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Mar

2025

What’s the Difference Between a Certified Check and a Cashier’s Check?

By Jacqueline DeMarco | Budgeting & Goals, Financial Independence, money | Comments Off

If someone needs to make or receive a payment via check, both cashier’s checks and certified checks can offer a more secure option than a personal check. That said, there’s an important difference between a certified check and a cashier’s check. With the former, the payer backs the check; with the latter, the bank guarantees it.

Key Points

• Cashier’s checks and certified checks are both secure payment options, but there are important differences between them.

• A cashier’s check is guaranteed by a bank or credit union, while a certified check is guaranteed by the individual making the payment.

• Cashier’s checks are usually considered the safest form of payment and are often required for major transactions, such as a real estate purchase.

• Certified checks work more like personal checks with the bank saying there are funds to cover the amount as an extra layer of protection.

• Alternatives to cashier’s checks and certified checks can include money orders, P2P payments, and money transfer services.

🛈 Currently, SoFi does not offer members certified checks or cashier’s checks.

What Is a Cashier’s Check?

A cashier’s check is a specific type of check that has a guarantee from a bank or credit union that if the check doesn’t go through, the financial institution will make the payment. This situation can arise if there aren’t sufficient funds in the payer’s account for the check to process. Because of this, cashier’s checks are considered to be the safest form of payment. This type of check is often required when making a major purchase like buying a car or putting a downpayment on a home.

How Do Cashier’s Checks Work?

The way that a cashier’s check works is that the payer requests a cashier’s check at the financial institution where they have their bank account. They then pay the bank the amount they want to provide to the payee and the bank will cut a check using their own funds.

The bank will list the payee on the check to ensure that the check is used by the person the payer intended it to go to. Cashier’s checks usually clear faster than personal checks issued from someone’s checkbook.

In many cases, the payer needs to be a member of a bank or credit union to request a cashier’s check be generated. A fee is typically involved as well. It can cost approximately $8 to $15 to obtain a cashier’s check, though some banks may waive the fee for certain customers.

What Is a Certified Check?

A certified check is a different type of check that works more like a personal check. With a certified check, the money comes straight from the payer’s checking account. But first the bank verifies to make sure that the payer has sufficient funds in their account to cover the amount. If for some reason the check bounces, the account holder is held responsible (unlike with a cashier’s check where the bank is the one on the hook if the check bounces). Because of this, certified checks tend to be more secure than personal checks.

How Do Certified Checks Work?

To certify a check, the bank verifies that the account associated with the check has sufficient funds to make the payment. They will also verify the payer’s identity and will add an official bank stamp or watermark to the check.

It’s possible to get a certified check at some banks, however, not all banks offer them. A certified check typically costs $15 to $20.

Which Check Is Safer?

While both certified checks and cashier’s checks are safer than a personal check from your checking account, cashier’s checks are a bit more secure. The reason: The bank that backs them won’t default on the payment. That being said, both types of checks are good options for someone paying a large amount of money. They can also be used when transferring or receiving money from a stranger.

Most likely, if a situation arises that requires one of these check types, it’s because the payee requested payment be made with a specific type of check. They’re probably seeking a higher level of certainty that the payment will go through.

Differences Between a Cashier’s Check and a Certified Check

Is a cashier’s check the same as a certified check? Simply put, no. There are a few key differences when it comes to certified check vs. cashier check that it’s worth understanding.

Source of Funding

Ideally, with either type of check, the funds will come out of the payee’s bank account. However, if a cashier’s check is issued and then can’t be processed because of insufficient funds, the bank will need to fund the amount due. If the check was a certified check, the payer still needs to fund it through their bank account.

Check Signature

A cashier’s check can include bank employee signatures. With a certified check, however, the bank simply verifies the payer’s signature.

Payer of the Check

With both types of checks, the payer is the one paying the check. If, during processing, the check bounces, they will only be held responsible with a certified check. With a cashier’s check, the bank that backed the check will then be the one who is required to fund it.

Funds Availability

As briefly noted earlier, with both a cashier’s check and a certified check, the funds available come from the payer’s bank account. If the check bounces and it’s a cashier’s check, then the bank will need to provide the funding. If it was a certified check, the payer will be responsible for making funds available.

How It Works

With a cashier’s check, the payer requests a cashier’s check at the bank. Then, the payer gives the bank the amount the check will be for. The bank will then cut (or issue) a check using their own funds.

When it comes to certified checks, the bank verifies that the bank account associated with the check has sufficient funds to make the payment. It also verifies the payer’s identity and adds an official bank stamp or watermark to the check. If the check bounces, the payer is held responsible.

Guarantees

A cashier’s check is guaranteed by a financial institution, whereas a certified check is guaranteed by the individual making the payment.

Costs of Checks

A cashier’s check may involve a fee of up to $15; the cost for a certified check can run up to $20.

Safety of Checks

Cashier’s checks are guaranteed by a bank or credit union and are typically considered the safest form of payment. With a certified check, the bank simply certifies the money was available when the payer wrote the check and then verifies the payer’s signature.

Avoiding Scams and Fraud

To help avoid scams and other types of bank fraud when writing or receiving a check, here are some best practices to keep in mind.

• Don’t ever send money back to someone who sent you a check unless you have cashed the check or deposited it and are sure it cleared.

• If selling something to a stranger online, consider using an escrow or online payment service instead of a check.

• Never accept a check that is worth more than it was supposed to be.

• Don’t lose a check with personal banking information on it.

Alternatives to Cashier’s Checks and Certified Checks

If a cashier’s check or certified check doesn’t seem like the right fit for you, there are other ways you can send money to someone’s account.

Money Orders

When it comes to a certified check or cashier’s check vs. a money order, a money order functions much like a standard check. It can be bought at retail stores, supermarkets, financial institutions, and U.S. post offices. The payer pays for the money order upfront, so there’s no chance of overdrafting like there is with a check. No bank account is required. At the post office, fees are likely to be about $3 for a domestic money order of up to $1,000.

P2P Payments

P2P payment services like Cash App, PayPal, and Venmo make it easy to send cash for smaller purchases instantaneously. These may be ideal for daily life (for instance, when you owe friends money for dinner). This isn’t the right choice, though, when managing a large payment such as a downpayment on a home.

Money Transfer Services

Money transfer services are a convenient form of electronic payment that involve sending money from one bank to another via the Automated Clearing House (ACH). Among the transactions that work this way are e-checks and direct deposit.

Test your understanding of what you just read.

The Takeaway

The main difference between a certified check vs. cashier check is who guarantees the check. In the case of a cashier’s check, the bank guarantees it, but with a certified check the consumer writing the check guarantees it. Cashier’s checks are typically thought to be the safest option and they may also be more readily available (certified checks are only offered by some banks). Both types of checks are important financial tools when you need a more trustworthy form of payment than a standard check.

Having a bank account that can provide you with the tools and services you need, like a certified or cashier’s check or an array of digital features such as mobile deposit and bill pay, is important. When choosing a bank, make sure to find out all the offerings they have, as well as what their account fees are and any minimum balance required. That way, you can make the most informed decision.

FAQ

Do certified checks clear immediately?

When you deposit a certified check, it doesn’t clear immediately. It typically takes one to two business days.

Can you get scammed with a certified check?

Both certified checks and cashier’s checks are safer than a personal check. Of course, there is still a small chance that fraud may occur. Checks can be faked. It’s wise to always be careful when receiving or making payment via checks, especially for large sums of money.

Is it safe to accept a cashier’s check?

Yes, it is generally safe to accept a cashier’s check. A cashier’s check is much more reliable than a personal check; it is guaranteed by the bank or credit union issuing it.

About the author

Jacqueline DeMarco

Jacqueline DeMarco is a freelance writer who specializes in financial topics. Her first job out of college was in the financial industry, and it was there she gained a passion for helping others understand tricky financial topics. Read full bio.

Photo credit: iStock/Dilok Klaisataporn

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

3.30% APY
Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

SOBK-Q224-1927137-V1

Mar

2025

A Complete Guide to Private Student Loans

By Kayla McCormack | Fresh Out of School, Student Loans, student_loan | No Comments

The average cost of college in the U.S. is $38,270 per year, including books, supplies, and daily living expenses, according to the Education Data Initiative. While grants and scholarships can significantly lower your out-of-pocket expenses, they typically don’t cover the full cost of your college education.

Student loans, both federal and private, can help bridge this gap in financial aid to allow you to attend the college of your choice. Federal student loans are funded by the government. They tend to offer the best rates and terms, but come with borrowing limits. If you still have gaps in funding, you can turn to private student loans.

Private student loans are funded by banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Private lenders set their own eligibility criteria, and interest rates generally depend on a borrower’s creditworthiness. While private student loans don’t offer all the same borrower protections as federal loans, they can still be a smart choice to help you pay for educational expenses, as long as you do your research.

This guide offers private student loan basics, including what they are, how they work, their pros and cons, and how to apply for one.

Key Points

• Private student loans are offered by banks, credit unions, and online lenders. They are a funding option for students after federal student loans have been exhausted.

• Approval for private student loans typically depends on the borrower’s creditworthiness; students may need a cosigner due to limited credit history.

• Private loans may lack flexible repayment plans and protections that federal loans offer.

• Funds are usually sent directly to the educational institution to cover tuition and fees; any remaining amount is disbursed to the student.

• It’s essential to thoroughly research and compare private loan options, considering factors like interest rates, repayment terms, and borrower protections, before making a decision.

What are Private Student Loans?

Often when people talk about student loans, they’re referring to federal student loans, which are provided by the federal government. Private student loans, by contrast, are funded by banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Students typically turn to private student loans when federal loans won’t cover all of their costs.

You can use the money from a private school loan to pay for expenses like tuition, fees, housing, books, and supplies. Interest rates for private student loans may be variable or fixed and are set by the lender. Repayment terms can be anywhere from five to 20 years.

Unlike federal student loans, borrowers must pass a credit check to qualify for private student loans. Since most college students don’t have enough credit history to take out a large loan, a cosigner is often required.

💡 Quick Tip: New to private student loans? Visit the Private Student Loans Glossary to get familiar with key terms you will see during the process.

How Do Private Student Loans Work?

How Private Student Loans Work

Loan amounts, interest rates, repayment terms, and eligibility requirements for undergraduate private student loans vary by individual lender. If you’re in the market for a private student loan, it’s key to shop around and compare your options to find the best fit.

To get a private student loan, you need to file an application directly with your lender of choice. Based on the information you submit, the lender will determine whether or not you are approved and, if so, what rates and terms you qualify for.

If you’re approved, the loan proceeds will typically be disbursed directly to your university. Your school will apply that money to tuition, fees, room and board, and any other necessary expenses. If there are funds left over, the money will be given to you to use toward other education-related expenses, such as textbooks and supplies.

Repayment policies vary by lender, but typically you aren’t required to make payments while you’re attending school. Some lenders will allow you to defer payments until six months after you graduate. However, interest typically begins accruing as soon as the loan is dispersed. Similar to unsubsidized federal student loans, the interest that accrues while you’re in school is added to your loan balance.

The Pros and Cons of Private Student Loans

Pros of Private Student Loans	Cons of Private Student Loans
Apply any time of the year	May require a cosigner
Higher loan amounts	Less flexible repayment options
Choice of fixed or variable rates	No loan forgiveness programs
Quick application process	Can lead to over-borrowing
Options for international students	No federal subsidy

If federal financial aid — including grants, work-study, and federal student loans — isn’t enough to cover the full cost of college, private student loans can fill in any gaps. Just keep in mind that private student loans don’t offer the same borrower protections that come with federal student loans. Before taking out a private student loan, it’s a good idea to fully understand their pros and cons.

The Benefits of Private Student Loans

Here’s a look at some of the advantages that come with private student loans.

Apply Any Time of the Year

Unlike federal student loans, which have application deadlines, you can apply for private student loans any time of the year. As a result, they can be helpful if you’re facing a mid-year funding shortfall or if your college expenses go up unexpectedly.

Higher Loan Amounts

Federal loans have annual maximums. For example, a first-year, dependent undergraduate can borrow up to $5,500 for that year. The aggregate max a dependent student can borrow from the government for their entire undergraduate education is $31,000. Private student loan limits vary with each lender, but you can typically borrow up to the full cost of attendance, minus any financial aid received.

Choice of Fixed or Variable Interest Rates

Federal loans only offer fixed-rate loans, while private lenders usually give you a choice between fixed or variable interest rates. Fixed rates remain the same over the life of the loans, whereas variable rates can change throughout the loan term, depending on benchmark rates.

Variable-rate loans usually have lower starting interest rates than fixed-rate loans. If you can afford to pay off your student loans quickly, you might pay less interest with a variable-rate loan from a private lender than a fixed-rate federal loan.

Quick Application Process

While federal student loans require borrowers to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA, private student loans do not. You can apply for most private student loans online in just a few minutes without providing nearly as much information.
In some cases, you can get a lending decision within 72 hours. By comparison, it typically takes one to three days for the government to process the FAFSA if you submit electronically, and seven to 10 days if you mail in the form.

Options for International Students

While you never want to default on your student loans (since it can cause significant damage to your credit), it can be nice to know that private student loans come with a statute of limitations. This is a set period of time that lenders have to take you to court to recoup the debt after you default. The time frame varies by state, but it can range anywhere from three to 10 years. After that period ends, lenders have limited options to collect from you.

However, that’s not the case with federal student loans. You must eventually repay your loans, and the government can even garnish your wages and tax refunds until you do.

Options for International Students

International students typically don’t qualify for federal financial aid, including federal student loans. Some private lenders, however, will provide student loans to non-U.S. citizens who meet specific criteria, such as attending an eligible college on at least a half-time basis, having a valid student visa, and/or adding a U.S. citizen as a cosigner.

When we say no fees required we mean it.
No late fees
when you take out a student loan with SoFi.

The Disadvantages of Private Student Loans

Private student loans also have some downsides. Here are some to keep in mind.

May Require a Cosigner

Most high school and college students don’t make enough income or have a strong credit history to qualify for private student loans on their own. Though some lenders will take grades and income potential into consideration, most students need a cosigner to qualify for a private student loan. Your cosigner is legally responsible for your student debt, and any missed payments can negatively affect their credit. If you can’t repay your loans, your cosigner is responsible for the entire amount.

The good news is that some private student loans allow for a cosigner release.That means that after you make a certain number of on-time payments, you can apply to have the cosigner removed from the loan.

Less Flexible Repayment Options

Federal student loans offer several different types of repayment plans, including income-driven repayment (IDR) plans, which calculate your monthly payment as a percentage of your income.

With private student loans, on the other hand, usually the only way to reduce your monthly payment is to refinance the loan to a lower interest rate, a longer repayment term, or both. Keep in mind that by lowering your monthly payment via a longer repayment period, you’ll typically end up paying more in interest over the life of the loan.

No Loan Forgiveness Programs

Federal student loans come with a few different forgiveness programs, including Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) and Teacher Loan Forgiveness. While these programs have strict eligibility requirements, they can help many low-income borrowers. Private lenders, on the other hand, generally don’t offer programs that forgive your debt after meeting certain requirements.

If you’re experiencing financial hardship, however, the lender may agree to temporarily lower your payments, waive a payment, or shift to interest-only payments.

Can Lead to Over-Borrowing

Private loans typically allow you to borrow up to 100% of your cost of attendance, minus other aid you’ve already received. Just because you can borrow that much, however, doesn’t necessarily mean you should. Borrowing the maximum incurs more interest over the duration of your loans and increases your payments, which can make repayment more difficult.

Recommended: How to Save Money in College

No Federal Subsidy

Subsidized federal student loans, awarded based on financial need, come with an interest subsidy, meaning the government pays your interest while you’re in school and for six months after you graduate. This can add up to a significant savings.

Subsidies don’t exist with private student loans. Interest accrues from Day One, and in some cases, you might need to make interest payments while still in school. If you don’t pay the interest as you go, it’s added to your debt as capitalized interest when you finish school. (This is also the case with federal unsubsidized loans.)

Federal vs Private Student Loans

Here’s a look at the key differences between federal vs. private student loans.

Federal Student Loans vs. Private Student Loans

The Application Process

Federal student loans are awarded as a part of a student’s financial aid package. In order to apply for federal student loans, students must fill out the FAFSA each year. No credit check is needed to qualify.

To apply for private student loans, students need to fill out an application directly with their preferred lender. Application requirements vary depending on the lender. A credit check is typically required.

Recommended: Financial Aid vs Student Loans

Interest Rates

The interest rates on federal student loans are fixed and are set annually by Congress. Once you’ve taken out a federal loan, your interest rate is locked for the life of the loan.

For the 2025-2026 school year, the federal student loan interest rate is 6.39% for Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans for undergraduates, 7.94% for Direct Unsubsidized Loans for graduate and professional students, and 8.94% for Direct PLUS loans for parents and graduate or professional students.

Private lenders, on the other hand, are free to set interest rates. Rates may be fixed or variable and depend on several factors, including your (or your cosigner’s) credit score, loan amount, and chosen repayment term. Private student loan rates may start as low as 3.47%, according to the Education Data Initiative.

Repayment Plans

Borrowers with federal student loans can select from several different federal repayment plans , including income-driven repayment plans. You can defer payments while enrolled at least half-time and immediately after graduation.

Repayment plans for private loans are set by the individual lender. Many private student loan lenders allow you to defer payments during school and for six months after graduation. They also have a variety of repayment terms, often ranging from five to 20 years.

Keep in mind that for federal student loans, access to all income-based plans is currently cut off for new borrowers while the Trump administration reevaluates.

Options for Deferment or Forbearance

Federal student loan borrowers can apply for deferment or forbearance if they encounter financial difficulties while they are repaying their loans. These options allow borrowers to pause their loan payments (interest, however, will typically continue to accrue).

Some private lenders may offer options for borrowers who are facing financial difficulties, including short periods of deferment or forbearance. Some also offer unemployment protection, which allows qualifying borrowers who have lost their job through no fault of their own to modify payments on their student loans.

Loan Forgiveness

Borrowers with federal student loans might be able to pursue loan forgiveness through federal programs such as PSLF or Teacher Loan Forgiveness, or after paying down their balances on an IDR plan for a certain period of time.

Since private student loans aren’t controlled by the government, they are not eligible for federal loan forgiveness programs. Though private lenders will often work with borrowers to avoid default, private student loans are rarely forgiven. Generally, it only happens if the borrower becomes permanently disabled or dies, but even then it is up to the specific lender.

Should You Consider Private Student Loans?

There are many different types of student loans. It’s generally a good idea to maximize federal student loans before turning to private student loans. That way, you’ll have access to income-driven repayment plans, loan forgiveness programs, and extended deferment and forbearance periods.

If you still need money to cover tuition or other expenses, and you (or your cosigner) have strong credit, a private student loan can make sense.

Private student loans can also be useful if your expenses suddenly go up and you’ve already maxed out federal student loans, since they allow you to access additional funding relatively quickly. You might also consider a private student loan if you don’t qualify for federal loans. If you’re an international student, for example, a private loan may be your only college funding option.

Another scenario where private student loans can make sense is if you only plan to take out the loan short-term. If you’ll be able to repay the loan over a few years, private student loans could end up costing less overall.

Recommended: When to Apply for Student Loans

How to Get a Private Student Loan

Here’s a look at the steps involved in getting a private student loan.

1. Shop around. Your school may have a list of preferred lenders, but you’re not restricted to this list. You can also do your own research to find top lenders. As you evaluate lenders, consider factors like interest rates, how much you can borrow, the loan term, when you must start repayment, any fees, and if the lender offers any hardship programs.

2. See if you can prequalify. Some lenders allow borrowers to get a quote by filling out a prequalification application. This generally involves a soft credit inquiry (which won’t impact your credit score) and tells you what interest rates and terms you may qualify for. Completing this step can help you decide if you need a cosigner.

3. Gather your information. To officially apply for a private student loan, you typically need to provide your Social Security number, birthdate, and home address, as well as proof of employment and income. You may also need to provide other financial information, such as your assets, rent or mortgage, and tax returns. If you have a cosigner, you’ll have to provide their personal and financial details as well.

4. Submit your application. Once you’ve completed your application, the lender will typically contact your school to verify your information and eligibility. They will then process the student loan and notify you about your approval and disbursement of your money.

💡 Quick Tip: Parents and sponsors with strong credit and income may find much lower rates on no-fee private parent student loans than federal parent PLUS loans. Federal PLUS loans also come with an origination fee.

Does Everyone Get Approved for Private Student Loans?

No, not everyone gets approved for private student loans. Lenders assess various factors to determine eligibility, such as credit history and income. Students with limited credit history may need a cosigner to qualify. Here are the key factors lenders consider:

• Credit score

• Income and employment status

• Debt-to-income ratio

• Cosigner’s creditworthiness

• Enrollment status at an eligible school

If you don’t meet these qualifications, you can apply with a cosigner who does.

Apply for a Private Student Loan with SoFi

Private student loans are offered by banks, credit unions, and online lenders to help college students cover their educational expenses. They are not part of the federal student loan program, and generally do not feature the flexible repayment terms or borrower protections offered by federal student loans.
However, private student loans come with higher loan limits, and the borrowing costs are sometimes lower compared to their federal counterparts.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

Why would someone get a private student loan?

Students typically turn to private student loans when federal loans won’t cover all of their costs. Private student loans come with higher borrowing limits than their federal counterparts. The aggregate max dependent students can borrow from the government for their entire undergraduate education is $31,000, which is sometimes not nearly enough to cover the cost of attendance.

With private loans, on the other hand, you can typically borrow up to the total cost of attendance, minus any financial aid received, every year. This gives you more flexibility to get the financing you need. Keep in mind, though, that private student loans do not come with the same federal protections and benefits offered by federal student loans.

Will private student loans be forgiven?

Private student loans aren’t funded by the government, so they don’t offer the same forgiveness programs. In fact, private student loan forgiveness is rare.

If you experience financial hardship, however, many lenders will work with you to stay out of default. They may agree to temporarily lower your payments, waive a payment, or switch to interest-only payments. Or, you might qualify for deferment or forbearance, which temporarily postpones your payments (though interest continues to accrue).

Are private student loans paid to you or the school?

Private student loans are typically disbursed directly to the school to cover tuition, fees, and other educational expenses. Any remaining funds after those costs are covered are then refunded to the student, which can be used for additional expenses like housing, textbooks, and personal living costs.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOISL-Q125-021

Mar

2025

Returned Item Fees: What They Are & How to Avoid Them

By Kelly Boyer Sagert | Budgeting & Goals, Financial Independence, money | Comments Off

Returned item charges are bank fees that are assessed when you don’t have enough money in your account to cover a check (or online payment) and the bank doesn’t cover that payment. Instead, they return the check or deny the electronic payment, and hit you with a penalty fee. Returned item fees are also called non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees. While these fees used to be ubiquitous, some banks have chosen to eliminate them.

Read on to learn exactly what NSF/returned item fees are and how you can avoid paying them.

Key Points

• Returned item fees, also known as non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees, are charged when an account lacks enough funds to cover a check or electronic payment.

• These fees can be avoided by closely monitoring account balances and setting up bank alerts for low balances.

• Linking a savings account to a checking account can provide a backup to cover shortfalls, potentially avoiding NSF fees.

• Using a debit card strategically can prevent large holds that might lead to NSF fees for other transactions.

• Choosing a bank that offers no-fee overdraft protection can also help avoid these fees.

What Is a Non-Sufficient Funds (NSF) Fee?

A non-sufficient fund or NSF fee is the same thing as a returned item fee. These are fees banks charge when someone does not have enough money in their checking account to cover a paper check, e-check, or electronic payment. They are assessed because the bank has to put forth additional work to deal with this situation. They also serve as a way for banks to make money. The average NSF fee is $19.94.

In addition to being hit with an NSF fee from the bank, having bounced checks and rejected electronic payments can cause you to receive returned check fees, late fees, or interest charges from the service provider or company you were attempting to pay.

How Do Non-Sufficient Fund Fees Work?

Here’s a basic example. Let’s say that someone has $500 in the bank. They withdraw $100 from an ATM and forget to record that transaction. Then, they write a check for $425, believing that those funds are available:

• Original balance: $500

• ATM withdrawal: $100

• New actual balance: $400

• Check amount: $425

• Problem: The check is for $25 more than what is currently available.

The financial institution could refuse to honor this check (in other words, the check would “bounce” or be considered a “bad check”) and charge an NSF fee to the account holder. This is not the same thing as an overdraft fee.

An overdraft fee comes into play when you sign up for overdraft protection. Overdraft protection is an agreement with the bank to cover overdrafts on a checking account. This service typically involves a fee (called an overdraft fee) and is generally limited to a preset maximum amount.

Are NSF Fees Legal?

Yes, NSF or returned item fees are legal on bounced checks and returned electronic bill payments. However, they should not be charged on debit card transactions or ATM withdrawals.

If you don’t opt in to overdraft coverage (i.e., agree to pay overdraft fees for certain transactions), then the financial institution cannot legally charge overdraft (or NSF) fees for debit card transactions or ATM withdrawals. Instead, the institution would simply decline the transaction when you try to make it.

No federal law states a maximum NSF fee. But The Truth in Lending Act does require banks to disclose their fees to customers when they open an account.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau has been pushing banks to eliminate NSF fees, and their efforts have paid off. Many banks have done away with NSF fees and others have lowered them.

Are NSF Fees Refundable?

You can always ask for a refund. If you’ve been with a financial institution for a while and this is your first NSF fee, you could contact the bank and ask for a refund. The financial institution may see you as a loyal customer that they don’t want to lose, so they may say “yes.” That said, it’s entirely up to them — and, even if they agree the first time, they will probably be less willing if it becomes a pattern. (Or, they may say “no” to the very first request.)

Recommended: Common Bank Fees and How to Avoid Them

Do NSF Fees Affect Your Credit?

Not directly, no. Banking history isn’t reported to the consumer credit bureaus. Indirectly, however, NSF fees could hurt your credit. If a check bounces — say, one to pay your mortgage, car payment, credit card bill, or personal loan — this may cause that payment to be late. If payments are at least 30 days late, loans and credit cards can be reported as delinquent, which can hurt your credit.

And if a payment bounces more than once, a company might send the bill to a collections agency. This information could appear on a credit report and damage your credit. If you don’t pay your NSF fees, the bank may send your debt to a collection agency, which could be reported to the credit bureaus.

Also, keep in mind that any bounced checks or overdrafts could be reported to ChexSystems, a banking reporting agency that works similarly to the credit bureaus. Too many bounced checks or overdrafts could make it hard to open a bank account in the future.

What Happens if You Don’t Pay Your NSF Fees?

If you don’t pay your NSF fees, the bank could suspend or close your account and report your negative banking history to ChexSystems. This could make it difficult for you to open a checking or savings account at another bank or credit union in the future. In addition, the bank may send your debt to a collection agency, which can be reported to the credit bureaus.

How Much Are NSF Fees?

NSF were once as high as $35 per incident but have come down in recent years. The average NSF is now $19.94, which is an historical low.

When Might I Get an NSF Fee?

NSF fees can be charged when there are insufficient funds in your account to cover a check or electronic payment as long as the bank’s policy includes those fees.

What’s the Difference Between an NSF and an Overdraft Fee?

An NSF fee can be charged if there aren’t enough funds in your account to cover a transaction and no overdraft protection exists. The check or transaction will not go through, and the fee may be charged.

Some financial institutions, though, do provide overdraft protection. If you opt in to overdraft protection and you have insufficient funds in your account to cover a payment, the bank would cover the amount (which means there is no bounced check or rejected payment), and then the financial institution may charge an overdraft fee. So with overdraft, the transaction you initiated does go through; with an NSF or returned item situation, the transaction does not go through and you need to redo it. Fees may be assessed, however, in both scenarios.

How to Avoid NSF Fees

There are ways to avoid overdraft fees or NSF fees. Here are some strategies to try.

Closely Watch Your Balances

If you know your bank balance, including what’s outstanding in checks, withdrawals, and transfers, then a NSF situation shouldn’t arise. Using your bank’s mobile app or other online access to your accounts can streamline the process of checking your account. Try to get in the habit of looking every few days or at least once a week.

Keep a Cushion Amount

With this strategy, you always keep a certain dollar amount in your account that’s above and beyond what you spend. If it’s significant enough, a minor slip up still shouldn’t trigger an NSF scenario.

💡 Quick Tip: If your checking account doesn’t offer decent rates, why not apply for an online checking account with SoFi to earn 0.50% APY. That’s 7x based on FDIC monthly interest checking rate as of December 15, 2025. the national checking account average.

Set Up Automatic Alerts

Many financial institutions allow you to sign up for customized banking alerts, either online or via your banking app. It’s a good idea to set up an alert for whenever your balance dips below a certain threshold. That way, you can transfer funds into the account to prevent getting hit with an NSF fee.

Link to a Backup Account

Your financial institution may allow you to link your savings account to your checking account. If so, should the checking balance go below zero, they’d transfer funds from your savings account to cover the difference.

Use Debit Cards Strategically

If you use your debit card to rent a car or check into a hotel, they may place a hold on a certain dollar amount to ensure payment. It may even be bigger than your actual bill. Depending upon your account balance, this could cause something else to bounce. So be careful in how you use your debit cards.

Look for No-Fee Overdraft Coverage

You can avoid NSF fees by shopping around for a bank that offers no-fee overdraft coverage.

Test your understanding of what you just read.

The Takeaway

Returned item fees (also known as NSF fees) can be charged when there are insufficient funds in your account to cover your checks and electronic payments. When you get hit with an NSF fee, you’re essentially getting charged money for not having enough money in your account — a double bummer. To avoid these annoying fees, keep an eye on your balance, know when automatic bill payments go through, and try to find a bank that does not charge NSF fees.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

FAQ

What happens when you get an NSF?

If you get charged an non-sufficient funds (or NSF) fee, it means that a financial transaction has bounced because of insufficient funds in your account. You will owe the fee that’s listed in your bank’s policy.

Is an NSF bad?

If a financial transaction doesn’t go through because of insufficient funds, then this can trigger returned item charges (NSF fees). This means you’re paying a fee for not having enough money in your account to cover your payments, a scenario you generally want to avoid.

Does an NSF affect your credit?

An NSF fee does not directly affect your credit, since banking information isn’t reported to the consumer credit agencies. However, if a bounced check or rejected electronic payment leads to a late payment, the company you paid could report the late payment to the credit bureaus, which could impact your credit.

About the author

Kelly Boyer Sagert

Kelly Boyer Sagert is a full-time freelance writer who specializes in SEO-optimized blog and website copy: both B2B and B2C for companies ranging from one-person shops to Fortune 500 companies. Read full bio.

You may also be interested in:

8 Common Bank Fees and How to Avoid Them

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Overdraft Fees vs Non-Sufficient Funds (NSF) Fees

Photo credit: iStock/MicroStockHub

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.

SOBK0124034

Mar

2025

What Is a High-Yield Checking Account?

By Jamie Cattanach | Budgeting & Goals, Financial Independence, money | Comments Off

A high-yield checking account is a secure place to deposit, store, and withdraw money, but with an enhanced interest rate vs. other similar accounts. Typically, money in a checking account doesn’t earn any interest — or maybe a nominal fraction of a percent.

With a high-yield checking account, there’s the potential to turn your regular deposit account into a passive income machine. While it’s unlikely to make you rich, a high-yield checking account can help pad your pockets with a few extra interest dollars, which can add up over time.

However, these accounts can come with certain conditions that may or may not make them the right choice for you. Here’s what you need to know.

Key Points

• High-yield checking accounts offer significantly higher interest rates compared to traditional checking accounts, potentially reaching up to 5.00% APY.

• These accounts can transform regular checking into a source of passive income, though they won’t make you rich.

• To avoid monthly fees and earn interest, account holders may need to meet specific requirements such as maintaining a minimum balance or making a certain number of transactions.

• Online banks frequently offer these accounts with fewer fees and conditions compared to traditional banks.

• Despite the potential for higher returns, the interest rates on these accounts generally do not compare to those possible through investments in stocks and bonds.

How High-Yield Checking Accounts Work

High-yield checking accounts, as their name implies, are checking accounts that offer a high “yield,” or interest rate, on the balance held in the account.

Whereas the national average for an interest-bearing checking account is about 0.07% APY (annual percentage yield) per the FDIC, a high-yield account might offer 3% to 5% APY or even higher — which still might not make you a fortune, but is a significant upgrade and on a par with some savings accounts.

High-yield checking accounts make it possible to create a passive income stream, albeit a small one, just by holding money in your checking account (which you likely already do). A high-yield checking account can augment interest earnings from other financial products you may hold, such as a high-interest savings account or investments like high-yield bonds.

However, there can be account minimums to contend with or potential fees.

Does a High-Yield Checking Account Come With Fees?

Although some high-yield checking accounts come with monthly maintenance fees that could easily eclipse whatever interest you stand to earn, these fees can commonly be waived so long as you maintain a certain minimum monthly balance or meet other requirements. These may include making a certain number of debit card transactions or receiving a certain threshold in direct-deposit income each month.

These days, there are even some free high-yield checking accounts — usually offered through online banks — but the level of interest you’ll earn may depend on your ability to meet the same kind of transaction minimums we just mentioned. (If you don’t meet the requirements, you might not earn any interest at all.)

So, in short, while you might not have to pay for your high-yield checking account, you’ll likely need to perform the basic minimum monthly transaction requirements in order to glean the full benefits of the account.

Top 3 Pros of a High-Yield Checking Account

High-yield checking accounts can be very beneficial — here’s how.

1. More Earnings

These accounts offer an opportunity for interest earnings simply by holding a checking account. In some cases, the interest rate may rival that of certain kinds of savings accounts.

2. Motivation to Keep More in Your Account

These high-yield checking accounts can incentivize account holders to keep a higher minimum balance due to interest-earning requirements — which can help you generate a cash cushion.

3. Availability

These accounts are becoming increasingly available, especially thanks to the proliferation of online-only banks. You likely don’t need to invest much time and energy in research when looking for one.

Cons of a High-Yield Checking Account

On the other side of the coin (pun totally intended), high-yield checking accounts can have their drawbacks.

Transaction Requirements

These high-yield accounts may come with transaction requirements to secure interest earnings. If the account holder doesn’t meet them, little or no interest will be earned. These obligations might suit your money style, or they might prove to be a major hassle.

Modest Interest (If We’re Honest)

Many interest-bearing accounts generate just a fraction of a percentage in interest. Even the highest-yield checking accounts currently only offer about 5.00% APY. Yes, every little bit helps but this certainly isn’t enough money to retire on.

Additional Fees

In some cases, high-yield checking accounts may come with fees. Waiving them may require holding a significant minimum monthly balance — which can be challenging for individuals and families living paycheck to paycheck.

Here, you can review the pros and cons again in table format:

Pros of High-Yield Checking Accounts	Cons of High-Yield Checking Accounts
Potential to earn interest on checking, which normally offers little or no earning potential	May have many monthly transaction minimums to meet in order to qualify for interest earnings
Can incentivize account holders to keep more money in their accounts	May have fees that can only be waived by maintaining a significant minimum monthly balance or meeting minimum transaction requirements
Are increasingly available — and increasingly fee-free — from online banks	Even the best high-yield checking accounts typically offer far less than the average return on stocks and bonds (though when FDIC-insured, these checking accounts can be a safer investment vehicle)

Recommended: What Is a Certificate of Deposit (CD)?

Is a High-Interest Checking Account Worth It?

Whether or not a high-interest checking account is worth it will probably depend on a couple of key factors.

• First of all, how high is the interest rate? If it’s just a fraction of a percentage above the norm, it may not be worth it. But if it’s a multiple of the standard rate, it might be a good way for your money to make money.

• Next, what fees or minimum requirements are involved? If your money would make $10 more in interest per year in a high-yield account but you need to tie up funds that could be working harder elsewhere, then it’s probably not a money-wise move.

Factors to Look For in a High-Yield Checking Account

If you’re shopping for a high-yield checking account, consider these factors:

Interest Rate

Of course, you will likely want to shop around and see what are the highest rates available for a checking account. Currently, the highest rates are 5.00% or slightly higher.

Minimum Balance

With this kind of checking account, you may be required to make a specific size of deposit to open the account. You may also need to keep a certain balance in order to earn the high interest rate or to avoid fees. If that’s the case, make sure you can meet that number.

Fees

In addition, when opening a checking account, be sure you understand what fees might be charged. These can include maintenance, overdraft, ATM, and foreign transaction fees, among others. You’ll probably want to avoid being charged fees so that they don’t eat away at the interest you are earning. Online banks may be more likely to waive such fees.

How to Qualify for High-Yield Checking Accounts

In order to qualify for a high-yield checking account — and actually get the benefits — you’ll need to be able to fulfill whatever that account specifies as far as transaction requirements or minimum opening deposits.

In addition, if your banking history is marked by overdrafts and other negative factors, this may be reported by ChexSystems, which is kind of like a credit score bureau but for banking. If you have many negative factors (unpaid fees, say, or many overdrafts), you may not be able to qualify for a high-yield checking account — or other types of deposit accounts, either. (If your ChexSystems report contains errors, you can always dispute false information with ChexSystems online.)

How to Open a High-Yield Checking Account

Now that you know what it is, you may wonder how to open a high-yield checking account. The process is similar to opening any other type of account. You’ll be asked to provide:

• Basic personal information, such as your name and address

• Proof of address (such as a utility bill)

• Government-issued photo ID

• Your Social Security number or other taxpayer identification number

In addition, your chosen bank may also require a certain minimum opening deposit, which you’ll need to provide to activate the account. The bank will offer specific details as far as what documentation is required and how to deliver it.

High-Yield Checking Accounts vs High-Yield Savings Accounts

If you are comparing high-interest checking and high-yield savings accounts, you will likely want to consider the following points:

• A high-interest checking account does generate money on your deposit, but it may come with minimum transaction or balance requirements. These could be difficult for some people to meet.

• A high-interest savings account can offer good earning power, but the number of transactions you are allowed could be limited. Although Regulation D, which limits savings accounts to six transactions a month, was largely suspended since the pandemic, some financial institutions may still apply this rule and charge fees if you conduct more transfers.

Depending on your needs, one of these may be a better option than the other. Also, it is likely to be easier to find a solid interest rate with a high-yield savings account than with the checking variety. In other words, many high-interest checking accounts don’t offer all that much earning power.

Test your understanding of what you just read.

Opening a Checking and Savings Account With SoFi

A high-yield checking account is a great way to augment whatever passive income you might earn from savings accounts, investments, and other holdings. Some interest is better than none, after all — every little bit of interest earned counts.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

FAQ

Is a high-yield checking account worth it?

This all depends on whether or not you can meet any minimum monthly transaction requirements. If you can fairly easily do so, a high-yield checking account is an easy way to earn passive income just by keeping an active bank account. But if you can’t, you might not earn any interest at all — or even pay additional fees for the account.

What is the difference between a high-yield checking and savings account?

A high-yield checking account is designed to be the hub of your financial life and typically doesn’t have any limits on the number of transactions you may make; savings accounts may restrict this. However, this kind of checking account likely pays less interest than a high-yield savings account, which may do a better job of helping you generate passive income.

Can you withdraw money from a high-yield savings account?

Yes, you can withdraw money from a high-yield savings account. However, there may be restrictions on how many transactions you can make per month. Going over that number could result in fees or the account being converted to a checking account.

What bank has the highest checking interest rate?

Currently, some of the banks offering the highest checking interest rates are Axos Bank, Presidential Bank, Heritage Bank, and Quontic Bank.

Can you ever lose your money with a high-yield savings account?

A high-yield savings account is typically a very safe place to keep your money, especially if it’s FDIC- or NCUA-insured. The risk of losing money is extremely low.

Photo credit: iStock/MicroStockHub

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
We do not charge any account, service or maintenance fees for SoFi Checking and Savings. We do charge a transaction fee to process each outgoing wire transfer. SoFi does not charge a fee for incoming wire transfers, however the sending bank may charge a fee. Our fee policy is subject to change at any time. See the SoFi Bank Fee Sheet for details at sofi.com/legal/banking-fees/.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

SOBK0324009

Mar

2025

A three-dimensional light blue percentage sign with a long shadow stands on a solid coral background.

How to Calculate Interest in a Savings Account

By Janet Siroto | Budgeting & Goals, money | Comments Off

In a world where it can seem hard to make and stretch a dollar (hello, inflation!), isn’t it nice to know that there’s a way to earn money without any effort? That would be by collecting interest on a savings account. Your financial institution pays you for the privilege of using the cash you have on deposit, pumping up your wealth without the least bit of work on your part.

Knowing how to calculate interest can help you more effectively compare savings accounts. It also helps you understand exactly how much money you can earn on your money over time by keeping it in the account. What follows is a simple guide to how interest on savings accounts works.

Key Points

• Understanding interest helps individuals compare savings accounts and determine potential earnings, enhancing their financial decision-making process.

• Simple interest is calculated using the formula: Simple Interest = Principal x Rate x Time, allowing for straightforward calculations of earnings.

• Compound interest accelerates wealth growth by allowing interest to earn interest, thereby increasing the principal over time and enhancing overall returns.

• The annual percentage yield (APY) simplifies the comparison of different savings accounts by incorporating both the interest rate and the effects of compounding into a single rate of return.

• Various factors, including Federal Reserve rates and promotional offers, influence the interest rates banks provide, making it essential to shop around for the best savings account.

What Is Interest?

Interest is the amount of money that a bank pays a depositor for storing money at their institution. While the money you have on deposit remains accessible to you, the bank uses that money for other purposes, such as lending it out for a mortgage loan. One way banks can make money is via the differential between the interest they pay for money on deposit (say, 3%) and the interest they charge when someone else borrows it (say, 6% on a home loan).

Simple Interest Formula

Calculating interest on a savings account involves some not-too-complex math; in fact, it’s primarily multiplication you need to use. The formula for simple interest looks like this:

Simple Interest = P x R x T

Where:

• P stands for the principal, or the amount on deposit.

• R stands for the interest rate, expressed as an annual rate usually, in decimal form.

• T stands for time, or how long the money is held by the bank.

How Do You Calculate Interest in a Savings Account?

Now, consider how this formula could be used to calculate the interest earned on savings you deposit at a financial institution.

If you deposited $5,000 in a bank for one year at a 3.00% interest rate, the simple interest after one year would be, using the PxRxT formula:

5,000 x .03 x 1 = $150

So, by calculating savings interest, you see that you’ve earned $150. To put it another way, at the end of one year, your $5,000 would have grown to $5,150.

This, of course, represents simple interest. When putting your money in the bank today, you may well earn compound interest.

Simple vs Compound Interest

When you earn interest on the principal amount alone, such as in the example above, it’s called “simple interest.”

But the reason savings accounts can be such an effective tool for growing money is that not only is interest earned on the amount deposited, but the interest also earns interest. This is called compounding.

Depending on the account, interest may be calculated and added (or compounded) daily, monthly, or quarterly. Each time this happens, the interest earned to date becomes part of the principal, and the interest earned moving forward will be based on both the principal plus the interest earned to date. You might think of it as accelerating your money’s growth as time passes.

Example

Here’s what compound interest looks like in action, using the same $5,000 initial deposit, but a 3.00% interest that compounds on a monthly basis.

• After one month, the account would have $5,000 plus interest totalling one-twelfth of the 3.00% annual interest, or $12.50.

• The next month, the interest would be calculated on $5,012.50 ($5,012.50 plus $12.53). The month after that, the interest would be calculated on $5,025.03, and so on.

• At the end of one year, the account would have $5,152.08.

• After 10 years, monthly compounding will grow that initial $5,000 to $6,746.77, without adding a single penny more to the account.

With simple interest, you would only earn 3.00% on the original amount ($5,000) each year, or $150. With compounding, you earn interest on your principal plus any interest you’ve already earned.

Here’s a chart showing the difference simple vs. compound interest can make at a rate of 3.00% on $5,000 deposit:

Time	Simple Interest	Interest Compounded Monthly
Account opened	$5,000	$5,000
1 year	$5,150	$5,152.08
5 years	$5,750	$5,808.08
10 years	$6,500	$6,746.77
20 years	$8,000	$9,103.77

It may not seem like compounding could make a huge difference, but adding to the principal regularly can grow your money faster. In addition, seeking out a higher interest rate can of course boost your cash faster as well.

APY vs Monthly Interest Rate

Calculating compound interest can get complex; the equation involves more complicated math. But some banks simplify an account holder’s potential earnings into a single rate called the annual percentage yield, or APY. The APY factors in both the interest rate and the effect of compounding into an actual rate of return over the course of one year. To calculate how much interest will be earned on a savings account using the APY, simply multiply the principal by the APY.

This simplicity makes APY a more helpful rate to use when comparing interest rates for different accounts or banks, because it includes the effect of compounding. Banks will usually post this information because the APY is higher than the stated interest rate. A savings account interest calculator can be helpful when calculating how much interest you’ll earn over multiple years. It also allows you to see how adding to your savings account each month can impact your earnings.

Understanding Interest Rates

In comparing savings accounts at different banks (or even within the same bank), consumers may notice that interest rates can vary with the type of account. What’s more, interest rates posted by the Federal Reserve (aka “the Fed”) may vary considerably from the interest rates banks offer their customers.

Tasked with maintaining economic stability, the Fed uses signals such as employment data and inflation to determine its rates. During economic slowdowns, the Fed typically lowers rates to reduce the cost of borrowing and incentivize individuals and businesses to spend more, stimulating the economy. Conversely, when the economy appears to be growing too quickly, the Fed may raise rates, increasing the cost of borrowing in order to slow spending.

How does this play into the interest rate consumers might earn on their own savings? There are a number of factors that determine the interest rate a bank posts:

• The target federal funds rate, set by the Fed, is one such cue.

• Banks, however, set their own interest rates and these may vary depending on factors such as promotions the bank may have in place to attract new customers or incentivize greater account balances, as well as how much work an account takes to administer.

This last factor is why checking accounts, which are often used for a higher volume of everyday transactions, often pay less interest than savings accounts, where customers are more likely to let their money sit and accrue.

• Interest rates also change over time, so the posted rate when an account is opened may not remain the same.

• Banks may also have tiered interest rates, where account holders earn different rates of interest depending how much they have in their account, or balance caps, in which an interest rate can only be earned up to a certain amount.

Recommended: Basics of a High-Yield Savings Account

What Is a Good Savings Account Interest Rate?

What is a good savings account interest rate will vary with the times. During the 1980s, the interest rates on savings accounts were around 8.00%, while from 2018 to 2021, the average was barely one-tenth of one percent, which could hardly keep pace with inflation.

As you shop around for the right account at the right rate, you may find that online banks offer some of the most competitive APYs. Since they don’t have brick-and-mortar locations, they can pass their savings on to their customers. Savings account rates are averaging 0.42% APY as of December 16, 2024, according to the FDIC. A high-yield account at an online bank, however, may pay 3.00% APY or higher.

Questions to Ask When Considering a Savings Account

It’s hard to dispute the appeal of earning money on savings. But in addition to knowing how to calculate interest on a savings account, there are other considerations that could affect the flexibility and ease with which that account will help you achieve your goals. Some account holders may find they need multiple bank accounts to meet both their everyday and long-term financial needs and goals.

Here are some things to consider.

Will You Be Penalized for Everyday Transactions?

Savings accounts typically provide higher interest rates than checking accounts because they require less work for the bank to administer since they’re not meant to be used for everyday transactions.

But savings accounts may limit the number of transactions you can make in a month, and charge a fee if you exceed the limit. The Federal Reserve’s Regulation D, which imposed a six-transaction-per-month limit, was loosened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Even so, some banks have opted to continue to impose limits on savings account transactions to six or, sometimes, nine per month. Inquire at a potential new home for your funds before opening a savings account.

Is There a Minimum Balance?

Some banks incentivize or penalize customers to encourage them to keep more money in their accounts. For example, an account may be subject to fees unless the balance is maintained above a certain amount. Tiered savings accounts provide a higher rate of interest on bank balances above certain levels.

Can the Money Be Accessed Easily?

Some types of savings accounts provide higher interest rates but limit access to your money for a predetermined earnings period. For example, a certificate of deposit (CD) is a savings vehicle that holds an investor’s money for a certain period of time. At the end of that term, the account holder is paid the original principal plus the interest earned. There may be penalties imposed on early withdrawals from a CD.

Can the Account Help Achieve Money Goals?

Earning interest is a key way a savings account can help you achieve your financial goals. If you’re saving for multiple goals at the same time — say building your emergency fund and saving for an upcoming vacation — it can be helpful to be able to know at a glance how much progress you’re making towards each goal. At some banks, you might need to open separate accounts to track each savings goal, while others may provide tools to organize your savings goals within a single account.

The Takeaway

The easiest way to calculate how much interest you’ll earn on a savings account is to multiply the account’s APY by your balance. This tells you what you’ll earn on your money over one year if you don’t make any withdrawals or deposits during that time. An online APY calculator makes it easy to calculate how much interest you’ll earn in a savings account over multiple years, taking your bank’s compounding frequency into account.

When shopping for a savings account, it’s important to not only compare APYs but also read the find print to find out if there are any balance requirements to earn the advertised APY and/or any fees that could eat into your earnings.

Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall.* Enjoy 3.30% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings with eligible direct deposit.

SoFi Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. The SoFi® Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 12/23/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

Deposits that are not from an employer, payroll, or benefits provider or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, Wise, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, or are non-recurring in nature (e.g., IRS tax refunds), do not constitute Eligible Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Eligible Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate. SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder's Eligible Direct Deposit activity to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility.

See additional details at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
*Awards or rankings from NerdWallet are not indicative of future success or results. This award and its ratings are independently determined and awarded by their respective publications.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

We do not charge any account, service or maintenance fees for SoFi Checking and Savings. We do charge a transaction fee to process each outgoing wire transfer. SoFi does not charge a fee for incoming wire transfers, however the sending bank may charge a fee. Our fee policy is subject to change at any time. See the SoFi Bank Fee Sheet for details at sofi.com/legal/banking-fees/.

SOBNK-Q125-054

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