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An individual preparing to file a federal tax return will want to think back on gifts given in the prior year. If a gift exceeds a certain threshold, the IRS wants it reported by Tax Day — but only extremely wealthy taxpayers will ever have to pay taxes on their lifetime of gifts.

In 2022, you could have made gifts worth up to $16,000 per recipient without reducing your lifetime exemption, being required to report the gift to the IRS, or paying federal gift tax.

Gifts over that value count toward the lifetime gift and estate tax exemption of $12.06 million (per spouse, if married), rising even higher in 2023.

Recommended: Does Net Worth Include Home Equity?

What Is a Gift and What Is Not?

According to the IRS, gift tax is applicable when property is transferred from one person to another, with the giver receiving nothing, or less than full value, in return.

The tax applies even when the donor doesn’t consider the transfer a gift.

The IRS defines the federal gift tax broadly, including when the gift is monetary or a physical property, or a donor allowing someone to stay in their property or earn income from the property without getting something equal in return.

Someone who makes an interest-free or reduced-interest loan may also be seen as giving a gift.

When you make a gift other than cash, you must assess the property’s fair market value: the price a willing buyer would pay in the open market. If you’re buying a house from a family member, you might ask for a gift of equity.

Generally, the IRS does not consider these taxable gifts:

•   Gifts that are not more than the annual exclusion for the calendar year

•   Another person’s tuition, as long as payments are made directly to the educational institution

•   Another person’s medical expenses, as long as the payments are made directly to medical service providers

•   Gifts to a spouse who is a U.S. citizen

•   Gifts to a political organization

•   Gifts to IRS-approved charities

Recommended: Rich vs Wealthy: What’s the Difference?

What Is a Gift Tax Return?

Par for the course with the IRS, there’s a form involved if you made a gift exceeding the annual limit: Form 709. It is to be filled out the year after the giving of the gift. So if a relevant gift was given in 2022, the information belongs on the 2023 tax return form.

Information on this form lets the IRS know that a gift has been given that falls within the scope of the gift tax.

Married couples may “split” gifts and essentially double their annual exclusion. If you are married and your spouse consented, you could have given up to $32,000 to an unlimited number of individuals in 2022 with no gift or estate tax consequences. For 2023, that amount rises to $34,000.

Spouses who split gifts always have to file Form 709, even when no taxable gift was incurred.

The gift tax is tied to the estate tax. As of tax year 2022, you can leave up to $12.06 million to relatives or friends free of any federal estate tax. If you’re married, your spouse is entitled to a separate $12.06 million exemption. Clearly this is the province of high earners.

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Who Files the Gift Tax Return: the Giver or the Recipient?

Taxes typically fall on the donor, not the recipient.

There may be special circumstances when the recipient will agree to pay the tax. If you make this agreement, the IRS suggests that you contact your tax professional for guidance on how to proceed.

Annual Exclusion for 2022

You could have made an unlimited number of tax-free gifts in 2022 as long as no one received more than $16,000.

If you held back, just know that you can make an unlimited number of tax-free gifts of up to $17,000 in 2023, when the lifetime gift tax exemption increases to $12.92 million per person.

Tracking gifts you make, and all outlays, is easier with a spending app.

When Do You Need to File a Gift Tax Return?

This follows the regular tax filing deadline, which is April 18 in 2023.

If you need a gift tax return extension when you’re not filing a tax extension for your general income tax return, file Form 8892. This will typically give you a six-month extension.

How to File a Gift Tax Return

First, you use the federal gift tax return Form 709 that’s available online through the IRS. The IRS also provides gift tax return instructions. The agency includes determining if you need to file a form and, if so, for what gifts.

You may need to decide whether you and a spouse will split the gift taxes.

Form 709 is complicated. Whether you’re a seasoned tax filer or filing taxes for the first time, a tax pro could be of great help.

Recommended: How Long Does It Take for the IRS to Mail a Refund?

What Happens If I Don’t File a Gift Tax Return?

You could be fined by the IRS, and the taxing authority is becoming more vigilant in levying these failure-to-pay penalties. The fine equals 0.5% for every month that the tax isn’t paid, based on the amount of the gift. So, as time goes by, the fine gets bigger. If the IRS determines that fraud was involved, the fine can go up to 5%.

If this oversight isn’t discovered in a person’s lifetime, the estate could be assessed the accumulated fine.

How Long Should You Keep Gift Tax Returns?

Keep them indefinitely! They will likely be needed by the executor of your estate.

Recommended: Updates to the Tax Code

The Takeaway

A gift tax return might inspire dread, but it’s simply a way for the IRS to track eligible gifts made in a year and over a lifetime. Most people will never pay gift taxes.

Want to keep tabs on gifts and track all of your money in one place? SoFi provides credit score monitoring, spending breakdowns, budget planning, and more at no cost.

Find financial enlightenment with SoFi.

FAQ

What triggers a gift tax return?

The main trigger is exceeding the annual limit of what you can give without taxation. The annual amount per donee is $16,000 in 2022 and $17,000 in 2023.

Do I have to file a gift tax return if I receive a gift?

In general, it’s the donor of the gift, not the recipient, who pays the tax.

What happens if I don’t file a gift tax return?

The IRS may levy fines. If it doesn’t happen in your lifetime, the situation may be uncovered by the IRS after your death, and fines can be levied on the estate.

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Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Form 709 is the way to report to the IRS any gifts made in the prior year that are subject to the gift tax. Don’t worry, though. Most people will never pay any taxes on gifts made over the course of their lives.

The annual gift tax exemption amount is fairly substantial; the lifetime gift tax exemption is stratospheric.

In any given year, you may give gifts under the annual threshold to an unlimited number of people and be free from filling out IRS gift tax Form 709. If you do need to report one or more gifts, again, you’re probably never going to have to pay gift taxes.

What Counts Toward the Gift Tax?

For taxpayers filing in 2023, the gift tax applies to anything worth over $16,000 that they gave another person while receiving nothing, or less than full value, in return.

Whether it’s cash, real estate, stocks, or the use of or income from property, the recipient must be able to have full and immediate access to the gift for the gift to qualify for the annual exclusion.

For gifts of over $16,000 per person, you can apply an amount you gift to the current lifetime estate tax exemption of $12.06 million (if you’re married, your spouse is allowed the same).

Gifts can include assets in any class or type of income, such as:

•   Real estate (including a down payment gift for a first home)

•   Stocks

•   Bonds

•   Digital assets

•   Cryptocurrencies

•   NFTs

•   Loans made with rates below IRS “applicable federal rates”

•   Transfer of benefits of an insurance policy

•   Student loan payments or other debt payments made for another person

Recommended: Does Net Worth Include Home Equity?

What Is the Annual Gift Tax Exemption?

For tax year 2022 (taxes filed in 2023), you could have given any number of people up to $16,000 each without incurring a taxable gift ($32,000 for spouses “splitting” gifts). That is up from $15,000 in tax year 2021.

You do not have to file Form 709 for a gift you made worth up to $16,000.

The annual gift tax exclusion rose to $17,000 per recipient in tax year 2023, and the lifetime exemption to $12.92 million per individual.

You can log all of your largesse in a spending app that tracks financial goals.

Examples of Gift Tax Rules in Action

Let’s say you gave $116,000 to your mother in 2022 for her birthday. You would report $100,000 of the gift to the IRS, but federal tax law provides you with that unified gift and estate tax exemption ($12.06 million for tax year 2022) to offset any gift tax you may owe.

A married couple you know has three children and five grandchildren they like to shower with generosity. Each spouse may give eight gifts of $17,000 in 2023 to their family members without touching their combined $25.84 million lifetime gift tax exemption or filling out Form 709.

You want to buy a house from a family member. The sale price must equate to what it would be between strangers unless the seller provides a gift of equity — the difference between the selling price and the home’s current market value.

The relative could give you a gift of equity worth the annual exemption ($17,000 in 2023, or $34,000 for spouses “splitting” gifts) without reporting that sum to the IRS. (Another perk: Most lenders will allow the gift to count as the down payment in a non-arm’s-length transaction.) In this example, the seller must report any gift of over $17,000, or $34,000 for spouses, and apply it to their lifetime gift tax exclusion.

Recommended: How Long Does It Take to Get a Tax Refund?

Does the Giver or Recipient Fill Out Form 709?

Form 709 is filled out by the giver of the gift. The donor is also responsible for paying the tax, whether it’s when the gift was given or after the giver’s death.

However, it is possible that the recipient may have to pay the tax if the donor does not.

How to Fill Out Form 709

Understanding what each part means and how to calculate the tax can be difficult. There are a lot of rules and exceptions to understand. When filling out Form 709, getting help from a tax professional is a good idea.

Form 709 is actually called the Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return. The generation-skipping transfer tax (GSTT) exemption applies to certain gifts that skip a generation (or are transferred to anyone more than 37.5 years younger than the donor), such as a gift from a grandparent to a grandchild. It also includes trusts.

The GSTT exemption is separate from the gift and estate tax exemption.

Determine If You Are Required to Fill Out Form 709

You do not need to fill out Form 709 if you made contributions for the following reasons:

•   Payments made that qualify for the medical exclusion

•   Payments made that qualify for the tuition exclusion

•   Payments or transfers made to certain political parties or charities

•   Payments to spouses, except for gifts over $164,000 made to non-U.S. citizen spouses (for 2022) and $175,000 (for 2023)

To reiterate, gifts under the annual exclusion amount ($16,000 per person in tax year 2022) do not need to be reported on Form 709.

For couples splitting gifts, if either spouse makes a gift that exceeds the couple’s combined annual gift tax exclusion, or if each spouse makes gifts that exceed the individual annual gift tax exclusion, both spouses will need to file a Form 709, and each will need to provide consent to split gifts on the other spouse’s return.

Each gift tax return should also disclose one-half of the amount over the combined annual gift tax exemption as a lifetime gift.

Part 1: General Information

The first part to fill out is your general information, which is the same as when you’re filing taxes for the first time or you’ve been filing for years. This includes your name, address, and whether or not you elect to split gifts between you and a spouse.

Schedule A

Head to the next page to fill out Schedule A, a computation of taxable gifts, including transfers in trust.

The filer must include information about the gift recipient, a description of the gift, and the value of the gift. Reporting taxable gifts is divided into:

•   Part 1: Gifts subject only to gift tax

•   Part 2: Direct skips

•   Part 3: Indirect skips and other transfers in trust

•   Part 4: Taxable Gift Reconciliation

Schedules B, C, D

Next, fill out Schedules B, C, and D (if applicable). Schedule B is for gifts from prior periods; Schedule C is for claiming unused amounts of the exclusion for a deceased spouse; and Schedule D is for computation of generation-skipping transfer tax.

Part 2: Tax Computation

You’ll enter amounts from Schedules A, B, C, and D back on the first page of Form 709. Your tax return preparation software or professional will calculate the amount of gift tax owed.

If filing a paper return, you’ll need to use the Table for Computing Gift Tax found in the instructions.

The executor of a decedent’s estate will use Form 706 to decide whether any estate tax is owed. Form 706 is also used to compute the GSTT on direct skips.

Recommended: What Tax Bracket Am I In?

The Takeaway

Understanding annual and lifetime gift tax exemptions is easy, but filling out Gift Tax Form 709 may require help from a professional. Remember that you can make an unlimited number of gifts valued at less than the annual limit and skip reporting them to the IRS.

How to log gifts you make and track your spending, debt, and investments? A free money tracker app like SoFi allows you to connect all of your accounts on one mobile dashboard.

SoFi also includes credit score monitoring.

See your total financial landscape and get insights at no cost. Now that’s a gift.

FAQ

Do I file Form 709 with my tax return?

Yes, Form 709 is filed with your federal tax return if you exceeded the annual gift tax exclusion.

What happens if I don’t fill out Form 709?

According to the IRS, filers who are required to fill out Form 709 but do not may be subject to penalties and criminal prosecution.

An audit could reveal a gift not reported. A generous gift might just stick out like a sore thumb. If you’re running behind, file Form 8892 by Tax Day for an automatic six-month extension of time to file Form 709 when you are not applying for an extension to file your individual income tax return.

What should I include with Form 709?

Include all gifts in excess of the annual threshold that were given during the tax year and that need to be reported to the IRS.

Do you have to file Form 709 every year?

IRS Form 709 must be filed every year that gifts worth more than the excluded amount were made. For tax year 2022, that’s any gift given by an individual that was over $16,000 in value; for 2023, it’s gifts over $17,000. Couples may “split” gifts.

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SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.

*Terms and conditions apply. (Must click on the link to be eligible.) This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the Rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed into SoFi accounts such as cash in SoFi Checking and Savings, SoFi credit cards or loan balances, and fractional shares subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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The earned income tax credit directly reduces the amount of income tax owed by lower-income working taxpayers. Depending on a tax filer’s number of children, tax filing status, and income, the tax credit can be in the thousands.

Here’s what you need to know about the 2022 EITC tax refund schedule and the 2023 EITC numbers.

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What Is the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)?

The earned income tax credit, also known as the earned income credit (EIC), is a credit that low- to moderate-income workers can claim on their tax returns to reduce federal income tax owed.

Singles or married couples must have some form of earned income to qualify. Above a certain income level, they aren’t eligible for the credit. The number of qualifying children is also a key component of the tax credit.

The credit ranges from $560 to $6,935 for the 2022 tax year (taxpayers filing by April 18, 2023) and from $600 to $7,430 for 2023.

For those filing federal returns in 2023, the maximum allowable adjusted gross income (AGI) is $59,187 for a married couple filing jointly who have three or more children. Tables with amounts for the tax credit and maximum AGI are in the next section.

At the very least, the EITC reduces the amount of tax owed. At best, low-income people who have little or no income tax liability can receive the total credit in the form of a tax refund.

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How Does the Earned Income Tax Credit Work?

The EITC is a fairly complicated credit, even for taxpayers who are not filing taxes for the first time. In fact, the IRS sees errors in close to 25% of tax returns claiming it. Online tax filing software can help. The IRS also offers an “EITC Assistant” calculator.

The amount of the credit depends on the tax filer’s number of qualifying children, filing status, and earned income or AGI. (AGI is defined as gross income — including wages, dividends, capital gains, business income, and retirement distributions — minus adjustments to income, which can be student loan interest, contributions to a retirement account, educator expenses, or alimony payments.)

Investment income must be $10,300 or less in 2022 ($11,000 or less in 2023).

On your tax form, the credit is filed under the “payments” section, which is a way for the credit to be directly applied dollar for dollar to any income tax you owe.

Workers receive the credit beginning with their first dollar of earned income. The amount of the credit rises with earned income until it reaches a maximum level. Then it begins to phase out at higher income levels.

Taxpayers with earned income or AGI above a certain level won’t qualify for the tax credit at all. These amounts are listed below for tax years 2022 and 2023.

Tax Year 2022 EITC Tax Refund Schedule
Number of children or dependents	Maximum earned income tax credit	Maximum AGI for single, head of household, or widowed filers	Maximum AGI for married joint filers
0	$560	$16,480	$22,610
1	$3,733	$43,492	$49,622
2	$6,164	$49,399	$55,529
3 or more	$6,935	$53,057	$59,187

Phaseout amount begins at:

•   Single, head of household, or widowed: $9,160 for no children; $20,130 with qualifying children.

•   Married filing jointly: $15,290 for no children; $26,260 with qualifying children.

Tax Year 2023 EITC Tax Refund Schedule
Number of children or dependents	Maximum earned income tax credit	Maximum AGI for single, head of household, or widowed filers	Maximum AGI for married joint filers
0	$600	$17,640	$24,210
1	$3,995	$46,560	$53,120
2	$6,604	$52,918	$59,478
3 or more	$7,430	$56,838	$63,398

Phaseout amount begins at:

•   Single, head of household, or widowed: $9,800 for no children; $21,560 with qualifying children.

•   Married filing jointly: $16,370 for no children; $28,120 with qualifying children.

Who Qualifies for the EITC?

To qualify for the EITC, you must have earned income and meet certain AGI requirements.

Types of income include:

•   W-2 wages from employment

•   Self-employment (or gig or freelance) earnings

•   Certain disability benefits

•   Benefits from a union strike

•   Nontaxable combat pay

You do not have to include income from the following sources:

•   Social Security

•   Child support or alimony

•   Unemployment benefits

•   Pensions or annuities

•   Interest and dividends

•   Pay as a prison inmate

What Are ‘Qualifying Children’?

To claim a child for the EITC, a qualifying child must have a valid Social Security number, meet the four tests of a qualifying child, and cannot be claimed by more than one person.

The four tests for a qualifying child are:

•   Age: A qualifying child can be of any age if they are permanently and totally disabled; under age 19 at the end of the year and younger than you; or under age 24 at the end of the year and a full-time student for at least five months of the year and younger than you.

•   Relationship: A qualifying child can be a son, daughter, stepchild, adopted child, foster child, brother, sister, half brother, half sister, stepsister, stepbrother, grandchild, niece, or nephew.

•   Residency: The child lived with you in your home for more than half the year.

•   Joint return: The child is not filing a joint return with anyone, such as a spouse, to claim any tax credits like the EITC.

Recommended: How Long Does It Take for the IRS to Send Refunds?

Can You Claim the EITC If You Have No Children?

It is possible to claim the EITC if you have no children, but the income threshold is very low and the credit is small.

For tax year 2022, the maximum credit is $560 for filers without children. The maximum adjusted gross income is $16,480 for taxpayers filing as single, head of household, or widowed and $22,610 for married couples filing jointly.

For tax year 2023, the maximum credit is $600. The income figures are in the table above.

Requirements include:

•   A valid Social Security number

•   Not filing Form 2555 (foreign earned income)

•   Main home is in the U.S. for more than half the year

•   Not claimed as a dependent or qualifying child on another tax return

•   You are at least 19 (or 24 if you were at least a part-time student for at least five months of the year, or at least 18 if you are a former foster child after turning 14 or a homeless youth)

There are also special qualifying rules for clergy, members of the military, and taxpayers and their relatives who receive disability payments.

Recommended: Do You Qualify for the Home Office Tax Deduction?

How the EITC Can Affect When You Receive Your Refund

Your tax refund may be delayed if you claim the EITC and file early in the year. The IRS is required to wait until mid-February to issue refunds when the EITC is claimed.

Expect a tax refund by March 1, assuming there were no issues with your tax return and you opted for direct deposit, the IRS says.

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Common Errors to Avoid When Claiming the EITC

The IRS lists five snags to avoid when claiming the earned income credit.

1.    Your child doesn’t qualify: The IRS states that most errors occur because the child doesn’t meet the four requirements relating to relationship, residency, age, and filing status.

2.    More than one person claimed the child: Only one person can claim the qualifying child. If the child counts as a qualifying child for more than one person (such as separated or divorced parents), the IRS has some guidelines on how to choose which person can claim the qualifying child.

3.    Social Security number or last name doesn’t match card: The Social Security number and name must be exactly how they appear on the Social Security card.

4.    Married and filed as single or head of household: Taxpayers cannot claim the EITC if they are married and file as single or head of household.

5.    Over- or underreported income or expenses: Be sure to include all types of income from IRS Forms W-2, W-2G, 1099-MISC, 1099-NEC, and other income unless it’s one of the exceptions listed above.

Recommended: Should I Sell My House Now or Wait?

The Takeaway

The EITC offers income tax relief for lower-income workers. If you think you might qualify, look at the EITC tax refund schedules, seek tax help if you need to, and file electronically for a speedier refund.

While filing taxes isn’t most people’s idea of fun, a free money tracker app can make keeping your financial house in order much easier.

SoFi Financial Insights free budget app will allow you to track your credit score, keep tabs on your cash flow and spending habits (plus find ways to save), monitor your credit usage, and see the paydown progress on your loans.

Take credit for good decisions, like signing up for SoFi.

FAQ

When should I expect my EITC refund?

According to the IRS, a refund with an EITC will arrive around March 1 if you filed electronically and elected for direct deposit, and there were no issues with your return. By law, the IRS cannot issue a tax refund with an EITC before mid-February.

Most taxpayers of all stripes who file electronically should get a refund within 21 days, the IRS said in January 2023.

Will there be an EITC in 2023?

Yes, there is an EITC for 2023. It rises to a maximum of $7,430 for the 2023 tax year.

Will tax refunds be bigger in 2023?

No, not in general. Many taxpayers could see significantly smaller refunds in 2023, the IRS says, thanks to the expiration of expanded tax credits that served as pandemic relief. For the EITC, a taxpayer with no children who received an earned income credit of $1,502 in 2021 will receive a credit of $560 for tax year 2022 ($600 for 2023).

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SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.

*Terms and conditions apply. (Must click on the link to be eligible.) This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the Rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed into SoFi accounts such as cash in SoFi Checking and Savings, SoFi credit cards or loan balances, and fractional shares subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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The prospect of getting hitched often gives a couple butterflies — about their enormous wedding budget. But marrying your special someone doesn’t have to mean going into debt. A wedding budget breakdown can help you prioritize which elements matter most to you, so you can achieve the wedding of your dreams without going overboard.

We’ll review the average cost of common wedding items big and small, mistakes to avoid, and cost-cutting tips that will make the whole process easier on your wallet and your peace of mind.

Average Cost of a Wedding

Based on a survey of 1,000 people, SoFi’s recent survey found that the median cost of a wedding is $10,000. As you might expected, individual figures can vary greatly: If you get hitched in the grand ballroom of a hotel in Chicago with sweeping views of Lake Michigan, it’s going to be much pricier than gathering with just immediate family and your best friends to exchange vows by that same lake.

In real life, the average cost of a wedding varies widely based on location. In Idaho, Oklahoma, and Wyoming, wedding expenses total around $16,000. Over in New Jersey, New York, and Washington, D.C., the big day exceeds $40,000.

We’ve rounded up the items that will account for most of your wedding budget.

Major Costs to Include in Your Wedding Budget Breakdown

Next, consider this breakdown for a major, $30,000-plus wedding with all the bells and whistles. While the median cost of a wedding is considerably lower, this will give you an idea of how expenses may be broken down. Most couples go all-in on just one or two priorities for their big day.

Average Wedding Costs
Venue	$10,700
Engagement Ring	$6,000
Live Music	$4,300
Photographer	$2,500
Rehearsal Dinner	$2,300
Flowers	$2,300
Videographer	$1,900
Wedding Dress	$1,800
DJ	$1,400
Invitations	$530
Wedding Cake	$500
Favors	$450
Bride’s Hair Stylist	$130
Bride’s Makeup	$115
Catering	$75/person

Mind you, these are the costs incurred by and for the bride and groom. The groomsmen and bridesmaids will incur their own costs for being in the wedding.

Figure Out What You Can Afford

No one is born knowing how to plan a wedding. To set your wedding budget, start by asking yourself a few questions:

•   How much of your savings are you willing to use for your wedding?

•   Are your parents or other relatives planning to contribute financially?

•   How much can you reasonably save each month from your salary?

•   How long will it take to save the amount of money you need?

•   Is a wedding really worth the amount of money you want to spend on it?

Getting clarity on these answers will help you come up with a starting number.

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Typical Wedding Budget Allocation

Budget allocation involves assigning a percentage of your overall fund to each category. Use the percentages below to get a rough idea of how much you can pay for your venue, catering, etc. According to The Knot, a typical budget allocation looks like this:

Wedding Budget Allocation
Venue	30%
Catering	23%
Live Music	13%
Wedding Rings	7%
Alcohol	7%
Photographer	7%
Flowers	7%
Videographer	6%
Couple’s Attire	6%
Wedding Planner	5%
Lighting & Decor	5%
DJ	4%
Guest Entertainment	3%
Transportation	3%
Stationery	2%
Hair & Makeup	2%
Favors	1%
Cake or Desserts	1%
Officiant	1%
Other	5%

These numbers don’t add up to 100% because alternative options are offered for the same category, such as live music, DJ, or guest entertainment. In combination with the average wedding costs table above, you should be able to project your total budget without any major surprises.

Common Wedding Budget Mistakes to Avoid

•   Not budgeting enough. Many couples underestimate the amount of money they’ll spend on a wedding. When there’s no plan, everything becomes a priority and you’ll go through money faster than you can imagine. Be sure to make both a wedding budget and a savings plan to make it happen.

•   Not communicating with loved ones about the budget. If you have parents or other loved ones helping to cover expenses, be sure to have a conversation with them to avoid overestimating their contribution.

•   Not saving long enough. Once you know how much you’ll need, be realistic about how long it will take you to save that money. You may want to consider pushing back your wedding date to have enough time to save for it. (Too late to save up? Learn about wedding financing options.)

•   Going into debt. Many couples put wedding expenses on a credit card. If the balance isn’t paid off within the month, you’ll end up paying high interest rates on top of what you budgeted.

•   Forgetting to budget for unexpected costs. Surprise bills always come up. Keep a small amount reserved for unexpected wedding expenses.

•   Not keeping track of your spending. With wedding expenses, it’s easy to lose track of which bills you’ve paid. A spending app can help you monitor expenses and stick to your budget.

7 Cost-Cutting Tips When Planning a Wedding on a Budget

If your list of wedding expenses far exceeds your budget, don’t panic. Trimming your costs isn’t so hard if you know how to go about it. These ideas can help.

1. Limit Your Guest List

Consider shortening your guest list to include only close friends and family members. This can be a blessing in disguise for certain types of weddings. For instance, a destination wedding is especially difficult to coordinate for more than 100 people.

2. Host the Ceremony or Reception at Home or Outside

The wedding venue is often your biggest expense — unless you move the ceremony outside or to a private home. You can reserve a park pavilion for around $100. A permit to hold a wedding ceremony at a national park is around $385. Forgoing a fancy venue puts a lot of money back in your pocket.

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3. Source Second-Hand Items

Utilizing a few previously owned items is a real budget saver.

•   Wedding decor. Gently used decor is often sold online at a fraction of the cost. Keep your eye on Craigslist, Facebook Marketplace, eBay, and Etsy, for items that work with your theme.

•   Wedding dress. A wedding dress that costs thousands brand-new can be thrifted for a few hundred dollars. If you really want to save money, consider borrowing a dress from a good friend or family member.

4. Ask Friends and Family to Gift Their Skills

Do you have a photographer in your network? What about an aspiring caterer or florist? While it’s worth paying for their skills, you can also try exchanging something of value. Babysitting for busy parents is always a winner.

You can also ask for services in lieu of a gift. Tactfully articulate your desire to start your new life on a budget, while respecting their need to earn a living. If they say they can’t do it, don’t push.

5. DIY Whenever Possible

Many details that cost a fortune to outsource may be pulled together with the help of friends and family.

•   Centerpieces. Your table decor can be made ahead of time by the wedding party or a group of aunties.

•   Invitations. It’s so easy to make your own invitations. Even if you’re unskilled, you can use online tools like Canva to create your design. Save the result as a photo file for cheap printing. Image files cost as little as 19 cents to print. Compare that to formal invitations that typically cost several dollars each to print.

•   Catering. Know someone who makes an incredible main dish or specializes in smoked barbeque? They may be willing to help out for little more than the cost of groceries and supplies.

•   Flowers. Making your own bouquet from flowers sold at the farmer’s market or grocer is an easy way to save a lot of money. Check out a YouTube video tutorial and you’ll be on your way.

6. Use a Dummy Wedding Cake

A dummy wedding cake is one that is made just for appearance. It’s frosted to look like a real cake but underneath it’s just styrofoam or cardboard.

7. Time Your Wedding Strategically

Wedding season traditionally runs from May to October. This is when demand is highest — and prices too. If you can plan a wedding for the off-season (say, December or March) demand and prices are lower. You may be able to get the venue you want for the price you want.

8. Scout Out Vendors

While you’re saving money for the wedding, you might as well suss out suitable vendors and venues at other weddings. Make notes on what you like, and book services way ahead of time for a better deal.

Recommended: The 52-Week Savings Challenge

The Secret to the Wedding of Your Dreams

Your dream wedding doesn’t have to spawn a nightmare budget. Be mindful of what you really want and what you can really afford. If a backyard potluck is all it takes to make you happy, then don’t worry about what other people say you “should” do.

Do what you want — and feel great about sticking to a budget that frees up funds for other purposes, like your first home or a lengthy honeymoon. Because saving for a dream wedding is just the first step in a couple’s life together.

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The Takeaway

Budgeting for a wedding can help you start married life on the right foot financially. First, find out the average costs in your area for major wedding expenses — venue, catering, music, photography. Then determine how much money you can pull together from family, your current savings, and however many paychecks you’ll receive before the big day. Budget allocation (assigning a percentage of your funds to each category) can help you separate your wants from needs. For example, you may want a live band and sit-down dinner for 200, but you only need a DJ and lots of passed hors d’oeuvres. If you scrimp on some items, you can splurge on others.

The right tools can make budgeting a lot easier. SoFi Financial Insights is a free money tracker app that offers a complete picture of your financial health. For saving, investing, and paying off debt, take a look at SoFi.

SoFi makes it easy to know where you stand, what you spend, and how to hit your financial goals — all in one app.

FAQ

How should your wedding budget be broken down?

Spend according to your values. If you value how you look, allocate a large portion of your budget to the dress, tuxedo, hair stylist, and makeup artist. If you value memories created by a video, allocate enough budget for that service. It all comes down to priorities. Spend more money on the things that are important to you, and save money on things that are incidental, and you’ll most likely be happy with your decisions.

What is a good budget for a simple wedding?

Since tastes and costs vary so much, it’s hard to offer an exact number for a simple wedding budget. Getting married doesn’t have to cost much more than the marriage license fee, but if you want to celebrate with loved ones, you’ll need to save money to make it happen. With a little creativity, it’s possible to make your wedding ideas come to life on any budget.

What is a low budget for a wedding on average?

For a low-budget wedding where no meals are provided for guests, plan on spending a few hundred dollars. At the very least, you need to pay a fee for a marriage license and an officiant. You can wear something you already have, eat a potluck meal, and take your own pictures — and it will still be magical.

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Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Dividends are payments that investors can receive from stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and mutual funds. These earnings count as income and may be taxable, depending on your income and filing status.

We’ll investigate dividend tax rates and the difference between ordinary and qualified dividends.

Defining Ordinary and Qualified Dividends

The IRS divides stock dividends into two categories: ordinary and qualified. The federal tax rate is different for each category. A qualified dividend is one that qualifies for a lower tax rate based on the concept of capital gains. An ordinary dividend, meanwhile, is one that doesn’t that doesn’t qualify for a lower rate.

When a company declares a dividend payment, your dividend is ordinary if you’ve held their stock for less than 61 days over a 121-day period. If, however, you make the stock purchase on or before the date that it’s declared, and then hold it for at least 61 days, it is considered qualified.

The timing also matters. Let’s say that you own stock in Company A, and they announce that a dividend will be paid on December 1. The day before, November 30, is called the ex-dividend date, or ex-date. If you bought your shares of stock 60 days or fewer before November 30, then your dividend is ordinary. But if you bought the stock more than 60 days before November 30, your dividend is qualified.

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Qualified Dividend Documentation

When it’s tax time, you’ll receive a 1099-DIV. This is the form that financial institutions use to report dividends to the IRS and relevant taxpayers. Box 1a shows the total ordinary dividends you received during this tax period. Box 1b shows your qualified dividends. The form will also show any federal or state income tax that was withheld. You can use this information plus the federal dividend tax rate to determine what you owe.

Financial institutions must issue a 1099-DIV to shareholders who receive more than $10 in dividends and other distributions for the year. For more on tax documentation, read our story on the most common types of tax forms.

Tax Information for Ordinary and Qualified Dividends

The ordinary dividend tax rate is the same as an individual’s income tax bracket for the year.

The qualified dividend tax rate for 2022 is calculated using capital gains tax rates. This may be 0% depending on your taxable income and filing status:

•   Less than $41,676 for single or married filing separately.

•   Less than $55,801 for head of household.

•   Less than $83,351 for married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er).

The qualified dividend tax rate rises to 15% for the next tax brackets:

•   $41,676 to $459,750 for single filers.

•   $41,676 to $258,600 for married filing separately.

•   $55,801 to $488,500 for head of household.

•   $83,351 to $517,200 for married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er).

Once your household income exceeds the 15% bracket, you’ll pay a 20% tax rate on any qualified dividends. There may also be a 3.8% net investment income tax. Consult your accountant or financial advisor regarding your situation.

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Dividend Tax Rate 2021

The thresholds can change by year. For example, the dividend tax rate for 2021 was as follows:

•   0% dividend tax rate:

◦   Single filers, up to $40,400

◦   Married filing jointly, up to $80,800

•   15% dividend tax rate:

◦   Single filers, $40,401–$445,850

◦   Married filing jointly, $80,801–$501,600

•   20% dividend tax rate:

◦   Single filers, $445,851+

◦   Married filing jointly, $501,601+

Dividend Tax Rate 2023

Looking ahead, we’ve got some insights into the 2023 tax year. A married couple filing jointly won’t pay taxes on qualified dividends until their income is above $89,250. Above that amount, the tax rate will be 15%. The tax raise will go up to 20 percent when a couple earns more than $553,850.

Individual filers won’t pay 15% until their income is greater than $44,625. They’ll pay 20% when income exceeds $492,301.

Why Are the Two Types of Dividends Taxed Differently?

Qualified dividends are more favorably taxed as an incentive to investors to hold onto stocks for a longer period of time. This is based on the concept of capital gains.

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Additional Qualified Dividend Requirements

Besides the holding period described above, the dividend must have been paid by a corporation in the U.S. or a qualifying foreign one. Plus, the payment can’t be a dividend in name only. For example, payments given by tax-exempt agencies don’t qualify.

If a payment doesn’t satisfy all three requirements, then it can’t be a qualified dividend. It may be an ordinary dividend or another type of income.

The Takeaway

There are two broad types of dividends: ordinary and qualified. Qualified dividends are taxed at a lower rate than ordinary dividends. For a dividend to be qualified, an investor must hold the stock for at least 61 days during a particular time frame. A 1099-DIV will break out dividends into qualified and ordinary for the taxpayer’s information. There are three tax rates for qualified dividends. The lowest tax brackets pay nothing. The next brackets pay 15%, and the highest brackets pay 20%. Ordinary dividends are taxed as regular income.

To seamlessly track your finances, consider our spending app, SoFi. You can set up a budget, pay bills, categorize your spending, and more. All for free.

SoFi’s money tracker app makes it easy to know where you stand, what you spend, and how to hit your financial goals — all in one mobile app.

FAQ

What is the tax rate on dividends in 2022?

The ordinary dividend tax rate is based on your tax bracket. With a qualified dividend tax rate, it depends on your filing status and your income. The lowest tax brackets pay nothing, the middle brackets pay 15%, and the highest brackets pay 20%.

How do I calculate my qualified dividends?

Investors receive form 1099-DIV from their financial institution, which provides the amount of ordinary and qualified dividend income received during the year. The IRS also provides a worksheet.

Why are my qualified dividends being taxed?

Dividends are a type of income, and investors who receive them typically pay taxes on them. It’s true that individuals who make less than $41,676 pay no tax on qualified dividends. However, taxpayers in higher brackets must pay 15% or 20%.

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*Terms and conditions apply. (Must click on the link to be eligible.) This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the Rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed into SoFi accounts such as cash in SoFi Checking and Savings, SoFi credit cards or loan balances, and fractional shares subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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