Personal loans are typically not considered to be income and are therefore not taxed by the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS.
Personal loans can be a useful, flexible source of a lump sum of cash to put towards everything from a major medical bill to a home renovation project to a summer vacation. But you may wonder whether that cash infusion is considered income and therefore subject to taxes.
Fortunately, a personal loan is usually not considered income, though there are some exceptions that could impact borrowers during tax season. Here’s a closer look.
Table of Contents
Key Points
• Personal loan funds are generally not considered income and are not taxed by the IRS.
• If a personal loan is partially or fully forgiven, the canceled debt may be treated as taxable income.
• Interest on personal loans is typically not tax-deductible, unlike some other types of loans.
• Formal loan forgiveness will usually trigger a 1099-C form and must be reported on your tax return.
Does a Personal Loan Count as Income?
If you take out a personal loan, you may treat the funds the same as you would your paycheck. But as far as the IRS is concerned, any kind of formal loan from a bank or lender with terms that require repayment is considered a debt and is therefore typically not considered income. This distinction is important because it means you may not have to pay taxes on money you receive from a personal loan.
However, there may be tax implications on informal loans from friends and family. For instance, loans above a certain amount must charge interest, which could potentially trigger some tax consequences. Before you enter into any agreement with a loved one, it’s a smart move to consult with an accountant.
Recommended: How to Pay Less Taxes: 9 Simple Steps
When Is a Personal Loan Considered Income?
While personal loans are generally not considered income and therefore taxable, there are exceptions that borrowers should know about.
If you take out a personal loan and then some or all of the loan debt is forgiven, the amount forgiven could be considered income. It might seem odd for canceled debt to be considered income, but think about it like this: Say you made an extra $5,000 from work and used it to pay off your personal loan. That $5,000 would be considered income, and your loan would be paid off.
However, if you made no extra money but your $5,000 loan was canceled, then you would be in the same financial position in the end. So the IRS considers that forgiven loan debt taxable income.
Once a formal debt is forgiven or canceled, you should receive a Form 1099-C from the lender. According to the IRS, the amount of the canceled debt is taxable and must be reported on your tax return for the year.
There are some exceptions, such as certain qualifying student loan cancellations or personal loans canceled as part of bankruptcy hearings. And that’s where professional tax guidance might come in handy. Another important point to know is that the interest on personal loans is generally not tax-deductible.
What Exactly Is a Personal Loan?
As you’re exploring your options, it helps to understand what a personal loan is and how it works. A personal loan is one of many types of loans offered by banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Personal loans typically range from $1,000 to $100,000, depending on the lender. There are both secured and unsecured personal loans. A secured personal loan means there is some sort of collateral to back the loan.
With an unsecured loan, there is no collateral. Generally, personal loans are unsecured. The terms of the loan—including things like interest rates, origination fees, and repayment schedules—are typically based on an applicant’s financial history, income, debt, and credit score. Because these types of loans aren’t tied to an asset, their interest rates can be higher than secured personal loans but are usually lower than credit cards or payday loans.
Exact eligibility requirements will vary by lender. The loans are then typically paid back with interest in monthly payments over a set schedule; typical repayment terms are extended over anywhere from 12 to 84 months.
Unlike a business loan or a home loan, the uses of an unsecured personal loan include a range of personal expenses, from home renovations to medical bills to consolidating credit card debt.
Applying for a Personal Loan
If you’re thinking about a personal loan, consider starting with this checklist:
• Determine how much money you need.
• Explore all your financial options.
• Research various loans and lenders.
• Choose the type of loan you want.
• Compare interest rates.
If you decide a personal loan is right for you, the application process is relatively straightforward. You may be asked to submit paperwork, like a photo ID, proof of address, and proof of employment or income. Many lenders offer applicants the option to see if they prequalify for a loan, which can give them an idea of the rates and terms available to them.
If you’re planning to use a personal loan to pay off existing debt, you could also use a personal loan calculator to compare payments and rates to see if an unsecured personal loan could potentially help you save money.
Recommended: Preapproval vs. Prequalify: What’s the Difference?
The Takeaway
A personal loan can provide borrowers with funds for a variety of purposes. Generally speaking, the money isn’t taxable or considered to be income. However, there are some exceptions. For instance, if you take out a personal loan, and some or all of the balance is forgiven, the canceled debt could be considered income.
Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.
FAQ
Do I report a personal loan as income on taxes?
No, a personal loan usually isn’t considered income as it is a loan that you repay with interest. Even if you receive the funds as a lump sum, it is still debt that you are repaying. However, if your loan is forgiven, you may owe taxes.
Is a personal loan tax-free?
Yes, personal loans are typically tax-free. They are not a form of income but a kind of debt that you repay with interest.
Does a loan from a family member count as income on taxes?
As long as it is properly structured and treated as a loan vs. a gift, a loan from a family member does not count as taxable income.
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