Financial Topics Archives | Page 98 of 786

Feb

2024

What Is a SIMPLE 401(k) Plan & How Do You Utilize It?

By Austin Kilham | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing, Preparing for Retirement | Comments Off

The Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees 401(k), or SIMPLE 401(k), is a simplified version of a traditional 401(k). SIMPLE plans were created so that small businesses could have a cost-efficient way to offer a retirement account to their employees.

Unlike many other workplace retirement plans, SIMPLE 401(k) plans do not require annual nondiscrimination tests to ensure that a plan is in line with IRS rules. This type of testing can be prohibitively expensive for small employers, preventing them from using other types of 401(k)s.

A SIMPLE 401(k) retirement plan is available to businesses with 100 or fewer employees including sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations. For small business owners or self-employed individuals, understanding how SIMPLE plans work can help decide whether it makes sense to set one up.

For employees whose employer already offers a SIMPLE 401(k), getting to know the ins and outs of the plan can help to understand the role they play in saving for retirement.

How Does a SIMPLE 401(k) Work?

A SIMPLE 401(k) functions much like a regular 401(k). Employees contribute pre-tax money directly from their paycheck and invest that money in a handful of options offered by the plan administrator.

In 2024, the SIMPLE 401(k) limits are as follows: The maximum for employee elective deferrals is $16,000 ($15,500 in 2023); employees 50 and older could make an additional “catch-up” contribution of $3,500 to boost their savings as they neared retirement.

One significant difference between traditional 401(k) plans and SIMPLE 401(k) plans is that while employer contributions are optional with a 401(k) plan, under a SIMPLE 401(k) plan they are mandatory and clearly defined. Employers must make either a matching contribution of up to 3% of each employee’s pay or make a nonelective contribution (independent of any employee contributions) of 2% of each eligible employee’s pay. The contribution must be the same for all plan participants: For example, an employer couldn’t offer himself a 3% match while offering his employees a 2% nonelective contribution.

There are other limits on how much an employer can contribute. The maximum compensation that could be used to figure out employer contributions and benefits is $345,000 for 2024 ($330,000 for 2023). So if an employer offered a 2% nonelective contribution and an employee made $355,000 a year, the maximum contribution the employer could make would be 2% of $345,000, or $6,900.

As with a regular 401(k), contributions to a SIMPLE plan grow tax-deferred — meaning an employee contributes pre-tax dollars to their plan, and doesn’t pay income tax on that money until they withdraw funds upon retirement. Typically, the tax-deferred growth means that there is more money subject to compounding interest, the returns investments earn on their returns.

Withdrawals made during retirement are subject to income tax.

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Who Is Eligible for a SIMPLE 401(k)?

To be eligible for a SIMPLE 401(k), employers must have 100 or fewer employees. They cannot already offer these employees another retirement plan, and must offer the plan to all employees 21 years and older.

Employers must also file Form 5500 every year if they establish a plan.

For employees to be eligible, they must have received at least $5,000 in compensation from their employer in the previous calendar year. Employers cannot require that employees complete more than one year of service to qualify for the SIMPLE plan.

A SIMPLE IRA is also one of a number of retirement options for the self-employed.

What Are the Pros of a SIMPLE 401(k) Plan?

SIMPLE 401(k)s offer a number of benefits that make them attractive to employers and employees.

• Simplified rules: While large companies may have the money and staff to devote to nondiscrimination testing, smaller companies may not have the same resources. SIMPLE 401(k)s do not have these compliance rules, making them more accessible for small employers. What’s more, the straightforward benefit formula is easy for employers to administer.

• “Free money”: Employees are guaranteed employer contributions to their retirement account, whether via 3% matching contributions or 2% nonelective contributions.

• Fully-vested contributions: All contributions — those made by employees and their employers — are fully vested immediately. Employees who qualify for distributions can take money out whenever they need it. While this can be good news for employees, for employers it removes the option to incentivize workers to stay in their job longer by having their contributions vest several years into their tenure with the company.

• Loans and hardship withdrawals: While withdrawals made before age 59 ½ are subject to tax and a possible 10% early withdrawal penalty, employees can take out loans against their SIMPLE 401(k) just as they can with a traditional 401(k). These options add flexibility for individuals who need money in an emergency. It’s important to note that 401(k) loans come with strict rules for paying them back. Failing to follow these rules may result in penalties.

What Are the Cons of a SIMPLE 401(k) Plan?

While there are plenty of positives that come from offering or contributing to a SIMPLE 401(k), there are also some important downsides.

• Plan limitations: Employers cannot offer employees covered by a SIMPLE 401(k) another retirement plan.

• Lower contribution limits: For 2024, a traditional 401(k) plan allows for $23,000 annual maximum 401(k) contributions from employees, with an additional $7,500 catch-up contribution for those 50 and older. These contribution limits are considerably higher than SIMPLE plan limits, which in 2024 are $16,000 with an additional “catch-up” contribution of $3,500 for employees over age 50. This means an employee could potentially contribute an additional $7,000 in elective deferrals and $4,000 in catch-up contributions with a traditional 401(k) rather than a SIMPLE 401(k).

• Limited size: SIMPLE Plans are only available to employers with fewer than 100 employees. That means if a business grows beyond that point, they have a two-year grace period to switch from their SIMPLE plan to another option.

SIMPLE 401(k) vs SIMPLE IRA

Generally speaking, when comparing SIMPLE IRAs and SIMPLE 401(k)s, the rules are similar:

• They’re only available to businesses with 100 or fewer employees.

• Employers must either offer a 3% matching contribution or a 2% nonelective contribution.

• Employers can only make contributions on up to $345,000 in employee compensation in 2024.

• Employee contribution limits to SIMPLE IRAs are the same as their 401(k) counterparts.

• Employer and employee contributions are fully vested immediately.

There are a few differences worth mentioning:

• Whereas all employer contributions are subject to the cap for SIMPLE 401(k)s, only nonelective contributions are subject to the $345,000 compensation cap for SIMPLE IRAs. (This makes it possible that employees making more than $345,000 annually may receive higher matching contributions from a SIMPLE IRA than they would from a SIMPLE 401(k).)

• If employers make matching contributions of 3%, they may elect to limit their contribution to no less than 1% for two out of every five years.

• SIMPLE IRAs do not allow employees to take out loans from their account for any reason.

• There are no minimum age requirements for SIMPLE IRA contributions.

The Takeaway

SIMPLE 401(k) plans can be especially attractive for self-employed individuals or small business owners, as they have many of the same benefits of a traditional 401(k) plan — including tax-deferred contributions and loan options — but without the administrative compliance costs that come with a regular 401(k) plan.

SIMPLE 401(k) plans can be especially attractive for self-employed individuals or small business owners.

Some of the requirements and rules associated with a SIMPLE 401(k) plan might be unattractive to some employers, however, including the fact that the IRS prohibits employers from offering other types of retirement plans to employees who are covered by a SIMPLE 401(k).

There are many answers to the question of which retirement savings plan is right for you or your business. Beyond traditional 401(k) and SIMPLE (401)k plans, there are traditional, Roth, SIMPLE and SEP IRAs, among other options.

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FAQ

Who is a SIMPLE IRA best for?

A SIMPLE IRA may be a good option for small business owners with no more than 100 employees who want to offer a retirement savings plan to their employees. These plans tend to be fairly simple to set up and administer compared to some other plans. A SIMPLE IRA allows employers to contribute to their own and their employees’ retirement savings.

What is the 2 year rule for SIMPLE IRAs?

The 2-year rule says that during the first two years an individual participates in a SIMPLE IRA plan, they can only transfer money to another SIMPLE IRA. After the two years are up, they can make tax-free rollovers to other non-Roth IRAs or to another employer-sponsored retirement plan.

Does money grow in a SIMPLE IRA?

Money may grow tax-deferred in a SIMPLE IRA until distributions are taken from the plan in retirement. Withdrawals can be made without penalty at age 59 ½.

What happens to my SIMPLE IRA if I quit my job?

If you have participated in the SIMPLE IRA plan for at least two years, you can make a tax-free rollover to another non-Roth IRA or to a new employer’s workplace retirement plan. However, if you’ve participated in the plan for less than two years, you can only transfer your money to another SIMPLE IRA.

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Feb

2024

How to Use an ATM

By Jacqueline DeMarco | Family Finances, Life & Career, money | Comments Off

An automated teller machine (ATM) can be a convenient way to deposit or withdraw money, check your account balance, and conduct other aspects of your banking business. But did you know there are ways to make the process easier, faster, and perhaps less expensive?

In this guide, you’ll learn more about ATMs, including:

• What is an ATM

• How do you use an ATM machine?

• How can you avoid ATM fees?

• What are things you can and cannot do at an ATM?

• What are tips for staying safe at an ATM?

What Is an ATM?

An ATM (short for automated teller machine) is a device that performs some of the same functions as a human teller at a bank, such as dispensing cash. ATMs made their U.S. debut in Rockville Centre, NY, in 1969, and there are currently between 520,000 and 540,000 of these devices in America.

Almost anywhere you go, you can find an ATM, providing certain banking services quickly and conveniently. For example, it is usually possible to find ATMs in major hotel lobbies, at grocery stores, in shopping centers, and in airports. (They also may turn up at convenience stores, night clubs, restaurants, and other places where cash could be needed.)

You can typically check your bank account balance and withdraw cash from ATMs. It’s likely you can deposit cash at an ATM or possibly checks (although deposits have more restrictions than withdrawals).

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How Does an ATM Work?

An ATM machine gives bank customers easy access to their banking resources at various locations and around the clock. You insert your card into a reader that scans your banking information, and you can then conduct transactions. (At some locations, contactless transactions may be possible; see more on this below.)

Here are some of the main functions an ATM can usually perform:

• Withdraw cash.

• Make deposits, but to do so, the device typically needs to be within the same network as the customer’s bank. Often, it’s not possible to make a deposit at an out-of-network ATM or, if it is, you’ll be charged a fee.

• Check your account balance, which can help you avoid overdrafting when making a withdrawal or using your debit card. The balance can appear on the screen or on the printed receipt. It’s usually only free to check an account balance at an in-network ATM. If the ATM is out-of-network, this service may come with a fee.

Some ATMs do make it possible to access their services without a debit card present. This is known as a cardless withdrawal. How does an ATM work without your plastic in hand? These types of withdrawals are typically supported by a smartphone app that uses technology such as a QR code in lieu of a debit card. This can provide the ATM with the account information it needs to complete the transaction.

Things You Can’t Do at an ATM

ATMs do have limitations; here are some things consumers likely can’t do at an ATM.

• Withdraw coins or low-value bills

• Open a new account (unless you have preselected and prescreened)

• Close an account

• Send a money order

• Purchase a cashier’s check.

How Much Are ATM Fees?

It may be free to use an in-network ATM, but when there isn’t one around and you need cash (or to conduct another transaction), you’ll likely be hit with a fee for using an out-of-network device.

It’s wise to read the fine print associated with your checking account to better understand what kind of fees you may need to pay to use an ATM. It can also be helpful to make note of where some local in-network ATMs are. This can make avoiding ATM charges easier.

How much can ATM fees be?

• The average out-of-network fee is currently $4.73. This typically includes a $1.58 fee levied by your bank and an average of $3.15 charged by the ATM’s owners.

• Additionally, if you are traveling internationally, you may have fees of, say, $2 to $5 to make withdrawals as well as a conversion fee.

Worth noting: Several banks will waive fees when their clients use an out-of-network ATM. If you often rack up many out-of-network ATM fees, you might want to look into which banks offer this service.

How to Find an ATM

If you are hunting for cash or need to deposit a check, here are a couple of ideas for how to find an ATM:

• You can usually use your banking app to find ATMs. There may be a map function or you may be asked to enter a zip code to see nearby devices.

• If you bank at a traditional vs. online bank, you can visit a branch which will often have ATMs available.

• There are third-party services that can help you access surcharge-free ATMs.

To make this process easier, you can bank with a financial institution that has a large network of ATMs you can use without a fee. Allpoint and STAR are examples of these networks.

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How to Withdraw Money from an ATM

Want to use an ATM machine to withdraw cash? Here are the standard steps.

1. When prompted by the screen, insert your debit card into the machine.

2. Enter your PIN number. This is the custom PIN (personal identification number) associated with the debit card linked to their checking account.

3. Choose the transaction type. In this case, it would be a withdrawal.

4. Pick the account to access. If you have multiple bank accounts, this will make sure the money is coming from the right place.

5. You’ll likely be prompted to enter the dollar amount you want to withdraw (or press the option showing your choice of amounts), and you may be asked to select your bill denominations.

6. Take the card back. Now it’s time to complete the transaction. Many ATMs say to take your card back and then the machine will dispense your cash.

How Much Money Will an ATM Let You Take Out?

There are typically limits on how much you can withdraw from an ATM. (This is often done to make sure there is enough cash in the machine to go around vs. a few customers draining the funds.)

• Daily withdrawal limits are typically between $300 and $5,000.

Check with your bank to learn its limits and whether it determines that by calendar day or by a 24-hour period.

How to Deposit Money at an ATM

Next, take a look at how to use an ATM machine to deposit money. Keep in mind that only certain ATMs will accept deposits, so you want to be aware that depositing money may not be a possibility at the ATM closest to you.

1. Find an in-network ATM or an ATM that allows deposits to the bank associated with your debit card.

2. Insert your card and enter your PIN (typically a 4-digit code).

3. Choose “deposit” as your transaction type.

4. Type in the exact amount of the intended deposit.

5. Insert the cash or check. If this is a check, endorse the back first; then follow the on-screen instructions to get your card back and a receipt, if desired.

Recommended: What to Do if an ATM Eats Your Deposit?

Other Transactions You May Be Able to Complete at an ATM

Now that you know how to withdraw money at an ATM and deposit as well, take a look at some of the other things banking customers can often do at these devices.

Cash Checks and Money Orders

Some ATMs may let you cash checks for free as well as money orders. These are typically in-network ATMs.

Make Bill Payments

At some ATMs (such as those in the Chase network) allow you to pay the mortgage, home equity loan, or credit card bill you have with them at an ATM.

Get a Cash Advance From a Credit Card

You may be able to get a cash advance from a credit card (though this typically carries a high interest rate, so proceed with caution).

Tips to Keep Yourself Safe at ATMs

With both in-person and online banking, security is important. When using an ATM machine, it’s important to learn how to do so safely, whether making a deposit or withdrawal. Here are some tips for staying safe:

• Be aware of your surroundings. If there is someone loitering around an ATM that you’d like to use (especially at night), you might want to go elsewhere.

• You may feel safer using ATMs located in bank branches.

• Here’s what you should do before approaching an ATM: Have your card in your hand as you approach the device versus fumbling through your pockets or bag while at the ATM.

• Cover the keypad when entering in the PIN number so no one else can see it. Some keypads are designed in such a way as to help protect your personal information as you type in those digits.

• Review ATMs closely for misaligned card readers, skimming devices (more on that in a moment), or suspicious markings before using one.

• If you are withdrawing cash, put it away ASAP when you receive it. Don’t walk away from the ATM with cash in your hands.

Also be aware that there are ATM scams. One common one involves card skimmers, a device that a fraudster attaches to an ATM (or gas pump card reader) in order to fraudulently collect the account information of users. Inspect card readers for signs of tampering; you may try to wiggle an ATM’s card reader to detect card skimmers.

If you have reason to be concerned, it could be wise to avoid this ATM and look for another or else get some cash back at, say, your grocery store to tide you over.

The Takeaway

ATMs can offer a convenient way to access a number of basic but essential banking services (such as withdrawing and depositing cash) without having to actually visit a branch location during business hours. It’s important to remember to pay attention to ATM fees, which are much easier to avoid when using an in-network ATM. It’s also essential to keep safety in mind to avoid theft or fraud when using an ATM.

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FAQ

What if the ATM gave me too much money?

Sorry, it’s not free cash. Contact your bank (or the owner of the ATM, if the device is out-of-network) and explain what happened. Keep your receipt, and follow the advice given.

What are the pros and cons of ATMs?

The major pro of using an ATM is probably convenience; you can access some banking services during non-business hours or wherever you may be. The cons associated with ATMs include the fact that services are limited, fees may be charged, and there’s the possibility of theft.

How many times can I use an ATM?

How many times you can use an ATM often depends on how much money you withdraw each time. Most banks limit the dollar amount someone can withdraw (usually $300 to $5,000) per day. Check your bank for its withdrawal limits.

Can I use my debit card at any ATM?

You can generally use a debit card to withdraw cash (although not necessarily to make deposits) at any ATM, even if it is out-of-network. However, making a withdrawal at an out-of-network ATM can lead to having to pay fees.

What should you do before you approach an ATM?

Before approaching an ATM, you should look around and make sure no one is loitering nearby. It’s also wise to have your debit card ready to use in your hand vs. having to dig for it at the terminal.

How much money will an ATM let you take out?

Banks typically have withdrawal limits per day. These vary among financial institutions but are usually between $300 and $5,000.

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SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Feb

2024

5 Ways to Send Money Online to Family and Friends

By Kim Franke-Folstad | Budgeting & Goals, money | Comments Off

Situations can crop up all the time where you want to send money to someone you know. Perhaps your coworker brought you back a cold brew (nice) or you need to pay your roommate for your share of the utility bill. Fortunately, there are plenty of ways to move cash from your account to theirs, from using mobile payment apps to traditional money transfer services like Western Union.

Which method you choose to transfer funds will depend on to whom you are sending the money, where the recipient is located, how much money you need to send, and how fast the money needs to get there.

Read on to learn all about several safe, quick, and easy ways to send someone money. You’ll discover:

• How to send money instantly

• How the different money-transfer methods compare

• What are ways to send money online internationally

• How to stay safe when sending money online

1. Money Transfer Services

Money transfer companies have been around for decades, and some — like Western Union and MoneyGram — still have locations all around the world where you can send money to a person so they can go and pick it up. In some cases, you may be able to send money directly into a person’s bank account or mobile wallet.

• What you need: The recipient’s full name, phone number, address, bank name and account details for electronic transfers to them. For a recipient who will pick up the money in person, you may just need the person’s full name and address.

• Fees: The fees for money transfer services can vary based on how you’re paying (with a credit or debit card, or directly from your bank account), where you’re sending the money, and how much you’re sending.

• Timing: Depending on the delivery and payment methods, the money may arrive within a few minutes or in a few days.

• Reach: Unlike many other money transfer options, these services typically offer both domestic and international transfers. Western Union, for example, specializes in the ability to send or receive cash quickly overseas.

Worth noting about these services: Since they allow you to send money via money orders and other methods, they can be a good way to transfer funds to or from someone without a bank account.

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2. Bank-to-Bank Transfers

Knowing how to transfer money from one bank to another can be valuable when you want to move funds.

• What you need: You will likely need the routing number and account number where you are sending funds to, and you may have to verify your identity before completing the transfer.

• Fees: Many banks allow you to click on their transfer feature and send money to a bank account at another bank, often with no fees involved.

• Timing: It usually takes just a day or two to move the funds.

• Reach: These are typically done domestically. If you want to send funds internationally, you may need to complete an international wire transfer.

3. Send a Check Via Your Bank

Although they may not be as popular as they once were, checks are still a reliable way to send money to someone.

• What you need: You will need the name of the person receiving the check (the payee) and possibly their mailing address if you are sending a check.

• Fees: Checks are typically included at no charge when you open a bank account. If you don’t have any checks handy, you can order checks from your bank or retailers. This can be done online, and check prices can range from five cents to more than 20 cents per check.

• Timing: Once deposited, the money should move into the recipient’s bank account and be available in a couple of days or possibly up to a week, depending on such factors as when it is deposited and how.

• Reach: In the US, it should be no problem to deposit a check (even if it’s from an international account). However, if you are planning to mail a check to someone in a foreign country, you may want to check with them to make sure they can deposit it at their bank without any issues.

4. Wire Transfers

Wire transfers offer another way to send money to someone. They can be a good option for sending a large amount of money that is needed extremely quickly, for both domestic and international transactions.

• What you need: In terms of how to wire money, you can call, visit, or go online with your bank or a wire transfer company. For a domestic transfer, you will need the recipient’s name, address, and bank account and routing number.

For international transfers, you will also need the bank’s SWIFT code plus possibly the International Payments System Routing Code.

• Fees: Domestic wire transfers may be free for some banking customers, but the median charges tend to be $25 for outgoing wire transfers and $15 for incoming wire transfers (meaning your recipient may be assessed a fee for receiving funds this way).

Internationally, the figures are a median of $15 for incoming international wire transfers and $45 for outgoing international wire transfers.

• Timing: Typically, domestic wire transfers can be completed in one day (perhaps even within hours or sooner), and international ones can take up to a few days.

• Reach: Bank policies vary; some may offer only domestic wire transfers, others also do international transfers, and some offer neither service.

5. Third Party Person-to-Person (P2P) Apps

A growing number of P2P services (also known as person-to-person or peer-to-peer services) allow customers to use an app or website to send money from a bank account, a credit card, or a debit card to someone else.

You are probably familiar with these apps. If you went out with friends for dinner but didn’t have money on you, your pal might pay for the whole meal. You could then pay your friend without cash by using Zelle or another app to send them what you owe. These services can possibly provide an answer to the questions, “How to send money instantly to a friend or family member?”

The set-up, services, and transaction times can vary somewhat from one app to the next. Generally, however, they’re easy to use and are typically free, although there may be fees involved (say, to expedite the transfer of funds to a bank account, or when paying using a linked credit card).

Some, though not all, providers may require both the sender and receiver to set up an account within the same transfer service.

Here are some popular P2P providers to consider:

Zelle

You can make a money transfer using the Zelle app or, if your financial institution partners with Zelle (and many do), you can use your mobile banking app or your bank’s website.

• Zelle works with traditional and online banks, as well as credit unions.

• Money moves directly from your bank account to your recipient’s bank account. So, if you’re both already registered with Zelle, the company says it takes just minutes to complete a transfer. That’s one path to instantly send money to a person or retailer.

• Zelle doesn’t charge any fees to send or receive money. However, you may want to check with your financial institution to be sure it doesn’t add a fee for the service.

• You can’t cancel or reverse a payment made in error.

PayPal

PayPal is the grandaddy of money transferring apps. It remains popular because it’s so ubiquitous, tends to be easy to use, and offers a variety of payment methods.

• It’s free to register for an account, and when you send money to another PayPal account holder, the money can be transferred to that person’s bank account as soon as the next day.

• Sending money to someone in the US through a PayPal account balance or linked bank account is free, but there may be extra costs if you use a credit or a debit card, or if the money is going overseas.

Cash App

Cash App is another P2P money transfer app that’s used in the US and the United Kingdom.

• Both parties involved in a transaction must download the app and log in.

• There are no extra charges to send funds, although your bank might assess a fee if you move money internationally, and you’ll be assessed a fee if you use a credit card to fund your transaction.

• There are limits to how much you can send at first: $250 during the first seven days after you sign up, but after a month, you can send up to $1,000 at a time.

Venmo

Venmo is a subsidiary of PayPal, and the process and costs for sending money to someone work in much the same way.

• There’s also a social aspect to Venmo that has made it popular. You can add friends, share posts, and use emojis. Or you can change your settings to keep things a bit more private.

• Transfers between Venmo accounts are instantaneous.

• If you realize you made a mistake, the transfer cannot be undone.

Facebook

Facebook allows users to send and receive money free of charge through both the Messenger app and Meta Pay (previously known as Facebook Pay).

• Both the person sending and the person receiving the money need to live in the U.S. and link a debit card or PayPal account to Facebook or Messenger.

• Meta Pay works similarly to Messenger, but unlike Messenger, it allows users to send and receive money across its platforms (Facebook, Messenger, Instagram, and WhatsApp).

• Meta Pay also enables users to purchase things, such as games and items for sale on Facebook Marketplace and Instagram, and to link a major credit card, in addition to a debit card or PayPal account.

• As with other services listed here, you can’t cancel a payment after you send it.

Apple Cash

Apple Cash is a digital card that is built into the wallet of iPhones. It allows you to spend in stores and online and in apps with Apple Pay.

• You can load the card with cash and use it where Apple Pay (the technology behind it) is accepted.

• You can send and receive Apple Cash from friends and family with iPhones through Messages or your Apple Wallet.

• You can use Siri to send money using spoken instructions.

• Within a seven-day period, you can send or receive a maximum of $10,000.

• Children with iPhones can send and receive cash this way.

• There’s no fee to send, receive, or request funds with Apple Cash.

• You may be able to cancel an Apple Cash transaction if the recipient hasn’t yet accepted the payment.

Google Pay

Google Pay is another service you can use to send money. You’ll need either the Google Pay or Google Wallet app, plus at least one form of payment, such as a debit card or a credit card. Not all cards are compatible yet with Google Pay so do a bit of research to see if yours are.

• You can use Google Pay in stores and online.

• Within a seven-day period, you can send up to $5,000 if you’re verified (or $500 if your identity hasn’t been verified).

• It’s a free service to pay for goods and services.

• Google Wallet is currently available in dozens of locations globally.

• It may be possible to cancel some Google Pay transactions.

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Is It Safe to Transfer Money Online?

You may wonder, “Are mobile payment apps safe?” Overall yes, but remember: Any time your personal information is online, the possibility exists that someone could access it and use it to steal your money.

So even though banks and other major money transfer networks are taking state-of-the-art steps to prevent hacking and cybertheft, no financial site or mobile app is entirely without risk. Bank account fraud and similar crimes can happen when scammers get a hold of your financial details.

Fortunately, there are some simple steps you can take to help safeguard your money:

Only Do Business with a Secure Network

If you’re making a transfer using a website, it’s a good idea to make sure the URL starts with (https://) and there’s a little padlock in front of the web address in the search bar. This shows that the site is secure and the data you enter will be encrypted.

If you don’t see these signs of a secure transaction, there is a chance that your personal and banking details could be visible to others during the transaction. This can in turn lead to fraud and identity theft.

Make Sure Your Device Is Protected

Even if you believe you’re dealing with a secure site, it’s wise to make sure you have the most up-to-date antivirus and antimalware programs enabled on your devices and run regular scans.

Yes, this may seem like a hassle, but the trouble caused by malware can be devastating. Malware can be downloaded onto your device, say, when you plug in to charge your phone at an airport or other public venue or when you click on a fraudulent link. It can then pull highly personal data off your phone and lead to you having to report identity theft.

Don’t Download Any App You Haven’t Vetted

Before you download a financial app, make sure that it’s the one intended. There are plenty of lookalike, sound-alike apps out there.

Then, make sure that you feel confident in the security protocols it has in place. Most financial apps list their security measures somewhere on their description in the app store (it might be under the privacy policy). You’ll also find reviews there.

Use a Strong Password

Here’s another important security protocol for financial apps or any app that involves your personal information. It’s a good idea to make your password as long and complicated as possible. Consider using a mix of numbers, upper- and lowercase letters, and throw in a symbol or two. Don’t use the obvious “password123” option, nor your birthdate, which could easily be available on social media sites.

Also, it’s best not to use the same password for every account you have. Use a well-reviewed password manager if you could use some help handling your passwords.

Vet People and Companies Before You Send Them Money

Do your research before hitting “send.” On some payment apps, you can friend people before you send any funds. This can help you make sure that you are sending money to the person you intend to vs. someone else with a very similar name or handle.

Also, because it’s so easy to transfer money to someone, it’s also easy to get scammed. And often there’s no going back on a transfer once the money is in the other person’s account. So be wary when using these apps to make purchases online.

Double-check All Your Info

Making sure you have the right name, address, account information, and other details for the person you’re sending money to. That can help keep your money from going to the wrong place. It’s easy to make a typo on mobile devices (and actually anytime you’re typing), especially when multitasking or transferring funds while on the go.

If you’re sending a large sum, you may want to send a small test amount first to confirm you have everything correct.

Keep a Record of the Transaction

Consider holding onto the proof of transfer until your recipient confirms that he or she has access to the money. The transfer might take a few minutes or a few days.

Typically, with wire transfers, you have hard copies from a brick-and-mortar bank or downloaded receipts via your banking app or website that you can keep on hand. With checks, the canceled check (or an image of it) can serve as proof that funds were accessed.

Recommended: Guide to ACH Routing Numbers

The Takeaway

Transferring funds to another person has become increasingly quick and easy as technology and financial services have evolved, with such alternatives as a payment app, a wire transfer, a bank transfer, or money transfer service. Depending on the particulars of your transaction, whether you’re repaying a friend for the sushi they got you or making a purchase, there’s likely an affordable and reliable option or two.

Having the right banking partner can help make money transfers as well as all your other everyday financial transactions fast, simple, and safe.

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FAQ

Can someone send me money if I don’t have a bank account?

If you don’t have a bank account, you can still receive money via services like Western Union (which can give you cash), and Cash App, PayPal, and Venmo (which can likely give you prepaid debit cards).

Can you send money by text?

Apple Cash and Google Pay (and possibly other services) make it possible to send money by text.

What is the fastest way to send money electronically?

If you want to start sending money instantly online, services like Zelle and Google Pay can be very quick ways to transfer money electronically. The money can be delivered within minutes. Wire transfers are also regarded as a fast way to move large sums or make international transfers.

How can I send money to someone instantly with routing and account numbers?

You can likely use your financial institution’s transfer feature as a way to transfer money to another account if you have the routing and account numbers. However, you will usually also need the recipient’s name and address, as well as their bank’s name.

How can I send money to someone instantly without a bank account?

If you don’t have a bank account, you can use a money transfer service (such as Western Union or Moneygram) and pay in cash. The funds will be then forwarded as you direct them. Services like Venmo and Cash App may be another good way to move money; you can link them to a prepaid debit card or a credit card.

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Feb

2024

How to Write a Will Online in 8 Steps

By Kelly Boyer Sagert | Insurance | Comments Off

When you’re creating a will, you generally have two options: hire an attorney who specializes in estate planning or write a will online using software and templates. The second path is often used when someone has a more straightforward financial situation.

Either way, a will (or, more formally, a last will and testament) is an important legal document that makes clear how you’d like your assets to be distributed after you die. If there are minor children involved, it can also name the guardian.

If you think creating an online will is right for your situation, read on for a step-by-step guide for how to write a will online.

8 Steps to Writing a Will Online

To legally make a will, the testator (the person making the will) must be at least 18 years old and of sound mind — meaning they are generally aware of how much property and other assets they have and understand what they’re signing.

Assuming these conditions are met, here are the general steps to follow for writing a will online.

Step 1: Be Clear About Your State’s Laws

Each state has distinct laws when it comes to the number of people who must witness the will, whether the document needs to be notarized and more. Know what your state requires before you get started.

💡 Quick Tip: We all know it’s good to have a will in place, but who has the time? These days, you can create a complete and customized estate plan online in as little as 15 minutes.

Step 2: Choose the Software You’ll Use

A quick search of terms like “how to do a will online” will provide you with plenty of template options. You might also consider asking friends and family members if they’ve used a software that worked well for them.

Then, compare your options. Pay attention to factors such as:

• Cost: Check pricing structures and fees. Some services will charge a flat fee for services rendered, while others may require a subscription to the site before you can make a will. What services are included in those fees? Which ones aren’t? Some sites have a yearly fee, which you may find worthwhile if the will is being reviewed one or more times a year by an estate planning attorney.

• Ease of use: Just like with any other DIY service, some companies will guide you through how to make a will online more seamlessly than others. Find out how you can get answers to questions and if there’s any extra cost for this. Some sites may offer online support or provide a phone number to call. Check, too, to see if the company offers information on estate planning basics.

• Company reputation: Only work with reputable companies. To investigate, you can read online reviews, search for news coverage of the company and check with the Better Business Bureau (BBB) for any complaints about deceptive practices.

Recommended: How Much Does It Cost to Make a Will?

Step 3: Name an Executor

After selecting a software, you’ll need to choose an executor, which is the person who manages the estate after the testator dies. Assets (what you own) and liabilities (what you owe) typically go into the estate, and it’s up to you to decide which assets to include in your will.

When you die, the executor is responsible for paying off outstanding debts and then appropriately distributing remaining assets to the beneficiaries, which are the people who receive assets from your estate as set out in your will. This process will include overseeing probate, a court-supervised proceeding where a will is confirmed as authentic, debts are paid off, and assets get distributed.

Additionally, it is the executor’s duty to keep your assets safe before distribution and otherwise manage financial issues until the estate is closed.

You’ll typically want to pick someone you trust as your executor, such as a family member or even an attorney. You can also choose more than one person to serve as your executor.

Step 4: Decide How You Want to Distribute Assets

As part of writing a will online, you’ll list your beneficiaries and what they will receive. For example, you might leave 100% of your estate to a spouse or significant other. Or, you may leave one-third of your estate to each of your three children.

For each of your beneficiaries, list their full legal name, contact information, date of birth and what assets they should receive. Focus on who would inherit your house, cars, bank accounts, and any other significant asset.

You may also decide to list a secondary beneficiary. This person (or people) would inherit your assets if the primary beneficiaries were to pass away before you do or otherwise won’t inherit. The will making software may refer to secondary beneficiaries as contingent beneficiaries.

Also keep in mind that there are asset distributions that aren’t covered by a last will and testament — in other words, your non-probate assets. Accounts where you name beneficiaries outside of your will can include retirement or pension accounts, life insurance policies, and certain bank accounts, among others. Because you’ve already named beneficiaries here, you won’t need to include these accounts in your will.

Recommended: Types of Wills

Step 5: Name a Guardian for Minor Children

In a will, you can also list who would take in your minor children (if any) in the event you were to die. This is an important decision, and you should verify that the guardian you plan to name would be willing to serve in this role.

This is also the area of the will where you can list specific wishes about how your child would be brought up, whether that’s related to religion or their education, and so forth.

Step 6: Follow State Laws to Sign Your Will

To make your will legal and binding, you’ll need to sign it according to your state’s laws. Typically, this means that you must sign the document in the presence of two witnesses who are not beneficiaries or direct relatives.

Step 7: Let Key People Know Where Your Will Is Located

Knowing how to make a will online and appropriately completing the process is important — but the process doesn’t quite end there. You’ll also want to let the executor and other key people know where the document can be found. You can put it in a safe or store it electronically as two possibilities.

Step 8: Update Your Will As Necessary

Every few years, review your will to see if any updates should be made. Also review the document if you encounter any major life changes, including:

• Having a child or grandchild

• Getting married or divorced

• Becoming widowed

• Experiencing a substantial change in your finances (for better or worse)

• Developing significant health issues

• Moving to a different state

Also update your will if you want to change your beneficiaries or what they’ll inherit.

💡 Quick Tip: It’s recommended that you update your will every 3-5 years, and after any major life event. With online estate planning, changes can be made in just a few minutes — no attorney required.

The Takeaway

When wondering how to write a will online, these steps will take you through the process. Once you’ve chosen a software service that’s right for you and your will is created, make sure to store it somewhere safe (and that people know where that is) and that you continue to make updates to your will as your life continues to change and evolve.

When you want to make things easier on your loved ones in the future, SoFi can help. We partnered with Trust & Will, the leading online estate planning platform, to give our members 15% off their trust, will, or guardianship. The forms are fast, secure, and easy to use.

Create a complete and customized estate plan in as little as 15 minutes.

Photo credit: iStock/monkeybusinessimages

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All services from Ladder Insurance Services, LLC are their own. Once you reach Ladder, SoFi is not involved and has no control over the products or services involved. The Ladder service is limited to documents and does not provide legal advice. Individual circumstances are unique and using documents provided is not a substitute for obtaining legal advice.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SOPT0124003

Feb

2024

Unlocking the Potential of Private Company Investments

By Samuel Becker | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off

Investing in a private company means acquiring equity in a company that doesn’t sell shares on public stock markets. Broadly speaking, there are two types of companies: public and private. And while you are likely more familiar with public-company investments — stocks traded on stock exchanges — there are also investment opportunities to be had with private companies.

There can be benefits that come with investing in privately held companies. Depending on your current circumstances, risk tolerance, and financial goals, you will likely approach the types of companies you consider investing in differently. And it’s important to understand that there are significant risks involved, and develop your expectations accordingly.

Understanding Private Companies

A private company is one that has not or does not sell shares of itself on public exchanges. Conversely, a public company has undergone an initial public offering (IPO), which means that it has publicly issued stock in hopes of raising more capital and making more shares available for purchase by the public.

As a general rule of thumb, until a company has an IPO, it’s considered private.

Classification of Private Companies

Again, private companies are those that are not publicly traded.

Unlike the world of public investing, private investing happens off of Wall Street and takes place anywhere new, buzzy ventures are cropping up.

Public companies, especially ones that are bigger, are more easily bought and sold on the stock market, and individuals are able to invest in them. These companies are also regulated by organizations like the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

The SEC is a government body that makes sure these businesses stay accountable to their investors and shareholders, and it requires publicly traded companies to share how they are doing, based on their revenue and other financial metrics.

In contrast, a privately held company is owned by either a small number of shareholders or employees and does not trade its shares on the stock market. Instead, company shares are owned, traded, or exchanged in private.

The landscape of investing in private companies can sometimes be mystifying, in part because private stock transactions happen behind closed doors. But even though private companies may be less visible than their public counterparts, they still play an important role in the economy and can be a worthwhile investment.

Investing in a private company can also be incredibly risky, and it’s important to understand some of the pros and cons of investing in this landscape.

The Growth Journey: Startups to Unicorns

Generally speaking, the goal of a startup (a small business with aims to grow quickly and possibly go public) is to become a “unicorn.” A “unicorn” company is a private company that’s valued at more than $1 billion. Very few companies become unicorns, and for investors, a primary goal is to find and invest in companies that will become unicorns.

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Strategic Pathways to Private Investments

There are several ways to invest in private companies, though not all of them will be available to every investor.

Early Stage Investments and Angel Investing

Early-stage investing, often called “angel investing,” involves making an investment in a very small-stage company in exchange for ownership of that company. This tends to be the riskiest stage to invest, as companies at this stage are small, young, and often unproven.

Joining Private Equity Firms

Investors can also get involved in private company investing through private equity. Private equity firms invest in private companies, like angel investors, in hopes that the equity they acquire will one day be much more valuable. Again, this is likely not an option for the average investor, as private equity is usually an area reserved for high-net-worth individuals.

💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that opening a brokerage account typically doesn’t come with any setup costs? Often, the only requirement to open a brokerage account — aside from providing personal details — is making an initial deposit.

Investing in Pre-IPO Companies

Some investors attempt to invest in companies before they go public to take advantage of any post-IPO spikes in share value. There are a few ways to invest in pre-IPO companies.

Leveraging Pre-IPO Investing Platforms

There are certain platforms that allow investors to make investments in pre-IPO companies. An internet search will yield some of them. Those platforms tend to work in one of a few ways, usually by offering investors access to specialized brokers who work with private equity firms, or by directly connecting investors with companies, allowing them to make direct purchases of stock.

You’ll need to dig in and do your own research into these platforms if this is a route you plan to pursue, but also know that there are significant risks with these types of investments.

The Accredited Investor’s Guide

For some private company investments, investors will need to be “accredited.” An accredited investor is an individual or entity that meets certain criteria, and can thus invest in hedge funds, private equity, and more.

Qualifications and Opportunities

For individuals to qualify as accredited investors, the SEC says that they need to have a net worth of more than $1 million (excluding primary residence), and income of more than $200,000 individually, or $300,000 with a spouse or partner for the prior two years.

There are also professional criteria which may be met, which includes being an investment professional in good standing and holding certain licenses. There are a few other potential qualifications, but those are the most broad.

Exclusive Markets for the Accredited Investor

Becoming an accredited investor basically means that you can invest in markets shut off from other investors. This includes private companies, and private equity. Effectively, being “accredited” comes along with the assumption that the investor has enough capital to be able to make riskier investments, and that they’re likely sophisticated enough to be able to know their way around private markets.

The Pros and Cons of Private Company Investments

There are pros and cons to investing in private companies that investors should be aware of.

Advantages of Private Market Engagement

Because private companies are often smaller businesses, they may offer investors an opportunity to get more involved behind the scenes. This might mean that an investor could play a role in operational decisions and have a more integrated relationship with the business than they could if they were investing in a large, public company.

In an ideal scenario, if you invest in a private company, you’ll get in earlier than you would when a company goes public. (Note: This is the ideal scenario.) And getting in early can potentially produce impressive results — if you’ve made a sound investment decision.

Another possible benefit of investing in a private company is that there is generally less competition for equity than with a public company. This means you could end up with a bigger slice of the pie.

Investing in a private company might also mean that you are able to set up an exit provision for your investment — meaning you could set conditions under which your investment will be repaid at an agreed upon rate of return by a certain date.

Generally speaking, investing in a private company can have some strong benefits, including increased potential for financial gain and the opportunity to become more involved in the future of a business.

Risks and Considerations

One of the biggest risks involved in investing in a private company is that you may have less access to information as an investor. Not only is it more challenging to get hold of data in order to understand how the company performance compares to the rest of the industry, private companies are also not held to the same standards as publicly-traded ones.

For example, because of SEC oversight, public companies are held to rigorous transparency and accounting standards. In contrast, private companies generally are not. From an investor’s standpoint, this means that you may sometimes be in the dark about how the business is doing.

In addition to this, many private companies may lack access to the capital they need to grow. And even though there may be an opportunity to set up an exit provision as an investor in a private company, unless you make such a provision, it could be a huge challenge to get out of your investment.

💡 Quick Tip: When you’re actively investing in stocks, it’s important to ask what types of fees you might have to pay. For example, brokers may charge a flat fee for trading stocks, or require some commission for every trade. Taking the time to manage investment costs can be beneficial over the long term.

Critical Steps for Investing in Private Companies

Just like investing in the public stock exchanges, there are some steps that investors may want to follow as a sort of best-practices approach to investing in private companies.

Conducting Thorough Research

Always do your homework — or, as much research as you can before investing in a private company. As noted, this may be difficult, as there’s going to be less available information about private companies versus public ones. You also won’t be able to research charts and look at stock performance to get a sense of what a company’s future holds.

Identifying and Assessing Potential Deals

Through the research you are able to do (perhaps as a part of a private equity or hedge fund), you’ll want to do your best to zero-in on some potential investment opportunities. Like investing in stocks, you’ll be looking for companies that appear healthy, are competitive, and that you think have a good chance of surviving the years ahead.

There’s no magic formula, of course, but investors should do as much due diligence as possible.

The Transaction: Making Your First Private Investment

Depending on how you choose to invest, making your first private company investment may be as simple as hitting a button — such as on a private crowdfunding website or something similar. Or, if you’re directly investing with the company, it may be more involved. Just know that it’ll probably be a bit different than buying stocks or shares on an exchange.

Post-Investment Vigilance

As with any investment — public, or private — investors will want to keep an eye on their holdings.

Monitoring Your Investment

Monitoring your investment in a private company is not going to be the same as monitoring the stocks in your portfolio. You won’t be able to go on a financial news website and look at the day’s share prices. Instead, you’ll likely need to be in touch with the company directly (or through intermediaries), reading status reports and financial statements, and doing your best to learn how business is operating.

It’ll be a bit opaque, and the process will vary from company to company. So, keep that in mind.

Exit Strategies and Liquidity Events

When an investor “exits” an investment in a private company, it means that they sell their shares or equity and effectively “cash out.” If an investor bought in at an early stage and the company gained a lot of value over the years, the investor can “exit” with a big return. But returns vary, of course.

Liquidity events present themselves as times to exit investments, and for many private investors, the time to exit is when a company ultimately goes public and IPOs. But there may be other times that are more favorable to investors, if they present themselves.

Investment Myths Debunked

As with any type of investment, there may be myths or misunderstandings related to private company investments.

Setting Realistic Expectations

A good rule of thumb for investors is to keep their expectations in check. In all likelihood, you’re not going to stumble upon the next Mark Zuckerberg or Jeff Bezos, desperately looking for cash to fund their scrappy startup. Instead, you may be more likely to find a company that has good growth potential but no guarantee of survival. For that reason, it’s important to always keep the risks in mind, as well as what you actually expect from an investment.

Common Misconceptions

Some further misconceptions about private investing include that it’s only for the ultra-rich (not necessarily true, but may often be the case), that every investment may offer high returns (along with high risks), and that profits will come quickly. An investment may take years to ultimately pay off — if it does at all.

Ready to Invest? Questions to Ask Yourself

If you feel comfortable with the idea of investing in private companies and are ready to take the next step, be sure to know your own preferences before making any moves.

Assessing Your Risk Tolerance

Are you okay with taking on a lot of risk? Because you’ll probably need a high risk tolerance to be able to stomach private company investing. So, be sure to take stock of how much risk you can realistically handle, as the importance of knowing your risk tolerance will become abundantly clear as you progress in your investing journey.

Aligning Investments with Personal Goals

Also think about how your investments in private markets relate or mesh with your overall investing goals. That’s to say that you don’t necessarily want to invest in private companies just for the sake of investing in private companies — instead, think about how these investments fit into your larger portfolio.

The Takeaway

Investing in private companies entails buying or acquiring equity in companies that are not publicly traded, meaning you can’t buy shares on the public stock exchanges. This often involves investing in small companies with high growth potential — but not always, and not necessarily. Because this is a risky type of investing, there tends to be high potential rewards, too.

Investing in private companies is not for everyone, and there may be stipulations involved that prevent some investors from doing it. If you’re interested, it may be best to speak with a financial professional before making any moves.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.

FAQ

How much capital is needed to start?

There isn’t a limit to how much capital needed to invest in private companies, but to be an accredited investor, there are income and net worth limits that may apply.

What are the time commitments and expectations?

There are no hard and fast time commitments or expectations of private investors, in a general sense. But that may differ on a case by case basis, especially if an investor takes a broader role with managing a company they’re investing in.

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