying to tell you that something needs your attention. And, typically, it’s better to pay attention sooner rather than later. A small repair cost now is better than a large one later on if you let that light go for a few months.

31. Driving Less

The less you drive, the less wear-and-tear you put on your vehicle, and the lower your maintenance and repair costs are likely to be. While it’s hard to save money these days, when it’s possible, you may want to consider walking, biking, or carpooling. These moves can not only be wallet-friendly but also good for the environment.

Recommended: 7 Ways to Save Money on Commuting to Work

The Takeaway

Generally speaking, the best way to keep your car maintenance costs low is to keep up with maintenance in the first place. That means referring to your manual and following the recommended service schedule.

You can also save money on car ownership by doing some basic vehicle care yourself, such as keeping your car clean and inflating your tires properly, as well as shopping around for a mechanic who charges fair prices.

To make sure you have enough money to cover all the expenses of car ownership, it can be a good idea to set up a car fund, which is easy to do with a dedicated bank account.

Photo credit: iStock/MrJub

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOBK0823013

Maybe you are heading up the California coast to visit Yosemite, or perhaps there’s a wedding coming up at a small town in the Midwest that you definitely can’t miss. You may be stymied about whether it makes more sense to drive to your destination or fly and which is kinder on your wallet. There are a variety of factors to consider, such as how quickly you need to get where you are going; how expensive airfare is vs. a rental car and hotel room; whether you love road tripping or perhaps hate flying; and more.

So before you start booking flights for a getaway or thinking about tuning up your car for an adventure across several states, take a look at whether it’s cheaper to fly or drive. It may be an obvious choice or a personal decision, but here’s how to size up the dollars and cents.

Pros and Cons of Driving vs Flying

It can be easy to assume that the main benefit of flying is saving time and the main advantage of driving is saving money. However, it’s not quite so simple. In fact, the pros and cons of driving vs. flying depend on the type of trip you’re taking, your priorities, and your personal preferences. Here’s a look at some of the factors worth weighing.

Pros of Driving

When thinking about driving vs. flying, there are plenty of good reasons to get behind the wheel rather than head to the airport.

•   When it comes to the “is driving cheaper than flying” question, the answer is often yes! It can be significantly cheaper to travel by car than by air, especially if you’re going with a large group of people. After all, six people flying to Vegas will each need their own ticket, but they can all pile into the same minivan.

•   Also, will you need a car when you get to your destination? If you’re going to, say, spend a week at a national park that’s a two-hour flight from home, it might be less costly to drive there. That way, you don’t need to rent a vehicle as well as buy plane tickets so the money you need to save in a travel fund could be a lower amount.

•   When considering the flying vs. driving conundrum, it’s worth noting that traveling by car can have other benefits beyond saving money. You can easily indulge in some sightseeing. Traveling by car offers flexibility so you can see the sights you want, whether that’s a quick detour through a national forest on your way across the country or planning a route that takes you from the Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C., to the National Blues Museum in St. Louis, to the Buffalo Bill Museum in Colorado. You can have fun and create memories while saving money on family travel too.

•   Driving also means you can more easily access any type of food your heart desires, not just what’s available in the airport. Some people even plan their road trip routes to go through foodie cities — whether that means enchiladas and sopapillas in Santa Fe or pierogies in Pittsburgh — around dinner time to take advantage of local restaurants. (Of course, making smart choices about where to stop and what to order is one way to save money on a road trip.)

•   Driving is likely more comfortable than being constrained to an airplane seat. If you’re six foot six and aren’t interested in spending five hours with your knees touching your chin, you might be more inclined to ride out a trip in the car — where you can stop to stretch as often as you need.

•   If you’re traveling with a pet, such as a large dog, a car could be more comfortable for both of you as well.

One other benefit? Science shows us that the anticipation that builds in advance of a trip may lead to a happiness boost before the trip and could even help you enjoy the vacation more. That means that a long drive to get to your vacation destination might make the trip even sweeter when you finally do arrive.

Cons of Driving

Let’s be honest, though: When thinking about diving vs. flying, hitting the road has its downsides, too, however.

•   One of the more significant disadvantages, of course, is that you can’t just sit back and relax while you’re driving — you’re the one responsible for making sure the car gets there safely.

•   It also can take more work to plan a trip, as you have to choose what route you’ll take, where you’ll stay, and whether you’ll be hitting drive-throughs from California to New York or making reservations at noteworthy restaurants along your route. If you don’t do that prep work, you may end up piling into any motel you can find and grabbing food at any dingy rest stop. Nothing like driving for hours with greasy fast-food bags stinking up your car with stale french fry smell, right?

•   There’s also the consideration of the cost of gas and wear and tear to your car — though there are, of course, steps you can take to increase mileage and save money on gas. When you get on the road, you are risking a flat tire or worse, so it’s worth thinking about how you’d handle a roadside emergency. And the fact that you need to bring your A game and alertness for a long-haul trip.

•   And we can’t forget one of the main reasons many people choose to fly vs. drive: it takes a whole lot longer to drive than to fly. Think about cruising cross-country by car versus hopping a red-eye from Los Angeles to New York: One takes days, the other takes hours.

Pros of Flying

Booking a plane ticket is often the best option when deciding whether flying vs. driving is the best way to travel.

•   It’s faster — a whole lot faster! If you’re taking a business trip to attend a crucial half-day meeting in another city, your highest priority might be the speed of flying in and out. That time-saving advantage is one of the biggest pros when it comes to choosing to fly. A trip that could take days of driving might only take hours in the air.

•   Air travel can be more relaxing. You’re free to close your eyes and snooze away the hours until you arrive at your final destination. There’s no question of what route to take, where to stop, and when you’ll leave and arrive — the airline has that all figured out for you. You can take off from New York and wake up in L.A. ready to roll, without the exhaustion of a multi-day road trip holding you back.

•   Flying can be cheaper than driving. How, you ask? If your road trip involves an overnight stay at a hotel, it might tip the car travel into more expensive territory. The driving vs. flying cost might wind up surprising you!

Cons of Flying

Of course, there are downsides to flying to mull over also.

•   You’ll pay a premium in exchange for a speedy arrival and the convenience of flying. It is often more expensive to fly than to drive — possibly a lot more expensive. And if you are traveling with your squad or family, that price differential will be magnified.

Sometimes, on short flights, the time differential between flying and driving isn’t that much. If you’re thinking of taking a 60-minute flight versus a five-hour drive, it might be a wash when you think about getting to the airport, going through security, waiting to board, retrieving your luggage…you might actually be better off driving in terms of time invested.

•   You might also have to sacrifice a little personal space and dignity when flying. Airplane seats can be a tight squeeze, and more and more people are packed onto flights. This means that you can pretty much count on being kind of uncomfortable while you engage in a silent but cutthroat battle with your seatmate over who gets to use the single armrest.

•   And if you’re a nervous flier, the anxiety of air travel might outweigh the benefit of getting to your destination sooner.

Is It Cheaper to Fly or Drive?

For many people, the factor of whether it’s cheaper to fly or drive will determine how they travel. While you may be tempted to merely compare ticket prices to gas prices to decide which one is cheaper, don’t forget to take into account extra costs like eating out, luggage fees, and hotel rooms. These can wind up emptying out your checking account rather quickly! Let’s break this down for you in a bit more detail.

Calculating the Cost of Driving

Here are a few travel costs of driving to consider:

•   Gas

•   Hotel rooms

•   Eating out

•   Car maintenance

•   Possibility of having to rent a car if you don’t own one or yours isn’t available

•   Tolls

Hotel Rooms

There is of course a huge price spread in hotel rooms. If you are going to stay in a motel when driving, it will be much more affordable than pulling into a city and staying at a posh hotel fee where even garaging your car can be a considerable expense.

Maybe, however, you could use points from your rewards credit card to book a room, or perhaps you are a frequent guest at a hotel chain and could bring the cost down. These are among the many ways to lower hotel costs.

Opportunity Cost of Time Spent Driving

Another thing to consider is what you lose if you spend more than, say, a day driving. Do you have to take unpaid time off from work? Do you need to hire childcare since your kids are in school while you’re away? Think through the implications before you opt for a long haul on the highway.

Calculating the Cost of Flying

Now, think about the costs associated with flying:

•   Ticket

•   Seating choice

•   Luggage fees

•   Eating out

•   Transportation to and from the airport

•   Airport parking

•   Car rental, if needed

Rental Cars

The cost and availability of a rental car can vary tremendously. If you are renting a car in a small suburb, it likely won’t cost as much as hopping into the driver’s seat over Memorial Day weekend at a major city’s airport. Your destination city, location of car pickup and dropoff, size and style of car, and timing will all matter.

You can scan what rental company or credit card rewards might lower the price if you need to rent a car after a flight.

Accessing Remote Areas

Another factor to consider is where you’re heading to. Not all locations are easily and affordably accessed by plane. For instance, if you are heading to a destination wedding in the Rockies over the summer, you may find that the direct flights that were plentiful and lower-priced during ski season have become sparse, booked-up, and pricier than you expected.

Or you might find that the closest airport is hours away from your destination, so you will be renting a car and driving anyway. That could tip the balance and lead you to decide to drive the whole way vs. flying.

A Rule of Thumb for Deciding Which Saves You More Money

As far as rules of thumb, some say for trips of around 600 miles or shorter, it’s wiser to drive.

For longer trips, the value of driving will decline as the distance increases, unless of course you want to experience the pleasures of a road trip and stop off at some other places en route.

Obviously, there are also such variables as whether you are traveling a common and readily available route, such as from New York, New York, to Orlando, Florida, or if you are covering ground between two Western US locations that have infrequent and expensive flights.

Luckily, in this day and age, you don’t need a map and a calculator to figure out which transportation method will be more cost-efficient. You can easily use an online calculator like this one from Travelmath or this
one from BeFrugal to get an idea of how travel costs may compare whether you are driving or flying. Thankfully, technology is here to help you make the best choice for whatever trip you may be planning. Bon voyage!

SoFi: Better Banking at Home and on the Road

Technology isn’t just making travel-planning better; it’s improving banking too. And at SoFi we use it to bring you smart, seamless, and super-simple ways to manage your money.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

Is driving cheaper than flying?

Driving typically costs less than flying, but if you wind up needing to pay for lodging en route, it might not be as good a deal. You can use online tools to compare driving and flying costs for different itineraries.

How much more expensive is flying than driving?

Flying is typically more expensive than driving, but it’s important to consider other factors. For instance, if you fly to your destination, will you then need to rent a car? It can be helpful to use online tools to compare costs and find the best deal for the particular itinerary you have planned.

Is it more energy-efficient to fly or drive?

In recent years, studies have indicated that flying may be better than driving. However, the answer to this question depends on how many people are in your party. When multiple people share a road trip, the emissions per person are lowered. This, in turn, makes driving more environmentally friendly than taking to the skies. But if the choice is flying or driving cross-country solo, you’d be better off with the plane.

Should you drive 5 hours or fly?

If you drive five hours at 60 miles per hour, you will cover about 300 miles. That is considered a fairly short trip and so you may well be better off driving.

Is it better to drive 12 hours or fly?

If you drive 12 hours at 60 miles per hour, you will cover about 720 miles. That’s a significant distance, and it will deprive you of a day and a half of productive time, whether that means earning money or taking care of your family. Only you can assess which option makes more sense, based on cost, scheduling, and other factors.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOBK0723021

Individual retirement accounts, or IRAs, typically allow for a lot of flexibility in the kinds of investments you can make, from stocks and bonds to mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs).

However, most IRAs don’t allow certain alternative investments like precious metals, real estate, and cryptocurrency. If you want to hold assets like these in your retirement account, you’ll need a self directed IRA (SDIRA), a specific type of Roth or traditional IRA.

What Is a Self-Directed IRA (SDIRA)?

Self directed IRAs and self directed Roth IRAs allow account holders to buy and sell a wider variety of investments than regular traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs. Experienced investors, familiar with sophisticated or risky investments, often use these.

While a custodian or a trustee administers the SDIRA, the account holder typically manages the allocation themselves, taking on responsibility for researching investments and due diligence. These accounts may also come with higher fees than regular IRAs, which can cut into the size of your retirement nest egg over time.

What Assets Can You Put in a Self-Directed IRA or a Self-Directed Roth IRA?

Individuals can hold a number of unique alternative investments in their SDIRA, including but not limited to:

•   Real estate and land

•   Cryptocurrency

•   Precious metals

•   Mineral, oil, and gas rights

•   Water rights

•   LLC membership interest

•   Tax liens

•   Foreign currency

•   Startups through crowdfunding platforms

Recommended: Types of Alternative Investments

Types of SDIRAs

There are specific kinds of SDIRAs customized to investors looking for certain types of investments. The different types include:

Self-directed SEP IRAs

Simplified Employee Pension IRAs (SEP IRAs) are for small business owners or those who are self-employed so that they can make contributions that are tax deductible for themselves and any eligible employees they might have. This type of retirement account gives them the flexibility to invest in alternative investments.

Self-directed SIMPLE IRAs

A Savings Incentive Match Plan IRA (SIMPLE IRA) is a tax-deferred retirement plan for employers and employees of small businesses. Both the employer and the employees can make contributions to this plan. It allows for some alternative kinds of investments.

Recommended: SIMPLE IRA vs Traditional

Self-directed Cryptocurrency IRAS

There are a number of self-directed IRAs that investors can use for cryptocurrency investments if they are interested in crypto. This type of retirement account may be best for those who have experience with cryptocurrency.

Self-directed Precious Metal IRAs

Similarly, there are self-directed IRAs for those who would like to invest in precious metals like gold. However, be aware that some precious metal IRAs may charge higher fees than the market price for precious metals.

How Do Self-Directed IRAs Work?

Now that you know the answer to the question, what is a self directed IRA?, it’s important to understand how these accounts work and the self directed IRA rules. You’ll also want to familiarize yourself with the guidelines regarding opening an IRA if you have a 401(k).

Aside from their ability to hold otherwise off-limits alternative investments, SDIRAs work much like their traditional counterparts. SDIRAs are tax-advantaged retirement accounts, and they can come in two flavors: traditional SDIRAs and Roth SDIRAs.

Traditional IRA Contributions and Withdrawal Rules

IRA contributions to traditional accounts goes in before taxes, which reduces investors’ taxable income, lowering their income tax bill in the year they make the contribution. For 2023, individuals can contribute up to $6,500 in total across accounts. Those age 50 and up can make an extra $1,000 catch-up contribution for a total of $7,500. Investments inside the account grow tax-deferred.

It’s important to pay close attention to self directed IRA rules, particularly rules for IRA withdrawals. Once individuals begin to make withdrawals at age 59 ½, they are taxed at normal income tax rates. Account holders who make withdrawals before that age may owe taxes and a possible 10% early withdrawal penalty. Traditional SDIRA account holders must begin making required minimum distributions (RMDs) after age 73.

Roth IRA Contributions and Withdrawal Rules

Roth SDIRAs have the same contribution limits as traditional SDIRAs. However, retirement savers contribute to Roths with after-tax dollars. Investments inside the account grow tax-free, and withdrawals after age 59 ½ aren’t subject to income tax.

Roths are also not subject to RMD rules. As long as an individual has had the account for at least five years (as defined by the IRS), they can withdraw Roth contributions at any time without penalty, though earnings may be subject to tax if withdrawn before age 59 ½.

There are also rules restricting who can contribute to a Roth IRA, based on their income. In 2023, Roth eligibility begins phasing out at $138,000 for single people, and $218,000 for people who are married and file their taxes jointly.

Individuals can maintain both traditional and Roth IRA accounts, however, contributions limits are cumulative across accounts, and cannot exceed $6,500, or $7,500 for those 50 and over.

Traditional vs Roth SDIRA

There are some differences between a self-directed traditional IRA and a self-directed Roth IRA.

With a traditional SDIRA, you save pre-tax money for your retirement, just like you do with a traditional IRA plan. You pay taxes on the money when you withdraw it, which you can do without penalty starting at age 59 ½. However, a self-directed traditional IRA gives you the flexibility to invest in alternative assets, like real estate or precious metals.

With a self-directed Roth IRA, just like a regular Roth IRA, you make after-tax contributions to the plan. The withdrawals you make starting at age 59 ½ are tax-free, as long as you have had the account for at least five years, according to the five-year rule. With this type of self-directed IRA, you can invest in alternative investments, such as private equity, real estate, and precious metals.

💡 Quick Tip: Investment fees are assessed in different ways, including trading costs, account management fees, and possibly broker commissions. When you set up an investment account, be sure to get the exact breakdown of your “all-in costs” so you know what you’re paying.

Pros and Cons of Self-Directed IRAs

Self-directed IRAs offer unique perks for the right investor. However, those interested must weigh those benefits against potential drawbacks.

Benefits of Self-Directed IRAs

An SDIRA allows investors to branch out into different types of investments to which they might otherwise not have access. This allows investors to seek out potentially higher returns and diversify their portfolios beyond the offerings in traditional IRAs.

Alternative investments have the potential to offer higher returns than investors might achieve with stock market investments. However, investors beware: These opportunities for higher rewards come at the price of higher risk.

Also, investors’ ability to hold a broader spectrum of investments that can help them diversify their portfolio and potentially manage risks, such as inflation risk or longevity risk, the chance an investor will run out of money before they die. For example, some SDIRAs allow investors to hold gold, a traditional hedge against inflation.

Drawbacks of Self-Directed IRAs

While there are some very real advantages to using SDIRAs, these must be weighed against their disadvantages.

For starters, investments like stocks and shares of ETFs are highly liquid. Investors who need their money quickly can sell them in a relatively short period of time, usually a matter of days.

However, some of the investments available in SDIRAs are not liquid. For example, real estate, physical commodities like precious metals, or some types of cryptocurrency may take quite a bit of time to sell if you need to access your money. Individuals who need to sell these assets quickly may find themselves in a situation in which they must accept less than they believe the asset is worth.

SDIRAs may also carry higher fees. Individuals who hold regular IRA accounts may not have to pay management or investment fees. However, SDIRA holders may have to pay fees associated with holding the account and with the purchase and maintenance of certain assets.

Finally, SDIRAs place a lot of responsibility in the hands of their account holders. Investors must research investments themselves and perform due diligence to make sure that whatever they’re buying is legitimate and matches their risk tolerance.

What’s more, investors must make sure the assets they hold meet IRS rules. Running afoul of these rules can be costly, in some cases causing investors to pay taxes and penalties.
Here’s a look at the pros and cons of SDIRAs at a glance:

4 Steps to Opening a Self-Directed IRA

Investors who want to open an SDIRA will need to take the following steps:

1. Find a custodian or trustee.

This can be a bank, trust company, or another IRS-approved entity. You’ll need to follow their requirements for opening an IRA account. Some SDIRAs specialize in certain asset classes, so look for a custodian that allows you to invest in the asset classes in which you’re interested.

2. Choose investments.

Decide which alternatives you want to hold in your SDIRA. Perform necessary research and due diligence.

3. Complete the transaction.

Find a reputable dealer from which your custodian can purchase the assets, and ask them to complete the sale.

4. Plan withdrawals carefully.

Because alternative assets have less liquidity than other types of investments, you may need to plan sales well in advance of needing retirement income or meeting any required minimum distributions.

Investing in Your Retirement With SoFi

If you’re opening your first IRA account, you’re likely best served with a traditional or Roth IRA. Because of the complications involved in using an SDIRA, only sophisticated investors should consider it.

Ready to invest for your retirement? It’s easy to get started when you open a traditional or Roth IRA with SoFi. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

FAQ

Are self-directed IRAs a good idea?

There are advantages and disadvantages to self-directed IRAs. Benefits include the fact that you can make alternative types of investments you might not otherwise be able to. That could help you diversify your portfolio and potentially increase your returns.

However, there are drawbacks to SDIRAs, including higher risk because alternative investments tend to be riskier, and potentially higher fees for maintenance of investments in the plan and account fees. In addition, investors need to research the investments themselves and follow the IRS rules carefully to make sure they comply. Finally, many alternative investments are not liquid, which means they could take longer and be more difficult to sell.

Can you set up a self-directed IRA yourself?

To set up a self-directed IRA, find a custodian or trustee such as a bank or trust company to open an account, research and choose your investments, find a reputable dealer for the investments you’d like to make, and have your custodian complete the transactions.

How much money can you put in a self-directed IRA?

In 2023, you can contribute up to $6,500 to a traditional or Roth self-directed IRA, plus an additional $1,000 if you’re 50 or older.

Photo credit: iStock/Andres Victorero

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SoFi Invest®
INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE
SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.

SOIN0723092