Your 40s can be a pivotal decade in your life. It’s typically a time of peak earnings, growing family responsibilities, and an increased focus on long-term financial stability. You may have a house, kids, and a busy job. College expenses may be looming. Maybe you’re hatching a plan to start your own business or buy a beach house that’ll one day be your empty-nester home.
To navigate these years successfully, it’s essential to make strategic financial moves that can secure your future and make your plans and dreams a reality. Here are some critical financial planning tips to consider as you move through your 40s.
7 Financial Moves to Make During Your 40s
In your 40s, you’re old enough to know what you want and likely have enough earning years ahead to achieve your goals — if you manage your money right. The following strategies can help you build wealth in your 40s.
1. Maintain or Replenish Emergency Funds
Life is full of unexpected twists and turns. Not all of them are fun, such an expensive car or home repair, a medical emergency, or losing your job. An emergency fund offers financial stability during a stressful time. It also saves you from running up expensive debt that could derail your financial goals.
A general rule of thumb is to have six to 12 months’ worth of living expenses stashed away for the unexpected. If you already have an emergency fund but it has been partly or fully depleted, you’ll want to prioritize replenishing it to maintain financial security.
Consider setting up automatic transfers into savings to build your emergency fund consistently. Keep these funds in a liquid, easily accessible account, such as a high-yield savings account, to ensure you can access the money quickly when needed.
2. Manage Your Debt
Debt management is a crucial aspect of financial planning at any age, but it becomes even more critical in your 40s. Since high-interest debts, like credit card balances, can significantly hinder your ability to save and invest for the future, you’ll want to prioritize paying them off as quickly as possible.
One strategy that can help is the avalanche payoff method. Here, you list your debts in order of interest rate from highest to lowest, then put extra money toward the highest-interest debt, while continuing to pay the minimum on the others. Once that debt is paid off, you put your extra funds toward the debt with the next-highest rate, and so on.
Alternative approaches to paying down high-interest debt include getting a low- or no- interest balance transfer credit card or taking out a personal loan for debt consolidation with a lower rate than you are paying on your cards.
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3. Revisit Retirement Saving
In your 40s, you’re roughly at the midpoint between entering the workforce and traditional retirement age. How you invest and save for retirement at this point in your career can strongly impact your future assets and ability to one day retire comfortably.
If you’re not currently contributing to a retirement plan, such as a 401(k) or individual retirement account (IRA), now’s a good time to start. If you have been, it’s time to assess your progress. Consider how much of a nest egg you will need to retire and, using an online retirement calculator, whether your current plan will get you there.
If you’re behind on your savings, consider stepping up your contributions or, if you’re already contributing the max allowed, making “catch-up” contributions down the road. Starting at age 50, the IRS allows higher maximums designed to help people catch up on their retirement savings goals.
4. Plan for Childrens’ College Expenses
If you have kids, planning for their future education expenses may be top of mind. College costs continue to rise, and early planning can alleviate future financial stress. If you haven’t started saving for college expenses, you may want to explore opening a 529 college savings plan, which offers tax advantages and can be a flexible way to save for educational expenses.
An online college cost estimator can help you determine how much you need to stash away each month or year, based on the year your child will likely attend college and the type of school they might choose.
Just keep in mind that it’s important to balance college savings with other financial goals, like retirement. As kids get closer to leaving the nest, you may also want to encourage them to apply for scholarships and grants, and explore financial aid options.
5. Choose or Reevaluate Insurance Coverage
Insurance is an important component of financial planning in your 40s. You’ll want to evaluate your current insurance coverage and make sure it’s adequate to meet your family’s needs. This includes not only health and home insurance, but also life and disability insurance.
Life insurance provides financial security for your family should you die prematurely. If you don’t currently have a life insurance policy, consider purchasing one. If you do have one, you’ll want to make sure your policy’s coverage amount is sufficient to cover your family’s current living expenses, outstanding debts, and future financial needs, such as college tuition for your children.
It’s also a good idea to review your disability insurance, which protects your income if you’re unable to work due to illness or injury. Many companies provide a policy through work. However, you may want to consider supplementing employer-provided coverage or, if you’re self-employed, getting your own policy. This offers a different, but equally important, safety net for you and your family.
Recommended: Which Insurance Types Do You Really Need? Here Are 6 to Consider
6. Invest Outside of Retirement
While retirement accounts are crucial, investing outside of retirement can diversify your portfolio and help you achieve goals that may be five or 10 or more years away, such as a downpayment on a vacation home or a child’s wedding.
Though investing carries risk and can be volatile in the short term (which is why you generally don’t want to invest funds you’ll need in the next few years), an investment account has the potential to grow more than other types of accounts over the long term. Consider taxable investment accounts that align with your risk tolerance and financial objectives.
7. Meet with a Financial Professional
Getting expert advice on managing your finances can be invaluable at this stage of life. Whether you opt for regular meetings or simply go for a one-time consultation, a financial professional can provide valuable insights and help you navigate complex financial decisions.
An advisor will typically look at your whole financial picture and assist you with creating a comprehensive financial plan. This may include optimizing your investment strategy and ensuring you’re on track to meet your goals, including retirement, investments, and college savings.
The Takeaway
It’s never too late to take control of your finances. In your 40s, you are likely entering your prime earning years, so it’s a good time to focus on paying down debt, preparing for the next chapter of your children’s lives, and saving and investing for your future retirement. With some wise money moves, you’ll be set to make the most of this decade and beyond.
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FAQ
What financial goals should a 40-year-old have?
Ideally, a 40-year-old will want to focus on several financial goals. These include:
• Establish or maintain an emergency fund with three to six months’ worth of essential living expenses.
• Reduce financial burdens by paying off high-interest debt.
• Ensure you’re on track with retirement savings by maximizing contributions to retirement accounts.
• Start or continue saving for children’s college expenses through plans like 529s.
• Consider investing outside of retirement to diversify your portfolio and build wealth.
How much should a 40-year-old have saved?
By age 40, financial advisors often recommend having three times your annual salary saved for retirement. This benchmark ensures you’re on track to meet long-term financial goals and maintain your desired lifestyle in retirement.
In addition, you’ll want to maintain an emergency fund with three to six months’ worth of living expenses.
Savings outside of emergency and retirement, such as investments in taxable accounts, can further enhance financial security. The exact amount can vary based on individual circumstances, income, lifestyle, and future goals.
How can I build my wealth in my 40s?
To build wealth in your 40s, you’ll want to focus on several strategies:
• Maximize retirement account contributions, taking full advantage of employer matches.
• Pay off high-interest debts to free up resources for savings and investments.
• Establish or maintain an emergency fund to cover unexpected expenses without derailing financial goals.
• Consider additional income streams, such as side businesses or rental properties.
• Diversify investments across stocks, bonds, real estate, and other assets to balance risk and growth potential.
Photo credit: iStock/shapecharge
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