What Is a Series E Savings Bond?

What Is a Series E Savings Bond?

Series EE bonds, or Patriot Bonds, were initiated in 1980 as a low-risk way for Americans to save. The money invested is guaranteed to double in 20 years.

They build upon the tradition of Series E bonds, or war bonds, which were introduced by the federal government in 1941. Learn more about this savings vehicle here.

Key Points

•   Series EE bonds, introduced in 1980, are low-risk U.S. Treasury bonds guaranteed to double in value within 20 years, making them a safe investment option.

•   These bonds can only be purchased electronically through a TreasuryDirect account, with a minimum purchase of $25 and a maximum of $10,000 per person annually.

•   Interest on Series EE bonds compounds semi-annually and is taxable at the federal level, although tax exemptions may apply for qualified education expenses.

•   Holding Series EE bonds for 20 years will yield a guaranteed return, but they can also be held for an additional 10 years to continue earning interest.

•   Alternative investment options, such as high-yield savings accounts and stocks, may offer better returns but come with varying levels of risk compared to Series EE bonds.

What Is a Series EE Bond?

A series EE bond is a U.S. Treasury bond. It’s considered to be a very safe investment, as it’s backed by the U.S. government. It is guaranteed to double in value in 20 years, even if the government has to add funds to it to meet that mark.

To provide some context, here’s a quick look at what bonds are and how bonds work. A bond is a debt instrument. Bonds are issued by corporations or governments in order to raise capital. The bond market is huge — much larger than the equity markets. (In 2023, the market cap of the global bond market was about $133 trillion, versus $111 trillion for the stock market.) Investors provide capital to companies and governments when they buy the bonds, effectively loaning their money to that institution.

Meanwhile, the bond issuer agrees to pay investors the capital back, along with interest, after a certain period.

There are different kinds of bonds investors can purchase, including municipal, corporate, high-yield bonds, and U.S. Treasuries. A savings bond is a type of U.S. Treasury bond, issued with the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, meaning there’s virtually no chance of losing money. Savings bonds allow the government to borrow money for various purposes while giving investors a reliable and predictable stream of interest income.

Series E bonds, which were created in 1941 to help fund the WWII effort, were replaced in 1980 with Series EE bonds, or Patriot Bonds.

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How Do Series EE Bonds Work?

If you’re interested in buying bonds, here are details on how a Series EE bond works:

•   Series EE bonds are electronic and can only be purchased and managed online with a TreasuryDirect account. They are available in any denomination starting at $25, up to $10,000 per person named on the bond, per calendar year.

•   These bonds are guaranteed to double in value in 20 years, even if the government needs to kick in extra cash. You can hold the bond for up to 10 additional years to continue to earn interest.

•   When you purchase a Series EE bond, the interest rate will be stated. Through October 31, 2025, the interest rate is 2.70%.

•   Interest is earned monthly, compounding semi-annually, for up to 30 years, unless you cash it sooner.

•   Series EE bonds can be cashed in (or redeemed) after 12 months, but early withdrawal can trigger a penalty of partial interest loss.

•   Electronic Series EE bonds can be cashed in via the TreasuryDirect site.

•   Interest earned on Series EE bonds is taxable at the federal level. Federal estate, gift, and excise taxes, as well as state estate or inheritance taxes, may also apply. If the money is used for qualified education expenses, however, you may not be subject to taxes.

•   The TreasuryDirect site also makes 1099-INT statements of interest earnings available annually.

Recommended: Understanding the Yield to Maturity (YTM) Formula

Understanding Series E Bonds

The popularity of Series E bonds may have hinged largely on the patriotic call to purchase them as part of the war effort. Buying bonds served two purposes: It helped the government to raise money for the war and it also helped to keep inflation at bay as shortages threatened to push consumer prices up. Apart from that, there were other qualities that might have made a Series E saving bond attractive.

These bonds were issued at 75% of their face value and returned 2.9% interest, compounded semiannually if held to 10-year maturity. So investors were able to earn a decent rate of return on their investment.

Series E bonds were also affordable, with initial denominations ranging from $25 to $1,000. Larger denominations of $5,000 and $10,000 were added later, along with two smaller memorial denominations of $75 and $200 to commemorate the deaths of President Kennedy and President Roosevelt, respectively.

Series E bonds were redeemable at any time after two months following the date of issue. Bond purchasers could redeem them for the full face value, along with any interest earned.

Interest from Series E bonds was taxable at the federal level but exempt from state and local taxes, adding to their appeal. And because they were issued by the federal government, they were considered a safe investment.

Recommended: Understanding the Yield to Maturity (YTM) Formula

Series EE Bond Maturity Rate

The maturity rate for EE bonds depends on when they were first issued.

Here’s a table showing the maturity dates for Series EE bonds over time:

Issuing Date Maturity Period
January – October 1980 11 years
November 1980 – April 1981 9 years
May 1981 – October 1982 8 years
November 1982 – October 1986 10 years
November 1986 – February 1993 12 years
March 1993 – April 1995 18 years
May 1995 – May 2003 17 years
After June 2003 20 years

Are Series EE Bonds Right for Me?

Series EE bonds can be a convenient, low-risk way to help your money grow over time. Plus, many people like the idea of investing in America and having their investment backed by the U.S. government. However, the rate of return may not be optimal, and the bonds are typically held for quite a long time versus a short-term investment.

Here are two popular alternatives you might consider to grow your money:

Savings Accounts

A savings account is a deposit account that’s designed to hold the money you don’t plan to spend right away. You can find various types of savings accounts at traditional banks, credit unions, and online banks. Savings accounts can pay interest, though not all at the same rate.

High-yield savings accounts at online banks, for example, tend to pay much higher rates than basic savings accounts at brick-and-mortar banks. Currently, they may offer around 3.00% APY (annual percentage yield) versus a national average of 0.41% APY as of December 16, 2024 for savings accounts.

Stocks

If you’re unclear about how stocks work, they effectively represent an ownership share in a company. When you buy shares of stock, you’re buying an ownership stake in a publicly traded company. The way you make money with stock investing is by buying low and selling high. In other words, you want to purchase stocks at one price then sell them for a higher price.

Stock trading can be a more powerful way to build wealth over time versus keeping money in a savings account or buying bonds. But there’s a tradeoff since stocks tend to be much riskier than bonds or savings accounts. Buying shares of mutual funds or exchange-traded funds (ETFs), which hold a collection of different stocks as well as bonds, is one strategy for managing that risk.

Recommended: Bonds vs. CDs: What’s Smart for Your Money?

Banking With SoFi

Series EE savings bonds can be a safe way to earn a steady rate of return. However, they aren’t the only way to grow your money.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy up to 3.80% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.

FAQ

When should I cash in EE savings bonds?

Series EE savings bonds are optimally held for 20 years, at which point the money invested will have doubled. If you’d like to keep earning interest, you may hold the bonds for up to an additional 10 years.

How long does it take for a Series EE savings bond to mature?

Series EE savings bonds mature in 20 years. At the end of that period, the initial investment’s value will have doubled. You may hold them an additional 10 years and continue to earn interest, if you like.

Do Series EE savings bonds double after 20 years? 30 years?

Series EE savings bonds double after 20 years. If you don’t redeem them, you may continue to earn interest on them for another 10 years, for a total of 30 years.


About the author

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake has been a finance writer for nearly a decade, specializing in personal finance, investing, and small business. She is a contributor at Forbes Advisor, SmartAsset, Investopedia, The Balance, MyBankTracker, MoneyRates and CreditCards.com. Read full bio.



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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


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Mortgage Backed Securities, Explained

Mortgage-Backed Securities, Explained

Mortgage-backed securities are bond-like investments made up of a pool of mortgages. When you purchase a mortgage-backed security, you’re buying a small portion of a collection of loans that a government-sponsored entity or a financial institution has packaged together for sale.

Investors may refer to these loans as MBS, which stands for mortgage-backed securities. Investing in mortgage-backed securities allows investors to get exposure to the real estate market without taking direct ownership of properties or making direct loans to borrowers. Mortgage-backed securities offer benefits to other stakeholders as well, namely loan-issuing banks, private lenders, and investment banks who issue them.

Key Points

•   Banks originate loans, sell them to entities that bundle and securitize them, then issue mortgage-backed securities to investors.

•   Main entities in the mortgage-backed securities market include government-sponsored entities and private financial institutions.

•   Types of mortgage-backed securities include pass-through, residential, commercial, and collateralized mortgage obligations, among others.

•   Risks associated with mortgage-backed securities include prepayment, default, housing market fluctuations, and liquidity risk.

•   Increased regulation and scrutiny require mortgages from regulated entities and investment-grade ratings.

What Is a Mortgage-Backed Security?

Mortgage-backed securities are asset-backed investments, in which the underlying assets are mortgages. Government entities and some financial institutions issue mortgage-backed securities by purchasing mortgages from banks, mortgage companies, and other loan originators and combining them into pools, which they sell to investors.

The financial institution then securitizes the pool, by selling shares to investors who then receive a monthly distribution of income and principal payments, similar to bond coupon payments, as the mortgage borrowers pay off their loans.


💡 Quick Tip: Investment fees are assessed in different ways, including trading costs, account management fees, and possibly broker commissions. When you set up an investment account, be sure to get the exact breakdown of your “all-in costs” so you know what you’re paying.

How a Mortgage-Backed Security Works

When dealing with mortgage-backed securities, banks essentially become middlemen between the homebuyer and the investment industry.

The process works as follows:

1.    A bank or mortgage company originates a home loan.

2.    The bank or mortgage company sells that new loan to an investment bank or government-sponsored entity, and uses the sale money to create new loans.

3.    The investment bank or government-sponsored entity combines the newly purchased loan into a bundle of mortgages with similar interest rates.

4.    This investment bank assigns the loan bundle to a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) or Special Investment Vehicle (SIV) which securitizes the bundles of loans. This creates a separation between the mortgage-backed securities and the investment bank’s primary services.

5.    Credit rating agencies review the security and rate its riskiness for investors. The SPV or SIV then issues the mortgage-backed securities on the trading markets.

When the process operates as intended, the bank that creates the loan maintains reasonable credit standards and makes a profit by selling the loan. They also have more liquidity to make additional loans to others. The homeowner pays their mortgage on time and the mortgage-backed securities holders receive their portion of the principal and interest payments.

Recommended: Investing 101 Guide

Who Sells Mortgage-Backed Securities?

While some private financial institutions issue mortgage-backed securities, the majority come from government-sponsored entities. Those include Ginnie Mae, the Government National Mortgage Association; Fannie Mae, the Federal National Mortgage Association; and Freddie Mac, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.

The U.S. government backs and secures Ginnie Mae’s mortgage-backed securities, guaranteeing that investors will receive timely payments. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac do not have the same guaranteed backing, but they can borrow directly from the Treasury when needed.

Types of Mortgage-Backed Securities

There are several different types of mortgage-backed securities.

Pass-Through

A Pass-Through Participation Certificate, or pass-through, is the simplest type of MBS. They are structured as trusts, in which a servicer collects mortgage payments for the underlying loans and distributes them to investors.

Pass-through mortgage-backed securities typically have stated maturities of five, 15, or 30 years, though the term of a pass-through may be lower. With pass-throughs, holders receive a pro-rata share of both principal and interest payments earned on the mortgage pool.

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities (RMBS)

Residential mortgage-backed securities are mortgage-backed securities based on loans for residential homes.

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMBS)

Commercial mortgage-backed securities are mortgage-backed securities based on loans for commercial properties, such as apartment buildings, offices, or retail spaces or industrial properties.

Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs)

These securities are similar to mortgage-backed securities in that CDOs are also asset-backed and may contain mortgages, but they may also include other types of debt, such as business, student, and personal loans.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMO)

CMOs or Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits (REMICs) is a more complex form of mortgage-backed securities. A CMO is a pool of mortgages with similar risk categories known as tranches. Tranches are unique and can have different principal balances, coupon rates, prepayment risks, and maturity rates.

Less-risky tranches tend to have more reliable cash flows and a lower probability of being exposed to default risk and thus are considered a safer investment. Conversely, higher-risk tranches have more uncertain cash flows and a higher risk of default. However, higher-risk tranches are compensated with higher interest rates, which can be attractive to some investors with higher risk tolerance.

Recommended: Exploring Different Types of Investments

What Are the Risks of Investing in Mortgage-Backed Securities?

Like all alternative investments, mortgage-backed securities carry risks that investors must understand. One such risk is prepayment risk, in which mortgage borrowers pay off their mortgages (often because they move or refinances), reducing the yield for the holder of the MBS. Mortgage defaults could further decrease the value of mortgage-backed securities.

Other risks include housing market fluctuations and liquidity risk.

Mortgage-Backed Securities and the 2008 Financial Crisis

Mortgage-backed securities played a large role in the financial crisis and housing market collapse that began in 2008. By 2008, trillions of dollars in wealth evaporated, prominent companies like Lehman Brothers and Bear Stearns went bankrupt, and the global financial markets crashed.

At the time, banks had gotten increasingly lenient in their credit standards making risky loans to borrowers. One reason that they became more lenient was because they were able to sell the loans to be packaged into mortgage-backed securities, meaning that the banks faced fewer financial consequences if borrowers defaulted.

When home values fell and millions of homes went into foreclosure, the value of all those mortgage-backed securities and CDOs plummeted, indicating that they had been riskier assets than their ratings indicated. Many investors lost money; many homeowners foreclosed on their homes.

An important lesson from that time is that mortgage-backed securities have risks associated with the underlying mortgage borrower’s ability to pay their mortgage.


💡 Quick Tip: How to manage potential risk factors in a self directed investment account? Doing your research and employing strategies like dollar-cost averaging and diversification may help mitigate financial risk when trading stocks.

MBS Today

Residential mortgage-backed securities now face far more government scrutiny than they did prior to the financial crisis. MBS mortgages must now come from a regulated and authorized financial institution and receive an investment-grade rating from an accredited rating agency. Issuers must also provide investors with disclosures including sharing information about their risks.

Investors who want exposure to mortgage-backed securities but don’t want to do the research or purchases themselves might consider buying an exchange-traded fund (ETF) that focuses on mortgage-backed securities.

The Takeaway

Mortgage-backed securities are complex investment products, but they have benefits for investors looking for exposure to the real estate debt without making direct loans. While they do have risks, they may have a place as part of a diversified portfolio for some investors.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.

FAQ

What is a mortgage-backed security?

Mortgage-backed securities are asset-backed investments, in which mortgages are the underlying assets. Government entities and some financial institutions issue mortgage-backed securities by purchasing mortgages from banks, mortgage companies, and other loan originators and combining them into pools, which they sell to investors.

Who sells mortgage-backed securities?

Most mortgage-backed securities are issued by government-sponsored entities such as Ginnie Mae, the Government National Mortgage Association; Fannie Mae, the Federal National Mortgage Association; and Freddie Mac, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.

What are common types of mortgage-backed securities?

Common types include pass-throughs, residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and collateralized debt obligations, among others.


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Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA)
Dollar cost averaging is an investment strategy that involves regularly investing a fixed amount of money, regardless of market conditions. This approach can help reduce the impact of market volatility and lower the average cost per share over time. However, it does not guarantee a profit or protect against losses in declining markets. Investors should consider their financial goals, risk tolerance, and market conditions when deciding whether to use dollar cost averaging. Past performance is not indicative of future results. You should consult with a financial advisor to determine if this strategy is appropriate for your individual circumstances.

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Purchasing Power 101: Examining the Value of the US Dollar

Purchasing Power 101: Examining the Value of the US Dollar

Purchasing power is a concept used to express the amount of goods and services a consumer or business can buy with a given unit of currency. In the United States, purchasing power is directly linked to the value of the dollar.

Due to inflation, a dollar today typically won’t go as far as it did last year. And a dollar next year won’t buy the same things that it did this year. This fluctuation in U.S. dollar purchasing power is constant, and typically goes unnoticed, except in times of extreme inflation.

Key Points

•   Purchasing power is the quantity of goods and services that can be bought with a unit of currency.

•   Inflation decreases the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar, influencing consumer and business decisions.

•   The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures inflation, which impacts various economic indicators.

•   Inflation can pose challenges but also indicates economic growth, affecting stock market returns.

•   Investors can diversify their portfolios to help protect against inflation, and consider assets such as value stocks, REITs, and commodities.

How Does Purchasing Power Impact Investors?

Once you understand the purchasing power definition, you can start to understand its context for investing. The purchasing power of a dollar affects investors because it makes an impact on virtually every aspect of the broader economy.

When the dollar buys less, it changes the shopping decisions of consumers, the hiring practices of employers, the strategic decisions of corporations, and the monetary policy of the Federal Reserve.

One way to track inflation and the purchasing power of a dollar is the Consumer Price Index (CPI), a statistic compiled by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), which reports the figure every month. The statistic measures the average prices of a set of goods and services in sectors such as transportation, food, and healthcare. Economists consider it a valuable gauge of the ever-changing cost of living, though it does exclude some important spending categories, including real estate and education.

Investors, executives, and policymakers use CPI as a lens through which to scrutinize other economic indicators, including sales numbers, revenues, earnings, and so on. It also determines the payments made to the millions of people on Social Security, which gets adjusted for the cost of living every year, and retirees drawing a pension from the military or the Federal Civil Services.


💡 Quick Tip: Look for an online brokerage with low trading commissions as well as no account minimum. Higher fees can cut into investment returns over time.

Why Does the Value of the Dollar Change?

A number of factors drive the value of the U.S. dollar, including large-scale factors having to do with economic cycles, government politics, and international relations.

But the dollar has also experienced inflation for most of the last century. Inflation rose after World War I amid increased demand for food and other raw materials, which raised prices of most consumer goods up until the Great Depression, in which the country experienced prolonged deflation.

That’s when President Franklin Roosevelt stepped in with a surprising policy decision: He banned private ownership of gold, and required people to sell their holdings to the government. That allowed the Federal Reserve to increase the money supply and stop deflation in its tracks.

Since 1933, through World War II, the Cold War, and a host of changing monetary and economic policies, the U.S. dollar has seen various rates of inflation. It reached its peak during the late 1970s and early 1980s oil and gas shortages exacerbated existing inflation and led to a gas shortage, and an increase in the price of manufacturing and shipping of nearly every single consumer good.

Inflation rose at a more steady pace through the 1990s, falling to historically low levels in the past decade. One reason for the ongoing inflation is that the Federal Reserve continually increased the money supply via economic stimulus. The logic is simple supply and demand: If there are more dollars, then each one is worth less in terms of purchasing power.

Following the pandemic in 2020, economies around the world also experienced inflation, which peaked in 2022, but has since fallen near more typical levels.

What Purchasing Power Means for Investors

Generally, investors consider inflation a headwind for the markets, as it drives up the costs of materials and labor, boosts the cost of borrowing and tends to reduce consumer spending. That all tends to translate to lower earnings growth, which can depress stock prices.

But after decades of steady inflation, the markets have priced in a certain amount of shrinkage when it comes to the purchasing power of the dollar. Inflation has a great impact when it occurs suddenly and unexpectedly.

But inflation can have benefits for investors as well. During an economic upswing, inflation is a reliable side effect of prosperity, since economic booms produce higher profits, which drives up the markets.

Investors saving for long-term goals, such as retirement, must take declining purchasing power into account when determining how much they’ll need to reach those goals.


💡 Quick Tip: It’s smart to invest in a range of assets so that you’re not overly reliant on any one company or market to do well. For example, by investing in different sectors you can add diversification to your portfolio, which may help mitigate some risk factors over time.

How Does Inflation Influence Stocks?

Inflation impacts different types of stocks differently, and there are several strategies that investors can use to hedge against inflation. During periods of high inflation, growth stocks tend to underperform, simply because so much of their value is tied up in the expectation of future earnings, and inflation diminishes those expectations.

Value stocks, on the other hand, typically boast steadier earnings, and are valued in line with those earnings. As a result, value stocks, as a category, tend to hold up better during periods of high inflation.

Other investments to consider during periods of high inflation include dividend-paying utility stocks and REITs, gold and other commodities. And because periods of high inflation usually bring higher interest rates, it can be a good time to buy bonds, especially government bonds

The Takeaway

The value of the dollar, in terms of what it can buy, changes over time, but inflation isn’t always bad news for investors. Some stocks may perform better than others in an inflationary environment, and higher interest rates may be good news for bond investors and savers.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.

FAQ

What is purchasing power?

The phrase “purchasing power” refers to the quantity of goods or services that a consumer can purchase with a unit of currency.

How does purchasing power affect investors?

Changes in purchasing power, often related to inflation or rising prices, can affect companies’ revenues, earnings, and more, cascading into economic indicators, and eventually, altering the markets. That, in effect, can impact investors.

Is inflation beneficial for investors?

It’s possible that inflation can have benefits for investors. During an economic upswing, inflation is a reliable side effect of prosperity, since economic booms produce higher profits, which drives up the markets, for example.


Photo credit: iStock/pcess609

SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $50 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.026%. See full terms and conditions.

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How to Use Social Media for Investing Tips: The Smart Way

How to Use Social Media for Investing Tips: The Smart Way

Social media has become an important news source for many people, including investors looking for ideas to guide their strategy. That said, social media users must be careful when sifting through the vast quantities of information on the web to make sure they’re relying on legitimate sources.

There are a variety of social media platforms that investors use for information. While there are potential benefits to using social media to invest, there are also plenty of pitfalls.

Key Points

•   Social media may provide timely updates and expert insights, enhancing investment research.

•   Following companies and informed experts can improve research and decision-making.

•   Tech tools on social media platforms help aggregate and analyze data, but caution is needed.

•   Avoiding impulsive decisions and verifying sources is essential for informed investing.

•   Thorough research and a long-term strategy are crucial for aligning with financial goals.

Why Understanding How to Use Social Media For Investing Is Important

In 2013, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) allowed companies to start using social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter (now X) to communicate information to investors. As long as companies tell investors which website to check, they can use social media to announce information like company metrics that may influence stock price. Individuals interested in investing in a particular company may want to follow that company directly to stay abreast of breaking news.

Social media can also be an important place to gather information from analysts and financial bloggers who post their thoughts about stocks and news events or upcoming IPOs. Since these folks are typically reacting to news, following them may be a way to stay on top of popular investment trends.

Recently, social media has entered the investment space in a new way with the rise of meme stocks. Meme stocks are companies that experience increased volume in trades due to hype on social media. Perhaps the original, and most famous, meme stock is GameStop.

Retail investors encouraged each other to buy shares of the company over the subreddit message board r/wallstreetbets to force a short squeeze among hedge fund investors betting against the stock. Together these retail investors drove the share price up nearly 8,000% by late January 2021 to $86.88 a share.

Because investor sentiment, rather than company fundamentals, often fuels meme stock price increases, they can be extremely volatile. While meme stock investing can be exciting, it can also expose investors to large amounts of risk.


💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that opening a brokerage account typically doesn’t come with any setup costs? Often, the only requirement to open a brokerage account — aside from providing personal details — is making an initial deposit.

How to Use Social Media When Investing

Individuals aren’t the only ones using social media to guide their investing decisions. It’s likely that most institutional investors are also using social media as part of their regular workflow. If you want to use social media as a way to inform your investment decisions, there are a few strategies to consider.

1. Follow Companies in Which You Invest (or Want to Invest)

Directly following a company’s social media accounts ensures the information you receive is timely and accurate.

2. Follow Informed Experts

Follow news sources, journalists, and analysts who cover the companies and sectors, such as health care or electric vehicles, in which you’re interested. Consider people who have large followings, a good clue that they provide information that is useful to a broad range of investors.

3. Use Tech Tools

Some brokerages offer social media tools such as social sentiment trackers that aggregate and analyze information that’s posted on social media sites. For example, some firms use software to compile information from Tweets, blog posts, and messages.

Others offer in-house social media platforms that allow investors to communicate with each other to discuss trading ideas. Or they may offer crowd-sourced research and analysis, using a website or app to gather ideas and opinions from the public at large. For example, analysts, investors, and academics might weigh in with their thoughts on earnings estimates.

It’s important for investors to beware that these tools can be inaccurate or misleading. Data gathered from social media may be old, or contain hidden agendas. Read all disclosures offered by social sentiment tools to understand how they collect data and any risks or conflicts of interest.

Recommended: Understanding Market Sentiment

Social Media Investing Mistakes to Avoid

While social media can be a helpful tool for investors, it also has several pitfalls that investors should understand.

1. Impulsive Decisions

Information driven by social media, such as discussion boards or buy/sell indicators based on social sentiment can drive investors toward emotional investing, especially when information appears in real time. Impulsive investments carry additional risks. Trading securities without proper due diligence can lead you to buy stocks as prices are peaking, or sell as prices tumble, locking in losses and missing out on potential rebounds. Avoid allowing social media to feed the tendency to time the market.

2. Failing to Do Your Own Research

Think of information you get from social media as a jumping-off point, something that sparks your interest and leads you to do more research.

For example, if someone posts about how great they think a stock is, take a look at the company’s financials yourself. Look at past and present earnings reports to understand trends. You can find out this and other information on a company’s quarterly report. Look at the annual report as well. It will let you know about any risks the company foresees in its future. In addition, look at what a number of analysts are predicting the company’s earnings will be in the future.

You may also want to consider broader economic indicators or market measures, such as the Fear & Greed Index.

3. Trusting Bots

Bots are programs — not humans — built to engage on social media. It’s not always clear what their agenda is, and they certainly don’t have your best interests in mind. There are several signs that an account could be a bot, including:

• No profile picture

• Strange numbers or characters in the account name

• Posting at irregular hours

• Repetitive, formulaic language

• Repeated posting on the same subject

The Takeaway

Social media has become an important way to gather investment information. But learning to recognize reliable sources is critical to finding accurate and useful information to create a strategy, whether you’re investing in stocks, bonds, options, or other financial securities.

What’s more, investors must understand the behavioral biases that social media investing can trigger, namely the temptation to time the market. To avoid this pitfall, create and follow a long-term financial plan. Use social media to research stocks and funds that fit your plan, including your time horizon and tolerance for risk.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.

FAQ

Which social media platforms can I use for investing?

Investing and financial content is pervasive on many platforms, including TikTok, X, Facebook, YouTube, and more.

What are some good practices to follow in regards to social media investing?

Some rules of thumb could include following the companies in which you invest (or may want to invest in), following credentialed, informed experts (not just influencers), and using different tech tools that may be offered by brokerages.

What common social media investing mistakes should I try to avoid?

Some common mistakes investors make include making emotional or impulsive decisions based on their social media feeds, forgoing due diligence or research, and trusting bots or bad actors posting on various social media platforms.

Photo credit: iStock/GOCMEN


SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $50 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.026%. See full terms and conditions.

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What Are Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS)?

What Are Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS)?

Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, or TIPS, are one way to hedge against inflation in a portfolio. Inflation, or a sustained period of rising consumer prices, can take a bite out of investor portfolios as the prices of goods and services increase.

These government-issued securities are inflation-protected bonds that adjust in tandem with shifts in consumer prices to maintain value. Investing in TIPS bonds could make sense for investors who are seeking protection against inflation or who want to increase their conservative asset allocation.

Key Points

•   Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) are U.S. Treasury bonds designed to protect against inflation.

•   The principal adjusts with inflation or deflation, ensuring at least the original face value at maturity.

•   Interest is paid semi-annually at a fixed rate on the adjusted principal, providing a real rate of return.

•   TIPS are backed by the U.S. government, offering stability and minimal credit risk.

•   TIPS can be purchased directly from the Treasury, through brokers, or via ETFs.

What Are TIPS?

TIPS are inflation-protected bonds that pay interest out to investors twice annually, at a fixed rate applied to the adjusted principal of the bond. This principal can increase with inflation or decrease with deflation, which is a sustained period of falling prices. When the bond matures, you’re paid out the original principal or the adjusted principal — whichever is greater.

Understanding Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities starts with understanding a little about how bonds work.

When you invest in a bond, whether it’s issued by a government, corporation, or municipality, you’re essentially lending the issuer your money. In return, the bond issuer agrees to pay that money back to you at a specified date, along with interest. For that reason, bonds are often a popular option for those seeking fixed-income investments.

Here are some key TIPS basics to know:

•  TIPS bonds are issued in terms of 5, 10, and 30 years

•  Interest rates are determined at auction

•  Minimum investment is $100

•  TIPS are issued electronically

•  You can hold TIPS bonds until maturity or sell them ahead of the maturity date on the secondary market

Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities are different from other types of government-issued bonds. With I Bonds, for example, interest accrues over the life of the bond and is paid out when the bond is redeemed. Interest earned is not based on any adjustments to the bond principal — hence, no inflationary protection.


💡 Quick Tip: Before opening any investment account, consider what level of risk you are comfortable with. If you’re not sure, start with more conservative investments, and then adjust your portfolio as you learn more.

How Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) Work

Understanding how TIPS work is really about understanding the relationship they have with inflation and deflation.

Inflation refers to an increase in the price of goods and services over time. The federal government measures inflation using price indexes, including the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The federal government measures inflation using the Consumer Price Index, which measures the average change in prices over time for a basket of consumer goods and services. That includes things like food, gas, and energy or utility services.

Deflation is essentially the opposite of inflation, in which consumer prices for goods and services drop over time.

This can happen in a recession, but deflation can also be triggered when there’s a significant imbalance between supply and demand for goods and services. Both inflation and deflation can be detrimental to investors if they have trickle-down effects that impact the way consumers spend and borrow money.

When inflation or deflation occurs, inflation-protected bonds can provide a measure of stability with regard to investment returns. Here’s how it works:

•  You purchase one or more Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities

•  You then earn a fixed interest rate on the TIPS bond you own

•  When inflation increases, the bond principal increases

•  When deflation occurs, the bond principal decreases

•  Once the bond matures, you receive the greater of the adjusted principal or the original principal

This last part is what protects you from negative impacts associated with either inflation or deflation. You’ll never receive less than the face value of the bond, since the principal adjusts to counteract changes in consumer prices.

Are TIPS a Good Investment?

Investing in inflation-protected bonds could make sense if you’re interested in creating some insulation against the impacts of inflation in your portfolio. For example, say you invest $1,000 into a 10-year TIPS bond that offers a 2% coupon rate. The coupon rate represents the yield or income you can expect to receive from the bond while you hold it.

Now, assume that inflation rises to 3% over the next year. This would put the bond’s face value at $1,030, with an annual interest payment of $20.60. If you were looking at a period of deflation instead, then the bond’s face value and interest payments would decline. But the principal would adjust to reflect that to minimize the risk of a negative return.

Recommended: Understanding Deflation and How It Impacts Investors

Pros of Investing in TIPS

What TIPS offer that more traditional bonds don’t is a real rate of return versus a nominal rate of return. In other words, the interest you earn with Treasury Inflation Protected Securities reflects the bond’s actual return once inflation is factored in. As mentioned, I Bonds don’t offer that; you’re just getting whatever interest is earned on the bond over time.

Since these are government bonds, there tends to be little credit risk, which refers to the possibility that a bond issuer might default and not pay anything back to investors. With TIPS bonds, you’re going to at least get the face value of the bond back if nothing else. And compared to stocks, bonds are generally a far less risky investment.

If the adjusted principal is higher than the original principal, then you benefit from an increase in inflation. Since it’s typically more common for an economy to experience periods of inflation rather than deflation, TIPS can be an attractive diversification option if you’re looking for a more conservative investment.

Recommended: The Importance of Portfolio Diversification

Cons of Investing in TIPS

There are some potential downsides to keep in mind when investing with TIPS. For example, they’re more sensitive to interest rate fluctuations than other types of bonds. If you were to sell a Treasury Inflation-Protected Security before it matures, you could risk losing money, depending on the interest rate environment.

You may also find less value from holding TIPS in your portfolio if inflation doesn’t materialize. When you redeem your bonds at maturity you will get back the original principal and you’ll still benefit from interest earned. But the subsequent potential increases in the principal that TIPS can offer during periods of inflation is a large part of their appeal.

It’s also important to consider where taxes fit in. Both interest payments and increases in principal from inflation are subject to federal tax, though they are exempt from state and local tax. The better your TIPS bonds perform, the more you might owe in taxes at the end of the year.

How to Invest in Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities

If you’re interested in adding TIPS to your portfolio, there are three ways you can do it.

1.   Purchase TIPS bonds directly from the U.S. Treasury. You can do this online through the TreasuryDirect website. You’d need to open an account first but once you do so, you can submit a noncompetitive bid for inflation-protected bonds. The TreasuryDirect system will prompt you on how to do this.

2.   Purchase TIPS through a banker, broker, or dealer. With this type of arrangement, the banker, broker, or dealer submits a bid for you. You can either specify what type of yield you’re looking for, which is a competitive bid, or accept whatever is available, which is a noncompetitive bid.

3.   Invest in securities that hold TIPS, i.e. exchange-traded funds or mutual funds. There’s no such thing as a TIP stock but you could purchase a TIPS ETF if you’d like to own a basket of Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities. You might choose this option if you don’t want to purchase individual bonds and hold them until maturity.

When comparing different types of investments that are available with ETFs or mutual funds, pay attention to:

•  Underlying holdings

•  Fund turnover ratio

•  Expense ratios

Also consider the fund’s overall performance, particularly during periods of inflation or deflation. Past history is not an exact predictor of future performance but it may shed some light on how a TIPS ETF has reacted to rising or falling prices previously.

The Takeaway

Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities may help shield your portfolio against some of the negative impacts of inflation. Investors who are worried about their purchasing power shrinking over time may find TIPS appealing.

But don’t discount the value of investing in stocks and other securities as well. Building a diversified portfolio that takes into consideration an investor’s personal risk tolerance, as well as financial goals and time horizons, is a popular strategy.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.


About the author

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake

Rebecca Lake has been a finance writer for nearly a decade, specializing in personal finance, investing, and small business. She is a contributor at Forbes Advisor, SmartAsset, Investopedia, The Balance, MyBankTracker, MoneyRates and CreditCards.com. Read full bio.



SoFi Invest®

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below: Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $50 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.026%. See full terms and conditions.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

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