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When you’re preparing to buy a home, understanding the early steps in the mortgage process can make your search smoother and more effective.

Two common terms you’ll hear are prequalification and preapproval — each gives lenders and home sellers insight into your borrowing potential, but they differ in how they evaluate your finances and how much confidence they provide in your ability to secure a loan. Knowing the distinction helps you plan better, shop smarter, and present stronger offers in a competitive housing market.

Here’s a look at how these two steps vary, how each can play a part in a home-buying strategy, and how one in particular can increase the chances of having a purchase offer accepted.

What Does Prequalified Mean?

Getting prequalified is a way of finding out how much you might be able to borrow to purchase a home and what your monthly payments might be.

To get prequalified for a home loan, you’ll provide a few financial details to mortgage lenders. The lenders use this unverified information, usually along with a soft credit inquiry, which does not affect your credit scores, to let you know how much you may be able to borrow and at what interest rate.

You might want to get prequalified with several lenders to compare monthly payments and interest rates, which vary by mortgage term. But because the information provided has not been verified, there’s no guarantee that the mortgage or the amount will be approved.

Recommended: How Much House Can I Afford?

What Does It Mean to Be Preapproved?

Preapproval for a mortgage loan requires a more thorough investigation of your income sources, debts, employment history, assets, and credit history. Verification of this information, along with a hard credit pull from all three credit bureaus (which may cause a small, temporary reduction in your credit scores), allows the lender to conditionally preapprove a mortgage before you shop for homes.

A preapproval letter from a lender stating that you qualify for a loan of a specific amount can be useful or essential in a competitive real estate market. When sellers are getting multiple offers, some will disregard a purchase offer if it isn’t accompanied by a preapproval letter.

When seeking preapproval, besides filling out an application, you will likely be asked to submit the following to a lender for verification:

•   Social Security number and card

•   Photo ID

•   Recent pay stubs

•   Tax returns, including W-2 statements, for the past two years

•   Two to three months’ worth of documentation for checking and savings accounts

•   Recent investment account statements

•   List of fixed debts

•   Residential addresses from the past two years

•   Down payment amount and a gift letter, if applicable

The lender may require backup documentation for certain types of income. Freelancers may be asked to provide 1099 forms, a profit and loss statement, a client list, or work contracts. Rental property owners may be asked to show lease agreements.

You should be ready to explain any negative information that might show up in a credit check. To avoid surprises, you might want to order free credit reports from www.annualcreditreport.com. A credit report shows all balances, payments, and derogatory information but does not give credit scores.

Calculate Your Potential Mortgage

Use the following mortgage calculator to get an idea of what your monthly mortgage payment would look like.

Do Preapproval and Prequalification Affect Credit Scores?

Getting prequalified shouldn’t affect your credit scores. Only preapproval requires a hard credit inquiry, which can affect scores. But the good news for mortgage shoppers is that multiple hard pulls are typically counted as a single inquiry as long as they’re made within the same 14 to 45 days.

Newer versions of FICO® allow a 45-day window for rate shoppers to enjoy the single-inquiry advantage; older versions of FICO and VantageScore 3.0 narrow the time to 14 days.

You might want to ask each lender you apply with which credit scoring model they use.

Do I Have to Spend How Much I’m Preapproved for?

No, you don’t have to spend the full amount you’re preapproved for on a mortgage. Preapproval shows the maximum a lender is willing to offer based on your finances, not what you should borrow. Choosing a lower-priced home can leave room in your budget for savings, emergencies, and other financial goals.

Recommended: Guide to First-Time Home Buying

Are Prequalification and Preapproval the Same Thing?

Prequalification and preapproval are not one and the same. Here’s a visual on what’s needed for each:

Do I Need a Prequalification Letter to Buy a House?

No, you do not need a prequalification letter to buy a house, nor do you have to have a preapproval letter when making an offer on a house.

But getting prequalified can allow you to quickly get a ballpark figure on a mortgage amount and an interest rate you qualify for, and preapproval has at least three selling points:

1.    Preapproval lets you know the specific amount you are qualified to borrow from a particular lender.

2.    Going through preapproval before house hunting could take some stress out of the loan process by easing the mortgage underwriting step. Underwriting, the final say on mortgage approval or disapproval, comes after you’ve been preapproved, found a house you love and agreed on a price, and applied for the mortgage.

3.    Being preapproved for a loan helps to show sellers that you’re a vetted buyer.

The Takeaway

In the homebuying process, understanding the difference between mortgage prequalification and preapproval can make your search smoother and more strategic. Prequalification gives you a general idea of what you may afford, while preapproval involves verified financials and can strengthen your offers in a competitive market. Knowing when to use each step helps you shop confidently and prepares you to move quickly when you find the right home.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

FAQ

What is mortgage prequalification?

It’s an early step where a lender estimates how much you might be able to borrow based on basic financial information you provide.

What does mortgage preapproval mean?

Preapproval is a more formal process where the lender verifies your income, debts, and credit, and may issue a conditional approval for a specific loan amount.

How do prequalification and preapproval differ in documentation?

Prequalification uses self-reported details, while preapproval requires verified documentation like pay stubs and tax returns.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOHL-Q126-077

Conventional loans — mortgages that are not insured by the federal government — are the most popular type of mortgage and offer affordability to homebuyers.

Private mortgage lenders originate and fund conventional loans, which are then often bought by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, publicly traded companies that are run under a congressional charter.

By buying and selling these mortgages, Fannie and Freddie help to ensure a reliable flow of mortgage funding.

Requirements for Conventional Loans

It can be confusing to know how to qualify for a mortgage.

Just realize, for one thing, that a higher credit score is usually required for a conventional home loan than for an FHA loan backed by the Federal Housing Administration, a type popular among first-time homebuyers.

Here are factors a lender will consider when sizing you up for a conventional loan.

Credit Score

You’ll usually need a FICO credit score of at least 620 for a fixed-rate or adjustable-rate mortgage.

The FICO score range of 300 to 850 is carved into these categories:

•   Exceptional: 800 to 850

•   Very Good: 740 to 799

•   Good: 670 to 739

•   Fair: 580 to 669

•   Poor: 300 to 579

In general, the higher your credit score, the better the interest rate you’ll be offered.

Down Payment

Putting 20% down is desirable because it means you can avoid paying for PMI, or private mortgage insurance, which covers the lender in case of loan default.

But many buyers don’t put 20% down. The median down payment on a home for first-time buyers is 10%, according to a recent study by the National Association of Realtors®.

Conventional loans require as little as 3% down for first-time homebuyers, and the down payment can be funded by a gift from a close relative; a spouse, fiancé or domestic partner; a buyer’s employer or church; or a nonprofit or public agency. The gift may require a gift letter for the mortgage.

Just keep in mind that the smaller the down payment, the higher your monthly payments are likely to be, and PMI may come along for the ride until you reach 20% equity.

Debt-to-Income Ratio

Your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio helps a lender understand your ongoing monthly debt obligations relative to your gross monthly income.

To calculate back-end DTI:

1.    Add up your monthly bills (but do not include groceries, utilities, cellphone bill, car insurance, and health insurance).

2.    Divide the total by your pretax monthly income.

3.    Multiply by 100 to convert the number to a percentage.

In general, lenders like to see a DTI ratio of 36% but will accept 43%.

The Fannie Mae HomeReady® loan, for lower-income borrowers, may allow a DTI ratio of up to 50%.

In any case, the lower your DTI ratio, the more likely you are to qualify for a mortgage and possibly better terms.

Loan-to-Value Ratio

The loan-to-value ratio (LTV) is the amount of the mortgage you are applying for compared with the home value. The higher the down payment, the lower the LTV ratio.

Fannie Mae typically sets LTV limits at 97% for a fixed-rate mortgage for a principal residence (think: 3% down) and 85% for a fixed-rate or adjustable-rate loan for a one-unit investment property.

When LTV exceeds 80% on a conforming loan, PMI will likely apply, although some borrowers employ a piggyback loan to avoid mortgage insurance.

Conventional Conforming Loan Limits

Many loans are both conventional and conforming — meaning they meet the guidelines of secondary mortgage market powerhouses Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which buy such mortgages and often package them into securities for investors.

Conventional conforming loans fall below limits set by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) every year. Staying under a conforming loan limit often equates to a lower-cost mortgage because the loan can be acquired by Fannie and Freddie.

The conforming loan limits for 2026 in many counties in the contiguous states, Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico rose with market prices:

•   One unit: $832,750

•   Two units: $1,066,250

•   Three units: $1,288,800

•   Four units: $1,601,750

In high-cost areas like Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, the 2026 conforming loan limits are:

•   One unit: $1,249,125

•   Two units: $1,599,375

•   Three units: $1,933,200

•   Four units: $2,402,625

If you’re curious about your county’s specific conforming loan limits, you can check out this FHFA guide.

Nonconforming Loans

Word games, anyone? Nonconforming loans are simply mortgages that do not meet Fannie and Freddie standards for purchase. They usually take the form of jumbo loans and government-backed loans.

A homebuyer or refinancer who needs a mortgage beyond the FHFA limits can seek a jumbo mortgage loan. A jumbo loan is still a conventional loan if it’s not backed by a government agency; it’s just considered a “nonconforming” loan.

FHA, VA, and USDA mortgages — those backed by the Federal Housing Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture — are also nonconforming loans.

Nonconforming mortgage rates for jumbo loans may be higher because the loans carry greater risk for lenders, but when the nonconforming loan is backed by the government, its rate might skew lower than conventional conforming rates.

The Takeaway

Conventional loan requirements are good to know when you’re looking at the most popular type of mortgage around. Would-be homebuyers will want to make sure their credit score, debt-to-income ratio, and down payment numbers are lined up as favorably as possible before pursuing their dream property.

Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.

FAQ

Are there any drawbacks to a conventional loan?

The main drawback to a conventional loan is that you will need to make some type of down payment on the property. It doesn’t need to be the 20% down payment that was common in decades past. But even a low down payment of, say, 3.5% could add up to tens of thousands of dollars given today’s home prices.

What’s the main reason I might not qualify for a conventional loan?

The most common reason someone might not qualify for a conventional home loan is usually related to credit — perhaps the applicant has a credit score below 620, or maybe there is some other significant warning sign on the credit report, such as a history of delinquencies or bankruptcy.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.

SOHL-Q126-022

As of 2025, the average cost of a wedding is approximately $36,000, according to data from Zola, a wedding registry platform. When you think about all that goes into a wedding, you may understand how the figure can get so high. There’s the venue (whether you book an event space or have a party tent in a backyard), food and drink, music, photography and videography, the dress and the ring, hair and makeup, flowers, and more.

But whether you want to have a destination wedding or one at home, you’ll likely want to understand what others spend, whether the average expense accurately reflects what most people pay, and how you can develop and wrangle your own budget. Read on for the need-to-know info so you can plan for what may just be the happiest day of your life.

What Is the Average Cost of a Wedding?

As noted above, the average cost of a wedding ceremony and reception for 2025 was documented at $36,000, according to Zola, a wedding registry platform. However, before thinking that you need to spend that much to get hitched, keep in mind a bit of basic math about average vs. median wedding costs.

•   Averages can be inflated by a few super-luxe weddings in the mix. To get the average, you add up the data points and then divide by the number of data points.

For instance, if eight out of 10 people spend $10,000 for their big day and two people spend $125,000 each, the average cost would be $33,000. Even though just two couples splashed out, it looks as if everyone is spending a sum of over $30K.

•   Because of how a few high figures can skew data, it may be more meaningful to look at the median cost. When a median is calculated, the data points are arranged from smallest to largest, and the median is the middle value for sets with an odd number of data points. When there is an even number of data points, the median is the average of the middle two.

If you use the same values as above, the median would be 10,000, because you are only looking at the middle two values when the 10 data points are arrayed from smallest to largest. In other words, the big spenders get eliminated.

So what would the current median cost of a wedding be? SoFi’s most recent research found that the median cost of a wedding is about $10,000.

Wedding costs will vary based on how elaborate the event and the unique vendor and venue costs of the region.

And whether typical costs are closer to $10,000 or $36,000, that’s a considerable investment: a five-figure amount to pull together or to finance with, say, a personal loan.

Average Wedding Cost by State

You’ve just learned that average wedding costs may be inflated vs. median costs. However, most of the world tallies data as averages. Here, you’ll see how much an average wedding costs by state, according to the most recent data from the wedding platform The Knot. Keep in mind that if you were to use medians, the dollar amounts could be significantly lower.

The price tag associated with this fantastic celebration for the couple and their friends and family differs by state. The variations in amounts may reflect how the cost of living by state can vary. This is where things stand as of 2025:

•   Alabama: $27,000

•   Alaska: Not available

•   Arizona: $26,830

•   Arkansas: $18,700

•   California: $39,170

•   Colorado: $31,130

•   Connecticut: $40,300

•   Delaware: $38,880

•   District of Columbia: $42,480

•   Florida: $32,560

•   Georgia: $28,800

•   Hawaii: $32,280

•   Idaho: $17,380

•   Illinois: $38,100

•   Indiana: $24,380

•   Iowa: $20,080

•   Kansas: $20,000

•   Kentucky: $21,680

•   Louisiana: $33,240

•   Maine: $36,000

•   Maryland: $39,460

•   Massachusetts: $45,000

•   Michigan: $28,330

•   Minnesota: $27,440

•   Mississippi: $21,280

•   Missouri: $25,040

•   Montana: $20,050

•   Nebraska: $20,870

•   Nevada: $19,890

•   New Hampshire: $36,080

•   New Jersey: $54,500

•   New Mexico: $22,260

•   New York: $47,800

•   North Carolina: $29,060

•   North Dakota: $21,080

•   Ohio: $28.300

•   Oklahoma: $19,590

•   Oregon: $23,290

•   Pennsylvania: $35,310

•   Rhode Island: $49,180

•   South Carolina: $36,170

•   South Dakota: $20,750

•   Tennessee: $24,040

•   Texas: $30,000

•   Utah: $17,380

•   Vermont: $44,720

•   Virginia: $33,760

•   Washington: $26,380

•   West Virginia: $19,080

•   Wisconsin: $28,730

•   Wyoming: $16,750

Recommended: Wedding Cost Calculator

Average Wedding Cost in Major US Cities

In general, cities can be expensive. The cost of living can be higher because the demand is more intense.

Here, according to The Knot, is how much it costs on average to finance a wedding in some popular American cities, in descending order:

•   New York City: $87,700

•   Chicago: $54,190

•   San Francisco: $51,500

•   Boston: $51,260

•   Los Angeles County: $44,740

•   Philadelphia: $40,230

•   Houston: $33,000

•   Detroit: $32,000

•   Dallas/Fort Worth: $31,580

•   Denver: $31,440

•   Seattle: $31,320

•   Phoenix: $27,040

•   Las Vegas: $22,140

•   El Paso: $20,490

Average Wedding Cost by Number of Guests

If you’re curious about how the number of guests will impact your wedding costs, consider this data about getting married from The Knot. In 2025, the most recent year studied, the average number of guests at a wedding was 116, up slightly from the year prior.

Of course, just because that’s the average number of attendees doesn’t mean it’s right for you. Some people with large families and circles of friends could have twice that amount, while others might prefer an intimate ceremony with just one or two dozen guests.

In terms of cost per guest, the latest figures are $284 per person. Once again, keep in mind that these are averages, and the median cost could be significantly lower. Nevertheless, that can be a considerable sum to pay. Looking into wedding loans could be a wise move.

Average Wedding Cost by Generation

Here’s a look at how age may impact your wedding costs. The wedding cost data from the most recent year studied (2025) reveals the following:

•   Average cost for Gen Z wedding: $27,000

•   Average cost for Millennial wedding: $38,000

•   Average cost for Gen X wedding: $23,000

Notably, Gen Z weddings tend to be smaller in size than those of older couples, which could explain the lower price. In addition, Gen Xers (born between 1965 and 1980) may have lower costs since they are older and have other financial priorities than a blowout bash (such as educational costs for children from a prior marriage or a mortgage).

Average Wedding Cost by Month

The time of year during which you host your wedding can impact the cost. Interestingly, in generations past, June used to be the most popular and in-demand month for weddings. That’s a factor that can drive up costs. Now, September and October are the most popular months to get hitched.

However, there are regional differences in when people marry (for instance, a Florida February wedding will be very different from one in Maine), and many other factors impact which date you’ll pick. Here, a look at average costs by time of year to help you plan your budget well:

•   January-March wedding: $32,000

•   April-June wedding: $33,000

•   July-September wedding: $34,000

•   October-December wedding: $32,000

Recommended: The Cost of Being in Someone’s Wedding

The Takeaway

The current average cost of a wedding in the U.S. according to the data is $36,000. However, median costs of a wedding reveal a significantly lower figure of $10,000 for the big day. Keep in mind that average costs are just that: an average made up of numerous data points. It’s not how much you will or must spend. Planning a wedding doesn’t have to be a budget breaker, and there are various ways to finance the event, including gifts from family and personal loans. Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards; a personal loan could be a wiser choice.

Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.

FAQ

What is the average cost of a wedding in the United States compared to the rest of the world?

The average cost of a wedding in the U.S. is currently $36,000, and the median is $10,000. Wedding costs in America tend to be higher than elsewhere in the world, but figures vary tremendously depending on location, wedding size, and details of the ceremony and celebration.

What is the average cost of a destination wedding?

The current average cost of a destination wedding is $39,000, although the exact price can vary depending on where the wedding takes place, travel expenses, and size and style of the wedding.

How much should I plan to spend for a wedding with 100 guests?

Currently, the average cost per person for a wedding is $284, so a wedding for 100 guests would require a budget of $28,400.

What’s the best way to estimate the costs of a wedding?

In addition to looking at the data and talking to friends and wedding professionals, you can develop a budget and research costs for your intended ceremony, such as venue rental, flowers, music, dress, catering, and more.

Are there different ways to pay for a wedding?

Yes, there are options for financing a wedding, including savings, gifts of money from family and friends, and securing a personal loan.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOPL-Q225-029

Divorce is probably not the first word that comes to mind when you think about repaying your student loans.

But for married couples who are splitting up, debt — and who’s responsible for it — can be a very real factor in a divorce settlement. So how does student loan debt get split in divorce?

There isn’t one right answer to this question — it depends on countless factors, often including what state you live in, and when you took out the loan.

But first, we want to be clear that nothing in this article should be taken as financial or legal advice. This broad overview of student loan debt responsibility after divorce doesn’t take your unique circumstances into consideration, which is why we recommend discussing the specific details with a financial advisor or attorney.

That said, let’s look at divorce and student loan debt and what the impact might be in various circumstances.

Addressing Separate Student Loans

When it comes to student loans, divorce can make things tricky. Whether student loan debt gets split in a divorce depends on a number of factors, including who owns the loans and the state in which you live.

Determining Ownership Based on State Law

In a divorce, assets and debts are typically divided in part based on whether or not they are considered to be marital property, which can vary by state. You are typically responsible for loans taken out in your name before you were married, and likewise for your ex-spouse.

Debt in a divorce can get a little bit more complicated if you or your spouse took out a student loan after marriage. These loans may be considered marital property, depending on the laws in your state and the circumstances under which you took out the loans.

Community Property vs Equitable Distribution

When addressing marital property, states typically use either community property laws, in which property or debt taken on during a marriage is jointly owned (known as communal debt), or equitable distribution laws, where the property or debt belongs solely to the spouse who initiated the purchase or debt. In states with community property laws, marital assets and debts are split 50-50 between spouses.

Most states have equitable distribution laws, which can make dividing assets or debt a little more confusing. In these states, each spouse has a claim to an equitable share of marital property, which may or may not be divided equally.

Courts have final say over what’s fair and equitable. To determine that, they may look at each spouse’s income, earning potential, or the support one spouse provided while the other was in school, such as child care or even the opportunity costs of putting their own education on hold. Furthermore, if you or your spouse took out student loans to pay for an education that benefited you both, that could also be a consideration in court.

Recommended: Student Loan Debt Guide

Approaching Refinanced Loans

If you or your spouse have refinanced student loans, whose names the loans are in and whether one of you cosigned the other’s loan can determine who is responsible for the debt and how it may be separated in divorce.

Joint Refinancing and Liability After Divorce

Some couples may have combined their separate student loans into one big joint refinanced loan while they were married, though not all lenders allow this.

If you and your spouse have a joint refinanced loan, state law will typically dictate how it’s handled. In equitable distribution states, how the debt is divided by the courts may depend on your financial circumstances. In community property states, the courts decide whether the loan is communal debt and then split the debt evenly

Even if a couple did not refinance their loans jointly, they may have refinanced one partner’s loans with the other serving as the cosigner. For example, if one member of a couple wanted to refinance their loans but didn’t qualify, their spouse may have decided to cosign the refinanced loan in order to help them qualify for or secure a better rate.

When couples cosign on their partner’s loans, both spouses are on the hook for the debt. While this may work while a couple is together, it can make things complicated when your ex-spouse is the cosigner of your refinanced loan. This new loan is owned by the couple, and may be considered marital property subject to community property laws or equitable distribution laws.

Finally, if you have joint student loan consolidation of federal loans — a program that was discontinued by the Education Department in 2006 — there is a way to separate your joint loan obligation and reconsolidate into new individual Direct Consolidation Loans. You can learn more about the process from the Federal Student Aid office.

Steps to Separate Refinanced Loan Responsibility

To deal with divorce and student loan debt in the case of a loan that’s been refinanced, you can separate the responsibility for repaying the loan by refinancing the loan in the name of the spouse that is keeping the debt. If the debt is being split between both spouses, it may be possible for each spouse to separately refinance their share of the debt, but each will have to qualify with good credit and income, which can be difficult to get approval for. Not many lenders offer this option.

You may want to speak to an attorney in your state to help figure out the best way to proceed for your specific situation.

Paying Your Part

In cases where debt is considered marital property, divorcing couples on good terms can decide how to divide student loan debt and have a court sign off on it. However, in some cases, ex-spouses may simply not be able to take charge of dividing things up, and the court can decide how the debt will be divided instead.

At this point, you’re losing the power of a combined income to pay off your loans, so you may need to consider strategies to help the newly-single you afford your payments.

Refinance Your Student Loans

First, you may want to consider the option to refinance student loans to potentially secure a better rate or term. A better interest rate and shorter term might help you pay down your debt faster and could reduce the money you spend on interest over the life of the loan.

You can shop around for student loan refinancing rates to find the best rates and terms for your situation.

If you lengthen the term of your loan, you may be able to lower your monthly payments, which can help if your budget is strapped. However, longer terms typically mean you’ll end up paying more over the life of the loan.

Using our student loan refinancing calculator could help you see how much you might save.

Keep in mind that if you choose to refinance federal student loans with a private lender, you lose access to federal benefits, including income-driven repayment plans (discussed below) and student loan forgiveness.

Recommended: The Impact of Student Loan Debt

Use an Income-Driven Repayment Plan

Federal loans currently have income-driven repayment (IDR) options that can also help you lower your monthly payments. These income-driven repayment plans have you pay a percentage of your discretionary income, generally 10% to 20%, toward your student loans each month. And if you pay your loans off on one of the IDR plans, your remaining balance may be forgiven (though that forgiven balance will be taxed as income).

Remove Your Student Loan Cosigner, if Applicable

If you refinanced your student loans when you were married and your spouse was your cosigner, you could also consider refinancing a second time — as an individual. This could allow you to not only qualify for new loan terms or rates, but also ensure that your ex’s name is no longer tied to your student debt. You can calculate your student loan payments to help determine what you might pay with a new interest rate and/or term.

Communicate Changes to Your Loan Servicer

Once you’ve chosen a plan of action, it’s important to reach out to your loan servicer to let them know how you will be proceeding, so that they can update your account accordingly. There may be paperwork you’ll need to complete as well; be sure to find out what’s required.

How Divorce Settlements Can Affect Student Loan Repayment

The way your student loan debt is divided in divorce, and whether you live in a community property or equitable distribution state, determines how you or your ex — or both of you — can move forward with repaying the debt.

Including Student Loans in Divorce Agreements

Your divorce agreement or divorce degree should stipulate exactly who is responsible for repaying the student loan(s), as well as the plan for how it will be repaid.

Legal Support for Resolving Loan Disputes

If you and your soon-to-be ex can’t agree on how your student loan debt should be handled, you can get help from lawyers in your state that specialize in family law and the division of debt. Generally speaking, these legal professionals help negotiate settlements in a divorce and represent individuals in court. You may also want to consult an attorney who specializes in student loans, depending on your unique situation.

If you need help finding a lawyer, the American Bar Association has a lawyer referral directory you can consult, and LawHelp.org offers low-cost legal assistance for eligible individuals.

The Takeaway

Going through a divorce is difficult enough — figuring out who is responsible for student loan debt as you and your ex go your separate ways can make it even tougher. The state you live in and when the loans were taken out can help determine who owes what.

Repaying your student loans on a single income after divorce might call for ways to make it more affordable, such as using an income-driven payment plan or refinancing the loans. Explore the different options to decide what works best for your financial situation.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

Am I responsible for my spouse’s student loan debt if we divorce?

A spouse is typically liable for student loans taken out in their name before marriage. But if the loans were taken out after you were married, they might be considered marital property, depending on the laws in your state. If your state is a community property state, the student loans would generally be treated as jointly owned. If you live in an equitable distribution state, marital debt is divided by the courts based upon what they deem fair and equitable.

Does my spouse take on my student loan debt?

Your spouse does not typically take on your student loan debt for loans you borrowed before you were married. However, if you took out student loans after your marriage, your spouse might also be responsible for that debt.

What happens if I marry someone with a lot of student loan debt?

If you marry someone with a lot of student loan debt, the debt remains theirs alone, unless they refinance the loans with you as a cosigner. In that case, you are equally responsible for the debt. Your spouse’s student loan debt could also potentially impact your approval for any loans you apply for together, such as a mortgage, since the loan debt would be included in your debt-to-income ratio, which lenders use to help evaluate a borrower’s ability to repay a loan.

Can student loans be split in a divorce settlement?

Yes, student loans can be split in a divorce settlement, but whether and how it happens generally depends on the state you live in and when the loan was taken out. Loans borrowed before marriage are generally considered the responsibility of the individual who took them out.

If the loans were taken out after marriage and your state uses community property laws, the debt is jointly owned and split 50-50 in divorce. In states with equitable distribution laws, the debt is divided in a way a judge deems fair and equitable.

How do courts handle student debt in community property states?

In the nine community property states in the U.S., student debt taken out during a marriage is considered jointly owned, and it is divided equally between both spouses — even if the loan is in just one spouse’s name. If the loan was taken out before the marriage, the debt is generally considered the responsibility of the person who borrowed the money.

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