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When people are starting a business, it’s likely that they’ll consider the tax benefits of different company structures. In some cases, founders may create a limited liability company (LLC) specifically for its tax benefits.

Here, we’ll delve into the tax benefits of LLCs for business owners, as well as other pros and cons.

What Is an LLC?

An LLC is a type of business structure available in the United States. A kind of hybrid, it combines some characteristics of corporations with others from a partnership or sole proprietorship.

According to the IRS, LLC owners are called “members.” Depending on the state in which you set up the LLC, members may be individual people, other LLCs, or corporations. There is no maximum number of members that a company can have, and most states allow LLCs with just one member. Check your state for specifics.

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Tax Benefits of Forming an LLC

As mentioned above, company founders may choose an LLC structure especially for its tax benefits. Here, we go into detail about what those benefits are.

Limited Liability

An LLC, as its full name implies, provides limited liability to its members. This means that, if the company fails, the owners’ and investors’ private assets are not at risk and can’t be seized to repay company debts.

Flexible Membership

As noted previously, an LLC can have one member or many, and those members can be individuals or companies. This business structure gives owners significant freedom when starting their company.

Management Structure Options

LLCs can be managed by a member (owner) or by a hired manager. A member-managed LLC may be chosen if the company has limited resources or few members. An owner may select a member with management experience to oversee the business, or they may want all members to actively participate in the company’s operations.

A hired manager is someone who is not a member but has the appropriate experience and skill sets to run the LLC. An accountant or financial advisor can go into detail about the tax benefits of member-manager vs. hired manager approaches. (Here’s what to know if you’re filing taxes for the first time.)

Pass-Through Taxation

LLC member-owners have some control over how their business will be taxed. If there is only one member, it will automatically be treated like a sole proprietorship, and if there is more than one, like a partnership. In those cases, business income will pass through the business to the member-owners, and they’ll only get taxed once. Members will report income and losses on their personal tax returns, while the LLC itself is not taxed. (Learn how business income differs from other types of income.)

Because income and losses are reported as part of members’ personal financial pictures at tax time, taxes will be owed at each member’s personal tax rate.

Alternatively, the LLC owners may decide to be taxed as a corporation. If they choose an S-Corp structure, pass-through taxation still applies.

Recommended: How Long Does It Take Taxes to Come Back?

Heightened Credibility

When someone opens an LLC, it shows that they’ve gone beyond just hanging a shingle. Instead, they went through the decision making and paper filing processes involved in setting up the LLC.

Limited Compliance Requirements

According to the U.S. Small Business Association (SBA), another form of business structure — the corporation — has the strictest requirements. In contrast, LLCs have some but fewer.

In general, an LLC should maintain a current operating agreement, hold annual meetings, ensure that they have appropriate shares recorded for each member, and keep records if membership interests transfer. (Find out if you can use a personal checking account for your business.)

Disadvantages of Creating an LLC

So far, the LLC sounds like the ideal low-maintenance company structure. However, there are several caveats to be aware of.

Cost

Forming an LLC can cost a few hundred dollars, which may be more than what a small business wants to spend. The company will also need to file annual reports along with annual fees and taxes. These taxes and fees may cost a miniscule amount or several hundred dollars annually.

No Stock Ownership

When a corporation wants to raise funds, they sometimes issue shares of stock. An LLC cannot issue stock.

Recommended: How to Start Investing in Stocks

Transferable Ownership

Some states may require that an LLC be dissolved if there is a change in ownership. If the people starting the business expect to take in outside investors over the years, a corporation might be a better choice.

How to Form an LLC

Once you’ve decided to start an LLC, you’ll want to choose and reserve a company name that doesn’t conflict with currently existing ones. Typically, an LLC must have what’s called a registered agent: someone who will handle official documents for the company.

Then, you’ll need to document the nuts and bolts of the operating agreement that describes the structure of the company. This can include who owns what portion of the company and who gets to vote on which issues. You’ll detail how profits and losses will be addressed, how the company will be managed, when meetings will be held, and how to handle the business if a member leaves the company or dies. This document should also describe what should happen if the company goes out of business.

Recommended: 2024 IRS Tax Refund Dates

How LLCs Are Different From Other Business Entities

An LLC is formed to be a legal entity that’s separate from its owners and is responsible for its business debts. Here’s how an LLC differs from other company structures.

LLC vs Sole Proprietorship

Profits in an LLC are only taxed once because of the pass-through taxation structure. This is reported on and addressed through owners’ personal tax returns by filing a Form 1040, Schedule C, listing profits or losses. As an LLC owner, you may be taxed as a sole proprietor, a partnership, or a corporation.

A sole proprietorship is owned by one person and is the simplest structure available. A sole proprietorship also involves pass-through taxation with the business owner paying taxes on the business’s profit. There isn’t as much flexibility in filing as a sole proprietor as there is with an LLC.

LLC vs S-Corp

An LLC is a business structure. An S-corp, meanwhile, is a tax classification. Many businesses decide to have their LLC taxed as an S-corp. The nuances can be complicated, so it makes sense to consult your personal accountant or other professional before making this decision.

LLC for Rental Property

If you create an LLC to buy rental homes, you’ll have the benefits of no personal liability and pass-through taxation. There can be a flexible ownership structure, personal anonymity, and fairly simple reporting.

However, it may be harder to finance rental property as an LLC. There can also be significant fees to get the LLC up and running. LLCs for rentals can be more complex at tax time, and property transfers can also be more complicated.

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How to Choose the Right Business Type

Consider how simple or complex your proposed business will become. Do you plan to basically run the business yourself, or will it ideally turn into something bigger? What kind of legal protections will you need based on your business plans?

Entrepreneurs should also weigh the tax benefits of LLCs and sole proprietorships. The two structures, along with partnerships and S-corps, feature pass-through benefits, meaning that profits are taxed only when they’re paid to the company owner(s). A C-corp, meanwhile, is taxed as a company as well as when shareholder payouts are made.

Consult your accountant or financial advisor for specifics on your situation.

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The Takeaway

Limited liability companies (LLCs) come with plenty of advantages and a few disadvantages. As its name implies, the owners’ and investors’ private assets are not at risk if the company should struggle financially. Owners of the LLC are referred to as members. Membership may range from one individual to multiple individuals to other companies.

A major benefit is pass-through taxation, where income passes through the company to its members, who report it on their personal taxes. One disadvantage of LLCs for very small businesses is the startup cost and annual fees, which can run to several hundred dollars a year. Consult a professional to find out whether an LLC is the right fit for your business plan.

No matter what business structure you choose, it’s important to keep track of your finances. SoFi’s spending app provides you with an easy to use online budget planner so you can stay on top of your finances.

Benefit from the insights you’ve always wanted with SoFi.

FAQ

What are the tax benefits of having an LLC?

With an LLC, you’ll have flexibility in deciding the structure under which your company will be taxed. There are more tax benefits of an LLC, including pass-through taxation, which means you’ll only get taxed once at your individual tax rate.

What are the benefits of a limited liability company?

They can include limited liability, meaning that owners aren’t personally responsible for company debts; flexible structures; pass-through taxation; more credibility; and fewer compliance requirements compared to a corporation.

What is the best tax option for an LLC?

Each situation is unique, so consult your accountant or financial advisor for specifics.

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SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.

*Terms and conditions apply. This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed towards active SoFi accounts, such as your SoFi Checking or Savings account, subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.

Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.

This article is not intended to be legal advice. Please consult an attorney for advice.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Saving is an important part of your financial health and building wealth, but it can be confusing to understand all the different vehicles out there. For instance, if you want to stash cash away for a good long while, should you open a Roth IRA or a savings account?

A Roth Individual Retirement Account (IRA) offers a tax-advantaged way to invest money for retirement. Brokerages and banks can offer Roth IRAs for investors who want to set aside money that they don’t anticipate spending for the near future.

Savings accounts can also be used to hold money you plan to spend at a later date. The main difference between a Roth IRA and savings account, however, lies in what they’re intended to be used for.

If you’re debating whether to keep your money in a Roth IRA or savings account, it’s helpful to understand how they work and what sets them apart from one another. Read on to learn:

•   What is a savings account?

•   What are the pros and cons of a savings account for retirement?

•   What is a Roth IRA?

•   What are the pros and cons of a Roth IRA for retirement?

•   What are the similarities and differences between these two account types?

•   How can you tell if a savings account or Roth IRA is right for you?

What Is a Savings Account?

A savings account is a type of deposit account that can be opened at a bank, credit union, or another financial institution. Savings accounts are designed to help you separate money you plan to spend later from money you plan to spend now.

Here’s how a savings account works:

•   You open the account and make an initial deposit.

•   Money in your account can earn interest over time, at a rate set by the bank.

•   When you need to spend the money in your savings account, you can withdraw it.

Previously, savers were limited to making six withdrawals from a savings account per month under Federal Reserve rules. In 2020, the Federal Reserve lifted that restriction, though banks can still impose monthly withdrawal limits on savings accounts. Exceeding the allowed number of withdrawals per month could trigger a fee or could lead to the account being converted to a checking account.

Types of Savings Accounts

Banks can offer more than one kind of savings account. The range of savings accounts available can depend on whether you’re dealing with a traditional bank, an online bank, or a credit union.

Typically, these accounts will be insured up to $250,000 per ownership category by either the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA).

Generally, the types of savings accounts you can open include:

•   Traditional savings. Traditional savings accounts, also called regular, basic, or standard savings accounts, allow you to deposit money and earn interest. Rates for traditional savings may be on the low side, and you might pay a monthly fee for these accounts at brick-and-mortar banks.

•   High-interest savings. The main benefits of high-interest savings accounts include above-average interest rates and low or no monthly fees. For example, online banks can offer high-yield savings accounts with rates that are five to 10 times higher than the national savings rate, with no monthly fee.

•   Money market savings. Money market savings accounts or money market accounts can combine features of savings and checking. For example, you can earn interest on deposits but have access to your money via paper checks or a debit card.

•   Specialty savings. Some types of savings accounts are created with a specific purpose in mind. For example, Christmas Club accounts are designed to help you save money for the holidays. A Health Savings Account (HSA) is a tax-advantaged specialty savings account that’s meant to be used just for health care expenses, though some people use an HSA for retirement.

You could also add certificate of deposit accounts (CDs) to this list, though a CD works differently than a savings account. CDs are time deposits, meaning that when you put money in the account, you agree to leave it there for a set term. If you take the funds out before then, you will likely be charged a fee.

Once the CD matures, you can withdraw your initial deposit and the interest earned. For that reason, CDs offer less flexibility than other types of savings accounts.

Quick Money Tip: If you’re saving for a short-term goal — whether it’s a vacation, a wedding, or the down payment on a house — consider opening a high-yield savings account. The higher APY that you’ll earn will help your money grow faster, but the funds stay liquid, so they are easy to access when you reach your goal.

Pros and Cons of Using a Savings Account for Retirement Savings

Savings accounts can be used to save for a variety of financial goals, including retirement. You might be wondering whether it makes a difference if you use, say, a high yield savings account vs. Roth IRA or other retirement account to save, as long as you’re setting money aside consistently.

While savings accounts can offer convenience and earn interest, they’re not necessarily ideal when saving for retirement if your primary goal. Here are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using a savings account to plan for retirement.

Pros	Cons
Savings accounts are easy to open and typically don’t require a large initial deposit.	A savings account does not offer any tax benefits or incentives for use as a retirement account.
Banks and credit unions can pay interest on savings account deposits, allowing you to grow your money over time.	Interest rates for savings accounts can be low, especially if you’re saving at a traditional bank vs. an online bank.
You can withdraw money as needed and don’t have to reach a specific age in order to use your savings.	Banks can impose fees or even convert your savings account to checking if you’re making frequent withdrawals.
Savings accounts are safe and secure; deposits are protected up to $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership type, per financial institution when held at an FDIC member bank.	If you’re putting all of your retirement funds into the same savings account, it’s possible that your balance might exceed the FDIC covered limit.

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What Is a Roth IRA?

Before diving into what is a Roth IRA, know this: There are different retirement plans to choose from, including workplace plans and IRAs. A Roth IRA is an individual retirement account that is not a traditional IRA. Traditional IRAs are funded with pre-tax dollars and allow for tax-deductible contributions when doing taxes. Once you turn 72, you’re required to begin taking money from this kind of account.

If you don’t know how the Roth IRA works, these accounts allow you to set aside money using after-tax dollars, up to the annual contribution limit. That means you can’t deduct contributions to a Roth IRA, but you can get something better: tax-free qualified distributions.

You can leave money in your Roth IRA until you need, which allows it even more time to grow. Unlike traditional IRAs, there are no required minimum distributions for Roth IRAs. If you don’t use all of the money in your Roth IRA in retirement, you can pass it on to anyone you’d like to name as your beneficiary.

The IRS allows you to make a full contribution to a Roth IRA if you’re within certain income thresholds, based on your tax filing status. The full contribution limit for 2022 is $6,000, with an additional $1,000 catch-up contribution allowed if you’re age 50 or older. You can make a full contribution for 2022 if your tax status is:

•   Married filing jointly or a qualified widow(er) with a modified adjusted gross income of less than $204,000

•   Single, head of household, or married filing separately and did not live with your spouse during the year with a modified adjusted gross income of less than $129,000

Contributions are reduced once you exceed these income thresholds. They eventually phase out completely for higher earners.

To open a retirement account like a Roth IRA can be a simple, straightforward process. It can even be done online.

Pros and Cons of Using a Roth IRA for Retirement Savings

Roth IRAs are specifically designed to be used for retirement saving. Again, that’s the chief difference between a Roth IRA and savings account. That doesn’t mean, however, that a Roth IRA is necessarily right for everyone. For example, you may need to weigh whether a Roth IRA or traditional IRA is better, based on your income and tax situation.

Here are some of the advantages and disadvantages associated with choosing a Roth IRA for retirement savings.

Pros	Cons
Money in a Roth IRA can be invested in stocks, mutual funds, and other securities, potentially allowing your money to grow faster.	Investing money in the market is riskier than stashing it in a savings account; there’s no guarantee that you won’t lose money in a Roth IRA.
You may be able to open a Roth IRA with as little as $500 or $1,000, depending on the brokerage or bank you choose.	Brokerages can charge various fees for Roth IRAs. Individual investments may also carry fees of their own.
Qualified distributions from a Roth IRA are always 100% tax-free, and you can withdraw original contributions at any time, without a penalty.	Tax penalties may apply if you withdraw earnings from your Roth IRA less than five years after you opened it.
You can save money in a Roth IRA in addition to contributing money to a 401(k) plan at work.	Not everyone is eligible to open a Roth IRA, and there are annual contribution limits.

Similarities Between a Roth IRA and a Savings Account

Roth IRAs and savings accounts do have some things in common. For example:

•   Both can be used to save money for the long-term and both can earn interest. So you could use either one as part of a retirement savings strategy.

•   You can open a Roth IRA or savings account at a bank and initial deposits for either one may be relatively low. Some banks also offer Roth IRA CDs, which are CD accounts that follow Roth IRA tax rules.

•   Savings accounts and Roth IRAs held at banks are also FDIC-insured. The FDIC insures certain types of retirement accounts, including Roth IRAs, when those accounts are self-directed and the investment decisions are made by the account owner, not a plan administrator.

•   It’s possible to open a savings account for yourself or for a child. Somewhat similarly, you can also open a Roth IRA for a child if they have income of their own but haven’t turned 18 yet.

When comparing the benefits of Roth IRA vs. savings account, however, Roth accounts have an edge for retirement planning. Whether it makes sense to choose something like a high yield savings accounts vs. Roth IRA can depend on what you want to set money aside for.

Roth IRA vs Savings Account: Key Differences

Comparing a savings account vs. Roth IRA isn’t that difficult once you understand how each one works and what they’re intended to be used for. Here are some important differences between a Roth IRA and a savings account:

	Roth IRA	Savings Account
Purpose	A Roth IRA is designed to save for retirement.	Savings accounts can fund virtually any short- or long-term goal.
Who Can Open	Taxpayers who are within certain income thresholds can open a Roth IRA.	Adults with valid proof of ID can open a savings account, regardless of income or tax status.
Interest	Money in a Roth IRA earns compounding interest based on the value of underlying investments.	Savings accounts earn interest at a rate set by the bank.
Tax Benefits	Roth IRAs allow for 100% tax-free qualified distributions, with no required minimum distributions.	Savings accounts don’t offer any tax benefits; interest earned is considered taxable income.
Contribution Limits	Roth IRAs have an annual contribution limit. For 2022, the limit is $6,000 or $7,000 if you’re 50 or older.)	There are no contribution limits, though FDIC protection only applies to the first $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership type, per financial institution.
Withdrawals	Generally, withdrawals of earnings are not allowed before age 59 ½ unless an exception applies. Original contributions can be withdrawn at any time without a tax penalty.	Banks can limit the number of withdrawals you’re allowed to make from a savings account each month and impose a fee for exceeding that limit.
Risk	Investing money in a Roth IRA can be risky; you may lose money.	Savings are safe, secure places to keep up to the FDIC-insured $250,000 limit detailed above.

How to Decide If a Roth IRA or Savings Account Is Right for You

If you’re unsure whether to open a Roth IRA vs. high-yield savings account, it’s helpful to consider your goals and what you want to do with your money.

You might decide to open a Roth IRA if you:

•   Specifically want to save for retirement and earn a higher rate of return

•   Would like to be able to withdraw money tax-free to buy a home or pay higher education expenses (the IRS allows you to avoid a tax penalty for these distributions)

•   Want to supplement the money you’re contributing to a 401(k) at work

•   Expect to be in a higher tax bracket at retirement and want to be able to withdraw savings tax-free

•   Don’t want to be required to make minimum distributions at age 72

On the other hand, you might open a savings account if you:

•   Have a short- or long-term goal you’re saving for

•   Want a safe, secure place to keep your money

•   Are satisfied with earning a lower rate of return on savings

•   Need to be able to keep some of your money liquid and accessible

•   Aren’t concerned with getting any type of tax break for your savings

The good news is that you don’t have to choose between a high-interest savings account vs. Roth IRA. You can open one of each type of account to save for both retirement and other financial goals.

The Takeaway

Opening a retirement account can be a smart move if you’d like to save money for your later years while enjoying some tax breaks. A Roth IRA could be a good fit if you’re eligible to open one and you’d like to be able to make tax-free withdrawals once you retire.

Having a savings account is also a good idea if you’re building an emergency fund, saving for a vacation, or planning for another big money goal. When you open a SoFi online bank account with direct deposit, you can get checking and savings in one convenient place. You’ll earn a competitive APY and pay no account fees, which can help your money grow faster. You’ll also have access to a suite of simple tools that can make budgeting and socking away savings even easier.

Want your money to work harder for you? Bank smarter with SoFi.

FAQ

Is it better to put money in savings or a Roth IRA?

A savings account can be better for setting aside cash you know you’ll eventually need to spend. A Roth IRA, on the other hand, can be better for saving for retirement if you’d like to invest your money to earn higher returns and gain some tax benefits.

Should I use a Roth IRA as a savings account?

While you could use a Roth IRA as a savings account, that could be problematic if you need to make a withdrawal. Generally, the IRS expects you to wait until age 59 ½ to withdraw money from a Roth IRA. Withdrawing money before then could trigger tax penalties.

What is the downside of a Roth IRA?

The main downside of a Roth IRA is that not everyone can open and contribute to one. If your income is above the thresholds allowed by the IRS, you’d only be able to open a traditional IRA instead. It’s possible, however, to convert traditional IRA funds to a Roth IRA, though that can result in a tax bill at the time of the conversion.

Can I move money from savings to a Roth IRA?

You can link a savings account to a Roth IRA to transfer funds. If you’d like to move money from savings to your Roth account, you’d just log into your brokerage account and schedule the transfer. Keep in mind that Roth IRAs do have annual limits on how much you can contribute.

Are Roth IRAs Insured?

The FDIC insures Roth IRAs held at banks when those accounts are self-directed vs. a plan administrator being responsible for making investment decisions. The same FDIC insurance limits that apply to savings accounts apply to Roth IRAs.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

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Green banking is a branch of the financial industry that focuses on promoting environmentally-friendly practices. Similar to sustainable investing, green banks emphasize the importance of reducing negative environmental impacts as they go about their business.

The latest data indicates that global warming is likely increasing, and, in response, so is the market for renewable energy sources and other green solutions. The emergence of green banking may also reflect this rising interest in being more eco-conscious.

This is a relatively new concept, and you may have questions about what it really means. In this guide, you’ll learn answers to:

•  What is green banking?

•  How does green banking work?

•  What are examples of green banks?

What Are Green Banks?

There is no standard way to define what is a green bank. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), green banks are financial institutions that may leverage public funding to attract private capital for clean energy projects. These can include energy efficiency, renewable energy, and other distributed energy resources), as well as other “green” investments.

In simpler terms, green banks are mission-driven. They work to further environmentally-sound goals alongside financial goals. Those objectives can include:

•  Financing projects that will create green jobs

•  Expanding solar power

•  Lowering energy costs

•  Reducing greenhouse gas emissions

•  Building green infrastructure

•  Closing funding gaps for green energy retrofitting projects

•  Advancing sustainability.

As of 2022, there were 22 financial institutions in the U.S. operating as green banks, according to the Green Bank Consortium. Collectively, those banks have helped to drive $9 billion in clean energy investment since 2011.

Recommended: Green Investing Guide

How Do Green Banks Work?

Broadly speaking, green banks work by adhering to practices that promote sustainability. Sustainable banking encompasses two different things:

•  Green banking

•  Sustainable finance

So what does that mean? When you’re talking about green banking, you’re referring to implementing practices that are designed to reduce a bank’s environmental footprint.

Sustainable finance, on the other hand, involves the use of financial products to support or encourage environmentally-friendly behavior.

Green banks work by incorporating aspects of sustainability into their operations. That spans everything from the products and services the bank offers to its IT strategy to the way it hires and retains employees. It may encompass socially responsible investing as well.

It’s important to note that it can be easy to confuse banks that are authentically green with financial institutions that engage in greenwashing. Greenwashing happens when companies have the appearance of being environmentally-friendly or sustainable, based on their marketing claims, but in reality are not. It may require a bit of consumer research to make sure you can differentiate what is a green bank and what isn’t.

Recommended: A Guide to Ethical Shopping

Sustainable Banking Examples

The number of green banks in the U.S. is still relatively low, and they don’t exist in every state yet. You may not see them among your local retail banks. However, there are some notable examples of financial institutions that are focused on sustainable banking. These include:

California Infrastructure and Economic Development Bank

The California Infrastructure and Economic Development Bank (known as IBank) offers a variety of paths to sustainable banking. The bank offers infrastructure loans, bonds, small business financing, and climate financing in order to create jobs, bolster the economy, and improve quality of life for Californians. IBank financing accounts for more than $52 billion in infrastructure and economic development within the state.

Connecticut Green Bank

Connecticut Green Bank is the nation’s first green bank, established in 2011. The bank evolved from the Connecticut Green Energy Fund and bases its business model on the use of sustainable financing to maximize the use of public funds. As of 2022, the bank and its partners have helped $2.26 billion in capital to find its way into clean energy projects across the state.

NY Green Bank

NY Green Bank is a state-sponsored financial institution operating in New York that works with the private sector to increase investments into clean energy markets. The bank is specifically interested in projects that are both financially sound and focus on creating energy savings or clean energy that helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Many of the bank’s funding projects revolve around the expansion of solar energy.

Recommended: How Are Local Small Banks Different from Large Banks?

Advantages and Disadvantages of Green Banks

Green banks and sustainable banking aim to play a role in environmental preservation. However, they aren’t the same thing as your standard traditional bank or online bank. While you may never use a green bank directly, it’s important to understand how they can still affect you. Here’s what to know about the advantages and potential downsides associated with sustainable banking.

Banking Advantages	Banking Disadvantages
•   Green banks help to advance the use of clean energy technology. •   Clean energy projects funded by sustainable banking can help to increase job growth and promote economic development. •   Green banking can attract large-scale private investment, which can help to accelerate clean energy projects.	•   Green banks are not widespread, and their reach may be limited. •   Sustainable banking is still a relatively new subset of the banking industry, which can translate to higher credit risk. •   Banks that engage in greenwashing can taint the image of sustainable banking and lead investors to look elsewhere.

Recommended: 19 Ways to Save Money While Living Sustainably

The Future of Green Banking

Predicting the future of sustainable banking is difficult, though signs indicate a growing interest in how green banks might help create a cleaner environment. At the federal level, for instance, the passage of the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act notably included a provision allowing for the establishment of a national green bank.

Globally, sustainable banking is increasingly in the spotlight in emerging markets. There’s growing interest in the positive environmental gains that may be made through green banking. That said, there are still questions about how to encourage sustainable finance in economies that are still developing. This could in turn lead to more global collaboration among banks in furthering sustainable finance worldwide.

One potential result of sustainable banking: There may be greater carryover in the traditional banking sector. For example, there may be a push for banks to offer personal or small-business banking products and services that have a sustainable or green angle. Green loans and mortgages could end up being another byproduct of enhanced attention on sustainable finance.

As the spotlight on green banking grows, you may begin to notice changes at the retail banking level. For example, Citigroup issues an annual report on its ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) program results. And it’s not just traditional banks showing dedication to this topic; online banks are part of the effort, too. In March 2022, SoFi announced the launch of its ESG Committee to help formulate strategies for positive environmental, social, and governance impacts.

Recommended: Online vs. Traditional Banking: What’s Your Best Option?

The Takeaway

Many people are adopting a greener lifestyle and finding ways to reduce their carbon footprint. Where you choose to bank could make a difference in your efforts if you’re keeping your money at a financial institution that advocates sustainability. Green banking is the term used to describe financial institutions that try to both make their business practices more sustainable as well as invest funds towards eco-conscious goals. This segment of the market may well grow in the years ahead.

Switching to an online bank is something you might consider if you’d like to streamline the way you manage your money. Instead of driving to a bank or receiving paper statements in the mail, you could track your finances online without leaving home. When you open a checking and savings account with SoFi, you can get all the banking tools you need to stay on top of your finances. Sign up with direct deposit, and you’ll enjoy the terrific combination of an and no fees, which can help your money grow faster.

Bank smarter with SoFi today and enjoy a hyper competitive interest rate, plus zero fees.

FAQ

What is sustainable banking?

Sustainable banking encourages environmentally-friendly practices, products, and services. A sustainable bank or green bank may be committed to specific environmental goals, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting the advancement of clean energy, or funding green building projects.

How can banks be more sustainable?

Banks can encourage sustainability by reviewing their environmental footprint and addressing areas that could improve. The types of changes banks can implement may be large or small, but the end goal is fostering a cleaner environment. Reducing paper waste, for example, is one simple way to be more sustainable.

Which banks are green banks?

There are a handful of banks operating in the U.S. that are designated as green banks, according to the Green Bank Consortium. Whether a bank is considered “green” or not can depend on the type of certifications they hold. Examples of green banks include IBank, Connecticut Green Bank, and NY Green Bank.

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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.

SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.

SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.

SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.

Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.

Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.

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You may give little thought to the Federal Reserve, but the Fed looms large over your life as you borrow, save, spend, and invest.

The Fed’s mission is to control inflation and maintain maximum employment. The goals can be at odds with each other.

Let’s look at the Federal Reserve’s origin story and what the central banking system is currently up to.

How It All Began

A secret meeting in 1910 on an island off Georgia laid the foundation for the Federal Reserve. After a series of financial panics and recessions in the Gilded Age, six men gathered at the Jekyll Island Club to write a plan to reform the nation’s banking system.

At that time, U.S. banks held large reserves of cash, but they were scattered. During a crisis, the reserves would be frozen. In addition, the supply of currency was inelastic and supplies of gold limited. And U.S. banks could not operate overseas.

The Panic of 1907 — a worldwide financial crisis surpassed only by the Great Depression — galvanized Congress, and particularly Senate Finance Committee Chairman Nelson Aldrich. In the fall of 1910, Aldrich and his Jekyll Island colleagues developed a plan for a central bank with 15 branches. The national body would set discount rates for the system and buy and sell securities.

Political wrangling ensued, but Congress passed, and President Woodrow Wilson signed, the Federal Reserve Act in 1913. The bill resembled the Aldrich plan.

The law called for a central banking system with a governing board and multiple reserve banks. The hybrid structure endures.

A golden factoid: Banking panics before 1913 tested the mettle of Manhattan banks, but what is now the most influential of the 12 reserve banks, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, is home to the world’s largest gold storage reserve, with about 500,000 gold bars owned by the U.S. government, foreign governments, other central banks, and international organizations.

Before the Federal Reserve

Before the Fed was born, financial panics caused by speculation and rumors led to the call for a central banking authority that would support a healthier banking system.

World War I, 1914 to 1918

The Federal Reserve Board and the 12 reserve banks were just getting organized as war broke out in Europe. But once the nation entered World War I, the Fed quickly became a major player by supporting the U.S. Treasury’s war bond effort and offering lower interest rates to member banks when the proceeds were used to buy bonds.

The Fed also gave better interest rates to banks purchasing Treasury certificates. Lower rates led to increased borrowing by businesses and households, which stimulated economic growth. But the increased money supply eventually led to rising prices. When the war ended, the Fed took action to control that inflation.

Stock Market Crash of 1929

On Oct. 28, 1929, now known as “Black Monday,” the Roaring Twenties ended with a thud when the Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped nearly 13%. The market collapsed the next day. It was the most devastating stock market crash in U.S. history.

Many economists and historians blame the Fed for the crash because of its decision to raise interest rates in 1928 and 1929 to control over speculation (what today might be called “irrational exuberance”) in the stock market.

Leaders decreased the money supply starting in 1928 and pressured member banks in 1929 to rein in their loans to brokers and charge a higher rate on broker loans.

The Great Depression, 1929 to 1941

The deepest downturn in U.S. history lasted from 1929 to 1941. The contraction began in the United States and reverberated around the globe.

The banking panics in 1930 and early 1931 were regional, but in late 1931 the commercial banking crisis spread throughout the nation. The Fed’s efforts to contain the collapse were not enough, and the situation reached rock bottom by March 1933.

On March 6, 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt — who’d been inaugurated just two days before — announced a weeklong suspension of all banking transactions. Legislative intervention soon followed.

In 1933 the Glass-Steagall Act separated commercial and investment banking and gave the federal government and Federal Reserve enhanced powers to deal with the economic crisis, which led to the creation of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. and regulation of deposit interest rates. (At an FDIC-insured bank today, deposits are insured up to $250,000 per depositor, per institution, and per ownership category.)

The Banking Act of 1935 gave the Fed more independence from the executive branch; shifted power from the regional reserve banks to the Board of Governors, based in Washington, D.C.; and led to the modern form of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), the Fed’s main monetary policymaking committee, which consists of the Fed governors in Washington and the presidents of the 12 regional banks.

World War II, 1941 to 1945

The Fed’s role during World War II was similar to its role in World War I. Its main mission became financing the war, and it helped the Treasury Department market war bonds in cooperation with commercial banks and businesses.

The reserve banks also reduced their discount rate to 1% and set a rate of half a percentage point for loans secured by short-term government obligations. During the war years, the Fed kept its eye on inflation by regulating consumer credit. It required large down payments and shorter terms on loans used to buy a variety of consumer goods.

Korean War, 1950 to 1953

At the start of the Korean War, inflation was a growing concern. But the Fed was once again under pressure — this time from the Truman administration — to help finance the war effort.

In February 1951, the Fed declared its independence in fiscal matters, and in March, the Treasury and the Fed announced that they had reached an accord on how they would handle “debt management and monetary policies” going forward.

The Great Inflation, 1970s and ’80s

Keeping inflation under control has always been an important role for the Fed, but in the 1970s, when the stock market slumped and the country found itself in an inflation crisis so deep it was known as the “Great Inflation,” it became a special challenge.

Check the history books and you’ll find plenty of finger-pointing. It was President Richard Nixon’s fault for disengaging from the gold standard. Or maybe it was the Fed’s fault for employing a confusing stop-go monetary policy that had interest rates going up, then down, then back up.

Then new Fed chairman, Paul Volcker, took over in 1979 and switched the Fed’s goal from targeting interest rates to targeting the money supply. It was painful. The prime lending rate (the rate banks offer their most creditworthy customers when they’re looking to take out a line of credit or a loan) skyrocketed to over 21% at one point.

Unemployment reached double digits in some months. The country went through two recessions. But eventually, prices stabilized.

And the federal funds rate hasn’t been in the double digits since the mid-1980s.

The Great Recession, 2007 to 2009

When a period in U.S. history is labeled “great,” it’s often anything but. During the Great Recession, home prices fell. Unemployment rose. Gross domestic product fell. And in 2008, the market crashed.

Home prices had peaked at the beginning of 2007, and the subprime mortgage market had been busy.

This recession was, for many Americans, the worst of times; they lost their jobs, their homes, and their confidence in the economy.

Enter the Fed, which started by tackling the slump with a traditional response: From September 2007 to December 2008, the Fed lowered the federal funds rate from 5.25% to zero to 0.25%, and FOMC policy statements noted that it would be keeping the rate at exceptionally low levels for a while. But it didn’t stop there.

In 2008 it also began its first round of quantitative easing, buying $600 million in mortgage-backed securities, and continued that effort in 2009. Also in 2008, President George W. Bush signed the $700 million Troubled Asset Relief Program into law. Two more rounds of quantitative easing started in 2010 and 2012 under President Barack Obama.

Recommended: Common Recession Fears and How to Cope

The Covid Crisis, the Fed, and Inflation

At the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic and resulting recession in 2020, making sure the U.S. economy did not fall into a prolonged recession became a higher priority than maintaining inflation at the Federal Reserve’s 2% target rate.

The Fed seeks to control inflation by influencing interest rates. When inflation is too high, the Fed typically raises its benchmark interest rate to slow the economy and tame inflation. When inflation is low, the Fed often lowers the federal funds rate — the interest rate that banks lend money to one another overnight — to stimulate the economy.

After keeping the rate near zero, in March 2022, the Fed approved its first rate increase in more than three years. The FOMC increased the benchmark rate from 0.25% to 4.5% during seven meetings from March to December 2022, the fastest tightening campaign since the 1980s.

They weren’t done. Fed officials predicted that they would need to raise rates more in 2023 to bring down inflation.

Banks base their prime rate on the federal funds rate; the prime rate is generally 3 percentage points higher.

And rising inflation affects mortgage rates because Fed rate hikes increase the cost of borrowing money for a house. Or a car, or for carrying a credit card balance. Rate increases also create a more volatile stock market that could hurt 401(k) plans, increase the amount you earn on a CD, or affect what you might pay for a bond.

So how to protect your money from inflation? With planning, you may be able to reduce its impact on your day-to-day and long-term finances.

It might be hard to believe, but being a homeowner vs. a renter may help protect you from inflation. If you buy a house, you’re likely to have a fixed monthly payment long term. And the value of your home may increase along with inflation.

Owning a home not only gives you a place where you enjoy living, but homeownership can help build generational wealth in your family thanks to appreciation over time.

OK, but how to invest during a time of inflation? It might mean adjusting your investment portfolio allocations to adjust for rising prices and an uncertain economy.

Recommended: What to Learn From Historical Mortgage Rate Fluctuations

The Takeaway

If you’re planning a vacation, you might not want to tuck away a book on the history of the Federal Reserve. (Or maybe you will. No judgment.) The Fed has a dual mandate to aim for maximum employment and price stability, and it believes that raising interest rates is the antidote for rising inflation.

If you find yourself musing about buying a home soon, it’s important to look at the history of mortgage rates to put the current conditions into context, and it helps to read up on the benefits of homeownership.

SoFi offers a variety of mortgages at competitive rates. Qualifying first-time homebuyers can put as little as 3% down.

Unlock the door to a new home with a SoFi Mortgage.

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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A Form 1098 is a tax document that reports amounts that may affect a tax filer’s adjustments to income or deductions from their income on their annual tax return. There are several variations of the form — some are used to report amounts paid and some are used to report charitable contributions made. Any of the forms a person may receive are important documents to refer to when completing annual income tax returns.

Reasons for Getting a Form 1098

There are several variations of Form 1098. The standard form, Mortgage Interest Statement, is probably the one most people are familiar with. It reflects mortgage interest a borrower paid in a calendar year. If a borrower paid $600 or more in interest on a mortgage debt in a calendar year, they should receive a Form 1098 to use when completing their annual tax return. The form includes the amount of mortgage interest paid and any refund of overpaid interest, the outstanding mortgage balance, mortgage insurance premiums paid, and other amounts related to the mortgage loan.

1098-T vs 1098-E

For those who have paid tuition to a college or university or who have paid interest on student loan debt, the Forms 1098-T and 1098-E may be familiar.

•   Form 1098-T, Tuition Statement, includes amounts of payments received by the school for qualified tuition and related expenses. It also includes amounts of scholarships and grants a student may have received, adjustments to those scholarships and grants, and other information.

•   Form 1098-E is a Student Loan Interest Statement. Lenders who receive interest payments of $600 or more from a student loan borrower in a calendar year must provide this form to the borrower. The form includes the amount of student loan interest paid by the borrower, the account number assigned by the lender, and other information.

Other Variations of Form 1098

•   Form 1098-C is connected with a very specific form of charitable giving. It shows any donation a tax filer made to a qualifying charity or non-profit of a car, truck, van, bus, boat, or airplane worth more than $500 and that meets other requirements.

•   Form 1098-F shows any court-ordered fines, penalties, restitution or remediation a person has paid.

•   Form 1098-MA reflects mortgage assistance payments made by a State Housing Finance Agency (HFA) and mortgage payments made by the mortgage borrower, the homeowner.

•   Form 1098-Q is connected with a specific form of retirement-savings vehicle, called a Qualifying Longevity Annuity Contract. This form is a statement showing the money the annuity holder received from such a contract over the course of a calendar year.

Using Form 1098 at Tax Time

For homeowners who are still paying mortgage payments, Form 1098-Mortgage Interest Statement, is an important part of completing a tax return. A tax filer’s deductions depend on a number of specific factors, but there are some general rules to keep in mind when looking at Form 1098.

•   The debt must be secured by real property.

•   The real property that secures the debt must be a main or second home.

•   Mortgages taken out after Dec. 31, 2017, must total $750,000 or less. Those taken out before that date must total $1 million or less.

•   Separate forms will be provided for each qualifying mortgage.

•   It is necessary to itemize deductions on a tax return to claim the mortgage interest deduction.

The potential deduction of interest paid on student loans, shown on Form 1098-E, follows different rules. Notably, this deduction is an adjustment to a tax filer’s income, so it’s not necessary to itemize deductions.

•   The student loan interest deduction is limited to $2,500 or the amount actually paid, whichever is less.

•   The deduction is gradually phased out at certain income levels. For tax year 2021, tax filers with a modified adjusted gross income of $85,000 or more ($170,000 or more if filing a joint return) cannot claim the deduction at all.

Form 1098-T provides information that will be useful for tax filers who qualify for education credits provided by the American Opportunity Credit or the Lifetime Learning Credit.

•   The American Opportunity Credit may be claimed by certain tax filers who paid qualified higher education expenses. To claim the credit, certain qualifications must be met, including income level, dependency status, the type of program the student is enrolled in, the enrollment status of the student, among others. The maximum credit is $2,500 per eligible student and may be claimed for only four tax years per eligible student.

•   The Lifetime Learning Credit may also be claimed by certain tax filers who paid qualified education expenses, but has some differences from the American Opportunity Credit. The annual limit is $2,000 per tax return (not per student). It’s not limited to college-related expenses — courses to acquire or improve job skills are also eligible. There is no limit on the number of years this credit can be claimed, and there is no minimum number of hours a student must be enrolled.

Both the American Opportunity Credit and the Lifetime Learning Credit have income phase-out levels. Like the student loan interest deduction provided by Form 1098-E, both of these credits are adjustments to income and don’t require a tax filer to itemize deductions.

The Takeaway

Any of the variations of Form 1098 contain important information for filing your 2022 taxes. They all include financial information that has the potential to affect the amount of money a tax filer may be able to deduct. For specific information about a tax situation, it’s recommended to talk to a tax professional. The information in this article is only intended to be an overview, not tax advice.

3 Money Tips

1. Direct deposit is the fastest way to get an IRS tax refund. More than 9 out of 10 refunds are issued in less than 21 days using this free service, plus you can track the payment and even split the funds into different bank accounts.
2. If you’re faced with debt and wondering which kind to pay off first, it can be smart to prioritize high-interest debt first. For many people, this means their credit card debt; rates have recently been climbing into the double-digit range, so try to eliminate that ASAP.
3. When you overdraft your checking account, you’ll likely pay a non-sufficient fund fee of, say, $35. Look into linking a savings account to your checking account as a backup to avoid that, or shop around for a bank that doesn’t charge you for overdrafting.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall. Enjoy up to 4.60% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

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SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

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