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Whether you’re buying a home or shopping for new insurance coverage, it helps to understand basic homeowners insurance terms before you choose a policy.

The jargon used by real estate agents, lenders, and insurance professionals can be mystifying. It doesn’t help that terms for various types of homeowners insurance coverage often sound interchangeable but aren’t. Or that different lenders may have different requirements for the kinds of insurance coverage a borrower must have. Or that homeowners may require various types of coverage, and limits, based on their individual circumstances.

Need some clarity? Consider this homeowners insurance glossary a go-to resource.

Blanket Insurance

Blanket insurance enables a property owner to cover multiple pieces of property with one policy. For example, a landlord who has many rental units might take out a blanket policy to insure them all.

A homeowners insurance policy also may be referred to as blanket insurance coverage because it offers more than one type of protection. (A standard policy may combine dwelling, personal property, and liability coverage, for example.)

Recommended: Homeowners Insurance Coverage Options to Know

Flood Insurance

A standard homeowners policy typically offers some coverage for unexpected water damage due to a plumbing malfunction or broken water pipe. But most standard homeowners policies do not cover damage caused by an overflowing body of water, like a creek, bay, or river. That kind of protection usually requires a separate flood insurance policy.

Some property owners may be required to carry flood insurance, especially if they live in a high-risk area.

Hazard Insurance

When you hear the term “hazard insurance,” it’s typically referring to the portion of a homeowners policy that kicks in when someone suffers a loss caused by certain hazards or “perils,” such as fire, hail, theft, a falling tree, or a broken pipe.

Not every hazard is covered by a standard policy, however. Homeowners usually need separate insurance to cover damage caused by a flood, earthquake, or sinkhole.

Recommended: Hazard Insurance vs. Homeowners Insurance

Homeowners Insurance

A typical homeowners policy covers the physical structure of an insured home and other structures on the property, personal belongings in the home, and additional living expenses if the owner can’t stay in the home after damage. (However, it is usually necessary to purchase separate insurance to cover costs related to an earthquake, flood, or sinkhole.)

A policy also provides liability coverage, which can protect you, as the homeowner, if you’re legally responsible for another person’s injury or property damage when it occurs on your property or from your activities. For example, if someone is injured because you neglected to fix your front porch step, liability insurance may help pay for that person’s medical bills. The liability portion of your policy also may provide protection if your pet bites a person or another animal, whether the bite occurs in your own yard or somewhere else.

There are no federal or state laws that require the purchase of a homeowners policy, but if you have a mortgage, you can expect your lender to require proof that you carry this type of insurance.

Homeowners insurance is not the same thing as mortgage insurance. Homeowners insurance mainly protects the homeowner when something unexpected occurs; mortgage insurance is designed to protect the lender if a borrower can’t make mortgage payments.

Homeowners insurance is also quite different from the protection offered by a home warranty. A home warranty is a service contract that generally covers the cost of repairing or replacing some appliances and major home systems when they malfunction, but home warranties are not required by lenders.

Mortgage Insurance

Mortgage insurance protects lenders against the possibility that a borrower might fail to make the payments on a home loan.

When a homebuyer appears to have a higher risk of defaulting, mortgage insurance can serve as a backup to reassure the lender that if the borrower fails to make the mortgage payments, the loan still will be paid. The lender doesn’t pay for this insurance — the borrower does.

Not everyone has to get mortgage insurance. But if you have a conventional loan and your down payment is less than 20% of the purchase price, you’ll probably be required to get private mortgage insurance, commonly called PMI — at least until you have 20% of the principal balance paid off.

The rules are a bit different for those who have a loan backed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or Department of Agriculture (USDA). With an FHA loan, borrowers are required to pay a qualified mortgage insurance premium each month no matter how much they put down. USDA loans have a similar requirement, but the cost is referred to as a “guarantee fee.”

Renovation Insurance

Homeowners who are planning to make major renovations or repairs to a property may want to check with their insurance company to see what their homeowners policy covers.

Depending on the size of the project, they may decide it makes sense to add “dwelling under renovation,” “dwelling under construction,” or “builder’s risk” insurance to fill any coverage gaps. It can help with costs if the homeowner or someone else is hurt during a renovation, for example, or if the home or a nearby property is damaged.

If professionals will be doing the renovation, it’s also a good idea to ask for proof of their insurance coverage and to make a copy just in case there are problems. Contractors and subcontractors should have liability, property, and worker’s compensation insurance.

If the home will be unoccupied for an extended period while the work is being done, owners may want to consider adding vacant dwelling insurance during that time. (Vacant dwelling coverage also might offer protection for those who have moved into a new home but haven’t yet sold their old home.)

Recommended: Guide to Buying, Selling, and Updating Your Home

Rental Property and Home-Sharing Insurance

Owners who are renting a home to someone else may want to look at the pros and cons of purchasing rental property insurance vs. a standard homeowners insurance policy. Besides covering repairs if the home or other structures on the property are damaged, rental property insurance may cover the owner if a tenant is injured and makes a claim. An owner also might be able to receive reimbursement for lost income if the property is deemed uninhabitable due to a covered loss.

What about insurance for short-term rentals like Airbnb? Business use of a house is usually not included in homeowners insurance coverage. Home-sharing insurance may provide liability coverage but not damage to the home or coverage of personal belongings. You may need an add-on to your homeowner’s insurance.

Renters Insurance

If you’re a renter, renters insurance will cover your possessions if something is stolen or damaged. And it may help with certain costs if someone is injured in the rental home, or help pay for accommodations if the home is damaged and you have to move out temporarily.

Though renters insurance is mostly meant to protect a tenant who is leasing a property, it also can have benefits for the landlord. This is why some landlords require tenants to have renters insurance when they sign a lease. For the landlord, renters insurance can help take care of some of the things a homeowners policy or landlord policy doesn’t, including damage from a renter’s pet.

Title Insurance

When you buy title insurance, the title company searches for any ownership issues that might cause legal problems after you close on the property. It will look for any liens that might remain on the property, for example, or clerical problems that weren’t caught and fixed in the past.

If there aren’t any problems (or the problems are remedied), the title company will insure your claim to the property’s title. And if something does come up later — let’s say there’s a lawsuit because the title search missed something — the policy should cover the costs of resolving the problem.

There are two types of title insurance: Lenders title insurance protects the mortgage company from incurring any costs in a title dispute. Owner’s title insurance protects the homeowner. The mortgage company likely will require that you purchase lenders’ title insurance. Owner’s title insurance is optional, but once you buy it, the coverage lasts as long as you own your home.

Title insurance is not included in a homeowners insurance policy.

Umbrella Insurance

A separate liability insurance policy, umbrella insurance goes beyond the liability coverage provided by a standard homeowners or auto insurance policy.

It’s designed to expand your protection if a claim or lawsuit is filed against you, and it only kicks in if you exceed the liability coverage limit you have with your homeowner’s insurance policy.

If you own rental property, employ a housekeeper or gardener, have a trampoline or pool — or if you have substantial assets you wish to protect — you may want to talk to your insurance company about the added risk and whether umbrella insurance is right for you.

The Takeaway

When you’re buying a home or shopping for a new homeowners insurance policy, there’s a lot to manage. Understanding homeowners insurance terms is key in protecting this major investment.

Shopping for homeowners insurance often requires considering several options, from the amount of coverage to the kind of policy to the cost of the premium. To help simplify the process, SoFi has partnered with Experian to bring customizable and affordable homeowners insurance to our members.

With Experian, you can see personalized quotes from up to 40 top insurance carriers. Match your current coverage to new policy offers with little to no data entry. And easily bundle your home and auto insurance to save money. No fees, no paperwork.

Insurance not available in all states.
Experian is a registered service mark of Experian Personal Insurance Agency, Inc.
Social Finance, Inc. ("SoFi") is compensated by Experian for each customer who purchases a policy through Experian from the site.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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If you’re living paycheck to paycheck or just wish there were more wiggle room in your finances, you may want to consider some money-wise tips like budgeting, negotiating your bills, and lowering your debt.

Making your dollars go further may also involve finding ways to help grow the money you do have in the bank (and there may soon be more of that). You’ll learn a dozen smart and simple tactics here.

Simple Ways to Stretch Your Money Further

Read on for money-stretching strategies that may help make it easier to make ends meet, plus have a little bit of extra.

1. Tracking Your Money

If you want to do more with your money, it helps to first figure out what you are currently doing with your money.

You may have a good sense of your fixed monthly expenses (such as rent/mortgage, car payments, groceries, student loans), but smaller everyday expenses have a tendency to slip through the cracks — yet, nevertheless, add up.

A good exercise is to track how much you’re actually spending each day (that includes every cash/debit/credit purchase you make, plus every bill you pay) for a month or so.

You can do this by carrying around a notebook or saving all of your receipts and putting them into a spreadsheet on your computer. There are also a number of apps that can make the process of tracking your daily spending easy.

This can be an eye-opening exercise. Spending is so frictionless these days, many of us really don’t have a handle on how much money we are actually spending.

Seeing it all in black and white can help you think twice before buying something nonessential, and help you start becoming much more intentional with every dollar.

2. Setting up a Budget

Once you’ve done the work of tracking your monthly expenses, you may next want to compare this to how much money (after taxes) is coming in each month.

If you are consistently spending more than you are bringing in, you may want to set up a budget to help you get these two numbers better aligned.

The process requires grouping all of your spending into categories, seeing where you may be able to cut back, and then setting up some monthly spending parameters.

There are a number of tools and apps that can help you create — and stick with — a household budget, but even just keeping a ledger or a basic spreadsheet can help you gain more control over where money is falling through the cracks.

While the idea of living on a budget may sound like a drag, the truth is that planning how you want to spend your money can often lead to having more money to spend on the things you want. Plus, there are many types of budgets, and one of them probably suits your personal and financial style well.

A budget can also help guide your money toward short- and long-term financial goals like an emergency fund, a down payment for a house, and retirement savings.

3. Paying Bills on Time

Knowing when your bills are due and paying them on schedule could save you money in a few different ways.

First, it can help you to avoid paying interest and late-payment fees.

Second, It might also maintain your credit score. A good credit score is important because it can help you qualify for the best interest rates on credit cards and loans.

And the less money you have to pay in interest, the faster you’ll be able to pay off debts – and the more money you’ll have to spend on other things.

4. Negotiating a Better Deal

Some of those recurring bills (like cable, internet, your cellphone, car insurance) may not be set in stone.
It might take some research — and a little nerve — but you may be able to negotiate for a lower rate from some of your service providers, especially if you’re dealing with a company that’s in a competitive market.

Before you call or email a business or provider, it can help to know exactly how much you’re paying for a service, what you’re getting for your money, and how much the competition is charging for the same or similar service.

It’s also a good idea to make sure you are communicating with someone who actually has the power to lower your rate and, if not, ask to speak with someone who does.

It may also be helpful to let a provider know that if they can’t do better, you may decide to switch to another company (and you might).

You can also try to talk your way to a better deal with other expenses, such as negotiating medical bills.

5. Ditching Expensive Debt

Another way to help make your money go further is to spend less on interest payments on debt.

If you can pay down that debt, you could use the money you’re now throwing away on interest to pay other bills, build an emergency fund, invest for the future, or save for a vacation or some other goal.

Reducing debt is easier said than done, of course — but choosing the right debt reduction strategy may help.

•   Since credit card debt typically costs the most in interest, you might consider chipping away at these debts first or, if possible, wiping them out completely. You could then move on to the debt with the next-highest interest rate, and so on.

•   Another approach to reducing debt is to pay the minimum toward all your accounts, and then pay any extra you can toward the debt with the smallest balance. When that debt is paid off, you can move on to the next smallest balance, and so on.

•   If you can qualify for a lower interest rate, another option might be to take out a personal loan that consolidates all those high-interest debts into one more manageable payment.

Getting rid of that damaging debt can have long-range consequences as well.

If you can lower your credit utilization ratio, which shows the amount of available credit you have, you could build your credit. And that, in turn, could make it easier to qualify for lower-interest loans and credit cards in the future.

6. Balking at Bank Fees

Unless you’re vigilant about checking your statements, you might not even notice the fees your bank may be charging every month for your checking and savings accounts.

They might include service fees, maintenance fees, ATM fees (if you don’t use in-network machines), minimum balance fees, overdraft or insufficient funds fees, and/or transaction fees. And all those little nips can take a toll over time and could even leave you with a negative bank balance.

If you see that your bank is hitting you with one or more monthly fees, you may want to consider shopping around for a less expensive bank, which might involve switching banks to an online-only financial institution. Because online financial institutions typically don’t have the same overhead costs banks with physical branches do, they generally offer low or no fees

7. Pressing Pause on Impulse Purchases

If impulse purchases are your downfall, consider trying a temporary spending freeze, during which you avoid buying anything that isn’t a must.

Or maybe pick a single category (shoes, wine, concerts) or a specific store to stay away from for a certain period of time.

To help keep you motivated, you might track the money you didn’t spend during your freeze and then put it to use paying down debt, starting an emergency fund, or saving for a down payment on a home or other short-term financial goal.

Once you start seeing the benefits of saying no to impulse purchases, you may find yourself spending less even after the freeze is over.

8. Making Lists

Another way you may be able to make your money stretch is to make a list any time you’re going to shop, keep it in your pocket or on your phone, and then stick with it in the store.

And lists aren’t just for grocery shopping. You could make one before you hit the pharmacy, the mall, the local coffee shop, the sporting goods store, or just about anywhere you might wander off course.

Keeping a list close at hand can help avoid having to go back to the store because you forgot something (keeping store visits to a minimum), and you might be less tempted by items that aren’t on your list.

9. Click ‘Unsubscribe’

If your favorite retailers tend to bombard you with emails alerting you to their latest and greatest sale, you may want to think about getting off their e-mailing lists.

Sales and great deals are happening all the time, and generally the best time to purchase something is when you really need it.

Even if you don’t find that needed item at its lowest ever sale price, you will likely end up spending less than buying more things simply because they are on sale.

If the bait to buy doesn’t constantly land in your inbox, you’ll be less likely to take it (and won’t even know what you are missing out on). This move could quickly translate into more cash or one less bill at the end of the month.

10. Maximizing the Money You Save

Another way to stretch your dollars is to consider how you might get a higher return on any money that is sitting in the bank earning little to no interest.

Higher-yield savings options you might consider include an online savings account, checking and savings account, certificate of deposit (CD), or a money market account.

For a longer-term payoff (and potentially higher rate of return), you may also want to consider putting more money into your 401(k) or other retirement fund, as well as starting or adding to a non-retirement brokerage account.

11. Keeping the Change

Loose change may seem fairly worthless, but over time it actually can add up, and might help you help you pay a bill or buy a nice dinner.

Instead of letting coins live indefinitely in the bottom of your bag or the cup holder in your car, consider setting up one money jar in your home to collect it all.

Then, every month or so, you might sort and roll the coins to take to the bank. (You can also use a coin-counting machine, available in some stores, but keep in mind that some deduct a fee, or percentage of your change.)

If you rarely use cash anymore, you may still be able to make good use of virtual change. Many mobile apps (perhaps the one your bank provides) and credit/debit card accounts offer users the opportunity to automatically round up purchases to the nearest dollar and have that money transferred into a savings account.

So, for example, if you bought a doughnut for $1.25, the purchase would be rounded up to $2, and the extra 75 cents would be sent to your account to go toward a savings goal.

12. Using Windfalls Wisely

It can be incredibly tempting to use a tax refund or a work bonus to buy something fabulous. And there’s nothing wrong with an occasional splurge.

But you may also want to consider using that money to pay down a high-interest credit card, make an extra payment on a loan, or start (or add to) a high-yield savings vehicle or other investment.

Any of these moves can help you stretch those dollars, either by cutting the amount of interest you’ll owe over time or adding to the interest you’ll earn.

The Takeaway

With a few smart savings strategies, you might be surprised at how much further you can stretch your money each month. Getting started is simply a matter of tracking your spending so you can then find ways to save.

Some money stretching moves might include negotiating with (or switching) service providers, putting a bit more money towards debt reduction, knocking down (or eliminating) monthly bank fees, reducing the temptation to make impulse purchases, and finding ways to make your savings grow faster.

Looking for a better way to manage your spending and saving so you can get the most for your money? Consider opening an online bank account. With SoFi Checking and Savings, you’ll spend and save in one place, which makes tracking your money easier. Plus, you’ll earn a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay no account fees, and have Roundups to help grow your cash.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

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If you’re like many Americans, you’ll need to take out a home mortgage to buy a house. A home of your own will likely be one of the biggest purchases you’ll ever make, and the terms and interest rates you end up paying can have big financial consequences.

That’s why it’s important to do what you can to find the best mortgage rates, from having a healthy credit score to comparing lenders to hitting the negotiating table to find the best deal.

Putting Your Financial House in Order

Before you start shopping for a mortgage, take a look at your credit score. A low credit score may be a signal to lenders that lending to you is risky. Those with a lower credit score may find it difficult to get a mortgage — running into limited options — or may be offered loans with higher interest rates.

Generally speaking, the higher your credit score, the easier it will be to get a mortgage. You may be offered better rates, and you may have an easier time negotiating with different types of mortgage lenders. In general, you’ll need a credit score of 580 to qualify for a Federal Housing Administration (FHA) loan with a low down payment. A conventional loan will typically require a credit score of at least 620, but requirements may vary by lender.

Thankfully, an individual’s credit score isn’t set in stone. Those interested in maintaining a good credit score have a few options. First up is requesting your credit report from the three major credit reporting bureaus: TransUnion®, Experian®, and Equifax®. Review each report for errors and contact the appropriate credit bureau if you spot anything that’s incorrect. Credit reports can be ordered from each of the three credit bureaus annually, for free.

Other strategies for building a credit score include paying down credit cards to lower your credit utilization ratio, and making on-time payments for bills and other loans.

Considering a Bigger Down Payment

As a general rule of thumb, lenders may require borrowers to make a 20% down payment when they buy a home. However, many lenders require much smaller down payments, some as low as 3%. And if you qualify for a VA loan, you may not need a down payment at all.

If a borrower makes a down payment smaller than 20%, their lender may require them to purchase private mortgage insurance that will protect the lender in case the borrower fails to make mortgage payments. A larger down payment could potentially help borrowers avoid paying PMI.

As you’re shopping for mortgages, carefully consider how much money you can afford to put down, as a larger down payment can also have an impact on your interest rate.

Typically, a larger down payment translates into a lower interest rate, because taking on a larger stake in a property signals to lenders that you are less risky to loan money to.

Understanding Fixed-Rate vs. Adjustable Rate Mortgages

When shopping for a mortgage, you will typically be offered one of two main financing options: fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgages. The difference between the two lies in how you are charged interest, and depending on your situation, each has its own benefits.

Fixed-Rate Mortgage

A fixed-rate mortgage has an interest rate that stays the same throughout the life of the loan, even if there are big shifts in the overall economy. Borrowers might choose these loans for their stability, predictability, and to potentially lock in a low interest rate. Fixed-rate mortgages shield borrowers from rising interest rates that can make borrowing more expensive.

That said, fixed-rate mortgages may carry slightly higher interest rates than the introductory rates offered by adjustable-rate mortgages. Also, if interest rates drop during the lifetime of the loan, borrowers are not able to take advantage of lower rates that would potentially make borrowing cheaper for them.

Adjustable-Rate Mortgage

Interest rates for adjustable-rate mortgages (ARM) can change over time. Typically ARMs have a low initial interest rate. (One popular ARM is the 5/1 adjustable-rate mortgage, which is fixed for the first five years.

However, as the Federal Reserve raises and lowers interest rates, interest rates may fluctuate. That said, there may be caps on how high the interest rate on a given loan can go.

ARMs don’t provide the same stability that their fixed-rate cousins do, but lower introductory interest rates may translate to savings for borrowers.

Once you have a sense of whether a fixed- versus adjustable-rate mortgage is for you, you can narrow your field and start looking at lenders.

Comparing Lenders

When choosing a lender, start your search online, taking a look at a variety of lenders, including brick-and-mortar banks, credit unions, and online banks. The rates you see on lenders’ websites are typically estimates, but this step can help you get the lay of the land and familiarize yourself with what’s out there.

As you shop for mortgage lenders, consider contacting them directly to get a quote. At this point, the lender will generally have you fill out a loan application and will pull your credit information. Many lenders will do a soft credit pull, which won’t impact a potential borrower’s credit score, to provide an initial quote.

Borrowers can also work with a mortgage broker who can help identify lenders and walk them through any transactions. Be aware that mortgage brokers charge a fee for their services.

Recommended: The Mortgage Loan Process in 11 Steps

Taking Additional Costs into Account

When choosing a home mortgage loan, interest rates aren’t the only cost to factor in. Be sure to ask about points and other fees.

Points are fees that you pay to a lender or a broker that are frequently linked to a loan’s interest rate. For the most part, the lower the interest rate, the more points you’ll pay.

The idea of points may feel a little bit abstract, so when talking to a lender, ask them to quote the points as a dollar amount so you’ll know exactly how much you’ll have to pay.

If you plan to live in a house for the long term, say 10 years or more, you may consider paying more points upfront to keep the cost of interest down over the life of the loan.

Home loans may come with a slew of other fees, including loan origination fees, broker fees, and closing costs. You’ll pay some fees at the beginning of the loan process, such as application and appraisal fees, while closing costs come at the end. Lenders and brokers may be able to give you a fee estimate.

When talking with a lender, ask what each fee includes, since there may be more than one item lumped into one fee. And be sure to ask your lender or broker to explain any fee that you don’t understand.

💡 Recommended: How Much House Can I Afford?

Negotiating

Once you’ve gathered a number of loan options, you can choose the best deal among them. There may also be room to negotiate further. When you send in an application, lenders will send you a loan estimate with details about the cost of the mortgage.

At this point, the loan estimate is not an offer, and borrowers have time to negotiate for better terms. Negotiating points may include asking if interest rates can be reduced and if there are other fees that can be lowered or waived.

A strong credit score or the ability to make a bigger down payment could be leverage. It may also help to let the lender know if you do other business with them.

For example, a bank may waive certain fees if you are already a customer of theirs. Also let lenders know if you have other options that offer better rates. Lenders may try to match or beat competitors’ rates to attract you as a customer.

If you negotiate terms that you are happy with, request that they are set down in writing. Lenders may charge a fee for locking in rates, but it may be worth it to eliminate uncertainty as you settle on the right deal.

As you prepare to buy a home, it’s critical to shop around for lenders that offer the best deals, examine the fine print, and then put matters into your own hands, negotiating the details to settle on the deal that’s right for you.

Visit SoFi Home Loans to learn about home loans with competitive rates and as little as 3% down for qualified buyers. SoFi Mortgage Loan officers can guide you through the mortgage process and specialists are standing by to answer your questions.

SoFi Loan Products
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