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Students who are enrolled at least half-time at an eligible school, are a U.S. citizen or eligible non-citizen, and meet other requirements can receive financial aid through the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®).

According to Education Data Initiative, the average cost for undergraduate students attending a four-year private nonprofit institution is $38,421 in tuition and fees per year. For students attending in-state public four year institutions, the average is $9,750 in tuition alone. Living on campus bumps these numbers up to $58,628 and $27,146 per year, respectively.

If you can’t afford to pay for this cost out-of pocket, understanding the FAFSA requirements can help you possibly fund this worthwhile expense.

What Is FAFSA?

The FAFSA is the official application form to request financial aid for higher education from the U.S. government. It determines whether undergraduate and graduate students are eligible to receive federal grants, work-study, and federal student loans. Federal aid can only be used toward qualifying college expenses.

It’s also often used by states and schools to see if you’re eligible for its student aid programs. Some private entities might also use it to determine your eligibility for their own financial aid programs.

Recommended: What Costs Does a Student Loan Cover?

How FAFSA Works

Students must complete the FAFSA before each college year. Applications must be received by the June 30 deadline. However, you can begin submitting your FAFSA for the following school year starting on October 1, and states and colleges often have earlier deadlines for state- and school-sponsored aid.

Some federal aid is granted on a first-come, first-served basis. Many of the aid programs are based on need, though some — like Direct Unsubsidized Student Loans and Direct PLUS Loans — are not.

To start, you’ll have to create a Federal Student Aid (FSA) ID online. If you’re a dependent student, one of your parents also needs to create their own FSA ID. While filling out the FAFSA, you may need to reference or submit supporting documentation, such as your Social Security number, bank account statements and tax return details, and possibly a parent’s financial paperwork, too.

After submitting the FAFSA, you’ll receive a Student Aid Report (SAR), which is an overview of the information you included on your FAFSA. Once your FAFSA is processed, you’ll receive a financial aid offer from your school. It will outline the types of federal student aid you’re eligible for, the amounts, and instructions on how to accept the award offer.

After you’ve selected the financial aid options you want to accept, the funds will be sent directly to your school. Then, your school will apply the funds to your unpaid account balance.

The FAFSA may also be used to apply for financial aid for summer classes.

FAFSA Requirements

FAFSA qualifications include academic and financial criteria. Although some federal aid programs, like the federal Pell Grant, require you to demonstrate financial need, you might still qualify for other federal aid options if you meet the remaining FAFSA eligibility requirements.

Education Requirements

The level of education you’ve completed must meet the minimum requirements to qualify for a college or career school program. This includes a high school diploma or General Education Development certificate from a state-approved school or setting.

Citizenship or Residency and Social Security Number

Another of the FAFSA eligibility requirements is that students must be a U.S. citizen or U.S. National with an active Social Security number.

Eligible non-citizen students might still be eligible for federal aid if they have:

•   A permanent resident Green Card (Form 1-551, I-151, or I-551C)

•   An arrival-departure record (I-94)

•   A T-VISA

•   Battered Immigrant Status

Be Enrolled or Accepted

Students must also be enrolled as a regular student at a degree- or certificate-granting school. To meet FAFSA qualifications for a Direct student loan, you must be enrolled at least half-time.

Maintain Satisfactory Academic Performance

Returning students who are applying for federal financial aid must maintain Satisfactory Academic Progress (SAP).

Each school determines its own SAP criteria, which includes minimum GPA, minimum passing grades for courses, number of required course credits or hours, and the timeline it deems necessary to advance toward a degree or certificate.

Age and Dependency Status

Your dependency status determines whose information you’ll need to include on your FAFSA. Dependent students are required to provide their parents’ financial information on their FAFSA while independent students might not need to.

Generally, you’re considered an independent student if at least one of the following applies to you:

•   For the school year you’re applying for aid, you’ll be 24 years old by January 1.

•   You’re married or separated (but not divorced).

•   You’re a graduate-level student.

•   You have children and provide more than half of their support.

•   You have other dependents in your household whom you provide more than half of their support.

•   You’re in the U.S. armed forces and on active duty (non-training).

•   You’re a U.S. armed forces veteran.

•   Since turning age 13, your parents were deceased, you were in foster care or a ward, or dependent on the court.

•   You’re an emancipated minor or are in a legal guardianship.

•   You’re an unaccompanied homeless or self-supporting youth at risk of homelessness.

Income Limits

A common misconception is that students or their parents must earn below a certain income to meet FAFSA eligibility requirements. However, there is not a FAFSA income limit for student applicants and their families.

Required Documents to Submit FAFSA

Although you won’t need to submit copies of additional documents with your FAFSA, you’ll need to refer to certain documents to complete your application. It may also be helpful to keep these documents on file in case your school requests to see them.

Social Security Number

You’ll need your Social Security number to include on your FAFSA form. If you’re a dependent, the form also asks for your parents’ Social Security number. If they don’t have one, enter all zeros without dashes.

W-2s and Untaxed Income Records

A main FAFSA requirement to successfully complete the application is reporting your income, and your parents’ income, if applicable. Make sure to reference all W-2s and untaxed income documentation, like interest income, child support, or other noneducation benefits.

If you are a dependent student, you’ll need to provide information from both yours and your parent’s W-2.

Tax Returns

You’ll need to reference your most current tax return information as well as your parents’ tax returns if you’re a dependent student. If you’ve already filed your tax return for the year, you might be eligible to use the IRS Data Retrieval Tool to transfer your tax information into the FAFSA.

Asset Records

You’ll also need to include your and your parents’ deposit account balances, like checking and savings, on your FAFSA. Similarly, investments, like stocks, bonds, and real estate that isn’t your primary home, must be included on your FAFSA form.

Alternatives to Federal Aid

Outside of the FAFSA application, there are other avenues to secure funds to pay for college.

Savings

Consider tapping into existing savings if your financial aid award comes up short. Doing so might help you avoid taking on more student loan debt.

There are certain accounts such as 529 savings plans that are designed to help parents and families save for their child’s education.

Grants

Research non-federal grants from your state, school, nonprofit, or other private organization. These funds don’t need to be repaid.

Scholarships

Scholarships are another aid source that doesn’t need to be repaid after leaving school. Find state-, school-, or private-sponsored scholarships to find more cash. There are online databases that aggregate information on available scholarships. Take a look to review eligibility criteria and application requirements.

Part-Time Work

If you can manage balancing schoolwork with a part-time job, earning an income while enrolled in school can help you pay your way through your education.

Private Student Loans

Private student loans are available through private lenders, like banks, credit unions, and online institutions. These loans come with varying terms and interest rates, and can help cover the gap between your cost of attendance and existing financial aid.

When comparing private student loans and federal student loans, know that private lenders aren’t required to offer the same benefits or protections as federal student loans. As a result, private student loans are generally considered an option only after other sources of financing have been exhausted.

The Takeaway

Regardless of your or your family’s income, it’s generally worth submitting an application if you meet the FAFSA requirements. Since it’s a free application, there’s nothing to lose and much to gain if you’re eligible for aid, including scholarships and grants that don’t need to be repaid.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

How much or little income do you need to qualify for aid through FAFSA?

There are no income requirements for FAFSA applicants. Instead, a variety of factors determine whether a student is eligible for federal aid, including the school’s cost of attendance, the student’s year in school, their dependency status, family size, and more.

What is the maximum amount of money FAFSA gives?

The maximum amount of aid you can receive through the FAFSA depends on which federal aid programs you qualify for. Different programs have varying limits.

For example, the maximum Pell Grant award changes annually; for the 2025-26 award year the limit is $7,395. Direct Loans also have their own annual and aggregate borrowing limits.

How does parent income affect FAFSA aid?

Parent income that’s reported on a student’s FAFSA is used to calculate the applicant’s Student Aid Index (SAI). The SAI is a number on an index that helps schools determine your financial need if you attend its school. It also identifies your eligibility for certain financial aid programs like the Pell Grant or Direct Subsidized Loans.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

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SOISL-Q325-017

For some, tax day means a much-awaited refund. For others, it may mean another expense. There are a variety of factors that can affect your taxes, including your status as a student.

If you paid qualifying educational expenses or student loan interest during the tax year, you may qualify for a student loan interest deduction or an education tax credit — which could potentially mean a lower tax bill or a higher tax refund.

When you claim a deduction on your taxes, it is subtracted from your total income. Your income taxes are assessed after the deduction is taken. In contrast, a tax credit is subtracted from any taxes you may owe.

Taxes are complicated, so it’s a good idea to consult with a tax professional about what deductions and tax credits you may be eligible for. What follows, however, are some general guidelines on how student loans might affect your tax returns.

Student Loan Interest Deduction Explained

The student loan interest deduction lets borrowers deduct all or part of the interest they pay on their federal student loans and/or private student loans when they file their federal income tax return.

Usually, you can expect to receive a 1098-E form from each of your student loan providers by the end of January each year. This form details the amount of interest you paid over the past calendar year.

Your loan servicer is only required to send you a 1098-E form if you paid more than $600 in interest on a qualified student loan. If you did not receive this by mail, your provider may have sent an email notification to let you know your 1098-E is ready to download.

To qualify for the maximum $2,500 student loan interest deduction, you must meet certain filing and income criteria. It may be possible to deduct student loan interest that has been paid on loans issued for yourself, your spouse (if you file jointly), and your dependents. However, parents can’t claim the student loan interest deduction if the student loan is in their dependent’s name only.

Since this is an adjustment to your gross income, you can take this deduction even if you don’t itemize. In order to claim this deduction, there are certain income requirements that must be met. The deduction is phased out when an individual’s modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) reaches certain thresholds.

The threshold amounts change every year, but for the 2024 tax year, the benefit began to phase out at $80,000 for single filers and $165,000 for married taxpayers filing jointly.

The deduction was eliminated completely for single filers making $95,000 or more and for married taxpayers filing jointly who are making $195,000 or more.

Recommended: Are Student Loans Tax Deductible?

Am I Eligible for Education Tax Credits?

If you paid tuition, fees, or other education-related expenses during the tax year, you may be eligible for an education tax credit, either the American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC) or the Lifetime Learning Credit (LLC).

Note that you can’t claim both credits for the same individual within the same year. If you qualify for both, it might be worth calculating them both in order to determine the option that is best for you.

American Opportunity Credit

This credit applies towards 100% of the first $2,000 of eligible education expenses and 25% of the next $2,000.

What does this mean? Students who are enrolled at least half time in a degree or certificate program for one academic period during the tax year may be eligible to receive a credit of up to $2,500 for the cost of tuition, fees, and course materials.

The credit may be claimed for up to four years, but it can’t be claimed after the eligible student has completed the first four years of post-secondary education, which means those pursuing graduate degrees aren’t eligible for this tax credit.

The MAGI limit for eligibility is $90,000 for individual filers and $180,000 for joint filers. The credit is reduced if MAGI is between $80,000 and $90,000 for individual filers and between $160,000 and $180,000 for joint filers.

The AOTC is a refundable tax credit. This means that if the credit takes your tax bill to zero, you can get 40% of the unused credit, up to $1,000, as a tax refund.

Recommended: Are Forgiven Student Loans Taxed?

Lifetime Learning Credit

The lifetime learning credit (LLC) is worth 20% of the first $10,000 of eligible education expenses, for a maximum of $2,000.

The LLC is similar to the AOTC, but with a few important differences. This credit has a lower income limit than the AOTC. For the 2024 tax year, the amount of your LLC is gradually phased out if your MAGI is between $80,000 and $90,000 ($160,000 and $180,000 if you file a joint return).

You can’t claim the credit if your MAGI is $90,000 or more ($180,000 or more if you file a joint return).

There is no limit to how many years you can claim the credit. And the credit can be used to help pay for a variety of education expenses, including undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. You could even qualify for the credit if you’re taking classes to “acquire or improve job skills.”

Unlike the AOTC, the LLC is not refundable. This means that the credit can be used to pay for the taxes you owe, but if it surpasses that, you won’t receive any money back as a refund.

Finding Tax Help

If you want to learn more about these education tax credits and additional education tax deductions, the IRS has further information .

If the process of filing your taxes seems overwhelming or you’re still confused by the ins and outs of these tax advantages, you could consider finding help this tax season. A qualified tax professional could assist you in navigating your taxes and help you maximize your refund with less hassle — and they will know more about any credits or deductions you may be eligible for.

Recommended: Is an Employee’s Student Loan Repayment Benefit Taxed As Income?

Figuring Out How to Pay for School

Even with tax credits and deductions, paying for college might still be an overwhelming prospect.

If scholarships, federal student loans, grants, and savings aren’t enough to pay for school, you may want to consider applying for a private student loan. These are available through banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Loan limits vary by lender, but you can often get up to the total cost of attendance (which is more than you can borrow from the federal government). Interest rates may be fixed or variable and are set by the lender. Generally, borrowers (or cosigners) who have strong credit qualify for the lowest rates.

Keep in mind, though, that private loans may not offer the borrower protections — like income-based repayment plans and deferment or forbearance — that automatically come with federal student loans.

The Takeaway

Student loans can significantly affect your tax situation, from interest deductions to potential tax liabilities on forgiven debt. Understanding the federal and state tax implications is crucial for managing your financial obligations effectively.

When it comes to paying for college, most students rely on a combination of cash savings, scholarships, grants, and federal and private student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

How do student loans affect taxes?

Student loans can affect taxes through interest deductions, which can reduce your taxable income. However, loan forgiveness may be taxable, and refinancing with private lenders can disqualify you from certain benefits. Always check state-specific rules for additional tax advantages or obligations.

What is the American Opportunity Credit?

The American Opportunity Credit is a tax credit for qualified education expenses, offering up to $2,500 per eligible student. It covers the first four years of postsecondary education and is partially refundable, making it a valuable resource for reducing the financial burden of higher education.

What is the Lifetime Learning Credit (LLC)?

The Lifetime Learning Credit (LLC) is a tax credit for eligible education expenses, offering up to $2,000 per return. It applies to undergraduate, graduate, and professional degree courses, making it a flexible option for ongoing education and career development.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOISL-Q325-016

If you’re getting ready to apply to college, look on the bright side: It can be a good way to apply the skills you’ve learned in school to get organized and nail this project. It’s also a time to shine and show off your achievements over the past few years.

That said, like any big project, applying to college has many moving parts and can feel intimidating at times. To help you break it down, it can be wise to use a college application checklist. Doing so can help you stay on track as you move ahead with navigating the next step in your education.

What follows is just that: a college application checklist and details on how to apply to the schools you’re interested in. As you’ll see, it can all boil down to five key steps.

Tips for Getting Organized

Before you dive into your to-do list, take some time to get organized. Applying for college can definitely be complicated and time-intensive. Creating a system, including a college application checklist, can help prevent important details and dates from slipping through the cracks.

Before you start printing out forms and stashing brochures, label a folder for each school and list important information on the front, such as:

•   College name

•   Application deadline

•   Type of deadline (early decision, early action, regular decision, or rolling admission)

•   Application fee

•   Application requirements (form, essay, recommendations, etc.)

Choose a single system to monitor all submissions and deadlines, and make sure your parents can also access the information.

One method of organization could be to file the folders by deadline dates rather than school names to ensure you get all documents to each school on time.

Keep copies of important documents, such as recommendation letters and student housing information, in each folder. Most early decision or early action deadlines are in November, while regular decision applications are usually due in January.

Make a note of any schools that have extra forms or a particular department within the college that has its own set of requirements. The university likely has a list of scholarship deadlines, which may be different from its application deadline.

College application deadlines tend to be set in stone, and admission officers may even frown upon those who wait till the last minute to submit their applications. It can be helpful to set reminders on your phone, computer, or the kitchen calendar.

Schedule reminders for at least a month before the real deadline so there’s plenty of time to ask questions, make adjustments, and get your application in well before the deadline. This can help you avoid that night-before-the-deadline discovery that you are missing a form.

Consolidate tasks whenever possible. If you need a recommendation for an extracurricular activity for two different schools, don’t ask the softball coach and the band conductor. Pick one and ask for a reference letter that can be easily customized for both schools.

Even the simplest college application is typically made up of multiple forms. You can use a physical filing system or cloud-based storage to store forms, recommendation letters, and more. As you gather materials, divide everything into folders for each college and label PDFs with short, descriptive names (MusicRecommendation, not “scan008877605.pdf”).


💡 Quick Tip: Fund your education with a low-rate, no-fee SoFi private student loan that covers all school-certified costs.

College Application Checklist

Your college application checklist should look similar to what follows:

•   Create a filing system for schools organized by the application deadline

•   Set reminders for application deadlines

•   Gather test scores (SAT®, ACT®, etc.) if prospective schools require them

•   Ask for three or more letters of recommendation

•   Write personal essay (if needed)

•   Fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®)

•   Research scholarships

1. Take Standardized Tests (Or Not)

First on your college application process checklist is to consider whether you need standardized test scores. A majority of colleges and universities no longer require standardized tests like the SAT and ACT for school applications — check with the schools you plan to apply to. If you want to play it safe and you have the time, you may want to take the test just in case.

Generally, students must register for tests about a month in advance. It will take a couple of weeks for scores to be distributed, and colleges receive scores about 10 days after students. So if your college application deadline is in January, you should schedule your test by October. Perhaps you’ll want to take it earlier if you want to give yourself enough time to retake the test if you’d like to try to get a higher score.

2. Request Letters of Recommendation

Next on your college application requirement checklist: Many colleges request two to three letters of recommendation. According to the College Board, these should be “written by someone who can describe your skills, accomplishments, and personality.” It’s wise to ask people who know you well and are enthusiastic about this prospect. Consider requesting an extra letter or two in case a recommender misses the deadline or backs out at the last minute.

When asking for a recommendation letter, keep in mind that teachers and coaches are usually very busy and likely being asked by multiple students. If possible, give them at least a month to write a reference letter. Really, the earlier the better. Some schools require recommendations from teachers in specific subjects, so be mindful of specific requirements.

3. Check for Special Deadlines

You’ll want to consider other deadlines as well, such as applications for special dorms, department-level scholarships, registering for summer activities, and more. These things can end up coloring the college experience just as much as which university you get accepted to.

In many cases, dorms are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Applying early can help you get the specific type of dorm you want, such as co-ed, separated by gender, or substance-free.

4. Fill Out the FAFSA

While you’re gathering all the information for college, you’ll probably be thinking about how to pay for college. For this item on your college admission checklist, you’ll likely want to start with the FAFSA, the form that parents and students must complete to be eligible for federal student loans and aid. Many colleges also use the FAFSA to decide if a student qualifies for its own grants and scholarships.

A university may offer both need-based and merit-based aid. Need-based aid is determined by a family’s income and circumstances, while merit-based aid is determined by academics, athletics, and other talents. The FAFSA helps colleges determine how much need-based federal aid a student qualifies for.

The FAFSA application is generally available starting in October. Try to apply as early as possible because some financial aid is awarded on a first-come, first-served basis.

A common misconception is that the FAFSA is a one-time deal. In reality, the FAFSA must be filled out every year to account for any changes in income or other circumstances. For example, if one of your parents gets laid off from their job, you might qualify for more need-based aid.

For some students, federal aid (including federal student loans) isn’t enough to cover the full cost of attendance. If that’s the case, it may be time to look into some additional sources of funding.

Recommended: Navigating Your Financial Aid Package

5. Additional Funding Options

Some families are able to fill the gap between tuition costs and student aid with savings. Parents may take out loans in their own name to help children pay for college, as well.

Other students are able to pay for a portion of their tuition with scholarships or grants. Scholarships and grants may require applicants to invest some time writing an essay or meeting other requirements. Any funds that are received can be a useful way to cover education costs since they don’t need to be repaid.

There are quite a few scholarship databases you can search to find those that fit your background and interests.

If you’ve exhausted your aid opportunities and are still looking to fill a gap, private student loans are an option to consider. While they don’t come with the same benefits as federal student loans (such as income-driven repayment plans and loan forgiveness options), they can be used to help pay for education expenses.

Unlike most federal student loans, the private student loan application process generally requires a credit check. Some students may find they need a student loan cosigner, which is someone who would be held responsible for the loan in the event the primary borrower fails to make payments.


💡 Quick Tip: Need a private student loan to cover your school bills? Because approval for a private student loan is based on creditworthiness, a cosigner may help a student get loan approval and a lower rate.

Stay Engaged in School

Once you’ve completed your college application checklist and your college applications are on their way, your last semester in high school can feel kind of pointless. Not true! Colleges will want to see those grades and know what you’ve been up to. If you’ve lost motivation, are cutting class, or let your grades slide, they’ll know it. And if you’re still taking AP exams, those results can determine whether you get credit for certain college courses.

Stay involved with your classes and send a follow-up letter listing any additional awards and achievements. This is your chance to show off what you’re capable of even when the pressure’s off.

Speaking of pressure, take time to relax — before, during, and after the application process. Plan some fun activities that don’t involve watching your inbox for acceptance letters. And congratulate yourself on making it this far.

The Takeaway

Navigating the college application process can be daunting, but with a well-organized checklist, you can stay on top of all the necessary tasks and deadlines. From gathering transcripts and standardized test scores to crafting compelling essays and securing letters of recommendation, each step plays a crucial role in presenting your best self to prospective colleges.

When it comes time to pay for college, most students rely on a combination of cash savings, grants, scholarships, federal student loans, and private student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

What are the things needed for a college application?

For a college application, you typically need transcripts, standardized test scores (if required), essays, letters of recommendation, a resume or activity list, and the completed application form. Some colleges may also require interviews or additional supplements.

Are SAT or ACT scores mandatory for college applications?

Not all colleges require SAT or ACT scores for applications. Many institutions have adopted test-optional policies, allowing students to decide whether to submit their scores. However, some schools still mandate these tests, so it’s important to check each college’s specific requirements.

When should students complete the FAFSA?

Students should complete the FAFSA as soon as possible after October 1st of the year before they plan to attend college. Early submission can maximize eligibility for financial aid, including grants and scholarships.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOISL-Q325-019

If you’re attending a public university that is not in your home state, establishing residency could significantly reduce the tuition bill. However, establishing residency for the sole purpose of qualifying for in-state tuition can be difficult. Generally, you need to be financially independent, live in the state for at least a year, and demonstrate that you intend to stay in order to be considered a resident of a new state.

Read on for a closer look at what it takes to establish residency where you go to college, whether or not it’s worth the effort, plus other ways to get a break on out-of-state tuition at a public university.

Establishing Residency

Each state has their own requirements for establishing residency. Requirements can also vary based on the university, which can add confusion to the process. Here are some of the general requirements that states and universities often require to determine residency:

•   Physical presence: Most states need you to be a resident for 12 consecutive months before you qualify for in-state tuition. The time to establish residency could be more or less, depending on the state.

•   Intent: Students generally must prove that they are living in a state for more reasons than just attending school.

•   Financial independence: Typically, students must prove they are financially independent and no longer supported by their parents.

3 Tips for Establishing Residency

Establishing residency can be difficult, but with these tips and a little legwork, you may be able to become a resident of the state where you go to college and, possibly, slash your tuition bill.

1. Relocate as Soon as Possible

Since most states require you to be a resident for 12 consecutive months, it makes sense to relocate as soon as you can. If you are currently enrolled in a school, and are hoping to establish residency, this could mean spending your summers on-campus or at the very least in that state. You may also need to rent or buy property, as well as pay income taxes in your new state.

In addition, you’ll likely have to cut ties to your home state and do things like change your voter registration.

2. Boost Your Reasons for Moving

You usually need to prove the reason you moved to the state wasn’t solely for getting in-state tuition.

There are a few things you can do to help prove intent:

•   Get a new driver’s license

•   Register a vehicle

•   Get a state hunting and/or fishing license

•   Open a local bank account

•   Get a local library card

Having any of these things in your old state may make it more difficult to establish residency in your new state.

3. You May Have to Distance Yourself from Your Parents

One of the common requirements for establishing residency is financial independence. This can make establishing residency extremely difficult for students between the ages of 18 and 22 who are still being supported by their parents. Becoming an independent student before the age of 24 can be challenging, both logistically and emotionally.

You may already be an independent student if:

•   You are married

•   You are a veteran

•   You have dependents of your own

•   You are a legally emancipated minor

If you are a dependent student, it’s worth weighing the pros and cons of establishing residency on your own. It could mean delaying graduation and paying for college without any help from your family.

Alternatives to Establishing Residency

Establishing residency in a new state isn’t always the only option for getting in-state tuition. Some states participate in regional reciprocity agreements that let students attend colleges in bordering states at a discount.

Here are a few examples:

1. New England Regional Student Program

Run by the New England Board of Higher Education, this program allows New England residents to enroll in out-of-state New England public colleges and universities at a discount. To be eligible for the program, students must enroll in an approved major that is not offered by the public colleges and universities in their home state.

This program includes six states: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont.

2. Midwest Student Exchange Program

Through the MSEP , public institutions agree to charge students no more than 150% of the in-state resident tuition rate for specific programs. Some private colleges and universities offer a 10% reduction on their tuition rates.

Participating states include: Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and Wisconsin. You can use its database to find colleges and universities participating in the program.

3. Southern Regional Education Board’s Academic Common Market

This program is similar to the New England Regional Student Program. It provides tuition savings to students in the 16 SREB states who are interested in pursuing degrees that are not offered by their in-state institutions. Students are able to enroll in out-of-state institutions that offer their degree program, but they pay the in-state tuition rate.

Participating states include: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. You can use its database to find participating institutions.

4. Western Undergraduate Exchange

The Western Undergraduate Exchange is open to students from any of the 16 states that participate in the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education (WICHE). The program allows students to enroll as nonresidents in more than 170 participating public colleges and universities and pay 150% (or less) of the enrolling school’s resident tuition.

Participating states and territories include: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, U.S. Pacific Territories and Freely Associated States, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

5. Exceptions for Students without Residency

Sometimes, residency rules are waived or are more lenient for students with special circumstances, including veterans or the children of military personnel.

There is no single database of these exceptions, so if you think you may qualify for one, check with the colleges you are interested in to see whether there are any exceptions and how you can apply for them.

Recommended: What Is the Cost of Attendance in College?

Types of Student Loans to Help Students Pay for College

Even if you’re able to establish residency in a new state and qualify for in-state tuition, you still may need help paying for college. Scholarships, grants, and work-study are types of financial aid that are not required to be repaid. Beyond that, student loans are also an option. There are two major categories for student loans: federal and private.

Federal Student Loans for Undergraduate Students

Federal student loans are funded by the U.S. government and are subject to a set of standard rules and regulations. The interest rate on federal loans is fixed, which means it remains the same over the life of the loan. These interest rates are set annually by Congress.

There are two main types of federal student loans that may be available to undergraduate students — Direct Subsidized or Direct Unsubsidized Loans.

Direct Subsidized student loans are awarded based on financial need. The interest on these loans is paid for (or subsidized) by the U.S. Department of Education during the following periods:

•   While the student is enrolled in school at least half-time

•   During the loan’s grace period, which is usually the first six months after the borrower graduates or drops below half-time enrollment

•   During qualifying periods of deferment, which is a period of time when loan payments are paused

Borrowers with unsubsidized loans are responsible for all of the interest that accrues on the loan, even while they are attending school.

To apply for a federal student loan, students must fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®). Students interested in receiving financial aid must submit the FAFSA each year.

Private Student Loans

Private student loans are borrowed directly from private lenders like banks or other financial institutions. These loans may have fixed or variable interest rates. Unlike the federal student loans available to undergraduate students, which do not require a credit check, private lenders will generally review a borrower’s credit history, among other factors, when making their lending decisions.

In general, you’ll want to consider private student loans only after you’ve tapped any federal loan options available to you. This is because private lenders do not offer the same protections — such as income-driven repayment plans — to borrowers.

Recommended: Fixed Rate vs. Variable Rate Student Loans

The Takeaway

Establishing residency can help a student qualify for in-state tuition, which could lead to a substantial savings in tuition costs. Unfortunately, establishing residency for the purpose of qualifying for in-state tuition, especially as a dependent student, can be challenging. Some states, however, have reciprocity agreements with other states, which allows you to benefit from lower tuition without establishing residency in a new state.

Whatever tuition you end up paying, there are resources that can help make the cost of going to college more manageable, including financial aid and federal and private student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

FAQ

How do you get residency in a state for college?

To get residency for college, you must live in the state for a specified period, usually one year. You also need to establish ties, such as getting a job, registering to vote, and obtaining a state driver’s license. Check the specific requirements of the state and university.

Is there a way to avoid out-of-state tuition?

Yes, you can avoid out-of-state tuition by establishing residency in the new state, joining the military, participating in reciprocal agreements, or enrolling in a program that offers in-state rates to non-residents. Some universities also have exceptions for certain students.

Do I lose in-state tuition if I move?

If you move out of state, you may lose in-state tuition rates at your current university. You would typically be charged out-of-state tuition unless you establish residency in the new state or qualify for specific exemptions.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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SOISL-Q325-015

Returning to college as an adult can be equally exciting and daunting. Whether you’re looking to take your career in a new direction or advance your current one, there’s a lot to plan for, including your course of study, applying to schools, and paying for college.

Adult learners — students who are age 25 or older — represent a significant share of college students across the U.S. To help navigate the process, this guide will walk you through how to go back to school as an adult.

Benefits of Returning to College as an Adult Learner

If you’re thinking, “I want to go back to school,” it’s important to figure out the reason to help narrow your search for degree programs and get an idea of what college might cost.

Going back to school at 25 or older is increasingly common, whether to achieve personal goals, develop new skills, or improve job prospects. According to the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center, about 2 million undergraduates aged 25 and older were enrolled at four-year institutions during the spring 2024 semester.

Those considering going back to school as an adult for a master’s or doctoral degree, will find plenty of like-minded students. There were more than 1.3 million graduate students aged 30 and older enrolled across the U.S. in 2024.

If you’re worried about what returning to school will cost, especially if you’re already in the process of repaying student loans from your first time around, getting your degree may enable you to earn a higher salary. Not only that, there are ways to manage your student loans, including student loan refinancing, which could help you get a lower interest rate if you qualify, thus lowering your monthly payments.

Here are a few top reasons why adults might decide to go back to school.

Career Advancement

Adults who are in the workforce might consider returning to school to learn in-demand skills or attain credentials to help advance in their current field or at their company. Some employers may even help cover the cost of tuition as an employee benefit. Check with your HR department.

If you’re planning to go back to school to improve your career prospects, consider how a degree program is valued at your employer and within the field more broadly.

Changing Careers

Perhaps your current job isn’t panning out the way you’d hoped, or there’s another career path you feel passionate about. Going back to school could be a wise move to transition to a career in a different field or sector.

Consider the level of education required for your chosen new profession, plus how your prior education or work experience can be leveraged to help you along the way.

Recommended: Financial Aid for a Second Bachelor’s Degree

Personal Fulfillment and Intellectual Stimulation

Returning to college as an adult has pros and cons, but can be a deeply fulfilling experience, offering a chance to pursue long-held passions and interests that may have been set aside due to life’s demands. Whether it’s a love for literature, a fascination with science, or a desire to explore new artistic avenues, higher education provides a structured environment to delve into these subjects with depth and rigor.

College courses also offer intellectual stimulation that can reignite your curiosity and keep your mind sharp. Engaging in academic discussions, critical thinking, and problem-solving can provide a fresh perspective on both personal and professional challenges.

Time Savings of Online Learning

One of the most compelling reasons for adults to return to college is the flexibility and time savings offered by online learning. Unlike traditional on-campus programs, online courses allow you to study at your own pace and on your own schedule. This is particularly beneficial for those juggling work, family, and other commitments.

Additionally, online learning eliminates the need for commuting, which can save a significant amount of time and reduce stress. Without the daily travel to and from a physical campus, you can allocate more time to studying, working, or spending quality time with family and friends.

Recommended: Tips for Taking Online Classes Successfully

Increased Earning Potential

A higher education is correlated with a higher salary. Most of the highest-paying jobs in the U.S. require at least a bachelor’s degree. Going back to finish your degree or earn an advanced degree could help you make significantly more in the long run.

In the third quarter of 2024, median weekly earnings were $946 for high school graduates, as compared to $1,533 for those with a bachelor’s degree and $1,916 for advanced degree holders.

Going to trade school as an adult can also pay off. There are numerous high-paying vocational jobs for those who have proper training and certification.

Networking Opportunities

Returning to college as an adult can provide valuable networking opportunities that can significantly enhance your career. Engaging with fellow students, many of whom may be professionals in various fields, can lead to new connections and collaborations.

These relationships can open doors to job opportunities, partnerships, and mentorships, which can be instrumental in advancing your career and expanding your professional horizons.

Recommended: What Should I Do After My Master’s Degree?

Skill Development

Whether you’re looking to pivot to a new career or advance in your current field, higher education offers specialized courses and programs that can equip you with the knowledge and expertise you need. These skills can make you more competitive in the job market and better prepared to take on new challenges.

Additionally, college provides a structured environment for hands-on learning and practical experience. Many programs offer internships, projects, and real-world applications that allow you to apply what you’ve learned in a practical setting. Skill development through college can be a transformative investment in your personal and professional growth.

Setting a Positive Example for Your Children

By pursuing higher education, you demonstrate the value of lifelong learning and the importance of setting and achieving goals to your children.

This can inspire your children to take their own education seriously and to see the benefits of hard work and dedication. Seeing you commit to personal growth can motivate them to do the same, fostering a culture of learning and ambition within your family.

Financial Benefits and Opportunities

Going back to college can lead to significant financial benefits. Higher education often results in better job prospects and higher earning potential. Many industries require advanced degrees or specialized certifications for promotions and higher-paying positions, and obtaining these credentials can open up new career paths and opportunities.

Additionally, further education can equip you with the skills and knowledge needed to start your own business or pursue entrepreneurial ventures, potentially leading to greater financial independence and success.

Financing Your Return to College

If you’re wondering how to pay for college as an adult learner, there are multiple forms of financial aid you may be eligible for, including scholarships, grants, federal student loans from the government, and private student loans from private lenders like banks, credit unions, and online lenders.

To receive federal financial aid, you’ll need to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, better known as the FAFSA®. After submitting the FAFSA, you may qualify for Federal Direct Subsidized Loans, Direct Unsubsidized Loans, or Direct PLUS Loans. These loans have fixed interest rates and come with federal benefits such as income-driven repayment plans and deferment options.

Completing the FAFSA is typically required to be eligible for other types of financial aid as well, including private scholarships, school-based aid, and state assistance. When browsing scholarships and state assistance programs, take note of eligibility requirements and submission deadlines to help inform which opportunities you apply for and when.

After you’ve tapped into all the federal aid options available, you have the option to fill any funding gaps with private student loans. These loans require a credit check — typically, the stronger your credit, the lower the interest rate you may get. And remember that you can always refinance private student loans later on to try to get a lower interest rate or more favorable terms. Our student loan refinance calculator can help you see what you might save by refinancing.

Recommended: 6 Ways to Save Money for Grad School

The Takeaway

It’s never too late to go back to school and achieve your educational and professional goals. Having a concrete plan can help adult learners get the most out of the time and money they invest in going back to school. There are multiple factors to consider, including a school’s academic reputation, course schedules, online vs. in-person learning, and financial aid.

If you have existing student loans, you might consider student loan refinancing to potentially reduce your payments, which could make it more affordable to go back to school. Just be aware that refinancing federal student loans makes them ineligible for federal programs and protections.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

FAQ

Can I work while attending online college?

Yes, you can work while attending online college. Online programs offer flexibility, allowing you to manage your schedule around work commitments. However, balance is key to ensure you can handle both responsibilities effectively.

What should I consider before going back to college online?

Before going back to college online, consider your time management skills, financial resources, and the support system you have in place. Evaluate the program’s reputation, accreditation, and whether it aligns with your career goals. Also, assess your technology access and comfort level with online learning.

How can I pay for college as an adult student?

As an adult student, you can pay for college through financial aid, scholarships, grants, and student loans. Consider employer tuition assistance, savings, and part-time work, as well.

Is it financially worthwhile to pursue further education after graduation?

Pursuing further education can be financially worthwhile if it leads to higher-paying job opportunities or career advancement. Consider the cost, potential income increase, and time commitment. Research the return on investment for your specific field of interest.

How can returning to college help advance my career?

Returning to college can advance your career by enhancing your skills, knowledge, and qualifications. It can open doors to new job opportunities, higher positions, and increased earning potential. Networking with peers and professionals also provides valuable connections and insights.

Photo credit: iStock/Hispanolistic

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.