Jun
06
2023
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What Is Net Worth and Why Should You Know Yours?

By | Debt Payoff, Financial Independence, Growing Wealth, invest, Terminology | No Comments

A person’s net worth describes their total financial value, and is calculated by subtracting their liabilities from their assets. Though we generally discuss net worth in relation to very wealthy individuals, it can be important for people who aren’t billionaires to know their net worth as well.

A person’s net worth can be an important reference point in understanding one’s financial position. Net worth can be negative, especially early on in one’s careers. But net worth can help an individual figure out how much they need to save, how much spending they need to cut back on, or how much they’ve saved for retirement.

How to Calculate Net Worth

If you’re wondering how to calculate net worth, it’s actually a simple formula:

Assets – Liabilities = Net Worth

The hard part is usually determining a person’s assets and liabilities. And a person’s assets can go beyond what they have in their checking account. In fact, a person’s assets can include a whole host of things.

Assets

Assets basically boil down to how much money you have, as well as the value of things you own. In order to know one’s net worth, estimate the value of each asset below:

•   Money in savings accounts

•   Money in checking accounts

•   Money in investing or retirement accounts. Brokerage accounts or 401(k)s are in this bucket.

•   Physical cash

•   Value from insurance policies

•   Value from business ownership or stakes

•   Value of cars

•   Valuable personal goods, like jewelry or art

•   Value of real estate, including home

Calculating the value of a home can be a task in itself. It’s important to research the value of the homes around you, the size of your home, any deferred maintenance on the home, additional benefits like parking spots, backyard space, room count, etc. There are a number of home value calculators online, too.

Recommended: Understanding Property Valuations

There are other ways to think about assets:

•   Liquid Assets: Items like stocks, bonds, mutual funds, or ETFs that are easy to sell quickly and whose sale will not greatly affect their price.

•   Fixed Assets: These are items that would take a longer time to convert to cash. These assets are often deposited for extended periods of time in exchange for high interest accrual and thus cannot be cashed before their agreed-upon time frame is up.

•   Equity Assets: Equity assets include your shares in a company, either private or public.

Intangible Assets, such as brand recognition for a company or any other intellectual property like patents, trademarks or even goodwill, are trickier to factor into your net worth due to the complexity of measuring their value.

Liabilities

Liabilities are debts. The following categories are what most often make up liabilities:

•   Auto loans

•   Student loans

•   Personal loans

•   Business loans (personally guaranteed)

•   Credit card balances

•   Mortgages

While liabilities are on the negative side of the net worth equation, it doesn’t necessarily have to symbolize something negative about your finances. For example, student loans or mortgage loans are typically seen as necessary loans that individuals take on as they reach milestones in life, like going to college, graduate school or buying a home.

Meanwhile, knowing one’s total liabilities can help with figuring out a plan to start paying off debt that has higher interest rates, like from credit card balances.


💡 Quick Tip: All investments come with some degree of risk — and some are riskier than others. Before investing online, decide on your investment goals and how much risk you want to take.

Median and Average Net Worth in US

An individual or household’s net worth isn’t set in stone, and it ebbs and flows all the time. For that reason, it can be difficult to nail down median or average net worth figures for both individuals and households in the U.S. You can find some numbers if you search for them, but they’re often several years old, and may not be accurate given the time lapse.

For instance, the Federal Reserve tracks median and average net worth data in the U.S., but generally, they do so using survey data that it publishes once every few years. So, while data from a few years ago may be fine, large-scale world events–such as a pandemic, natural disaster, recession, or similar–may have led to large changes in those numbers.

This is all something to keep in mind if you seek out average net worth numbers. It’s not that they’re inaccurate, it’s simply that the data may be hard to capture and synthesize in a reasonable amount of time.

Remember, too, that it’s important to keep abreast of your net worth because this number may fluctuate depending on factors such as stock values, interest rates, real estate trends, and other tides of the financial world. It’s important to have an idea of overall trends so you can generally understand your financial health and have an idea of your true wealth.


💡 Quick Tip: Distributing your money across a range of assets — also known as diversification — can be beneficial for long-term investors. When you put your eggs in many baskets, it may be beneficial if a single asset class goes down.

The Takeaway

True wealth can be an important factor in knowing when you might expect to retire. It’s a good idea to focus on your gains year over year, rather than the number you get at the end of the equation. If you’re concerned about your net worth or are hoping to increase it, especially for future retirement goals, then it might be helpful to consider investing.

There are a multitude of things that can have an effect on your net worth. And focusing strictly on your net worth probably shouldn’t be your focus. If you’re concerned about it, though, it may be worthwhile to talk to a financial professional.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹


INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

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Apr
11
2023
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Is Automated Tax-Loss Harvesting a Good Idea?

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing | Comments Off on Is Automated Tax-Loss Harvesting a Good Idea?

Automated tax-loss harvesting can be a tool for tax-efficient investing because it involves using an algorithm to sell securities at a loss so as to offset capital gains and potentially lower an investor’s tax bill.

Standard tax-loss harvesting uses the same principle, but the process is complicated and an advisor might only harvest losses once or twice a year versus automated tax-loss harvesting which can be done more frequently.

That said, automated tax-loss harvesting — which is sometimes a feature of robo-advisor accounts — may give investors only limited (or possibly no) tax benefits. Here’s a breakdown of whether an automated tax-loss strategy makes sense.

🛈 Currently, SoFi does not offer automated tax loss harvesting to members.

Tax-Loss Harvesting: The Basics

First, a quick recap of how standard tax-loss harvesting works. Tax-loss harvesting is a way of selling securities at a loss, and then “harvesting” that loss to offset capital gains or other taxable income, thereby reducing federal tax owed.

The reason to consider this strategy is that capital gains are taxed at two different federal tax rates: long-term (when you’ve held an asset for a year or more) and short-term (when you’ve held an asset for under a year).

•   Long-term capital gains are taxed at 0%, 15%, or 20%, depending on the investor’s tax bracket.

•   Short-term capital gains are taxed at a typically higher rate based on the investor’s ordinary income tax rate.

The one-year mark is crucial, because the IRS taxes short-term investments at the higher marginal income tax rate of the investor. For high-income earners that can be 37% plus a 3.8% net investment income tax (NIIT). That means the taxes on those quick gains can be as much as 40.8% — and that’s before state and local taxes are factored in.

Example of Basic Tax-Loss Harvesting

For example, consider an investor in the highest tax bracket who sells security ABC after a year, and realizes a long-term capital gain of $10,000. They would owe 20%, or $2,000.

But if the investor sells XYZ security and harvests a loss of $3,000, that can be applied to the gain from security ABC. So their net capital gain will be $7,000 ($10,000 – $3,000). This means that they would owe $1,400 in capital gains tax.

The differences can be even greater when investors can harvest short-term losses to offset short-term gains, because these are typically taxed at a higher rate. In this case, using the losses to offset the gains can make a big difference in terms of taxes owed.

According to IRS rules, short-term or long-term losses must be used first to offset gains of the same type, unless the losses exceed the gains from the same type. When losses exceed gains, up to $3,000 per year can be used to offset ordinary income or carried over to the following year.

What Is Automated Tax-Loss Harvesting?

Until the advent of robo-advisor services some 15 years ago, tax-loss harvesting was typically carried out by qualified financial advisors or tax professionals in taxable accounts. But as robo-advisors and their automated portfolios became more widely accepted, many of these services began to offer automated tax-loss harvesting as well, though the strategy was executed by a computer program.

Just as the algorithm that underlies an automated portfolio can perform certain basic functions like asset allocation and portfolio rebalancing, some automated programs can execute a tax-loss harvesting strategy as well. SoFi’s automated platform does not offer automated tax-loss harvesting, but others may, for example.

So whereas tax-loss harvesting once made sense only for higher-net-worth investors owing to the complexity of the task, automation has enabled some retail investors to reap the benefits of tax-loss harvesting as well. The idea has been that automated tax-loss harvesting can be conducted more often and with less room for error, thanks to the precision of the underlying algorithm — which can also take into account the effects of the wash-sale rule.

The Wash-Sale Rule

It’s important that investors understand the “wash-sale rule” as it applies to tax-loss harvesting.

What Is the Wash-Sale Rule?

The wash-sale rule prevents investors from selling a security at a loss and buying back the same security, or one that is “substantially identical”, within 30 days. If you sell a security in order to harvest a loss and then replace it with the same or a substantially similar security, the IRS will disallow the loss — and you won’t reap the desired tax benefit.

In the example above, the investor who sells security XYZ in order to apply the loss to the gain from selling security ABC may then want to replace security XYZ because it gives them exposure to a certain market sector. While the investor can’t turn around and buy XYZ again until 30 days have passed, they could buy a similar, but not substantially identical security, to maintain that exposure.

That said, it can be tricky to follow this guidance because the IRS hasn’t established a precise definition of what a “substantially identical security” is. This is another reason why automated tax-loss harvesting may be more efficient: It may be simpler for a computer algorithm to make these choices based on preset parameters.

How ETFs Help With the Wash-Sale Rule

This is how the proliferation of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) has benefited the strategy of tax-loss harvesting. Exchange-traded funds, or ETFs, are baskets of securities that typically track an index of stocks, bonds, commodities or other assets, similar to a mutual fund. Unlike mutual funds, though, ETFs trade on exchanges like stocks.

In some ways, ETFs may make tax-loss harvesting a little easier. For instance, if an investor harvests a loss from an emerging-market stocks ETF, he or she can soon after buy a “similar” but non-identical emerging-market stocks ETF because the fund may have slightly different constituents.

Because most robo-advisors generate automated portfolios comprised of low-cost ETFs, this can also support the process of automated tax-loss harvesting.

Other Important Tax Rules to Know

Tax losses don’t expire. So an investor can apply a portion of losses to offset profits or income in one year and then “save” the remaining losses to offset in another tax year. Investors tend to practice tax-loss harvesting at the end of a calendar year, but it can really be done all year.

As noted above, another potential perk from tax-loss harvesting is that if the losses from an investment exceed any taxable profits from trades, the losses can actually be used to offset up to $3,000 of ordinary income per year.

How Much Does Automated Tax-Loss Harvesting Save?

It’s hard to say whether automated tax-loss harvesting definitively and consistently delivers a reduced tax bill to investors. A myriad of variables — such as the fluctuating nature of both federal tax rates and market price moves — make it difficult to calculate precise figures.

The Upside of Automated Tax-Loss Harvesting

One study of standard (not automated) tax-loss harvesting that was published by the CFA Institute in 2020 found that from 1926 to 2018, a simulated tax-loss harvesting strategy delivered an average annual outperformance of 1.08% versus a passive buy-and-hold portfolio.

Taking into account transaction costs and the wash-sale rule, the outperformance or “alpha” fell to 0.95%.

The study found the strategy did better when the stock market was volatile, such as between 1926 and 1949, a period which includes the Great Depression. The average outperformance was 2.13% a year during that period, as investors found more opportunities to harvest losses. Meanwhile, between 1949 and 1972 — a quieter period in the market as the U.S. underwent economic expansion after World War II — tax-loss harvesting only delivered an alpha of 0.51%.

The Downside of Automated Tax-Loss Harvesting

While the research cited above identifies some benefits of tax-loss harvesting, like many investment studies it’s based on historical data and simulations of a portfolio, not real-world investments.

Another fact to bear in mind: This study does not factor in the impact of automated tax-loss harvesting, which is typically conducted more frequently — and may not deliver a tax benefit.

Indeed, in 2018 the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) charged a robo-advisor for making misleading claims about the benefits of automated tax-loss harvesting in terms of higher portfolio returns. Investors should know that there could be no or little tax savings, or even a bigger tax bill, depending on how different securities perform after they’re sold (or bought back).

For instance, if the underlying algorithm that automates trades in a robo portfolio harvests a loss from one ETF (to offset the gains from a sale of another ETF), it might then purchase a replacement ETF that’s not substantially identical, per the wash-sale rule.

If the second ETF is sold later, the gains realized from this second sale could be so high that they cancel out or be greater than the tax benefits from selling the first fund to harvest the loss.

In that case, the investor could end up paying more taxes down the road — effectively deferring, not eliminating, the tax burden.

Continuously trading assets in automated tax-loss harvesting also means an investor may incur additional costs, such as more transaction fees.

Pros of Automated Tax-Loss Harvesting

1.    Standard tax-loss harvesting is complex and time-consuming, but the benefits are well established. Therefore using automated tax-loss harvesting may be an efficient way to reap the benefits of this strategy because it can be done more automatically and consistently.

2.    To realize the benefits of tax-loss harvesting investors must obey the IRS wash-sale rule, which imposes restrictions that can be tricky to follow. In this way, an automated strategy may limit the potential for human error and may increase the tax benefits for investors.

Cons of Automated Tax-Loss Harvesting

1.    Because an algorithm performs tax-loss harvesting on an automated cadence, investors cannot choose which investments to sell and when and therefore have less control.

2.    An automated tax-loss program may not be able to anticipate a security’s future gains that could reduce or eliminate the tax benefit of harvested losses.

3.    Automated tax-loss harvesting could increase the amount an investor pays in transaction fees, which can lower portfolio returns.

The Takeaway

Automated tax-loss harvesting is a feature primarily offered by robo-advisors, which use a computer algorithm to automatically sell securities at a loss in order to potentially reduce the tax impact of capital gains realized from the sale of other securities.

While this practice can offer tax benefits in some cases, and academic studies have used portfolio simulations to gauge the potential for outperformance, it’s unclear whether automated tax-loss harvesting offers the same benefits. Because the strategy is carried out by an underlying algorithm, a computer program may not be capable of making more nuanced choices about which assets to sell and when.

Investors could potentially end up still owing capital gains taxes or paying more in transaction fees and brokerage fees.

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs): Investors should carefully consider the information contained in the prospectus, which contains the Fund’s investment objectives, risks, charges, expenses, and other relevant information. You may obtain a prospectus from the Fund company’s website or by emailing customer service at [email protected]. Please read the prospectus carefully prior to investing.

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Apr
05
2023
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401(k) Hardship Withdrawals: What Are They and When Should You Use them?

By | Growing Wealth, invest, Investing, Preparing for Retirement | Comments Off on 401(k) Hardship Withdrawals: What Are They and When Should You Use them?

A hardship withdrawal is the removal of funds from your 401(k) in response to a pressing and significant financial need. For people who find themselves in a financial bind where they need a large sum of money but don’t expect to be able to pay it back, a 401(k) hardship withdrawal may be an appropriate option.

But before making a withdrawal from a 401(k) retirement account, it’s important to understand the rules and potential drawbacks of this financial decision.

Who Is Eligible for a Hardship Withdrawal?

According to the IRS, an individual can make a hardship withdrawal if they have an “immediate and heavy financial need.”

However, not all 401(k) plans offer hardship withdrawals, so if you’re considering this option talk to your plan administrator — usually someone in an employer’s human resources or benefits department. Another way to get clarity on a particular 401(k) account is to call the number on a recent 401(k) statement and ask for help.

If a retirement plan does allow hardship withdrawals, typically you’ll be expected to present your case to your plan administrator, who will decide if it meets the criteria for hardship. If it does, the amount you are able to withdraw will be limited to the amount necessary to cover your immediate financial need.

In general, a hardship withdrawal should be considered a last resort. To qualify, a person must not have any other way to cover their immediate need, such as by getting reimbursement through insurance, liquidating assets, taking out a commercial loan, or stopping contributions to their retirement plan and redirecting that money.

What Qualifies as a Hardship?

You may be qualified for a hardship withdrawal if you need cash to meet one of the following conditions:

•   Medical care expenses for you, your spouse, or your dependents.

•   Costs related to the purchase of a primary residence, excluding mortgage payments. (Buying a second home or an investment property is not a valid reason for withdrawal.)

•   Tuition and other related expenses, including educational fees and room and board for the next 12 months of postsecondary education. This rule applies to the individual, their spouse, and their children and other dependents.

•   Payments needed to prevent eviction from a primary residence, or foreclosure on the mortgage of a primary residence.

•   Certain expenses to repair damage to a principal residence.

•   Funeral and burial expenses.

•   In certain cases, damage to property or loss of income due to natural disasters.

How Do You Prove Hardship?

A 401(k) provider may need to see proof of hardship before they can determine eligibility for a hardship withdrawal.

Typically, they do not need to take a look at financial status and will accept a written statement representing your financial need. That said, an employer cannot rely on an employee’s representation of their need if the employer knows for a fact that the employee has other resources at their disposal that can cover the need. In this case, the employer may deny the hardship withdrawal.

It’s important to note that employees do not have to use alternative sources if doing so would increase the amount of their financial need. For example, say an employee is buying a primary residence. They do not need to take on loans if doing so would hinder their ability to acquire other financing necessary to purchase the house.

How Much Can You Withdraw?

The amount a person can withdraw from their 401(k) due to financial hardship is limited to the amount that is necessary to cover the immediate financial need. The total can include money to cover the taxes and any penalties on the withdrawal.

In the past, hardship distributions were limited by the amount of elective deferrals that employees had contributed to their 401(k). In other words, employees couldn’t withdraw money that had come from their employer, and they couldn’t withdraw earnings.

However, under recent reforms, employers may allow employees to withdraw elective deferrals, employer contributions, and earnings. Employers are not required to follow these rules though, so it’s important to ask your provider which money in your 401(k) you can draw on.

What Are the Penalties of 401(k) Hardship Withdrawals?

Taking a hardship withdrawal can be a costly endeavor. You will owe income tax on the amount you withdraw, unless you are withdrawing Roth contributions.

Since you’re in your working years, your income tax bill may be considerably more than if you were to withdraw the same money after you retire. In addition, anyone under the age of 59 ½ will also likely pay a 10% early withdrawal penalty.

The IRS provides a list of criteria that can exempt you from the 10% penalty, including if you are disabled or if you’re younger than 65 and the amount of your unreimbursed medical debt exceeds 10 % of your adjusted gross income.

It’s important to know that a hardship withdrawal cannot be repaid to the plan. That means that whatever money you remove from your retirement account online is gone forever — no longer earning returns or subject to the benefits of tax-advantaged growth. The withdrawn amount will not be available to you in your retirement years.

Should You Consider a 401(k) Loan Instead?

Borrowing from your 401(k) may be an alternative to a hardship withdrawal. The IRS limits the amount that an individual can borrow to 50% of their vested account balance or $50,000, whichever is less.

However, if your vested account balance is less than $10,000, you may borrow up to that amount. There’s a reason for this: Your vested balance is the amount of money that already belongs to you. Some employers require you to stay with them for a set period of time before making their contributions available to you.

A person typically has five years to repay a 401(k) loan and usually must make payments each quarter through a payroll deduction. If repayments are not made quarterly, the remaining balance may be treated as a distribution, subject to income tax and a 10% early-withdrawal penalty.

While you do have to pay interest on a 401(k) loan, the good news is you pay it to yourself.

There are some drawbacks to taking out a 401(k) loan. The money you take out of your account is no longer earning returns, and even though it will get repaid over time, it can set back your retirement savings. Loans that aren’t paid back on time are considered distributions and are subject to taxes and early withdrawal penalties for people younger than 59 ½.

The Takeaway

A 401(k) hardship withdrawal can be an important tool for individuals who have exhausted all other options to solve their financial problem. Before deciding to make a hardship withdrawal, it’s a good idea to carefully consider the potential drawbacks, including taxes, penalties, and the permanent hit to a retirement savings account.

It’s also important to know that money in a 401(k) account is protected from creditors and bankruptcy. For anyone considering bankruptcy, taking money out of a 401(k) plan might leave it vulnerable to creditors.

Other options may make more sense, such as working with creditors to come up with an affordable payment plan, or taking out a 401(k) loan, which allows an individual to replace the borrowed income so that their retirement savings can continue to grow when the loan is repaid.

Visit SoFi Invest® to learn more about setting and meeting your financial goals for retirement.

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

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Jan
02
2023
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Do I Need a Financial Advisor? Essential Considerations

By | Growing Wealth, Investing | No Comments

Financial advisors can help their clients to define their financial goals, prioritize them, and develop a plan to achieve them. But depending on the specific individual, a relationship or level of engagement with a financial advisor can vary, as different investors have different needs.

Generally, deciding whether you need a financial advisor will come down to whether you feel you need some advice or a guiding hand in handling your finances. There are important considerations to make, too, as financial advisors don’t typically work for free — but they can help with a variety of finance-related issues.

Understanding the Role of Financial Advisors

Financial advisors can offer many services, but broadly, they’ll dissect a client’s financial picture, discuss their goals with them, and create a plan as to how to move forward.

What Financial Advisors Do

Financial advisors can help clients zero-in on specific financial goals, put together plans for investing or getting out of debt, and more.

An advisor can provide financially based education, which can help their clients identify whether they’re on track for achieving their goals. They can also help clients determine whether their habits are causing problems for their overall financial wellness.

Further, financial advisors can guide their clients through paying off debt, saving for the future, investing in a diversified portfolio, and aligning an investment approach with specific goals, timelines, and risk-tolerance levels.


💡 Quick Tip: Look for an online brokerage with low trading commissions as well as no account minimum. Higher fees can cut into investment returns over time.

Assessing Your Need and Readiness for a Financial Advisor

There are numerous things to consider when trying to determine if you’re ready or in need of a financial advisor and their services.

When to Consider Hiring a Financial Advisor

As clients make their decision about whether to use a financial advisor or not — and, if so, which one will offer what they want and need — here are some items they could consider:

•   What type of help is needed from an advisor? Education? Coaching? Management?

•   What services can the financial advisors provide?

•   How well does this match up with your specific needs?

•   How does the advisor charge? In other words, how does your advisor get paid?

•   What context can be provided about fees? How does a percentage translate into real dollars, both today and in the future?

Evaluating Net Worth, Earnings, Spending, and Financial Goals

It’s important to note that not everyone’s financial situation will warrant professional financial advice. As such, you’ll want to take some time to try and evaluate your net worth, earnings, and goals — do you feel that you can keep a grasp on those aspects of your financial picture? Or do you feel like you’re in over your head?

If you feel like you could use some advice, then it may be a good idea to reach out to a financial professional and see how they may be able to help.

Life Events and SituationsThat Warrant Professional Advice

Also keep in mind that your situation will change over time. You may get a new job, a big promotion, or a big raise — all of which can drastically change your financial situation. In such cases, if the change is significant enough, it could be a good idea to reach out for guidance.

Types of Financial Advisors and Their Services

“Financial advisor” is a broad term that describes several different specialties. Accordingly, it can be helpful to understand the different types of financial advisors out there.

Different Financial Advisor Specializations

Here are some (but not all) of the different types of advisors:

•   Certified professional planners (CFP®): CFPs are advisors who’ve earned a specific designation, and that can help people with a large range of financial services.

•   Wealth managers: Wealth managers take a broad approach to helping individuals with their finances, and typically offer a range of services.

•   Investment advisors: Investment advisors focus on providing advice and management related to investment portfolios.

•   Retirement planners: Like investment advisors, retirement planners tend to focus on a specific area of a person’s financial picture: Retirement.

Choosing the Right Type of Advisor for Your Needs

The specific type of financial advisor that is a good particular fit for any individual will vary depending on the person’s specific situation. As such, there’s no “one-size-fits-all” for financial advisors, and you’ll likely be best off giving some serious thought as to your needs, and how an advisor can help you.

It may be worth speaking with several different advisors to get a better sense of how they could help, and then making a decision as to which, if any, to work with.

Understanding Advisor Fees and Payment Structures

There are many types of fees and payment structures that may apply to financial advisors.

Commissions

When advisors are compensated on a commission basis, they receive pay based on the products they sell. The amount of commission paid can vary widely depending upon the product and the company.

Multiple arrangements can exist for advisors paid on commission, including receiving a percentage of a client’s assets before money is invested or being paid by the financial institution involved after a transaction takes place. Or, the client might be charged each time that stocks are bought or sold.

Advisory Fees

When an advisory fee is charged by the advisor, the general charge for the client is a percentage of the assets they manage. It’s reasonable to expect that an advisor can explain the reasoning behind the fee being charged, given a client’s specific circumstances — and if it’s higher than expected, it’s also reasonable to ask what added value the client is receiving.

Perhaps, for example, the advisor also helps with tax planning, or estate planning. They may be investigating a client’s financial vulnerabilities or otherwise going beyond standard money management services.

Actively managed portfolios may come with a higher fee because the advisor may charge more for putting more effort into getting the best value for their client.

Planning Fees

With this type of fee, the advisor would charge an upfront fee, or a subscription-based one, to provide either a financial plan or ongoing advice. As a potential client considers financial advisors, they may find themselves talking to someone who charges a fixed planning fee to create an initial plan and then uses a different fee structure to actually manage the portfolio. What’s most important is to be clear about what will be charged, and how.

Hourly Fees

In this case, the financial advisor charges a straight hourly fee for their services. On the one hand, having an advisor charge an annual fee means that a client may not need to worry as much that their advisor is recommending products because of the income the advisor would earn off of that recommendation.

Choosing a financial advisor that charges per hour can be costly, though, especially if more investigation needs to be done to find a product that fits a client’s needs. This may or may not be a huge concern, but if resources are limited these fees can potentially be hefty.

How to Choose the Right Financial Advisor

There’s no “right” financial advisor for everyone, but there can be some who may be better fits for your specific situation than others.

Tips for Finding and Selecting an Advisor

Starting broadly, it can be helpful to try and discern what types of services you need, or what type of advice you think would be most beneficial. From there, you’ll want to winnow down the types of advisors you’re looking for — you can review the short list above, or dig even deeper — and think about how those types of advisors can address your needs.

Then, consider the fees and costs, also as discussed. Some may not necessarily be worth the cost of retaining their services — but again, it’ll depend on the individual.

You can also look at, or search for advisors through various trade groups — there are many for financial professionals. It can be helpful to narrow down your search to a few selections, meet or interview them, and then make a decision.

Red Flags and Key Factors to Consider

A few things to look out for when you’re shopping around for financial advisors or planning services: Conflicts of interest, a lack of credentials or qualifications, and high-pressure sales tactics. While these aren’t necessarily deal-killers, they can be things to look out for. And remember, if you feel uncomfortable, you can always move on and talk to other advisors – there are hundreds of thousands of them in the U.S.!

Working with a Financial Advisor

Working with a financial advisor should be a rewarding experience. Here’s what to expect.

What to Expect in the Relationship

You should anticipate that your relationship with your advisor will be close — but not too close. They’ll take a hard look at your finances, consider your goals, and (hopefully) do their best to give you actionable advice and guidance. They may not want to get too personable, though, as emotion can enter the picture and make the process a bit murkier.

You should be ready to share fairly detailed aspects of your financial life, your career, family and personal goals, and more. That may be uncomfortable for some, but it’s important for an advisor to get the whole picture and map out a way to help you reach your goals.

The Takeaway

Financial advisors help individuals reach their financial goals by offering advice and guidance. There are many different types of financial advisors, and many different ways in which they are paid or charge for their services. As such, there’s no catch-all “financial advisor,” and not every type of advisor will be right for each individual.

For that reason, it’s important that you take the time to figure out your needs, and determine what type of advisor, if any, is the best fit for your situation. It may take some time to figure it out, but if you want the most bang for your buck, it could be worth it down the road.

Invest in what matters most to you with SoFi Active Invest. In a self-directed account provided by SoFi Securities, you can trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, options, and more — all while paying $0 commission on every trade. Other fees may apply. Whether you want to trade after-hours or manage your portfolio using real-time stock insights and analyst ratings, you can invest your way in SoFi's easy-to-use mobile app.

Opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.¹

FAQ

Is it really worth having a financial advisor?

It can be worth having a financial advisor, but it’ll ultimately depend on each individual. Some people may not feel that an advisor is worth it, while others will say the opposite – there’s no clear, one-size-fits-all answer.

Does the average person need a financial advisor?

Whether someone needs a financial advisor depends on several factors, and while many “average” people feel they can handle their finances perfectly fine without a professional, others might not.

Do I need a financial advisor for my 401(k)?

You don’t necessarily need a financial advisor for a 401(k), but they may be helpful if you want to add an element of active management into the mix. That said, not everyone will feel that they need an advisor to oversee or help manage one retirement account.

Why don’t people use financial advisors?

Some people may not want to use financial advisors because they don’t feel that they have enough money or wealth to warrant it, and because they want to avoid the fees and costs associated with professional advice.

INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE

SoFi Invest is a trade name used by SoFi Wealth LLC and SoFi Securities LLC offering investment products and services. Robo investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser. Brokerage and self-directed investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC.

For disclosures on SoFi Invest platforms visit SoFi.com/legal. For a full listing of the fees associated with Sofi Invest please view our fee schedule.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.


¹Probability of Member receiving $1,000 is a probability of 0.026%; If you don’t make a selection in 45 days, you’ll no longer qualify for the promo. Customer must fund their account with a minimum of $50.00 to qualify. Probability percentage is subject to decrease. See full terms and conditions.

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Sep
26
2022
Crypto Credit Card vs Crypto Debit Card Explained

Crypto Credit Card vs. Crypto Debit Card: Key Differences

By | Credit, credit card, Growing Wealth | Comments Off on Crypto Credit Card vs. Crypto Debit Card: Key Differences

Cryptocurrency — sometimes referred to as blockchain technology — is a hybrid between a currency and an investment. There are many different types of cryptocurrencies, with Bitcoin being the most well-known. As the popularity of cryptocurrency continues to increase, banks and other issuers are coming out with crypto credit cards and crypto debit cards.

While these two types of cards both allow cardholders to earn cryptocurrency, there are some key differences between a crypto credit card vs. crypto debit card. It’s important to understand how they differ so you can make the right choice for your financial situation.

Recommended: What is a Charge Card

What Is a Crypto Credit Card?

The term crypto credit card usually refers to a type of credit card that allows cardholders to earn cryptocurrency as a reward. Cryptocurrencies are often more volatile than other types of rewards you can earn, so make sure you’re prepared for that level of volatility before signing up for a crypto credit card.

Just like with any other credit card, crypto credit cards draw from a line of credit. Cardholders must pay back their balance in full each month in order to avoid incurring interest charges. Purchases and payments on crypto credit cards are usually made with U.S. dollars, though some cards may allow cardholders to use cryptocurrency held in an associated account.

Recommended: How to Avoid Interest On a Credit Card

How Crypto Credit Cards Work

Crypto credit cards earn rewards in a very similar way to most other rewards credit cards. With each purchase you make using the card, you’ll earn cryptocurrency.

As an example, say your crypto credit card earns 3% back at restaurants. If you make a $100 restaurant purchase, your crypto wallet will get credited with $3 of cryptocurrency.

Pros and Cons of Using a Crypto Credit Card

Especially given the volatility of cryptocurrency, there are a number of upsides and downsides to take into consideration before using a crypto credit card:

Pros of Using a Crypto Credit Card Cons of Using a Crypto Credit Card
Can earn cryptocurrency rather than other types of rewards Fewer crypto credit card options than other types of rewards credit cards
Easier way to start investing in cryptocurrency Cryptocurrencies can be volatile and/or lose value
Cryptocurrency may increase in value Can’t control the timing of your crypto investment

What Is a Crypto Debit Card?

A crypto debit card is a type of debit card that withdraws crypto directly from your wallet to make purchases. However, when you make a purchase, the merchant gets paid in fiat currency, which means a conversion must take place from your type of cryptocurrency into U.S. dollars.

Many crypto debit cards also allow you to access your cryptocurrency wallet at merchants or ATMs that don’t normally accept cryptocurrency. This can give you added flexibility and access to your cryptocurrency funds.

Additionally, some crypto debit cards also can earn cryptocurrency as rewards.

How Crypto Debit Cards Work

Like a regular debit card, most crypto debit cards operate on one of the major card networks (Visa, Mastercard, etc). This allows you to use your crypto debit card anywhere that these networks are accepted. While more and more merchants are starting to accept various forms of cryptocurrency, using a crypto debit card can give you better access to your cryptocurrency wallet.

However, note that when you pay with a crypto debit card, you’re selling some of your cryptocurrency and exchanging it for dollars. Because you may be selling at a higher or lower price than what you bought it for, this constitutes a taxable event. You’ll need to do the work of keeping track for tax purposes. Additionally, you could incur a fee for the conversion.

Recommended: Can You Buy Crypto With a Credit Card

Pros and Cons of Using a Crypto Debit Card

As you can see, there are pros and cons to this type of card. Here’s what to keep in mind when choosing crypto debit cards:

Pros of Using a Crypto Debit Card Cons of Using a Crypto Debit Card
Better access to your crypto wallet Fewer crypto debit card than other types of rewards debit cards
Opportunity to earn rewards and/or perks Cryptocurrencies can be volatile and/or lose value
More convenient to use than other crypto redemptions A debit card may be less secure than a cryptocurrency wallet
Taxes or fees may apply

Recommended: Tips for Using a Credit Card Responsibly

Differences Between a Crypto Credit Card and a Crypto Debit Card

There are a few important differences between a credit card and debit card, and it’s important to know these differences when considering a crypto debit card vs. crypto credit card. Specifically, here are the essential differences to keep in mind:

Crypto Credit Card Crypto Debit Card
Rewards Most crypto credit cards offer rewards Fewer debit cards offer rewards
Using cryptocurrency Purchases don’t spend from your crypto wallet Cryptocurrency is withdrawn from your wallet with each purchase
Credit check on application Yes No

Recommended: Does Applying For a Credit Card Hurt Your Credit Score

The Takeaway

Crypto credit cards and crypto debit cards both rely on cryptocurrency, but in different ways. A crypto debit card withdraws crypto directly from your wallet to make purchases. Purchases on a crypto credit card use a credit line issued to you in your local currency, but you may earn crypto rewards with every purchase.

If you’re looking for a non-crypto rewards credit card, you might consider a cash-back rewards credit card like the SoFi Credit Card. You can earn unlimited cash-back rewards, which you can use to invest in fractional shares, redeem for statement credit, or other financial goals you might have, like paying down eligible SoFi debt. Learn more and start earning credit card rewards today.

Apply for a SoFi Credit Card!

FAQ

Is it safe to use a crypto credit card or crypto debit card?

There are many different crypto credit cards and crypto debit cards. Look for one that is issued and branded by a reputable company. Even if you have a reputable card, know that there is still some risk, as anyone who gets your card number might also be able to access the cryptocurrency funds in your e-wallet.

Will buying crypto with a credit card amount to a cash advance?

If you want to buy crypto with a credit card, be aware that many credit card issuers will not allow you to buy directly with your card. And for those credit card issuers that do allow you to buy crypto with a credit card, the purchase may be treated as a cash advance. Cash advance transactions come with additional fees and often carry higher interest rates, so make sure you’re aware of those specifics before buying crypto with a credit card.

How are crypto credit and debit cards taxed?

Generally speaking, any time you use cryptocurrency to pay for something, you’re triggering a taxable event. This would likely include purchases made with a crypto debit card. The IRS has currently not given specific guidance on the taxability of crypto earned as a reward for purchases. Consult with your tax advisor if you’re not sure about how your crypto credit and debit cards will be taxed.

Photo credit: iStock/PeopleImages
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

SoFi Credit Cards are issued by SoFi Bank, N.A. pursuant to license by Mastercard® International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

1See Rewards Details at SoFi.com/card/rewards.


Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

1Members earn 2 rewards points for every dollar spent on purchases. No rewards points will be earned with respect to reversed transactions, returned purchases, or other similar transactions. When you elect to redeem rewards points toward active SoFi accounts, including but not limited to, your SoFi Checking or Savings account, SoFi Money® account, SoFi Active Invest account, SoFi Automated Invest account, SoFi Credit Card account, or SoFi Personal, Private Student, Student Loan Refinance, or toward SoFi Travel purchases, your rewards points will redeem at a rate of 1 cent per every point. For more details, please visit www.sofi.com/card/rewards?cardtype=c. Brokerage and Active investing products offered through SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC. SoFi Securities LLC is an affiliate of SoFi Bank, N.A.

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