Debt Consolidation Programs: How They Work

If you’re trying to pay off debt, you’ve probably looked into the variety of options that could help. If so, you’ve likely come across debt consolidation programs—and may be wondering what they are.

Debt consolidation programs can help borrowers who may be overwhelmed by debt payments by combining multiple loans into a single payment. Typically these programs are offered by credit counseling organizations. These organizations may offer guidance and financial planning in addition to helping consolidate debt.

A reputable credit counseling organization will likely incorporate guidance to help with managing debts, along with providing educational material, workshops, and other ways to help borrowers work to develop a realistic budget.

A legitimate debt consolidation program should feature counselors who are certified and trained in offering advice on consumer finance issues in order to create a personalized plan, whether it’s to address credit card debt, bad credit, or other needs.

Consolidating debt typically results in a refinanced loan, with a lower or more manageable interest rate and modified repayment terms.

According to the Federal Trade Commission , it is recommended to find a local debt consolidation program offering credit counseling in person.

You may find these accredited, nonprofit programs are offered through channels like credit unions, universities, religious organizations, military bases, and U.S. Cooperative Extension Service branches .

(It’s important to note that everyone’s debt payoff needs differ, so your mileage may vary.)

What Is a Debt Consolidation Program?

Debt consolidation programs can play two roles. For one, they help borrowers combine multiple loans into a single payment, which can make repayment less overwhelming. For another, they act as credit counselors.

With tools for loan repayment strategies and debt management, they can help lower and/or simplify monthly debt payments. These types of programs are usually managed by credit counseling companies.

It’s good to note the difference between debt consolidation programs and an actual loan opened to consolidate debt.

Qualifying consumers can use a debt consolidation loan (typically an unsecured personal loan) to combine multiple debts into a new single loan as well, possibly with a lower interest rate. But there is no counseling offered during the loan application process, and paying down the debt remains entirely the burden of the borrower.

The services outlined above can make a debt consolidation program different from other methods of consolidation or interest reduction, such as a balance transfer for a credit card, or a personal installment loan from a banking institution or lender.

Keep in mind that debt consolidation is also different from debt settlement, which is a process used to settle debts for less than what is owed.

When enrolled in a debt management program, which is one part of a debt consolidation program, a single monthly payment is sent to the credit counseling agency, which then distributes an agreed-upon amount to each credit card or loan company. The goal of the program is to act as an interlocutor for the debt between the borrower and creditor.

While most debt consolidation program companies are nonprofit organizations, nonprofit status does not guarantee services are free, or even affordable.

These organizations can, however, reach out to the lenders on behalf of the borrower to find an affordable repayment plan, which could take shape in the form of waived fees or penalties, lowering interest rates, in exchange for a specific timeline of usually three to five years for the debt(s) to be repaid.

These programs are not loans, which would come from financial institutions. Perhaps most importantly, debt consolidation programs do not make any promises to reduce the amount of debt owed.

Those are debt settlement programs, run by outside companies who negotiate payments with creditors, and can be for-profit, predatory, or may not act in the best interest of the borrower.

A debt management program, on the other hand, could help set borrowers up for future success, when it comes to how to budget and manage money, educating consumers about cutting expenses or ways to increase income in order to gradually eliminate debt.

Pros and Cons of Debt Consolidation Programs

Debt consolidation is typically most beneficial to those struggling with high monthly debt payments. Paying just the minimum balance on debts every month means it could take a long time to pay off the debt, and interest costs could continue to add to the balance. Getting rid of high-interest debts can help make it easier to pay off the principal amount of the loan.

While having a lot of debt is certainly stressful, it’s worth weighing the pros and cons of any debt consolidation program before signing up. Here are some pros and cons to ponder:

Pros
•   Multiple payments are combined into one payment, likely making it easier to pay on time.
•   Credit counseling could help a borrower get back on track with tools like budgeting and other financial advice.
•   Some programs can help negotiate lower interest rates, fees, possibly creating a more affordable payback plan. (Note: Because lowering interest rates may extend the amount of time borrowers would pay their debt off, they may end up spending more on interest in the long run.)

Cons
•   Debt consolidation programs do not reduce the principal amount of debt owed.
•   Can easily be confused for more predatory programs offered by some debt consolidation settlement companies.
•   Some programs might charge fees.

Many of the legitimate counseling companies tend to follow a similar setup process, which typically includes an interview with a counselor to go over things like income, expenses, and current bills and loans. The counselor might suggest areas where spending could be reduced and offer educational materials.

The program may also help set up a budget and will send the proposal out to creditors to agree to any new monthly payments, fees, payment schedules, interest rates or other factors, Reputable programs should only charge for set-up and a monthly fee.

It is generally recommended to take extra care with any for-profit organizations requiring a lot of upfront fees, memberships, or fees for each creditor they work with on negotiation.

There is no magic pill to reduce debt, so spending less and budgeting more have been key pillars of a healthy financial foundation.

No company should promise a quick turnaround for becoming debt-free overnight. Historically, credit repair has been a market tainted by fraud, so it’s recommended to tread carefully and do the research before signing on to any program.

Selecting a Debt Consolidation Program

One common and simple way to sign up for this type of debt management program is to contact a reputable nonprofit credit counseling agency. The U.S. Department of Justice offers a list of approved credit counseling agencies by state.

Along with ensuring the agency you’re considering is on this list, you may want to consider doing further research by asking your state attorney general and checking local consumer protection agency websites.

Debt settlement companies often try to sell themselves as the same service, so be wary and check to be sure the organization is offering financial counseling and not making promises to reduce the amount of debt owed.

Based on the interview and assessment of current income and debt, the counselor could either recommend a debt management program, or another solution which could be a personal loan, bankruptcy, or some other form of settlement.

The company should not promise any sort of quick fix or short-term solutions.

The National Foundation for Credit Counseling is responsible for certifying many of these counselors, who must complete a comprehensive training program certifying them to help and educate consumers regarding their finances.

Because most nonprofits are certified, it helps to read consumer reviews of these programs as well, to see how the company operates.

The next step is to check what services are offered and what fees will be charged, such as an initial sign-up fee and recurring monthly fee. Understanding the costs upfront is important, and can help someone avoid a possibly predatory, for-profit business.

Something else you may think to look out for: A settlement company may charge more fees initially on the promise to arrange a reduced lump sum payment of debts.

These companies often instruct consumers to stop making payments entirely on their debt, which could affect credit rating and even may cause the creditor to send the debt to a collection agency. A legitimate program should offer financial advice and counseling on ways to help reduce debt.

Paying Off Debt Independently

Rather than looking into a debt consolidation program to alleviate unwieldy monthly payments, one alternative worth considering is an unsecured personal loan, which could help reduce the overall amount of interest payments and possibly save money on interest in the long run.

While a personal loan doesn’t normally come with the counseling services offered by some consolidation programs, SoFi members also get access to complimentary appointments with SoFi Financial Planners.

This service for SoFi members can cover some of the ground offered by the certified debt counselors under the debt consolidation programs, with an initial call to talk about goals and personal finances.

The SoFi Financial Planner may cover things with members like take-home pay, monthly budgets and spending, loans and debt, and savings, and come up with some next steps.

By consolidating high-interest debt into one lower-interest personal loan, borrowers might find having a fixed monthly payment is a simpler way for them to manage debt. For someone interested in debt consolidation loans, SoFi personal loans offer various term lengths, and come without fees—unlike many debt consolidation programs.

Consolidating your debt with a personal loan can potentially allow you to pay off your debt at a lower interest rate. An unsecured personal loan could make it easier to focus on just paying down the one loan, with a single monthly payment at a fixed rate and payment amount.

Financial wellness can start with having a plan to be debt-free, and debt consolidation, whether through a certified program or a personal loan, can be one place to start.

Taking out a personal loan with SoFi means complimentary access to SoFi financial planners, and no fees required.



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Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

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Why Credit Card Debt Is So Hard to Pay Off

Ideally, you would never carry credit card debt, and you’d pay off your statement balance in full every billing cycle, by the due date. Unfortunately, that doesn’t always happen. Emergencies come up. Budgets get derailed.
If you’re having trouble paying off your credit cards, know that you’re not alone.

According to the New York Fed, as reported by NerdWallet, Americans carried an average revolving credit card debt of $6,849 at the end of 2019.

It’s not necessarily a problem to have a balance on your credit card—as long as you pay it off every billing cycle. In fact, using credit cards for rewards or to build credit can be a financially healthy choice. And getting into the habit of paying off your statement balance in full by the due date is important.

But if you start to carry a credit card balance, you’re not just paying for your purchases, you’re paying hefty interest charges on top of what you’ve spent. In fact, the average household with credit card debt paid $1,162 in interest in 2019 .

The problem is when you don’t completely pay off your credit card balance each cycle, the debt can quickly pile up, even if you’re making the required minimum payments. Understanding how credit card interest and penalties compound can help you understand how to reduce your credit card debt.

How Credit Card Interest, APR, Works

When you applied for a credit card, you likely read about the fees, terms, and annual percentage rate. The APR, which for credit cards is usually stated as a yearly rate, is the approximate interest percentage you will pay on balances not paid in full by the statement due date. APRs vary across credit cards and depend on your credit history, but on average, credit card APRs range from around 13% to 23% .

Most credit cards charge compounding interest, which means that you end up paying interest on the interest you accrue. Essentially, if you don’t pay your statement in full each billing cycle, interest is calculated continually and added onto your balance, which you then also pay interest on (in other words, it compounds).

For example, if you owe $100 and your interest is compounded monthly at 10%, then after the first month you’d owe $110. And after the second month, you’d owe $121.

Most credit card interest is compounded daily, so every day you owe money after the due date, the interest climbs. It’s easy to see how compounding interest can add up.

Interest compounds even if you make the minimum payments. That’s because if you just pay the minimum amount due on your monthly credit card bill, then the remainder of the debt still accrues interest, and it compounds until you pay the balance off completely.

If you are wondering how much interest you could pay on your debt, you can take a look at SoFi’s Credit Card Interest Calculator to find out.

What Happens When You Stop Paying Your Credit Card?

Unfortunately, you can’t just ignore credit card bills until they go away. If you stop paying your credit card, your balance can inflate quickly.

If you miss a payment or don’t make the minimum payment due on a bill, you will typically face a late fee or penalty. In addition, the amount you still owe on the credit card—whatever you haven’t paid—continues to accrue interest, and that gets added onto future bills.

If you miss more than two payments, then your interest rate will likely increase to a higher penalty interest rate . And once your credit card interest rate goes up to the penalty rate, it usually stays there until you make at least six on-time payments. Those details are laid out in your credit card contract, even if you didn’t read all the fine print.

If something does come up and you know you’re going to be late on a credit card payment, you should consider contacting your credit card company. Some credit card companies may offer plans to allow you to pay off just the interest or a portion of the payment due.

These options aren’t ideal, since the remaining debt still accumulates interest, but it may allow you to avoid having a delinquency on your credit report. After 30 days of being delinquent on credit card payments, you’ll be reported to all three major credit bureaus—and will be again, every 30 days thereafter, if you still haven’t paid.

As accounts become more and more past due, more fees can rack up and/or the credit card company could offer a settlement, or they could attempt to get a judgment against you for the total amount owed. They could also sell your debt to a collection agency as you get closer to the 120 days late mark.

To sum up: even if you always make the minimum payment due, if you’re not paying off the full credit card debt, then the remainder will accrue compounding interest. That can still add up, and the debt can start to feel insurmountable. But there are ways to lower your interest rate and get rid of your credit card debt before it ever spirals totally out of control.

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Getting Ahead of Credit Card Debt

While it can seem like a steep, uphill climb, getting out of credit card debt is possible. It might take some serious planning and commitment, but with the right tools, it’s an achievable goal.

Sometimes it can help to break it down into smaller steps so the process doesn’t seem as overwhelming. Here are some ideas for getting ahead of credit card debt:

Limiting the Use of Credit Cards

If you’re carrying credit card debt, you can try to avoid using the card while you’re getting the balance under control. Eliminating the use of your credit cards can be challenging.

Using credit cards means you’re still adding to your overall debt total, which can make it feel like you’re constantly treading water to stay afloat, instead of making progress toward eliminating your debt. One way to avoid this is to limit the use of your credit card while you take control of your debt.

Budgeting for Debt Repayment

To get serious about repaying your credit card debt, create a plan that will help you get there. One place to consider starting is revamping your budget. If you don’t have one, you may want to think about making one.

If you do have a budget, but it’s currently gathering digital dust in a spreadsheet or going unchecked in an app, it may be time to update it. Tallying up your monthly expenses and your monthly income is a good first place to start.

If you’re budgeting with a partner, including their information as well may help your budget realistically reflect your household finances. Then comes the hard part. What patterns do you see when you look at your spending habits?

To eliminate your credit card debt you may have to make some changes to your regular spending. Identifying areas where you can cut back may help you see those trouble spots. Are impulse orders on Amazon dragging you down? Overspending on new clothes? Food? Whatever it is, understanding your spending vices can help you get them under control.

As a part of this improved (or new) budget, detail your plan for reducing your debt. There are a few strategies, including the “debt avalanche” and the “debt snowball” methods.

In order to accelerate the debt repayment process, both methods encourage debt holders to overpay on certain debts each month, while making the minimum payments on all other debts.

The main difference is how each strategy organizes the debts. In the debt avalanche method, the debts are organized by interest rate. The idea here is to focus on the debt with the highest interest rate. When that debt is paid off, you’d roll the payment previously allocated to it into the payment for the debt with the next highest interest rate. You’d do this until the debts are repaid completely.

In the debt snowball method, the debts are organized by balance amount. Here, efforts are focused on the debt with the smallest balance. When that is paid off fully, payments previously allocated to that debt are rolled into the debt with the next smallest amount. Continue until all the debts are paid in full.

Both strategies have pros and cons, so consider which method you’ll be most able to stick with and create a strategy that will work for you.

Finding Help (If You Need It)

If you’re still struggling with credit card debt, consider getting help from a qualified professional. A debt or credit counselor may offer resources to put you in a better position to repay your debt. They may be able to offer personalized advice or help you create a plan to achieve your goal.

How Do You Lower Your Credit Card Interest?

In addition to crafting a debt repayment plan, if you’ve accumulated a large amount of credit card debt, then it might make sense to consolidate it all with a lower-interest loan or credit card.

Balance transfer credit cards allow you to transfer your credit card debt onto a lower-interest or no-interest card, usually for a promotional period of six to 12 months, and then pay off that card.

However, these cards often come with fees and a much higher interest rate that kicks in after the promotional period has ended. So essentially, you may be setting yourself up to face the same problem all over again unless you can pay off your debt within the promotional period.

Another option is to take out an unsecured personal loan with (ideally) a lower interest rate. Essentially, you’d use the personal loan to consolidate and/or pay off your credit card(s) balances, and then you’d pay off the personal loan.

You could choose a fixed interest rate on most personal loans, which means the interest won’t compound and the rate won’t change over the life of the loan. Personal loans just require you to make one simple monthly payment, over a set period of time (no revolving debt here); you can typically work with the lender to find a repayment timeline that works for you.

Learn more about how a SoFi personal loan may be able to help you tackle your credit card debt.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Student Loan Grace Periods: What You Need to Know

With graduation comes a fair share of celebration and changes. From grad parties to finding your first job to possibly a major move, life moves pretty fast during that first year out of school. While you’re busy setting up a new life, you may not even have time to think about those student loans you might’ve taken out for school.

When it comes to student loans, however, it’s not as easy as out of sight, out of mind. You might be busy setting up the next phase of your life, but don’t forget that your loan repayment will come calling, and likely sooner than you think.

But one possible avenue for relief is that many student loans come with a grace period. A student loan grace period can be a helpful tool—especially if you don’t have a steady source of income after college—but it’s important to pay attention to the specifics of your student loans so that you understand if you have a grace period, how long your grace period is, and what it entails.

What is a Student Loan Grace Period?

You might not have to pay your federal student loans back immediately after you graduate college. Depending on the loan type, former students may be given a six-month grace period before loan repayment starts. This “grace period” gives new graduates some breathing room before they start making student loan payments.

Without a grace period, you’d need to pay student loans back immediately. This could be challenging if you’re not yet on your feet with a steady income, post-college.

Remember, it’s not just graduation that kicks off the grace period. Grace periods for federal student loans can apply to anyone who has graduated, left school entirely, or dropped below half-time attendance.

If you have one, a grace period won’t magically end one day without notice and leave you scrambling to find out where to send your monthly loan payment. Your student loan servicer is obligated to provide you with the following information:

•   Your loan repayment schedule.
•   The date of your first payment.
•   The number of payments.
•   The frequency of payments.
•   The amount of each payment.

A grace period can provide an opportunity for borrowers to plan for the future. How you use your grace period can make a difference in your ability to pay down your student loans later on. Establishing yourself in the workforce and earning a regular income can be helpful, but try not to worry so much if that doesn’t happen immediately after college.

Finding a job after college might require a bit of hustle. Some people may find themselves filling out countless job applications, networking, participating in a post-graduation internship, or relying on side hustles to start earning money.

As you prep your resume and polish off your interview skills, it can be tempting to push the thought of student loans to the back burner. But your grace period can provide a valuable reprieve that could give you a bit of breathing room to sort through financial obligations and determine a repayment plan.

Here are a few more ins and outs of student loan grace periods so you can enter the “real world” with your best foot forward.

You May Have a Longer Student Grace Period Than You Think

Not all grace periods fall within the six-month range. Your grace period could be longer than six months or you might not have a grace period at all. It all depends on your lender and the types of loans you have.

Direct Unsubsidized and Direct Subsidized student loans have a six-month grace period. Interest accrues from the time the loan is disbursed and will continue to accrue during the grace period on unsubsidized loans. Borrowers with subsidized loans generally will not be responsible for accrued interest during the grace period.

The grace period on Federal Perkins loans can vary. The Perkins loan program expired in 2017. Borrowers with existing Perkins loans can check with their loan servicer or the school that made the loan to get more information about the repayment plans available to them.

Federal PLUS loans for graduate or professional students don’t have a grace period, but graduate or professional student borrowers receive an automatic six-month deferment when they drop below half-time enrollment, leave school, or graduate. During this deferment, borrowers are not required to make payments but interest will continue to accrue.

Parents who borrowed PLUS Loans to pay for their child’s education are able to request a six-month deferment when their child drops below half-time enrollment, leaves school, or graduates.

Some federal student loan grace periods can be extended even longer, for active duty military for instance.
What about private student loans? Typically, private lenders don’t offer grace periods, but options will vary from lender to lender. Some lenders, however, may offer a six-month grace period.

For example, SoFi will honor the first six months of any existing grace period of the loans you refinance. With other lenders, payments may begin as soon as the loan is disbursed. The terms of the loan should specify what grace period, if any, is available.

You Might Not Owe Interest During Your Student Loan Grace Period

A grace period can be a welcome break from making payments, and on some loans, hitting pause won’t lead to additional interest. But depending on the type of loan you have, this isn’t always the case. Certain loans will continue to accrue interest during the grace period.

Direct Subsidized Loans (sometimes known as Stafford Loans), Grad PLUS, and Perkins loans don’t accrue interest during the grace period. That means that you won’t have six months’ worth of interest added to the life of your loan that accrued during your grace period.

But if you have Direct Unsubsidized Loans, your interest will begin to accrue when the loan is disbursed and will continue to accrue while you are in school and during your grace period.

By the time you’re ready to make your first payment, your balance will be slightly higher than it was when you took out your loan (unless you’ve made interest-only payments).

At the end of the grace period, any unpaid interest is capitalized on Direct Subsidized loans (same goes for Grad PLUS loans and their deferment period). This means that the accrued interest is added to the total outstanding balance of these loans.

Interest payments calculated after this will use the new, capitalized balance. This means you’d be paying interest on top of interest, unless you make interest payments of course! For private loans, check with the specific lender regarding their policy.

Extending Your Student Loan Grace Period is Possible (in certain situations)

There are certain situations in which your grace period on a federal student loan may be extended. These depend on the loan type, but generally include:

•   If you’re serving in the military and are deployed on active duty for more than 30 days before your grace period ends. In that case, you’ll receive a reinstated six month grace period when you return from active duty.
•   If you re-enroll in school even part-time before your student loan grace period ends, you won’t be required to pay your student loan back while in school. When you finish or drop below half-time attendance, you’ll receive a six month grace period.

Consolidating your federal student loans with a Direct Consolidation loan during the grace period will eliminate the time remaining on the grace period. You’d then be responsible for repaying the Direct Consolidation when it’s disbursed. Generally, the first payment is due about two months after the loan is disbursed.

There are options available to federal student loan borrowers who might want to pause repayments after the grace period ends. During certain periods of financial hardship, borrowers might consider applying for deferment or forbearance. These options allow borrowers to temporarily pause payments on their loans.

Depending on the type of loan you have, interest may or may not accrue during deferment. You can take a look at this article for an in-depth explainer of the differences between deferment and forbearance.

Choosing How to Handle Your Student Loan Grace Period

If you decide that the pros of the student loan grace period outweigh the cons, you could use that payment-free time to start setting aside funds for later. During your grace period you can:

•   Use a student loan calculator to estimate your monthly payments.
•   Work with your lender/servicer to see what your actual payments will be.
•   Make it a goal to try and put away at least a partial amount each month.

If you get used to living on a budget that doesn’t include your student loan payment, you may be setting yourself up for future stress. Instead, you could consider:

•   Waiving the grace period and starting student loan payments immediately. If you have enough wiggle room in your budget, you can start paying your loans down immediately. Since your loan wouldn’t be accruing unpaid interest during the grace period, it could lead to savings in the long term.
•   Setting aside a part of your monthly paycheck to start paying down the interest. If your budget doesn’t allow for monthly payments yet, you could try saving what you can to pay off some of the interest on your student loans during the grace period. Even a small contribution can make a difference.
•   Making payments that even just cover your loan’s interest during that time could help you avoid having a higher balance than when you graduated (due to pesky capitalized interest, discussed above).

Finding your federal student loans can be a challenge in and of itself. If you want to track down your loan to confirm the grace period or make interest-only payments during it, you can take a look at the National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS).

This site is operated by the U.S. Department of Education and can provide a comprehensive overview of a borrower’s federal student loans, including the loan servicer assigned to each loan.

Grace periods are all about giving you some financial space. If you have the room in your budget to make interest-only payments during the grace period, it could help keep you on track to pay off your loans even sooner. It’s a small sacrifice now that could potentially make a difference later.

But if your budget doesn’t allow for any payments during your grace period, don’t sweat it. Your grace period is there for a reason, to give you some breathing room while you sort things out financially.

Some Ways Student Loan Refinancing Can Help

Unlike using a Direct Consolidation Loan, refinancing your student loans doesn’t automatically mean that you’ll have a shorter grace period.

Refinancing is when a private lender pays off your loans and gives you a brand new loan. Refinancing with a private lender could potentially result in a lower interest rate or more favorable terms.

If you are managing a number of student loans, refinancing may help to simplify your life by giving you one loan to pay, instead of multiple loans to remember.

However, not all private lenders will honor your federal student loan grace period—if you choose to refinance during your grace period, you may have to begin repayments as soon as the refinance loan is disbursed.

Some private lenders will still honor your six-month grace period, and SoFi is one of them. If you want to get ahead of those student loan payments, and are searching for a lower rate and more flexible terms, refinancing might be worth considering.

A grace period can be a helpful time to pause and consider your finances. As a recent graduate, you probably have a lot on your plate as you find your footing in your career and figure out how to become an adult in the working world. Part of adulting might include creating a student loan repayment plan.

If you’re considering refinancing, take a look at SoFi. You can find out if you prequalify in a few minutes.
An important thing to note: Refinancing your federal student loans with a private lender will eliminate them from federal benefits and protections—like deferment, forbearance, and income-driven repayment plans—so refinancing won’t be right for everyone.

Don’t let your grace period’s end catch you off guard. If you plan ahead, and plan for future payments, you could end up on more solid financial footing.

Thinking about refinancing, but don’t want to eliminate the loan’s grace period? SoFi honors the first six months of any existing grace periods on refinanced loans. Find your rate today!


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If you are a federal student loan borrower, you should consider all of your repayment opportunities including the opportunity to refinance your student loan debt at a lower APR or to extend your term to achieve a lower monthly payment. Please note that once you refinance federal student loans you will no longer be eligible for current or future flexible payment options available to federal loan borrowers, including but not limited to income-based repayment plans or extended repayment plans.


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Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.


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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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Credit Card—and Credit Card Debt—FAQs

If you’re having trouble getting out of credit card debt, you’re not alone. According to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Center for Microeconomic Data , household debt is higher than ever before. In the last quarter of 2019, household debt increased by $193 billion (1.4%). This marked the 22nd quarter in a row that household debt increased.

The current total is $1.5 trillion more than the country’s previous household debt peak in the third quarter of 2008. And credit card balances increased by $46 billion.

While these statistics provide a snapshot-view of what’s happening in many households across the United States, what probably matters most to you is finding ways to manage your own debt. To help, this post will provide some answers to frequently asked questions about credit cards and associated debt.

What Are (some of) the Benefits of Having a Credit Card?

There are a variety of advantages when it comes to credit cards, including that you:

•   don’t need to carry as much cash with you
•   can track your purchases
•   can make larger purchases
•   can benefit from reward programs and other discounts
•   can build your credit score with responsible use
•   have access to emergency funds when needed
•   can use your card to secure a hotel room, rental car, and so forth

Although this is not intended as a complete list of benefits, and credit cards are not for everyone, it does contain many of the significant advantages of having a credit card.

What Are (some of) the Disadvantages of Having a Credit Card?

Although the convenience of credit cards is significant, it’s possible for these cards to become a little bit too convenient. Some people believe that as long as they can make their minimum monthly payments on their credit card debt, they’re in good financial shape. In reality, though, making minimum payments isn’t usually enough. Typically, it can cause debt to increase because of compounding interest.

For example, let’s say you’ve got a balance of $5,000 on your credit card; the interest rate is fixed at 16.71%, and you’re paying $100 monthly. At that pace, it would take you five years-plus to pay off your original debt of $5,000, with an additional $3,616 in interest alone. That’s a simplified hypothetical, but if you’d like to get an idea of how much you may be paying back on your own credit card debt, you can use SoFi’s credit card interest calculator.

Another disadvantage of credit cards is that your account numbers can be stolen, leading to potentially serious identity theft problems. Plus, these thieves can use your account information to rack up charges and it can be a real hassle to address this issue.

Choosing the Right Credit Card for Your Situation?

Those who use a credit card responsibly might find it worthwhile to check around to find a card that offers the rewards they’d use and benefit from. These rewards can include frequent flyer miles, loyalty points, cash back, and so forth.

If you don’t typically pay off your balance in full each billing cycle, however, then credit card rewards might not be worth it since they typically have higher rates or annual percentage rates (APRs).

If you often carry a balance on your credit cards, then it could make sense to shop around for the best interest rate. These cards probably won’t have all of the extras that come with reward cards, but they could help you accrue less interest.

If you’re just building your credit or need to repair your credit score, a secured card may be worth considering. This functions like a typical credit card except that you’d need to put a deposit into the bank to serve as a backup.

If you close the account with your credit in good standing or you improve your credit to the degree that you’d qualify for an unsecured credit card, then the deposit is returned.

As another option, you can load a prepaid credit card with a certain amount of money, through cash, direct/check deposits, or online transfers from a checking account. You can use that card until the funds are used up.

Although this can make sense in certain circumstances, perhaps because of a challenging credit history, this type of card doesn’t help you to build or repair credit, and can come with plenty of fees.

Fees for prepaid credit cards can include a monthly fee, individual transaction fees, ATM fees, reload fees, and more. If you go this route, compare options to get the best deal.

Here’s the bottom line on this FAQ. What’s most important is to find a credit card that dovetails with your needs and usage patterns.

Using a Balance Transfer Credit Card

Balance transfer cards can allow you to consolidate your credit card debt onto a card that, for an introductory period, comes with a low or zero-interest rate. Sometimes, these low-to-no-interest credit cards make good sense.

For example, if you have a balance on a high interest credit card and you are anticipating a bonus or tax return in a couple of months, then it can make sense to pay off the high interest card with a zero-interest one, and then pay off that credit card with your bonus or tax return before the introductory period is up.

Or, if you want to make a larger purchase and have planned your budget in a way that allows you to pay off the balance during your zero-interest period, that might also work out well.

Problems with no-interest credit cards can include that, if you don’t pay off the balance in your introductory period then the card reverts to its regular interest rate that can be quite high. Plus, in some cases, if you don’t pay off the entire balance within the introductory period, you’ll owe interest on the original balance transfer amount.

Sometimes, there are balance transfer fees that can make this strategy more expensive than if you hadn’t transferred a balance in the first place.

If you have outstanding credit card debt that you aren’t paying in full each month—and if a balance transfer credit card doesn’t seem like the right strategy for you—here’s another idea to consider: a credit card consolidation loan.

What Is a Credit Card Consolidation Loan?

A personal loan, sometimes referred to as a credit card consolidation loan, is an unsecured installment loan with fixed or variable interest rates. It is ideally repaid in the short term (e.g., three to five years), and it can be used to consolidate credit card debt and hopefully offers a lower interest rate than your current credit card(s)interest rate. Your loan payments include both principal and interest.

OK, a credit card loan’s correct name is a credit card consolidation loan, which is just another name for an unsecured personal loan. How is a personal loan different from other types of loans?

A personal loan is an unsecured loan. Unlike a mortgage, there is no collateral attached to or “secured” for a personal loan. For example, if you take out a mortgage loan, your home becomes the collateral for your mortgage. If you default on your mortgage, your lender can then own your home.

With most personal loans, there is no underlying collateral required. When a loan has no collateral, it means it’s unsecured. Since the lender assumes more risk with an unsecured loan (given there isn’t a home to repossess should a borrower default), the interest rate on a personal loan is usually higher than the interest rate on a secured loan.

Considering a Personal Loan?

If you have credit card debt and want to lower your monthly payments and get a better interest rate than you currently have, a personal loan can be worth considering, since it can enable you to consolidate your credit card debt. Instead of paying off multiple credit card balances, consolidating your credit card debt into a personal loan means you can just make one convenient monthly payment.

Over the last year, the average credit card interest rate has hovered around 10% is just a small bump, however, and taking on more debt is not typically ideal—especially if you start adding to the credit card(s) balance(s) you zeroed out with a personal loan. . Personal loans can come with lower rates, especially for borrowers with strong credit histories and income, among other factors that vary by lender.

Credit scores are typically one of the main factors considered by lenders when reviewing applications for personal loans. So, it can make sense to know your score before you apply; in general , a FICO® Score between 740-700 is considered “very good” while 800-850 is considered “exceptional.” .

To get a rough estimate of how much you might be able to save by consolidating your credit card debt with a personal loan, you can take a look at SoFi’s personal loan calculator.

In sum, a personal loan can help you by offering a lower interest rate than what you have for your existing credit card debt. The interest rates on personal loans are often much lower than the interest rates on credit cards.

This means that if you consolidate your credit cards into one lower-rate loan, for short and fixed term, you could reduce the total interest you’d pay on the debt and have an opportunity to pay off your debt more quickly.In some circumstances, adding a personal loan could also be beneficial for your credit score.

Why? Because having a mix of credit types can help your score; with the FICO® Score, for example, your “credit mix” accounts for 10% of your base score—and, if you consolidate your credit card debt (considered “revolving” credit) with a personal loan (“non-revolving” credit) and you keep your credit card open, you now have a mix of revolving and non-revolving forms of credit.

10% is just a small bump, however, and taking on more debt is not typically ideal—especially if you start adding to the credit card(s) balance(s) you zeroed out with a personal loan.

Borrowing a Personal Loan

Applying for a personal loan with SoFi is typically a simple and fast process. Loan eligibility takes into consideration a few different personal financial factors, including credit history and income . If you’re interested in applying for a personal loan with SoFi, you can review the eligibility requirements for more information—and see your rates in just two minutes, before you even apply.

SoFi offers loans up to $100,000 with low fixed interest rates, no prepayment penalties and no fees required. SoFi also offers unemployment protection to qualifying members who lose their job through no fault of their own. If you have questions while applying for a loan online, you can contact SoFi’s live customer support 7 days a week.

Interested in exploring a credit card consolidation loan with SoFi? Learn more.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


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Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.


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Your Guide to Handling High-Interest Debt

When a person takes on debt—whether it’s a student loan, mortgage, car loan, or credit card balance—they’re likely paying interest on that debt. This is a charge paid to the lender for the opportunity to borrow money. But interest rates aren’t all created equal.

In some cases, borrowers could find themselves stuck with high-interest debt, which can add up faster than they may realize. If you happen to be stuck with high-interest debt, don’t despair. The worst thing a borrower can do is ignore the situation and fail to make payments.

A borrower may have options for lowering interest rates and getting payments under control. Depending on the type of debt, that could mean consolidating debt, or perhaps even taking out a personal loan. Here’s what a borrower could do if they’re struggling with high-interest debt:

Identifying High-Interest Debt

The first step to tackling high interest debt is figuring out if you have it. Inputting every debt currently owed into a spreadsheet might be a good start. In the first column would be the current amount owed on each debt. In the next column could be the annual percentage rate (APR) for each debt. Then, the debts can be sorted from the one with the highest interest rate to the one with the lowest interest rate.

How High-Interest Debt Can Dent Finances

High interest rates can be sneaky. A borrower may have taken out a loan without paying close attention to the fine print. They may have signed up for a credit card with a 0% introductory interest rate, only to have the rate shoot up after the introductory period. Or they may have opted for a loan with a variable interest rate, which often starts out relatively low but can increase dramatically over time.

High-interest debt can seriously hurt finances. By sucking up any extra cash and increasing debt-to-income ratio, it can potentially prevent someone from achieving certain life goals, such as buying a home, saving for retirement, or traveling. If payments become unmanageable, a borrower may risk going into default, which could set them up for a hit to their credit score or even bankruptcy and garnished wages.

Personal Loan CalculatorPersonal Loan Calculator

Options for Handling High-Interest Rates

Depending on the type of loan, here are some options for tackling those high-interest rates:

Student Loans

Whether it’s federal or private student loans, a borrower might be able to get a better interest rate if they refinance those loans, especially if they have a good credit score and solid income (among other factors that will vary by lender). Refinancing means consolidating all student loans—both private and/or federal—into a new loan with a (hopefully lower) interest rate through a private lender.

Keep in mind that refinancing federal student loans with a private lender means they will no longer be eligible for federal loan protections and perks like deferment or forbearance and income-driven repayment plans. So student loan refinancing won’t be right for everyone.

Credit Cards

Credit cards usually have the highest interest rates of all unsecured debt types—as of March 2020, the average APR for credit cards is above 21% . Borrowers who are stuck with a high balance on a credit card plus a high rate might want to consider a personal loan to pay it off.

An excellent credit score and steady employment might help a borrower qualify for a low-rate personal loan. Choosing a lender that doesn’tabove 21%
t charge origination fees or prepayment penalties could help to avoid extra charges.

Fixed (hopefully much lower) interest rates compared to credit cards and set repayment terms typical to personal loans can be helpful when looking for relief from the high-interest credit card debt burden, too.

Mortgages

If average mortgage interest rates have fallen, it may be a good idea to look into refinancing a mortgage. If eligible for mortgage refinance, a borrower may be able to lower their interest rate or pay off a mortgage faster. Shopping around for the best rate and considering lenders with cash-out refinancing options might be a good start.

Common Debt Repayment Strategies

No matter the interest rate, it’s often in a borrower’s best interest (get it?) to pay down debts in an effort to lead a debt-free lifestyle. Of course, if multiple debts are looming, it can be an overwhelming challenge to tackle.

Instead of giving up and declaring debt unconquerable, a borrower can follow one of the common debt repayment strategies listed below.

The Avalanche Method

With the avalanche method, a borrower can review the debt spreadsheet mentioned above to identify high-interest debts. While making minimum payments on all debts as required, a borrower can funnel extra money toward the debt with the highest interest rate first until it’s paid off, and then allocate that extra money to other debts in subsequent order of interest rate until those are paid off.

The logic behind this method is that, by saving money on the high interest rates, it should be easier to pay off lower-interest debts (and meet other financial goals) more quickly, even though the highest-interest debt may not be the loan with the largest balance. And while that’s a solid strategy, there is another common method that might sound better. (Yes, it also has a snow-related metaphor.)

The Snowball Method

The debt snowball method is another popular debt repayment strategy, but this one takes a different tack than the avalanche method above. Whereas the avalanche starts with the highest-interest loan, the debt snowball starts with the loan with the lowest total balance.

For instance, if a borrower has a credit card with just a few hundred dollars on it, then they’d start with that before moving onto the bigger debts, like student loans or a mortgage.

The logic behind this method is all about internal motivation. Reaching a money-related goal might make it easier for borrowers to motivate themselves to stick to an overall debt repayment plan. Since a smaller debt is a more manageable goal in the short term, paying off the smallest debt first could be a good way to get the snowball rolling, so to speak.

It might also be a more realistic strategy if a borrower doesn’t have a lot of extra money to throw at making large payments toward the highest-interest debt (but will still make all required minimum payments, of course).

Debt Consolidation: How Does It Work?

In some ways, debt consolidation might sound counterintuitive, because it does involve taking out more debt when a borrower already has multiple existing loans.

Basically, debt consolidation is a debt repayment method in which a borrower takes out another line of credit or debt with the express purpose of paying off existing debts. For example, instead of paying separate credit card bills, a borrower could take out a personal loan that would cover the balances on all other debts and pay them in full, then the borrower would repay only the personal loan.

This could be a significant financial improvement for a number of reasons. For one thing, it’s simply easier on a logistical level: When you’re dealing with multiple debts that are all due at different times of the month, it’s all too easy to accidentally miss a payment and fall behind.

But aside from keeping stress at bay every few weeks, debt consolidation could actually save you money. Let’s take a closer look at the example we outlined above, in which three existing debts are consolidated.

One common way to go about debt consolidation is to take out an unsecured personal loan in an amount that will cover existing debts. (There are other methods, however; for instance, some people perform a balance transfer from existing high-interest credit cards to a new credit card offering a promotional 0% interest rate.)

SoFi offers personal loans with competitive rates and, unlike many other lenders, SoFi loans don’t come with a bevy of hidden fees. That said, debt consolidation isn’t the only option when it comes to finding a way to ease a debt burden. After all, an unsecured personal loan is still a debt, although ideally a debt with better rates and terms than a credit card.

Refinancing

Instead of taking out another line of credit to cover multiple existing loans, with refinancing a borrower is taking out a new loan to cover one specific debt, often a mortgage or a student loan.

The power behind this financial move is pretty simple: If a borrower’s credit score or other qualifying factors have improved since the time they took out the original loan(s), they could be eligible for a loan with a more reasonable monthly payment or a lower interest rate. That could make it easier and/or faster to go through the snowball or avalanche methods described above, or simply to save up more money for other financial goals.

SoFi offers student loan and mortgage refinancing, as well as a broad range of other financial products that could help money woes back on track.

Struggling with a high interest rate? Refinancing with SoFi could help you get your debt under control. Learn more!


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
If you are a federal student loan borrower, you should consider all of your repayment opportunities including the opportunity to refinance your student loan debt at a lower APR or to extend your term to achieve a lower monthly payment. Please note that once you refinance federal student loans you will no longer be eligible for current or future flexible payment options available to federal loan borrowers, including but not limited to income-based repayment plans or extended repayment plans.


Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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