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The Federal Reserve is frequently featured in headlines. You may have read about the bank’s chairman announcing that it would be adjusting interest rates up (and up again) recently. Or perhaps you’ve seen stories about how the bank tries to stimulate the economy and how well it maintains its independence.

But how much do you really know about the Federal Reserve system? Who owns the Federal Reserve bank, and how do central banks create money? These questions might seem abstract, but understanding how the system functions is key to getting a clear picture of how the U.S. economy works.

In short, the Federal Reserve — known as “the Fed” — is the country’s central bank. Its goals are much loftier than that of traditional banks: to make sure the U.S. economy works smoothly and serves the public interest.

Specifically, the bank tries to keep the financial system and individual institutions stable, protect consumers, and make sure the transactions system is secure and efficient.

Perhaps most importantly, the bank also manages short-term interest rates, which in turn affects the availability of credit and eventually things like consumer spending, investment, employment, and inflation.

The bank’s goals with these actions is to promote maximum employment, keep prices stable (traditionally, the bank aims for an inflation rate of 2%), and keep long-term interest rates moderate.

Here’s a closer look at the Fed, including:

•   Who owns the Federal Reserve Bank?

•   How do Federal Reserve banks get their money?

•   How is the Federal Reserve funded?

•   How does the Federal Reserve influence interest rates?

Who Owns the Federal Reserve Bank?

Even though parts of the Federal Reserve are structured like a private bank, the Fed is not owned by anyone. Congress created the Federal Reserve in 1913, and it remains an independent government agency. However, the board that oversees it — which is appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate — still reports to Congress today.

Its leaders are required to testify in Congress and submit a lengthy report on its plans twice a year. The Federal Reserve actually consists of 12 Reserve Banks spread across different regions of the U.S. Although each one has a board of directors and is incorporated, it’s not actually a private entity and the banks aren’t in business to make a profit.

Recommended: Checking vs Savings Accounts: All About the Differences

How Does the Federal Reserve Make Money?

The Federal Reserve does not “make” money exactly, in that it doesn’t print money — that’s the Treasury Department’s job. But it does serve as a bank for other banks and government agencies, allowing them to open accounts to hold their reserves, take out loans, issue government securities, and take other actions.

When it comes to other banks, the Fed is there to lend to them in case they have problems getting funding, either because of unexpected fluctuations in their loans and deposits or due to extreme events, such as the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the 2008 financial crisis, or the COVID-19 crisis.

The Fed lends at a higher rate than the market in order to ensure that it’s used as a last resort. The Federal Reserve does not lend money or provide bank accounts for individuals, as retail banks do. (Beware of scams that claim you can open an account with the Federal Reserve using your Social Security number.)

While the Federal Reserve does not actually print money, it does put in orders with the U.S. Treasury for “Federal Reserve notes” based on the demand it expects both domestically and internationally.

Federal Reserve notes are actually just another name for U.S. paper currency and no different from the dollars in normal circulation. For fiscal year 2022, the Federal Reserve’s board will be ordering between 6.9 billion and 9.7 billion notes, which will be valued at $310 billion and $356 billion. Most of these notes go to replacing bills that are no longer in usable condition.

Here’s more detail on how the Fed works and keeps our economy humming along.

Fractional Reserve Banking and the Money Multiplier

Fractional reserve banking describes the system in which only a fraction of the money on deposit is actually held as cash and available for withdrawals by customers. Here are a few aspects of this system to note:

•   The Federal Reserve wants to ensure that banks keep enough money on hand so that when customers come in seeking cash, they aren’t turned away. To accomplish this, the Fed sets a reserve requirement (often 10% of all deposits) that banks must keep available. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the shockwaves it sent through the economy, this was lowered to 0% in an effort to stimulate the economy.

•   The Fed buys treasuries to help create monetary reserves. It sends the funds to banks so they can make loans with it, up to that reserve requirement limit mentioned above.

•   Another aspect of fractional reserve banking is what is known as the money multiplier. Financial analysts use a money multiplier equation to calculate the impact of the funds kept on reserve on the economy in general. It estimates how much money is created in the economy by the reserve system.

   Here’s how the calculation looks: The amount on deposit is multiplied by one divided by the reserve requirement. So if a bank had $100 million on deposit, you would multiply that by one divided by 10% to get $1 billion. That $1 billion represents money potentially created by lending out the 90% not kept on reserve at the bank.

Recommended: What is Fractional Reserve Banking and How Does it Work?

The Credit Market Funnel

Another way of looking at the Federal Reserve’s role in our nation’s economy is the credit market funnel, meaning that the Fed funnels funds to businesses to grow the economy. Say the U.S. Treasury printed $20 billion in new bills, and the Fed credited $80 billion in liquid accounts. You might think the American economy got an infusion of $100 billion. But it’s actually much more than that. Credit markets act as a funnel in terms of distributing funds. As new loans are issued, more money is created. That $100 billion could trigger a tenfold monetary increase to $1 trillion.

Determining the Money Supply

Here’s another facet of what the Federal Reserve does: It considers whether our country’s money supply should be boosted. This can impact the state of the American economy. A larger money supply can lower interest rates and get more cash to consumers, which typically stimulates spending. If the Fed does feel that the money supply needs to be increased, it will typically augment bank reserves. It might purchase Treasury bonds and distribute those to banks’ reserve funds. The banks can then use some of those funds for loans and other activities.

Money Creation Mechanism

As you’ve learned, the Federal Reserve plays a vital role in determining how and when to influence the money supply in the U.S. economy. It often boils down to the Fed buying securities and putting them in the reserves of commercial banks. Those banks can then augment the amount of money in circulation by lending funds to both businesses and consumers.

Recommended: Money Management and Setting Your Financial Goals

How Is the Federal Reserve Funded?

So where does the Fed get its money? Unlike other government agencies, the Federal Reserve doesn’t get its money from Congress as part of the usual budget process.

Instead, Federal Reserve funding comes mainly through interest on government securities that it bought on the open market.

These primarily include U.S. Treasury securities, mortgage-backed securities, and government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) securities.

How much money does the federal reserve have? As of mid-August 2022, the Fed had nearly $8.9 trillion in assets on its balance sheet. Those have grown significantly compared to 15 years ago, when the Fed had just around $870 billion in assets.

The reason for this has to do with the Fed’s response to the Great Recession and the COVID-19 crisis, among other factors. But remember how the Federal Reserve isn’t in it for the profit?

Once it pays its own overhead, the rest of its earnings go right into the country’s coffers in the U.S. Treasury. In 2021, the Fed transferred $109 billion to the Treasury, up from $87 billion in 2020 and $55 billion in 2019.

How the Fed Affects Interest Rates

In its attempts to steer the ship of the U.S. economy on a solid course, one of the main things the Fed does is influence interest rates. The Fed can either raise or lower the federal funds rate , which is the rate at which financial institutions that hold deposits can borrow and lend funds they keep at Federal Reserve banks from each other.

The Federal Open Market Committee, which is made up of some members of the Fed’s Board of Governors and others, meets multiple times a year to determine what they want the federal fund rates to be.

These decisions then influence other longer-term interest rates, such as those on savings accounts, mortgages, and loans.

The Fed often cuts interest rates to energize the economy by making it less expensive for businesses and consumers to borrow money. It raises rates when inflation seems too high, as has been the case recently.

The rate had been cut to the 0-0.25% rate in March of 2020 due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and its expected economic impacts. However, by July of 2022, with inflation surging to 40-year highs, the rate was raised to the 2.25% to 2.50% range. While this may sound high to those who focus on the previous historic lows, it’s worthwhile to consider a bit of context. A 2.5% rate is far below 5.25%, where it was in June 2006, and way lower than its peak of 20% in 1978 and 1980, when the Fed was reacting to runaway inflation.

The Takeaway

Understanding the role of the Federal Reserve in our economy and how it is funded is an important bit of learning. It explains how the Fed balances our money reserves, controls inflation, and stimulates the economy’s growth. Especially in the current economic climate in which inflation has been high and the effects of the global pandemic are still being felt, knowing how the Federal Reserve works can enhance your financial literacy. This in turn can help you better manage your own money.

Another way to boost your money management can be to bank smarter with SoFi. When you open an online bank account with SoFi, you’ll enjoy perks that can help your money grow faster and streamline your life. For instance, your Checking and Savings account will let you spend and save, all from one convenient place. And when you open an account with direct deposit, you’ll earn a competitive APY and pay zero fees. What’s more, eligible accounts can access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall. Enjoy up to 4.60% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

How does the Federal Reserve obtain money?

If you’re wondering where does the Federal Reserve’s money come from, the answer isn’t from Congress, as many people might expect. Rather, the Fed makes money mainly through interest on government securities — such as U.S. Treasury securities, mortgage-backed securities, and government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) securities — that it bought on the open market.

Who gives money to the Federal Reserve?

The Federal Reserve isn’t given money; it finances its operations via the interest made on the securities it owns.

Is the Federal Reserve self-funded?

Yes, the Federal Reserve is self-funded. It doesn’t get money via Congress but through the interest earned on the government securities that it buys.

Does the Federal Reserve print money out of thin air?

While the Federal Reserve has the power to print money, there’s a delicate balance at work. If the Fed just ordered the Treasury Department’s Bureau of Engraving and Printing to print more money without a commensurate increase in economic activity, it could trigger inflationary growth, which isn’t desirable.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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“Liquid assets” is a phrase that gets tossed around frequently in financial circles but what exactly does it mean? Liquid assets are any assets that can be easily and quickly converted into cash. In fact, people often refer to liquid assets as cash or cash equivalents, because they know that the asset can be exchanged for actual cash without losing value.

Here’s a closer look at the topic and how liquid assets can contribute to your financial wellbeing, including:

•   What makes an asset liquid?

•   What are examples of liquid assets?

•   What are examples of non-liquid assets?

•   Why are liquid assets important?

•   How can you start building liquid assets?

What Makes an Asset Liquid?

What is a liquid investment, and where does it fit into your financial picture? First, it helps to understand liquid assets’ meaning. Liquidity means that you can readily access an asset as cash. While you might own any number of valuable assets (e.g., your home, retirement accounts, collectibles) and these can be considered part of your overall net worth, only liquid assets can generate cash quickly, when circumstances demand it. If you needed cash quickly, you likely would not be able to sell your home overnight to get money.

For an asset to be considered liquid, it must be traded on a well-established market with a large number of buyers and sellers. It also must be relatively easy to transfer ownership. Think: stocks, bonds, mutual funds and other marketable securities.

Generally, you can sell stocks and obtain cash readily. By contrast, you probably couldn’t sell your vintage watch collection that fast, and even if you could, there are a number of factors that might influence how much cash value you might obtain from the sale.

To recap: The number of willing market players, high trading volumes, and easy transfers mean that liquid investments can be sold for cash quickly and without losing much value in the process. And although cash and cash equivalents pose very little risk of loss, they also have little or no capacity for growth.

What Investments Are Considered Liquid Assets?

As you can see, the primary advantage of liquid assets is that they can be converted to cash in a short period of time. For example, stock trades must be settled within two days, according to Securities and Exchange Commission rules. Here, you’ll learn more about what are considered liquid assets.

Examples of liquid assets

•   Stocks. Are stocks considered liquid assets? They often are because they can be converted into cash when you sell them. Keep in mind, though, that the most liquid stocks might be the ones that many people want to buy and sell. You may have a more difficult time liquidating stocks that are in lower demand.

•   U.S. Treasuries and bonds. These instruments are relatively easy to buy and sell, and are usually done so in high volume. They have a wide range of maturity dates, which helps you to figure out when you want to liquidate them. Because U.S. Treasuries are often considered relatively safe and dependable, the interest rates are somewhat lower and could be a good fit for investors who are looking to mitigate risk.

•   Mutual funds. Mutual funds are pooled investment vehicles that hold a diversified basket of stocks, bonds, or other investments.

◦   Open-end mutual funds are considered more liquid than closed-end funds because they have no limit on the number of shares they can generate. Also, investors can sell their shares back to the fund at any time.

◦   Closed-end mutual funds, on the other hand, are less common. These funds raise capital from investors via an IPO; after that, the number of shares are fixed, and no new shares are created. Instead, closed-end funds shares can only be bought and sold on an exchange, and thus are considered less liquid than open-end fund shares because they’re more subject to market demand.

•   Exchange-traded funds and index funds. Like mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and index funds allow individuals to invest in a diversified basket of investments. ETFs are traded like stocks, throughout the day on the open market, which makes them somewhat more liquid than index funds, which only trade at the end of the day.

•   Money market assets. There are two main types of money market assets:

◦   A money market fund is a type of mutual fund that invests in high-quality short-term debt, cash, and cash equivalents. It’s considered low-risk and offers low yields. It is therefore thought of as a relatively safe vs. risky investment. You can cash in your chips at any time, making money-market funds a liquid investment.

◦   Money market funds are different from money market accounts, which are a type of savings account that’s insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).

•   Certificates of deposit. If you have money in a certificate of deposit or CD, this might be considered semi-liquid because your money isn’t available until the official withdrawal date. You can withdraw money if you need it, but if you’re doing so before the maturity date, you’ll likely pay a penalty.

What Assets Are Considered Non-Liquid?

There are, of course, many assets that are not easy to liquidate quickly. These assets typically take a long time to sell or for the deal to close. You’ll get your money, but most likely not right away, and there may be time or costs associated with the conversion to cash that could impact the final amount. That’s why assets like these are considered illiquid or non-liquid assets.

Examples of non-liquid assets

•   Collectibles. Items like jewelry and artwork, as well as hobby collections like stamps and baseball cards, may be hard to value and difficult to sell.

•   Employee stock options. While employee stock options can be a valuable form of compensation, they may also be highly non-liquid. That’s because employees must typically remain with a company for years before their options vest, they exercise them, and they finally own the stock.

•   Land and real estate. These investments often require negotiation and contracts that can tie up real estate transactions for weeks, if not months.

•   Private equity. There are often strict restrictions about when you can sell shares if you’ve invested in private equity assets such as venture capital funds.

Liquid Assets in Business

If you’re running a business, accounts receivable — the money you’re owed from clients — are often considered to be a liquid asset, because you can typically expect to be paid within one or two months of billing.

Any inventory you have on hand, such as office furniture or a product you’re selling, can also be considered liquid, because you could sell them for cash if need be. The liquid assets on your company balance sheet usually list cash first, followed by other assets that are considered liquid, in order of liquidity.

Having more liquid assets is desirable because it indicates that a company can pay off debt more easily. When businesses need to determine how cash liquid they are, they often look at the amount of their net liquid assets. When all current debts and liabilities are paid off, whatever remains is considered their liquid assets.

Are Retirement Accounts like IRAs and 401(k)s Liquid Assets?

Retirement accounts, such as Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) and 401(k)s are not really liquid until you’ve reached age 59 ½. Withdraw funds from your account before then, and you may face taxes and a 10% early withdrawal penalty.

What’s more, you can hold a variety of assets inside retirement accounts. For example, if you hold a money-market fund inside your IRA, that is a liquid asset. But you could also hold real estate, which very much isn’t.

Recommended: How to Start a Retirement Savings Plan

Reasons Why Liquid Assets Matter

Other than the most obvious reason, which is that cash gives you a great deal of flexibility and can be essential in a crisis, liquid assets serve a number of purposes.

•   Calculating net worth: To calculate your net worth, subtract your liabilities (your debt) from your assets (what you own, which can include your liquid assets).

•   Applying for loans: Lenders might look at your liquid assets when you apply for a mortgage, car loan, or home equity loan. If your liquid assets are high, you may get better terms or lower interest rates on your loans. Lenders want to know that if you were to lose your job and/or your income, you would be able to continue to pay back the loan using your liquid assets.

•   Business interests: Having liquid assets on your balance sheet is a signal that your business is prepared for an emergency or a market shift that could require a cash infusion.

Are All Liquid Assets Taxable?

While income is money you earn or receive, an asset is something of value you possess that can be converted to cash at some point in the future. While owning an asset doesn’t make it taxable, converting it to actual cash would, in most cases.

The IRS has many rules around how the proceeds from the sale of assets can be taxed.

The IRS considers taxable income to include gains from stocks, interest from bonds, dividends, alimony, and more. Gains on the sale of a home might be taxed, depending on the amount of the gain and marital status. If you aren’t sure whether income from the sale of an asset is taxable, it might be wise to consult a professional.

Is It Smart to Keep Cashing In Liquid Assets?

The point of maintaining a portion of your assets in liquid investments is partly for flexibility and also for diversification. The more access to cash you have, the more prepared you are to navigate a sudden change in circumstances, whether an emergency expense or an investment opportunity.

Having a portion of your portfolio in cash or cash equivalents can also be a hedge against volatility.

Thus, it may be worth keeping a mix of both liquid and non-liquid assets to help you reach your short-term financial goals as well as longer-term ones. And while cashing in liquid assets might be necessary, it’s also prudent to keep some cash on hand in case you need it.

There is no set formula for every investor’s situation, but beginning investors may want to focus on gathering a few months’ worth of expenses in the form of liquid assets for the sole purpose of emergencies and unexpected expenses.

How Liquid Are You?

To figure out how liquid you are, make a list of all your monthly expenses, from rent/mortgage on down, including even your streaming service subscription. Then, make a list of all your liquid assets and investments (being careful to pay attention to the definition of liquid assets vs. illiquid assets, as it can be confusing).

Then, total all your monthly expenses, and compare that sum to the liquid assets in your possession.

Does your total savings cover six months’ worth of monthly expenses? If so, congrats! If not, you’re not very liquid. Don’t despair, though. There are ways to build up more liquidity by growing your emergency fund.

Where to Start Building Liquid Assets

As you start to build your liquid assets, first consider saving a cash cushion in the form of an emergency fund, which should be enough to cover any unexpected expenses that might come along.

Envision what you might need in the event of a crisis (e.g., a job loss, divorce, health event, and so on). In terms of how much to save in an emergency fund, aim to accumulate three to six months’ worth of expenses to cover basic bills, repairs, insurance premiums and copays, as well as any other personal or medical expenses.

One good way to build liquidity is to set money aside every week, month, or have a set savings amount auto-deducted from each paycheck. The digital age has made it easier than ever to put automatic deductions in place. Simple savings or checking accounts can be a good place to start.

From there, you may consider opening a retirement account or a taxable brokerage account where you can invest in potentially more lucrative liquid investments, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and ETFs.

The Takeaway

Liquid assets are simple enough on the surface. Unlike illiquid or non-liquid assets that can keep your money tied up and can be hard to sell (like a home, a car, collectibles), liquid assets can be converted into cash relatively easily — typically with little or no loss in value. Liquid assets can include cash equivalents like money market accounts, or marketable securities like stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and ETFs.

Liquid investments can play a surprisingly important role in your portfolio (as an individual investor) or your business.

While cash and cash equivalents can be relatively safe, they also offer more flexibility — which can be essential in life and in business. Having ready access to cash can help you pay off debt, cover a crisis, or be able to invest in new opportunities.

To start building more liquidity, you need access to an account like SoFi Checking and Savings — an online bank account that can hold your cash savings. When you sign up with direct deposit, you will earn a competitive APY, plus you won’t pay any account fees. It’s simple to sign up, and you’ll enjoy features that make auto-savings especially easy.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall. Enjoy up to 4.60% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

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President Joe Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act in Aug. 2022. While the law’s name alludes to the Biden administration’s desire to bring down historically high price growth, analysts say its impact will be felt in domestic energy production, climate investments, and drug price reform. And the measures laid out in the law could save consumers thousands of dollars a year.

Because the new law could lower energy bills and provide tax and other incentives for consumers, it’s important to know what’s in the new law so you can take advantage of potential savings. Here is a rundown of the Inflation Reduction Act and how it could save you money.

What Is the Inflation Reduction Act?

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, or the IRA for short, is a law intended to curb inflation by reducing the deficit, promoting domestic energy production, and lowering healthcare costs. President Joe Biden signed the IRA on Aug. 16, 2022.

The Biden administration and Congressional Democrats pushed to pass this legislation to tackle the highest levels of inflation the United States has experienced in more than 40 years. Additionally, the lawmakers wrote the law intending to combat climate change by investing in domestic energy production and carbon-reducing and green technologies.

Analysts estimate that the IRA will raise more than $700 billion in savings and revenue over 10 years through new taxes and tax and prescription drug pricing reform. This revenue will be raised, in part, through a 15% corporate minimum tax, a 1% stock buyback fee, and enhanced Internal Revenue Service (IRS) tax enforcement.

In contrast, the law will lead to more than $400 billion in new spending and tax cuts related to climate, energy, and healthcare initiatives. In all, the new law may reduce the federal budget deficit by about $300 billion over the next ten years.

Recommended: How to Protect Your Money During Inflation

Will the Inflation Reduction Act Reduce Inflation?

Experts believe the Inflation Reduction Act will have a negligible effect on bringing down inflation in the short term.

Inflation, which rose 8.5% annually in July 2022, is near the highest it has been since the early 1980s. The Federal Reserve started to raise interest rates in early 2022 to bring down prices, but it remains to be seen if the monetary policy moves will effectively curb inflation. Nonetheless, economists believe that short-term inflation reduction is the job of the Federal Reserve.

However, over the medium- to long-term, fiscal policy, like the Inflation Reduction Act, could reduce consumer costs. Specifically, analysts have said that the law’s measures to increase oil, gas, and clean energy production and lower prescription drug prices may bring down inflation over the next ten years.

How the Inflation Reduction Act May Save You Money

Proponents of the Inflation Reduction Act say that the law will cut consumers’ energy bills by $500 to $1,000 per year due to lower fuel prices, electricity rates, and more efficient energy consumption.

The law may also make it more affordable for consumers to purchase electric vehicles and deliver a range of tax incentives and rebates that provide direct, material benefits to consumers.

Because many of the Inflation Reduction Act’s consumer benefits come from rebates and tax credits, it’s best to talk with a financial and tax expert to understand how you may benefit from the law.

Recommended: A Guide to Understanding Your Taxes

Home Energy

The law extends a tax credit through 2032 for households and consumers who make energy-efficient home upgrades. Households can get up to $1,200, or 30% of the total cost, in tax credits for energy efficiency improvements like new doors, windows, or insulation. Additionally, households can get up to $2,000 in tax credits for installing efficient heating, cooling, and water heating equipment, such as a heat pump.

These credits take effect immediately; households can claim the credit for new purchases. Households can also claim these credits multiple times in subsequent years. For example, a household can claim the tax credit in both 2022 and 2023 if they buy and install new windows for a bedroom this year and new windows for a kitchen next year.

The Inflation Reduction Act also provides a 30% annual tax credit through 2032 — and phases down after 2032 — for households that install clean energy systems like solar energy, wind, geothermal heat pumps, fuel cells, and battery storage.

Recommended: Solar Panel Financing in 4 Ways

The law also sets aside $8 billion for a state-run program for low- and middle-income households that provide rebates for new, energy-efficient upgrades. These rebates are:

•   Up to $1,750 for a heat pump water heater

•   Up to $8,000 for a heat pump for heating or air conditioning

•   Up to $840 for an electric stove, cooktop, range, or oven; or an electric heat pump clothes dryer

•   Up to $4,000 for an electric breaker box upgrade

•   Up to $1,600 for insulation, air sealing, and ventilation

•   Up to $2,500 for electric writing

These rebates may be available to buyers who make 80% or less than the area median income (AMI), while buyers who make up to 150% of the AMI may see a smaller benefit. Eligible households or individuals may not receive more than $14,000 in rebates.

Recommended: Strategies to Lower Your Energy Bill When Working From Home

Electric Vehicles

The Inflation Reduction Act provides a tax incentive for purchasing new and pre-owned clean vehicles, like electric vehicles (EVs) or hydrogen fuel cell cars, and for supporting equipment. The tax credits for clean vehicles are:

•   Up to $7,500 for a new clean vehicle

•   Up to $4,000 for a pre-owned vehicle

However, restrictions on what kinds of clean vehicles are eligible for the tax credit may limit how the incentive benefits consumers. The vehicles must meet specific criteria to qualify for the tax credit, such as:

•   Vehicles must be assembled in North America

•   A certain percentage of a battery’s components must be mined or produced in the United States or a country with a free trade deal with the U.S.

•   The MSRP of a pickup or SUV must not be over $80,000; other personal vehicles must not exceed $55,000

Additionally, to qualify for the tax credit, the income of the buyer of a clean vehicle must not exceed $150,000 if single, $225,000 if the head of a household, or $300,000 if married.

Healthcare

The Inflation Reduction Act is expected to provide benefits to individuals with health insurance coverage under Medicare.

The law enacts prescription drug pricing reform, allowing Medicare to negotiate prices for some drugs starting in 2026. This new measure may impact consumers who are prescribed one of the drugs with negotiated prices, resulting in lowered healthcare costs. Previously, Medicare was not allowed to negotiate drug prices.

Furthermore, the law caps insulin costs for people on Medicare at $35 per month starting in 2023. In 2025, out-of-pocket drug costs for Medicare beneficiaries will be capped at $2,000 per year.

Recommended: Beginner’s Guide to Health Insurance

The Takeaway

Since the Inflation Reduction Act is so new, the overall effects of the law are still unclear. But for now, consumers should be aware of the potential impacts of the law on their wallets. This is especially the case for individuals interested in making energy-efficient upgrades to their homes; the new law provides incentives that could lead to thousands of dollars in savings per year.

Looking for more ways to boost your savings? Consider opening an online bank account with SoFi. When you open our Checking and Savings with direct deposit, you can earn a competitive APY — and not worry about fees or overdraft charges. Plus, eligible account holders have access to their paycheck up to two days early.

Sign up with SoFi: It’s the smarter way to bank.

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Photo credit: iStock/sturti

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

In our efforts to bring you the latest updates on things that might impact your financial life, we may occasionally enter the political fray, covering candidates, bills, laws and more. Please note: SoFi does not endorse or take official positions on any candidates and the bills they may be sponsoring or proposing. We may occasionally support legislation that we believe would be beneficial to our members, and will make sure to call it out when we do. Our reporting otherwise is for informational purposes only, and shouldn’t be construed as an endorsement.

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With all the talk of rising interest rates, it’s natural for consumers to assume that the rates on their bank accounts are headed up too.

To fight record inflation, the Federal Reserve (the Fed) has raised the federal funds target rate — a key borrowing rate — four times this year, to a current 2.25% to 2.5% and is expected to do so again in the Fall. This comes after years of the near zero or zero rate levels.

Higher rates result in consumers paying more for mortgages, credit cards, auto loans, home equity lines of credit, and other loans. The Fed rates also affect how much interest is earned on savings accounts, certificates of deposit (CDs), and other accounts. Thus, the silver lining to rising rates would seem to be that the interest on your bank accounts would finally rise above near zero levels.

Unfortunately, that’s not always what happens.

While some banks and financial institutions have raised interest rates on savings, many have not. One reason is simply that it takes longer for some banks to respond to rising interest rates than others. Another issue is that, due to high levels of pandemic saving, many institutions aren’t looking to woo new customers (and more deposits) with attractive interest rates.

Here’s a closer look at why your bank account may not be earning the interest you think it should.

How Fed Rates Affect Banks

When you hear that the Fed has raised (or lowered) interest rates, it is referring to the federal funds rate, which is the target interest rate at which banks borrow and lend money to one another. This has a ripple effect across the entire economy.

When interest rates rise, loans become more expensive for banks and, in turn, consumers and businesses. However, it can also mean higher yields for savers. That’s because, when you have a savings account at a bank, you are effectively letting the bank borrow your money, and the institution pays you interest in return.

In a higher-rate environment, banks may start raising the annual percentage yield (APY) on savings accounts and rewards checking accounts to attract new customers. However, that’s not always how it works, at least not right away.

Recommended: What Is a Good Interest Rate for a Savings Account?

How Banking Lending and Borrowing Works

When you — and all bank customers — make a deposit to your checking or savings account, your bank uses that money to make higher interest loans, such as personal loans, car loans, and mortgages. That’s a chief way banks make money.

With people saving more during the pandemic, banks have seen their deposits skyrocket. The result, at least for the short term, is that many institutions don’t need to attract checking and savings customers with competitive interest rates because they already have plenty of cash on hand to use for lending.

Also, when banks pay interest on customers’ savings accounts in a low-rate environment, which has been the case for many years, they may pay more than what they make when they lend to other banks. The result is that some banks have to slash profits to keep paying interest to savers or even go into the red. Now that rates are rising, some of these institutions are holding back on increasing APYs to help make up for those lost profits.

Some Banks Lag Behind the Fed Longer than Others

It may be that your bank will raise rates on your savings or checking account soon. They just haven’t done it in sync with the Fed’s announcements.

Typically, online savings accounts respond more quickly to Fed rate changes. This is because there is generally a lot more competition among online banks for customers (and their deposits). APYs offered by traditional brick-and-mortar banks often react much more slowly to Fed rate increases, and yields hardly ever rise as high as the Fed’s interest rate.

What’s important to remember is that banks don’t increase rates at the same time or at the same rate as the Fed. It’s a good idea to keep an eye on both your savings and your credit accounts to see what moves your bank is making.

A Note About Brick-and-Mortar Banks

Big banks with lots of physical locations generally have higher operating expenses than online banks and, as a result, may be reluctant to offer higher rates that cut into profits.

But that’s only part of the story, says Brian Walsh, senior manager of financial planning at SoFi. Big banks know their customers often experience inertia when it comes to changing banks. “They may have started their account in college or when they were setting up direct deposit at their first job. Those customers tend to just stick around,” he explains. As a result, big banks may determine they won’t lose customers if they don’t raise rates, so they are less likely to do so.

Recommended: Traditional Banking vs. Online Banking: What’s Better for You?

Customers Often Overestimate How Difficult it is to Change Banks

Often banking customers are reluctant to switch because they overestimate the amount of time or paperwork it will take,” says Walsh. They may feel a slightly higher interest rate just isn’t worth the trouble. According to SoFi research from February 2021, a third of 1,600 respondents said they see no benefit to switching their bank or financial institution.

Walsh acknowledges that there is some time involved in changing banks, but notes that the hour or two you spend will likely pay off over time. “The difference between close to zero percent interest on your savings account and 1.80% can add up to a lot of money,” he says.

Recommended: How to Earn More Interest On Your Money

The Takeaway

Even if the Fed is raising rates, banks and other financial institutions don’t necessarily follow, at least not immediately. They may decide it doesn’t fit into their business and profit strategies to raise rates on customer accounts. They may also be counting on the fact that banking customers often experience inertia when it comes to switching to a higher paying bank, especially if they have been using an established institution for a long period of time.

Understanding why your bank account interest rates don’t move in tandem with the Fed’s actions can help determine if you should make a change. If you’re not satisfied with the interest you’re currently earning on your accounts, you may want to consider an online bank account like SoFi’s all-in-one Checking and Savings account. When you open an account with direct deposit, you can earn a competitive APY. Plus, you won’t pay any account fees.

Ready for a change? Come check out what SoFi has to offer.

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Photo credit: iStock/Brankospejs

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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