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Guide to Automatic Investment Plans

An automatic investment plan is pretty much what it sounds like: It’s an account, app, or platform that enables you to make regular investments, automatically.

Automatic investment plans (sometimes called AIPs) can be an excellent way to save and invest steadily over time, because you can set up your plan in advance and then leave it more or less to run on its own — until your needs or goals require a change.

What Is an Automatic Investment Plan?

An automatic investment plan might include a workplace retirement plan like a 401(k), a robo advisor or automated portfolio, a dividend reinvestment plan, as well as other options. What these programs have in common is they give investors the ability to choose an amount they want deposited, the timing of the deposits (e.g. weekly, quarterly), and in many cases which types of investments to fund.

The rise of sophisticated technology and algorithms have helped make automatic investment plans more accessible and secure, as well as more customizable. Investors can direct money to be withdrawn from their paycheck or from a personal account on a biweekly basis, for example, and invested in a retirement portfolio. It’s part of the growing trend around automating your personal finances.

Types of Automatic Investment Plans

While using automatic investment plans for retirement is a common scenario, there are others — including the option to choose more- or less-automated types of investment products or preset portfolios.

Among the different types of automatic investment accounts, or accounts that can be funded automatically:

•   Automatic transfers to a 401(k), 403(b), or personal IRA accounts

•   Automatic transfers to a 529 college savings plan

•   Using a payment app that rounds up certain transaction amounts and deposits the difference into an investment portfolio automatically

•   A dividend-reinvestment plan (DRIP) which helps investors reinvest their cash dividends automatically

Types of Automated Investment Products

There are also different types of funds or automated portfolios (sometimes called robo advisors) which investors can use as part of an automatic investment plan.

•   Target date funds can provide investors with a long-term retirement or college savings portfolio. These funds are typically based on an allocation of different asset classes that adjust automatically to become more conservative over time, until the person needs to withdraw the funds.

•   A robo advisor, or automated portfolio, is a preset portfolio typically of low-cost exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Investors use an online platform to fill out a questionnaire about their preferences, goals, risk tolerance and time horizon. The securities and the allocation in each portfolio are generally fixed, but investors can typically choose from different portfolios that match their risk tolerance and time horizon.

How Does an Automatic Investment Plan Work?

The “automatic” part of an automatic investment plan can refer to the automated deposit of funds, usually on a regular schedule. But it’s not just a way to automate your savings. It can also refer to stock dividends being reinvested automatically, or automated mutual funds (like target-date funds), or robo portfolios, as noted above.

If you consider automated investing 101, the foundation of almost all automatic investment plans is the use of technology to ensure the regular deposit of funds in a portfolio that reflects an investor’s needs and goals. While some people might view these options as “hands-off” or “set it and forget it” — and they can simplify a number of investment choices for investors — using an AIP doesn’t mean your money is on autopilot.

Investors will always need to pay some attention to any kind of investment plan, but that said many AIPs do offer investors some advantages.

Benefits of an Automatic Investment Plan

Most brokerages and workplace plans offer some kind of automated options for investors these days. The reason being that behavioral research has repeatedly shown that investors are prone to make emotional choices under certain circumstances (for example, when the market is volatile).

Automated plans provide basic guardrails that can help keep investors on track, investing steadily over time, rather than reacting impulsively to trends or headlines and trying to time the market.

Dollar Cost Averaging

Another benefit of automated plans is that they are designed so that you invest the same amount at regular intervals. This strategy, known as dollar cost averaging, is important for a couple of reasons:

•   Automating deposits may help build wealth over time, because you’re less likely to spend that money once it’s invested.

•   Dollar cost averaging is the practice of investing consistently over time, whether the market is up or down, which can lower the average cost of your investments.

Time Savings

Another advantage of using an AIP is that it can save you time and energy, especially if researching or managing investments is not your strong suit.

Types of Investments to Automate

These days automatic investment plans are available for a range of goals. As discussed earlier, you can choose to automate your retirement savings, your personal investment portfolio in a taxable account, a 529 plan, stock dividends, and likely other options as well.

These kinds of AIPs can compliment other aspects of financial automation that you may already be using: from budgeting and saving to paying bills.

The financial landscape is evolving rapidly, as anyone who follows crypto or DeFi (decentralized finance) knows. The types of investments you can automate today will no doubt expand tomorrow.

Is Automated Financial Planning Right for You?

In general, automatic investment plans may work for people who want to be on top of their finances, but may not have the time or the inclination for detailed investment management.

In that way, the convenience and lower cost of most automated investment plans and robo platforms can help newer investors (or less involved investors) get started. Investors who aren’t comfortable with relying on technology may not want to invest using automated systems.

That said, automated investing isn’t a strategy for avoiding money management or financial planning completely. Most investors’ portfolios and financial plans include details or circumstances that require human insight or input. Estate planning, owning a small business, or prioritizing among multiple goals, for example, can get complicated quickly.

Although it can be simpler to automate some parts of the investing or financial planning process, a human advisor can help ensure that you aren’t missing anything. Also, investors who use automated portfolios have less control over their investments.

Fortunately, automation here can also work in your favor: You can set alerts to remind you when certain withdrawals are being made.

Starting an Automatic Investment Plan

Starting an automatic investment plan is pretty straightforward. You first want to identify the primary goal for using an automated platform.

•   Do you want to save for retirement at work, or is this a personal retirement account?

•   Do you want an automated investment portfolio that’s preset, like a robo advisor? Or do you want to set up your own portfolio?

•   Do you own dividend stocks, and does it make sense to set up a dividend reinvestment plan?

Then, as you explore a few different options, you want to consider the following:

•   Is it a reputable platform, account, or app? Hint: Most online brokerages and financial firms offer a few automated options, so it may be possible to stay with your current provider.

•   Is the platform easy to use?

•   What are the fees?

Using an Automatic Investing Plan

Using an AIP is generally self-explanatory because generally these programs were created for investors who want a streamlined experience. Once your account is open, you typically set up a direct deposit of funds, and select the investments you want in your plan.

If you’re working with a financial advisor, they can help insure that the platform you choose will support the rest of your financial plan. If you’re flying solo, you can begin to do research into how your automatic investment plan works together with other goals.

Automated Investing With SoFi

One of the best things about automated financial planning is that you can be as hands-off (or hands-on) as you choose. Using an automatic investment plan these days provides a number of options, including active investing, retirement, and robo advisor options.

With SoFi’s automated investing platform, we help you explore your risk tolerance, and from there you can select a portfolio that matches your needs. Whether you’re saving for retirement, a down payment, or just investing for later, you can make a plan to tackle multiple goals.

See why SoFi is this year’s top-ranked robo advisor.

FAQ

How do you automate an investment strategy?

You can find an automatic investment plan (AIP) that will match your goals and help you set up or fund a portfolio. That said, you can’t automate your entire investment strategy: Ideally, an AIP would be a tactical piece that fits into your overall strategy.

How often should I auto-invest?

You want to keep up a steady cadence of deposits to make progress toward your goals, and to reap the benefits of dollar cost averaging. You might consider auto investing once a month to start and see how it goes.

What are the benefits of starting an automatic investment plan?

There are a number of advantages to using an automatic investment plan, including the fact that it can help keep your investment plan on track, even if you’re tempted to make changes when markets fluctuate. In addition, an AIP can save time and may help lessen the impact of market volatility.


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The information provided is not meant to provide investment or financial advice. Also, past performance is no guarantee of future results.
Investment decisions should be based on an individual’s specific financial needs, goals, and risk profile. SoFi can’t guarantee future financial performance. Advisory services offered through SoFi Wealth, LLC. SoFi Securities, LLC, member FINRA / SIPC . SoFi Invest refers to the three investment and trading platforms operated by Social Finance, Inc. and its affiliates (described below). Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of the platforms below.
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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
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x Steps for Balancing a Checkbook

4 Steps for Balancing a Checkbook

Admittedly, checks and checkbooks aren’t as popular as they were in the past, when they were a standard way to pay for life’s daily expenses. But that doesn’t mean that balancing a checkbook isn’t still a valuable skill and an important way to keep your budget in good shape.

It’s a smart idea to keep tabs on how much is coming into your checking account and how much is going out. This helps you avoid bouncing checks (and paying those steep overdraft fees), spot errors and fraud attempts, and know how well you are doing in terms of spending.

Many people shy away from balancing (aka reconciling) their checking account because it seems as if it’s a time-consuming task and may require high-level math skills. Not true!

Once you learn the four steps of balancing your checkbook, it is a simple task that can be accomplished in a few minutes once every week or so. Read on to learn:

•   What does balancing a checkbook mean?

•   How do you balance a checkbook?

•   What is the first step in balancing a checkbook?

•   What are the benefits of balancing a checkbook?

What Does Balancing a Checkbook Mean?

The task of balancing a checkbook actually doesn’t have anything to do with the checkbook itself (the stack of checks you may write to pay for goods and services), although your checkbook register is still a great tool for doing the job.

Rather, balancing a checkbook refers to the process of reconciling and cross-checking the many transactions that occur in your checking account.

To summarize the process of balancing your checkbook: This involves recording all of your deposits and withdrawals on a regular basis, adding and subtracting them as you go, and then comparing your numbers to the bank’s to make sure they agree.

Benefits of Balancing Your Checkbook?

Balancing your checkbook, whether with personal vs. business checks, comes with a number of key benefits. These Include:

Knowing Your Balance in Real Time

When you log every transaction, you add to your balance if it’s a deposit or subtract if you’re paying a bill. In this way, you are able to know the true balance of your account, which may not yet be reflected online or in your app.

That’s because when you write a check against your account, the bank won’t deduct those funds from your account until the person you gave the check to deposits it.

Your bank app may show you have $2,000 in your account but if you wrote a $1,000 check yesterday, you actually only have $1,000 available to spend.

Tracking Your Spending and Sticking with Your Budget

During the balancing process, you look at every transaction in your checking account for a period of time, whether it’s a day, a week, or a month.

You might find that you’re spending more than you thought or taking out more cash from the ATM each month than your current budget allows.

Balancing your checkbook on a regular basis can help you monitor your spending, and help to ensure you’re able to maintain your savings goals.

Reviewing Your Account for Errors, Fraud, or Billing Changes

Regular reviewing and tracking of your account’s expenditures can help you immediately spot any purchases or transfers of money that you don’t recognize.

You may also pick up on fees your bank is charging that you weren’t aware of or that are new.

Or, you might notice that one of your auto-pay bills has gone up in price. If your payments are processed automatically without your review, those increases could go unnoticed and unaddressed for months, disrupting your cash flow and possibly causing other financial issues down the line.

Recommended: Can I Use Checks With an Old Address?

Are There Reasons Not to Balance Your Checkbook?

You don’t need to balance your checkbook if you are using and are satisfied with another method to keep tabs on your spending. For instance, if your bank offers an app that works well for you, fine. Or perhaps you are in the habit of monitoring your checking account regularly and feel comfortable with that process.

As noted above, however, there can be a lag time between when you write a check or even swipe a debit card and when the charge is actually debited. This may lead you to believe you have more money on deposit than you truly do. That may motivate you to balance your checkbook instead.

How to Balance a Checkbook in 4 Steps

Here’s an easy step-by-step approach to balancing your checkbook.

1. Recording Your Current Balance

Here’s the first step toward reconciling your checkbook register: logging your bank account balance.

•   You can quickly find your checking account balance by going on your bank’s website or using its mobile app.

•   If you’re using a paper checkbook register, you can then record this number in the top spot above the spaces you use to log your transactions.

•   If you don’t have a register or prefer to go digital, you can create your own register on your computer, or use an open source spreadsheet platform, such as Google Sheets. An online spreadsheet has the advantage of being accessible anytime from any device.

That’s it for the first step in balancing your checkbook.

2. Recording Any Pending Transactions

The next step in balancing your checkbook involves recording transactions that haven’t fully processed yet.

•   Account for any pending transactions. These are transactions that you know are coming, but have not yet cleared. For example, when you deposit a check (whether at a bank, ATM, or mobile deposit), your bank might release only part of the funds immediately, placing a hold on the rest of the money until the check clears.

Similarly, when you pay for something with your debit card or a check, the transaction may take a day or two to go through.

•   You can write down the date of the transaction and a brief description and, if it’s a check, the check number.

•   Do the math next: Starting with the first transaction you enter, subtract the amount from your available balance, or, in the case of a deposit, add it to the balance.

•   Then record the new amount on the next line of your register. You can continue doing this until all transactions are reconciled. The final number is (ta-da) your current available balance: the actual amount you have in the account to spend.

3. Continuing to Record Transactions

Next, you can log transactions as they happen or at regular intervals.

•   As you continue to make transactions, you can then record them in your register or spreadsheet so you have a running tally of your debits, credits, and current balance. You’ll want to account for both checks, debit card usage, and deposits to the account.

You can do this as you go, or you can collect your receipts and record them in your checking register or spreadsheet at the end of the day or week.

Recommended: Differences Between Current Balance and Available Balance

4. Comparing Your Numbers

Now it may be time for a little bit of cross-checking detective work:

•   Once or twice a month, it’s a good idea to log on to your account and compare your bank’s total withdrawals and deposits and balances with your own records. If they match, you’re in good shape; you have a balanced checkbook.

If the numbers don’t align, you may then want to go back through your records, as well as the bank’s transaction history, to see where the discrepancy lies.

You may find that you forgot to record a transaction or you wrote down a number incorrectly, or made a simple math error. Or perhaps you forgot to account for account fees or a miscellaneous charge that was deducted.

Or you might pick up an error on the bank’s part, a change in the amount a vendor is billing you, or a potentially fraudulent charge. Generally, the quicker you pick up and address any discrepancies the better, particularly in the case of bank fraud or identity theft.

What Is a Check Register?

A check register is a compact booklet that acts as a kind of spreadsheet, helping you record transactions and tally your checking account’s balance.

These typically come when you order checks, or you can buy them at some retailers or online vendors.

Check registers can be a valuable tool in balancing your checkbook and staying on budget.

Is Knowing How to Balance a Checkbook Now Obsolete?

Knowing how to balance a checkbook may be less vital than it was in the past, but it is still an important skill for tracking incoming funds, outgoing payments, and your total amount of money on deposit.

If you don’t like the paper and pencil aspect of balancing a checkbook, you can use apps and digital tools to keep tabs on your funds.

Digitally Balancing a Checkbook

If you are the type of person who doesn’t like writing down numbers and calculating your available balance on paper, you can use digital tools to help the process along.

There are apps that promise to help you balance your checkbook, but some involve a fair amount of data entry. Your financial institution may offer tools (online and in an app) to help you check your balance, see charges, view pending transactions, and more. For many people, these can be a way to keep tabs on their account balance.

Opening Checking and Savings SoFi Accounts

Even in an increasingly paperless world, it can still be important to balance your checkbook.

Regularly balancing your checking account can give you a clear sense of not only how much money is in your bank account, but where your money goes.

This can help you track your spending, avoid bouncing checks, detect billing changes, and also spot errors or even fraudulent charges as soon as they happen.

If you’re looking for an easy way to keep tabs on your money, you may want to sign up for a new bank account with SoFi.

With SoFi Checking and Savings, you can get all the numbers you need to track your finances at a glance and on the go using the SoFi app. Plus, you’ll earn a competitive annual percentage yield (APY) and pay no account fees, which can help you money grow faster.

See how easy it is to manage your finances with SoFi Checking and Savings today.

FAQ

Is balancing a checkbook still necessary?

While balancing your checkbook isn’t as common as it was before, it is still a valuable way to keep tabs on the money in your checking account, spot errors, and identify any suspicious activity. It is also a wise move if you are trying to stick with a budgeting method and avoid overdrafting your account.

How do you balance a checkbook that hasn’t been balanced before?

You can start balancing your checkbook at any time. View your balance online, and log it in your checkbook. Account for any pending transactions, and then, going forward, note deposits, withdrawals and other debits, plus any fees that are taken out of your funds.

How often should you balance your checkbook?

It can be wise to balance your checkbook in real time. That means, it can be smart to note any checks you write as you do so, and log debit card transactions as they happen so you don’t forget about them. For some people, though, this isn’t convenient, and they prefer to spend a few minutes reconciling their checkbook once or twice a week. The choice is yours.


SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit can earn up to 4.20% annual percentage yield (APY) interest on Savings account balances (including Vaults) and up to 1.20% APY on Checking account balances. There is no minimum direct deposit amount required to qualify for these rates. Members without direct deposit will earn 1.20% APY on all account balances in Checking and Savings (including Vaults). Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 4/25/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
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How Is Savings Interest Calculated?

In a world where it can seem hard to make and stretch a dollar (hello, inflation!), isn’t it nice to know that there’s a way to earn money without any effort? That would be by collecting interest on a savings account. Your financial institution pays you for the privilege of using the cash you have on deposit, pumping up your wealth without the least bit of work on your part.

Knowing how to calculate interest helps you more effectively compare savings accounts.

While the basic concept may sound simple, understanding the different rates offered on interest-bearing accounts (typically savings accounts, though some checking accounts may earn a bit too) can get complex.

Here, you’ll learn the ins and outs of how interest works. For those trying to grow their money to achieve financial goals, it’s helpful to know how to calculate interest on a savings account. This knowledge can help you determine how much money earned in interest you can expect. It can also aid you when you are deciding which savings account best meets your needs.

Read on for insights, including:

•   What is interest?

•   How do interest rates work?

•   How is savings interest calculated?

•   What is compound vs. simple interest?

•   What is an APY vs. monthly interest rate?

•   What’s a good savings account interest rate?

What Is Interest?

Interest is the amount of money that a bank pays a depositor who is keeping their money with the financial institution. While that money remains accessible to the account holder, the bank uses money on deposit for other purposes, such as lending it out for a mortgage loan. One way banks can make money is via the differential between the interest they pay for money on deposit (say, 3%) and the interest they charge when someone else borrows it (say, 6% on a home loan).

Understanding Interest Rates

In comparing savings accounts at different banks (or even within the same bank), consumers may notice that interest rates can vary with the type of account. What’s more, interest rates posted by the Federal Reserve may vary considerably from the interest rates banks offer their customers.

Tasked with maintaining economic stability, the Fed uses signals such as employment data and inflation to determine its rates. During economic slowdowns, the Fed typically lowers rates to reduce the cost of borrowing and incentivize big businesses to spend more, stimulating the economy. Conversely, when the economy appears to be growing too quickly, the Fed may raise rates, increasing the cost of borrowing in order to slow spending. This has been the case in recent years, with the Fed repeatedly raising rates in an effort to bring inflation down.

How does this play into the interest rate consumers might earn on their own savings? There are a number of factors that determine the interest rate a bank posts:

•   The target federal funds rate, set by the Fed, is one such cue.

•   Banks, however, set their own interest rates and these may vary depending on factors such as promotions the bank may have in place to attract new customers or incentivize greater account balances, as well as how much work an account takes to administer.

This last factor is why checking accounts, which are often used for a higher volume of everyday transactions, often pay less interest than savings accounts, where customers are more likely to let their money sit and accrue.

•   Interest rates also change over time, so the posted rate when an account is opened may not remain the same.

•   Banks may also have tiered interest rates, where account holders earn different rates of interest depending how much they have in their account, or balance caps, in which an interest rate can only be earned up to a certain amount.

Recommended: What Is a High-Yield Savings Account?

Ready for a Better Banking Experience?

Open a SoFi Checking and Savings Account and start earning 1% APY on your cash!


Interest Calculation Formula

Calculating interest involves some not-too-complex math; in fact, it’s primarily multiplication you need to use. The formula looks like this:

P x R x T = simple interest

P stands for the principal, or the amount on deposit.

R stands for the interest rate, expressed as an annual rate usually, in decimal form.

T stands for time, or how long the money is held by the bank.

How to Calculate Savings Interest

Now, consider how this formula could be used to calculate the interest earned on savings you deposit at a financial institution.

If you deposited $5,000 in a bank for one year at a 3% interest rate, the simple interest after one year would be, using the PxRxT formula:

5,000 x .03 x 1 = $150

So, by calculating savings interest, you see that you’ve earned $150. To put it another way, at the end of one year, your $5,000 would have grown to $5,150.

This, of course, represents simple interest. When putting your money in the bank today, you may well earn compound interest. Read on to see how that works and grows your cash even more.

Quick Money Tip: Most savings accounts only earn a fraction of a percentage in interest. Not at SoFi. Our high-yield savings account can help you make meaningful progress towards your financial goals.

Simple vs Compound Interest

When you earn interest on the principal amount alone, such as in the example above, it’s called “simple interest.”

But the reason savings accounts can be such an effective tool for growing money is that not only is interest earned on the amount deposited, but the interest also earns interest. This is called compounding.

Depending on the account, interest may compound daily, monthly, or quarterly. Each time this happens, the interest earned to date becomes part of the principal, and the amount of interest earned from the compounding date onwards will be based on both the principal plus the interest earned to date. You might think of it as accelerating your money’s growth as time passes.

Here’s what compound interest looks like in action, using the same $5,000 initial deposit, but that 3% interest compounds on a monthly basis.

•   After one month, the account would have $5,000 plus interest totalling one-twelfth of the 3% annual interest, $12.50.

•   The next month, the interest would be calculated on $5,012.50, adding $12.53 to the principal for a new total of bringing the new principal to about $5,025.03, and so on.

•   At the end of the year, the account would have $5,152.08.

•   After 10 years, monthly compounding will grow that initial $5,000 to $6,746.77, without adding a single penny more to the account.

Compounding means you earn interest on the interest you’ve already earned.

Here’s a chart showing the difference simple vs. compound interest can make at a rate of 3% on $5,000 deposit:

Time

Simple Interest

Interest Compounded Daily

Account opened $5,000 $5,000
1 year $5,150 $5,152.27
5 years $5,796.37 $5,809.14
10 years $6,719.58 $6,749.21
20 years $9,030.56 $9,110.37

It may not seem like a huge difference, but adding to the principal regularly can grow your money faster. In addition, seeking out a higher interest rate can of course boost your cash faster as well.

APY vs Monthly Interest Rate

Calculating compound interest can get complicated; the equation involves more complicated math. But some banks simplify an account holder’s potential earnings into a single rate called the annual percentage yield, or APY. The APY factors in both the interest rate and the effect of compounding into an actual rate of return over the course of one year. To calculate how much interest will be earned on a savings account using the APY, simply multiply the principal by the APY.

This simplicity makes APY a more helpful rate to use when comparing interest rates for different accounts or banks, because it includes the effect of compounding, regardless of how frequent. Banks will usually post this information because the APY is higher than the stated interest rate. A savings account interest calculator can be helpful when calculating interest on savings accounts and to see how different rates of compounding will affect earnings.

What Is a Good Savings Account Interest Rate?

What is a good savings account interest rate will vary with the times. During the 1980s, the interest rates on savings accounts were around 8%, while from 2018 to 2021, the average was barely one-tenth of one percent, which could hardly keep pace with inflation.

As you shop around for the right account at the right rate, you may find that online banks offer among the higher rates. Since they don’t have bricks-and-mortar locations, they can pass their savings on to their clients. As of March 2023, online banks were offering in the 3% to 4% range, while some of the big traditional banks were still offering just a fraction of a percentage point.

Questions to Ask When Considering a Savings Account

It’s hard to dispute the appeal of earning money on savings. But in addition to knowing how to calculate interest on a savings account, there are other considerations that could affect the flexibility and ease with which that account will help a person achieve their goals. Some account holders may find they need multiple bank accounts to meet both their everyday and long-term financial needs and goals.

Here are some things to consider.

Will You Be Penalized for Everyday Transactions?

Savings accounts typically provide higher interest rates than checking accounts because they require less work for the bank to administer since they’re not meant to be used for everyday transactions.

But savings accounts may limit the number of transactions or transfers account holders can make in a month, or charge a fee for such actions. The Federal Reserve’s Regulation D, which imposed a six-transaction-per-month limit, was loosened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some banks now follow the new rule; others don’t. Inquire at a potential new home for your funds before opening a savings account.

Is There a Minimum Balance?

Some banks incentivize or penalize customers to encourage them to keep more money in their accounts. For example, an account may be subject to fees unless the balance is maintained above a certain amount. Tiered savings accounts provide a higher rate of interest on bank balances above certain levels.

Can the Money Be Accessed Easily?

Some types of savings accounts provide higher interest rates but limit access to the money for a predetermined earnings period. For example, a certificate of deposit (CD) is a savings vehicle that holds an investor’s money for a certain period of time. At the end of that term, the account holder is paid the original principal plus the interest earned. There may be penalties imposed on early withdrawals from a CD.

Can the Account Help Achieve Money Goals?

Earning interest is a key way a savings account can help savers achieve their financial goals. But they might have multiple reasons for saving, from being able to afford a vacation or other luxuries to ensuring they have enough money in an emergency fund for unforeseen circumstances. If that’s the case, it’s helpful to be able to know at a glance what is saved towards each need. At some banks, separate accounts might need to be opened for each purpose, while others may provide tools to organize your savings within a single account.

How to Streamline Your Savings

High interest rates can indeed be a compelling motivator for opening a savings account. And knowing how to calculate interest on an account is a helpful tool for finding the right financial product. But incurring fees to make necessary transactions or losing flexibility in other ways may negate the benefits of earning interest.

With a SoFi Checking and Savings online banking account, members can earn a competitive APY and not pay any account fees. Plus, SoFi members can access the Allpoint network of more than 55,000+ fee-free ATMs as well as use Vaults and Roundups to help grow their wealth. Plus, whether online or using the SoFi app, members can spend, save, and earn all in one convenient place.

SoFi Checking and Savings: The smart, simple way to bank.


SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit can earn up to 4.20% annual percentage yield (APY) interest on Savings account balances (including Vaults) and up to 1.20% APY on Checking account balances. There is no minimum direct deposit amount required to qualify for these rates. Members without direct deposit will earn 1.20% APY on all account balances in Checking and Savings (including Vaults). Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 4/25/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
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What Is a Debit Card?

A debit combines some of the features of an ATM card and a credit card to give you an easy way to access cash and pay for purchases. For many people, tapping, swiping, or entering their digits online has become a favorite way to conduct everyday financial transactions.

Debit cards resemble credit cards, but they don’t involve a line of credit or accruing interest charges; the money spent is deducted directly from your checking account. This (and other features) can be a benefit or a downside, depending on your particular situation.

Here, learn more about the ins and outs of debit cards and how to use them most efficiently, including:

•   What is a debit card?

•   How do debit cards work?

•   Where can you use a debit card?

•   What are the differences between a debit card vs. an ATM card?

•   What are the differences between a debit card vs. a credit card?

Debit Cards Defined

A debit card is a payment card that allows you to spend money without carrying cash.

When you use a debit card, the funds are your own, so there’s nothing to pay back later.

Most debit cards look just like credit cards. They typically feature an account number on the front, along with the cardholder’s name and the expiration date.

There will likely also be a smart chip on the front, along with a logo in the lower right-hand corner that tells you which payment network the card is connected to (such as Visa, Mastercard, or Discover). On the back you’ll likely see a place to sign, as well as a three-digit security code (CCV).

But there are some major differences between debit cards and credit cards.

When someone uses a credit card the money is borrowed. Credit card holders receive a bill every month for what they owe, and the balance must be paid in full or they can be charged interest.

When you use a debit card to get cash or make a purchase, the money comes directly from an account you have with a bank or some other type of financial institution. The funds are your own, so there’s nothing to pay back later.

How a Debit Card Works

Now that you know what a debit card is, here’s how a debit card typically works:

•   You tap, swipe, or insert the card at a terminal and enter your PIN (personal identification number) in many cases. The PIN adds a level of security to the transaction.

•   The information is communication (the amount of your purchase) and your bank verifies that the funds are available in your checking account. The transaction is approved in that case, or it will be denied if you don’t have enough funds available.

•   In a similar way, a debit card can allow you to deduct funds from an ATM.

Worth noting: Debit cards may have spending limits capping the amount you can use in a single day, even if you have more than that amount on deposit. Check with your financial institution to learn what may apply.

Features of a Debit Card

Debit cards have many features that make them an asset to managing your financial life:

•   Safer than carrying cash

•   More convenient that using checks, plus no fee for ordering checks

•   Quick and easy way to make purchases or access cash

•   Accepted for purchases by many vendors

•   Does not charge interest since it draws directly from your checking account

•   Typically don’t charge fees

•   May offer cash back rewards

•   May have daily spending limits

How Do You Get a Debit Card?

If you don’t already have one, you may wonder how people get debit cards. These are the steps to getting a debit card:

1.    Open a checking account: Checking accounts (whether at a bank, credit union, or online financial institution) typically come with a debit card that can be used to get cash at ATMs or to make purchases.

A brick and mortar bank may be able to issue customers a new debit card right away. With an online institution, it might take a few days for the card to come by mail. Card holders also receive a personal identification number (PIN), which is a security code they’ll use with their account.

2.    Activate the card: Typically, you can activate a new debit card at the financial institution’s website, at one of its ATMs, or by calling a designated phone number and answering or keying in some basic identifying information.

3.    Start using your card. You should be ready to start tapping, swiping and entering your card’s digits online to make purchases.

Ready for a Better Banking Experience?

Open a SoFi Checking and Savings Account and start earning 1% APY on your cash!


Where Can You Use a Debit Card?

A debit card can be used to make withdrawals at an ATM, to make in-person or online purchases, and to make automatic payments for recurring bills.

Each type of transaction works a bit differently. Here are tips for using your debit card.

At the ATM

One of the great conveniences a debit card has to offer is that it can be used to get cash (or make a deposit, transfer funds, or just view your account balance) just about anywhere there’s an ATM.

You just push your debit card into the slot, and enter your PIN to get access to your account. Once you finish and retrieve your receipt and debit card, it’s a good idea to double check that the machine has returned to its welcome screen before turning it over to the next user.

If you use an ATM that’s not in your bank’s network, you could end up paying a non-network fee to your bank and an ATM surcharge to the ATM’s owner. If you’re overseas, you might also be charged a foreign transaction fee.

If you’re a big-time ATM user, you might be able to avoid those fees by scouting out in-network ATM locations in your area or where you are going to be traveling ahead of time. Or you might open an account at a financial institution that doesn’t charge fees and/or reimburses certain fees.

Quick Money Tip: Fees can be a real drag when you’re trying to save money. SoFi’s high-yield checking account has no account fees, including overdraft coverage up to $50.

In-Person Purchases

The process for using a debit card to purchase goods or services can be a little different from one merchant to the next.

Typically a customer will be asked to swipe, insert, or tap their debit card themselves at a card reader on the counter, then may be prompted to authorize the purchase, either by entering their PIN or by signing as they would with a credit card.

Either way, the money to pay for the purchase comes out of the card holder’s account, though the transactions are processed somewhat differently.

The transaction method also may affect any points or other rewards a card holder is hoping to earn on a purchase. Some programs reward PIN purchases only, some reward signature purchases only, and some reward both.

A retailer also may allow customers making a PIN transaction to ask for cash back on top of the total amount of their purchase, so they don’t have to make a separate trip to an ATM. However, you may be charged a small fee for this convenience.

Online Purchases

Can you use a debit card online? Usually, yes, even if you do not see “debit card” listed as a payment method when you want to buy something online. But if there’s a credit network logo on the front of your debit card, you should be able to use your card for the transaction.

When a merchant’s website asks for a payment method, debit card users can choose “credit card,” then enter their debit card account number, expiration date, and three-digit security code (CCV) to have the purchase processed as a signature transaction. (A PIN transaction won’t be a payment option online.)

Automatic Payments

A debit card also can be used to make automatic payments on monthly bills, such as student loans, car loans, subscriptions and memberships, and utility bills.

To set up automatic debit payments, the card holder provides the company with a debit card account number, expiration date, and CCV, and authorizes future electronic withdrawals. The payment can be the same amount every month, or, if the amount is likely to vary a bit from month to month (as utility bills generally do), the card holder can specify a range.

With automatic debit payments, card holders give businesses permission to take payments from their account, which is different from arranging with the bank to make authorized recurring payments. In both cases, however, it can be important to track those payments and be sure the transactions are accurate.

Is There a Difference Between a Debit Card and an ATM Card?

There are differences between a debit card and an ATM card to note:

•   A debit card can be used to make withdrawals at an ATM, but it also can be used to make purchases and to pay bills.

•   An ATM card can be used only to get funds from a checking or savings account at an ATM machine.

Is it Better to Use a Credit Card or Debit Card?

As with most financial tools, it’s up to each individual to decide what works best for them. Here are some ways to evaluate the pros and cons of using a debit card vs. a credit card.

Budgeting

Using a debit card for a majority of transactions may make it easier to stick to your budget, because you can spend only what you have in your account. You aren’t borrowing money as you would with a credit card, so you may find yourself paying more attention to every purchase and whether you can really afford it.

With a credit card, it can be tempting to pay now and worry about the bill later. If you’re super disciplined about paying off your entire credit card balance every month, that might work for you.

But if, like many Americans, you’re likely to carry forward a balance on your credit card (or cards) every month, the debt could eventually grow out of control with interest.

Convenience

Both debit and credit cards are easy to use, but there are a few ways in which debit cards may have an edge when it comes to convenience.

•   It’s easier and cheaper to get quick cash with a debit card. You can get a cash advance with a credit card, but you may have to pay a hefty fee and a higher interest rate on the advance. And with a cash advance you could be charged interest starting on the day you receive the money — there’s no grace period as there is when you make a purchase with a credit card.

•   You may be able to get a physical cash advance when making a purchase. That benefit usually isn’t available with a credit card.

•   It’s generally easier to get a debit card than a credit card. Most financial institutions will automatically give customers a debit card when they open an account. Getting a credit card can be harder, especially if you’re under 18, don’t have any verifiable income, have a poor (or no) history with credit, or lack the typically required identification documents. The requirements are tougher for credit cards because lenders want to be sure their borrowers are capable of repaying their debts.

Penalty Fees

No matter what kind of card you use — debit or credit — you could face a penalty fee if you spend more money than you currently have available.

With a debit card, you may incur an overdraft fee if you spend more than you have in your account (when making a signature purchase, for example, or when using autopay).

With a credit card, you could face an over-limit fee (if you push your balance over your credit limit), a late-payment fee if you fail to make your minimum monthly payment, or a returned payment fee if for some reason your payment isn’t accepted.)

Rewards

Credit cards can be more likely to offer extra perks than debit cards, such as cash-back rewards or points that can be used for travel, though some debits do offer points and rewards.

Spending Limits

One of the things that can make a debit card really useful is that it’s difficult to spend more than you have. But that also can be a drawback if you need to make an expensive purchase. Even if you have a hefty amount of money in your account, you may encounter a daily spending limit when using a debit card.

Those daily limits are meant to protect account holders by limiting the amount fraudsters could spend with a stolen debit card. But if you aren’t aware you have a limit or don’t know what the limit is, you could get an unpleasant surprise when making a major purchase. Don’t know what a debit card’s limit is? Ask your bank.

If you find out you have a debit limit and feel it’s too low, you may be able to request an increase.

Of course, credit cards have spending limits, too, in the form of available credit. Those who go over their credit limit could have their card declined or they might have to pay a fee. Credit card users can check their monthly statement online or in person, or call customer service to see where they stand.

Building Credit

This may seem like a bit of irony, but even though consumers may be trying to be financially responsible by using a debit card whenever they can, they won’t be directly helping their credit score.

Lenders often use credit scores to determine if a person qualifies for a loan or credit card, or a better interest rate when borrowing money. It reflects an individual’s past credit history and shows how well they’ve handled credit in the past.

When someone uses a debit card to pay for goods and services, the money is coming from their own account, so it doesn’t impact their borrowing record. If you use a debit card to stay out of debt and to make car or student loan payments on time, though, it might indirectly help your credit standing.

Safety

A debit card is linked to your bank account, so if a thief gets hold of your physical card or just your card number, any money they take is yours — not the bank’s, as would be the case with a stolen credit card.

And that could cause a lot of problems if you don’t notice and report the problem swiftly, according to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) .

Debit card use is protected by the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA), which gives consumers the right to challenge fraudulent charges. But card holders have to act with some speed to get full federal protection.

And those protections aren’t quite as substantial as the federal law that covers credit card theft, the Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA).

If your debit card is lost or stolen, you could have zero liability if you report it before any unauthorized charges occurred. If you report a lost or stolen card within two business days, your loss may be limited to $50. But if you wait more than 60 calendar days after you receive your statement to make a report, you could lose all the money a thief drains from any account linked to your debit card.

That may sound scary, but if your debit card is backed by a credit card network (like Visa or Mastercard), you likely have the same “zero liability” protections credit card users have.

Debit Card Alternatives

If you don’t have a debit card or prefer not a use one, here are some options:

•   Cash. It’s still a form of payment that’s accepted at many retail locations.

•   A check. For paying bills or making purchases (typically from smaller vendors), you may be able to write a check.

•   Prepaid cards (also called prepaid debit cards in some cases). Available at various retail stores, these cards hold the amount of cash you put on them. Some are meant for one-time use; others can be reloaded with additional funds through an app, direct deposit, money transfer, or with cash at a store that offers this service.

Prepaid cards usually work at any ATM or retail location that accepts the card’s payment network. However, there are pros and cons of prepaid debit cards. They tend to come with more fees and fewer protections than traditional debit cards.

Banking With SoFi

Debit cards are typically offered along with a checking account. You can use a debit card to quickly get cash, either from an ATM or by using the cash back function offered by many merchants. You can also use your debit card to purchase goods and services, and even use it for autopay. Because you are using the cash you have on deposit, you don’t accrue any interest fees, but you are likely not establishing your credit either. These cards can be a convenient aspect of your daily financial life.

Looking for a debit card that provides perks and protections but frowns on account fees? SoFi Checking and Savings may be the right choice for you. Open an account and receive a World Debit Mastercard®, which offers contactless payment, purchase protection, and a cash back rewards program. And, withdrawing cash is fee-free at 55,000+ Allpoint Network ATMs worldwide.

SoFi: Helping you spend smarter.

FAQ

Are there debit card fees?

Typically, debit card use does not incur fees. However, if you use it at a non-network ATM to withdraw cash, you could be hit with a fee. Also, if you overdraft your account when swiping, that could incur charges. Lastly, the checking account that it’s connected to may or may not be fee-free.

What do the numbers on a debit card mean?

The numbers on a debit card are similar to the numbers on a credit card: They identify the industry issuers involved and uniquely capture your account number.

Are debit cards safe?

Debit cards are typically safe, but they can be stolen or lost, which could allow someone to make unauthorized transactions. Plus, the hackers of the world are usually at work, trying to steal people’s information. That said, using a PIN helps protect transactions, and if you report the loss or theft of your debit card within two business days, your liability should be capped at $50. Some cards offer zero-liability protection.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
SoFi® Checking and Savings is offered through SoFi Bank, N.A. ©2023 SoFi Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Equal Housing Lender.
The SoFi Bank Debit Mastercard® is issued by SoFi Bank, N.A., pursuant to license by Mastercard International Incorporated and can be used everywhere Mastercard is accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated.

SoFi members with direct deposit can earn up to 4.20% annual percentage yield (APY) interest on Savings account balances (including Vaults) and up to 1.20% APY on Checking account balances. There is no minimum direct deposit amount required to qualify for these rates. Members without direct deposit will earn 1.20% APY on all account balances in Checking and Savings (including Vaults). Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 4/25/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at http://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
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Guide to Maxing Out Your 401(k)

Maxing out your 401(k) involves contributing the maximum allowable to your workplace retirement account to increase the benefit of compounding and appreciating assets over time.

All retirement plans come with contribution caps, and when you hit that limit it means you’ve maxed out that particular account.

There are a lot of things to consider when figuring out how to max out your 401(k) account. And if you’re a step ahead, you may also wonder what to do after you max out your 401(k).

What Does It Mean to Max Out Your 401(k)?

Maxing out your 401(k) means that you contribute the maximum amount allowed by law in a given year, as specified by the established 401(k) contribution limits. But it can also mean that you’re maxing out your contributions up to an employer’s percentage match, too.

For some quick background, 401(k) plans are one of the most common types of retirement plans in the U.S. They are employer-sponsored accounts that allow both you and your employer to make contributions.

When you set up a 401(k), you can opt to have a certain amount or percentage of your paycheck go directly to your 401(k), and sometimes an employer will match your own contributions up to a certain percentage or dollar amount. For example, you might contribute 3%, and your employer might match your 3% dollar for dollar, for a total of 6%. If your employer’s maximum match is 3%, and you contribute up to that matching amount, then in this case, you’re “maxing out” your 401(k).

If you were contributing less than 3%, you might want to make changes to your 401(k) contributions to “max” it out.

But on a broader scale, and what we’ll stick with for the purposes of this piece, maxing out a 401(k) primarily refers to contributing as much as legally possible during a given year.

So, to max out a 401(k) for tax year 2023, an employee would need to contribute $22,500 in salary deferrals — or $30,000 if they’re over age 50. Some investors might think about maxing out their 401(k) as a way of getting the most out of their retirement savings strategy.

Is It Good to Max Out Your 401(k)?

4 Goals to Meet Before Maxing Out Your 401(k)

Generally speaking, yes, it’s a good thing to max out your 401(k) so long as you’re not sacrificing your overall financial stability to do it. Saving for retirement is important, which is why many financial experts would likely suggest maxing out any employer match contributions first.

But while you may want to take full advantage of any tax and employer benefits that come with your 401(k), you also want to consider any other financial goals and obligations you have before maxing out your 401(k).

That doesn’t mean you should put other goals first, and not contribute to your retirement plan at all. That’s not wise. Maintaining a baseline contribution rate for your future is crucial, even as you continue to save for shorter-term aims or put money toward debt repayment.

Other goals could include:

•   Is all high-interest debt paid off? High-interest debt like credit card debt should be paid off first, so it doesn’t accrue additional interest and fees.

•   Do you have an emergency fund? Life can throw curveballs—it’s smart to be prepared for job loss or other emergency expenses.

•   Is there enough money in your budget for other expenses? You should have plenty of funds to ensure you can pay for additional bills, like student loans, health insurance, and rent.

•   Are there other big-ticket expenses to save for? If you’re saving for a large purchase, such as a home or going back to school, you may want to put extra money toward this saving goal rather than completely maxing out your 401(k), at least for the time being.

Once you can comfortably say that you’re meeting your spending and savings goals, it might be time to explore maxing out your 401(k). There are many reasons to do so — it’s a way to take advantage of tax-deferred savings, employer matching (often referred to as “free money”), and it’s a relatively easy and automatic way to invest and save, since the money gets deducted from your paycheck once you’ve set up your contribution amount.

6 Steps to Maxing Out Your 401(k)

For 2023, the IRS has set the 401(k) contribution limit as $22,500 in salary deferrals. Individuals over the age of 50 can contribute an additional $7,500 in catch-up contributions. Only a relatively small percentage of people actually do max out their 401(k)s, however. Here are some strategies for how to max out your 401(k).

1. Max Out 401(k) Employer Contributions

Your employer may offer matching contributions, and if so, there are typically rules you will need to follow to take advantage of their match.

An employer may require a minimum contribution from you before they’ll match it, or they might match only up to a certain amount. They might even stipulate a combination of those two requirements. Each company will have its own rules for matching contributions, so review your company’s policy for specifics.

For example, suppose your employer will match your contribution up to 3%. So, if you contribute 3% to your 401(k), your employer will contribute 3% as well. Therefore, instead of only saving 3% of your salary, you’re now saving 6%. With the employer match, your contribution just doubled. Note that employer contributions can range from nothing at all to upwards of 15%. It depends.

Since saving for retirement is one of the best investments you can make, it’s wise to take advantage of your employer’s match. Every penny helps when saving for retirement, and you don’t want to miss out on this “free money” from your employer.

If you’re not already maxing out the matching contribution, you can speak with your employer (or HR department, or plan administrator) to increase your contribution amount, you may be able to do it yourself online.

2. Max Out Salary-Deferred Contributions

While it’s smart to make sure you’re not leaving free money on the table, maxing out your employer match on a 401(k) is only part of the equation.

In order to make sure you’re setting aside an adequate amount for retirement, consider contributing as much as your budget will allow. Again, individuals younger than age 50 can contribute up to $22,500 in salary deferrals per year — and if you’re over age 50, you can max out at $30,000 in 2023.

It’s called a “salary deferral” because you aren’t losing any of the money you earn; you’re putting it in the 401(k) account and deferring it until later in life.

Those contributions aren’t just an investment in your future lifestyle in retirement. Because they are made with pre-tax dollars, they lower your taxable income for the year in which you contribute. For some, the immediate tax benefit is as appealing as the future savings benefit.

3. Take Advantage of Catch-Up Contributions

As mentioned, 401(k) catch-up contributions allow investors over age 50 to increase their retirement savings — which is especially helpful if they’re behind in reaching their retirement goals. Individuals over age 50 can contribute an additional $7,500 for a total of $30,000 for the year. Putting all of that money toward retirement savings can help you truly max out your 401(k).

As you draw closer to retirement, catch-up contributions can make a difference, especially as you start to calculate when you can retire. Whether you have been saving your entire career or just started, this benefit is available to everyone who qualifies.

And of course, this extra contribution will lower taxable income even more than regular contributions. Although using catch-up contributions may not push everyone to a lower tax bracket, it will certainly minimize the tax burden during the next filing season.

4. Reset Your Automatic 401(k) Contributions

When was the last time you reviewed your 401(k)? It may be time to check in and make sure your retirement savings goals are still on track. Is the amount you originally set to contribute each paycheck still the correct amount to help you reach those goals?

With the increase in contribution limits most years, it may be worth reviewing your budget to see if you can up your contribution amount to max out your 401(k). If you don’t have automatic payroll contributions set up, you could set them up.

It’s generally easier to save money when it’s automatically deducted; a person is less likely to spend the cash (or miss it) when it never hits their checking account in the first place.

If you’re able to max out the full 401(k) limit, but fear the sting of a large decrease in take-home pay, consider a gradual, annual increase such as 1% — how often you increase it will depend on your plan rules as well as your budget.

5. Put Bonus Money Toward Retirement

Unless your employer allows you to make a change, your 401(k) contribution will likely be deducted from any bonus you might receive at work. Many employers allow you to determine a certain percentage of your bonus check to contribute to your 401(k).

Consider possibly redirecting a large portion of a bonus to 401k contributions, or into another retirement account, like an individual retirement account (IRA). Because this money might not have been expected, you won’t miss it if you contribute most of it toward your retirement.

You could also do the same thing with a raise. If your employer gives you a raise, consider putting it directly toward your 401(k). Putting this money directly toward your retirement can help you inch closer to maxing out your 401(k) contributions.

6. Maximize Your 401(k) Returns and Fees

Many people may not know what they’re paying in investment fees or management fees for their 401(k) plans. By some estimates, the average fees for 401(k) plans are between 1% and 2%, but some plans can have up to 3.5%.

Fees add up — even if your employer is paying the fees now, you’ll have to pay them if you leave the job and keep the 401(k).

Essentially, if an investor has $100,000 in a 401(k) and pays $1,000 or 1% (or more) in fees per year, the fees could add up to thousands of dollars over time. Any fees you have to pay can chip away at your retirement savings and reduce your returns.

It’s important to ensure you’re getting the most for your money in order to maximize your retirement savings. If you are currently working for the company, you could discuss high fees with your HR team. One of the easiest ways to lower your costs is to find more affordable investment options. Typically, the biggest bargains can be index funds, which often charge lower fees than other investments.

If your employer’s plan offers an assortment of low-cost index funds or institutional funds, you can invest in these funds to build a diversified portfolio.

If you have a 401(k) account from a previous employer, you might consider moving your old 401(k) into a lower-fee plan. It’s also worth examining what kind of funds you’re invested in and if it’s meeting your financial goals and risk tolerance.

What Happens When You Max Out Your 401(k)?

After you’ve maxed out your 401(k) for the year — meaning you’ve hit the contribution limit corresponding to your age range — then you’ll need to stop making contributions or risk paying additional taxes on your overcontributions.

In the event that you do make an overcontribution, you’ll need to take some additional steps such as letting your plan manager or administrator know, and perhaps withdrawing the excess amount. If you leave the excess in the account, it’ll be taxed twice — once when it was contributed initially, and again when you take it out.

What to Do After Maxing Out a 401(k)?

If you max out your 401(k) this year, pat yourself on the back. Maxing out your 401(k) is a financial accomplishment. But now you might be wondering, what’s next? Here are some additional retirement savings options to consider if you have already maxed out your 401(k).

Open an IRA

An individual retirement account (IRA) can be a good complement to your employer’s retirement plans. The pre-tax guidelines of this plan are pretty straightforward.

You can save up to $6,500 pre-tax dollars in an IRA if you meet individual IRS requirements for tax year 2023. If you’re 50 or older, you can contribute an extra $1,000, totaling $7,500, to an IRA.

You may also choose to consider a Roth IRA. Roth IRA accounts have income limits, but if you’re eligible, you can contribute with after-tax dollars, which means you won’t have to pay taxes on earnings withdrawals in retirement as you do with traditional IRAs.

You can open an IRA at a brokerage, mutual fund company, or other financial institution. If you ever leave your job, you can roll your employer’s 401(k) into your IRA without facing any tax consequences as long as they are both traditional accounts. Doing a rollover may allow you to invest in a broader range of investments with lower fees.

Is your retirement piggy bank feeling light?

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Boost an Emergency Fund

Experts often advise establishing an emergency fund with at least six months of living expenses before contributing to a retirement savings plan. Perhaps you’ve already done that — but haven’t updated that account in a while. As your living expenses increase, it’s a good idea to make sure your emergency fund grows, too. This will cover you financially in case of life’s little curveballs: new brake pads, a new roof, or unforeseen medical expenses.

The money in an emergency fund should be accessible at a moment’s notice, which means it needs to comprise liquid assets such as cash. You’ll also want to make sure the account is FDIC insured, so that your money is protected if something happens to the bank or financial institution.

Save for Health Care Costs

Contributing to a health savings account (HSA) can reduce out-of-pocket costs for expected and unexpected health care expenses. For tax year 2023, eligible individuals can contribute up to $3,850 pre-tax dollars for an individual plan or up to $7,750 for a family plan.

The money in this account can be used for qualified out-of-pocket medical expenses such as copays for doctor visits and prescriptions. Another option is to leave the money in the account and let it grow for retirement. Once you reach age 65, the funds are tax-free when you use them for qualified medical expenses. If you spend the funds in other ways, they are taxed as income with no penalties.

Increase College Savings

If you’re feeling good about maxing out your 401(k), consider increasing contributions to your child’s 529 college savings plan (a tax-advantaged account meant specifically for education costs, sponsored by states and educational institutions).

College costs continue to creep up every year. Helping your children pay for college helps minimize the burden of college expenses, so they hopefully don’t have to take on many student loans.

Open a Brokerage Account

After you max out your 401(k), you may also consider opening a brokerage account. Brokerage firms offer various types of investment account brokerage accounts, each with different services and fees. A full-service brokerage firm may provide different financial services, which include allowing you to trade securities.

Most brokerage firms require you to have a certain amount of cash to open their accounts and have enough funds to account for trading fees and commissions. While there are no limits on how much you can contribute to the account, earned interest or dividends are taxable. Therefore, if you earn a profit or sell an asset, you must pay a capital gains tax. On the other hand, if you sell a stock at a loss, that becomes a capital loss. This means that the transaction may yield a tax break by lowering your taxable income.

Will You Have Enough to Retire After Maxing Out 401(k)?

There are many factors that need to be considered, however, start by getting a sense of how much you’ll need to retire by using a retirement expense calculator. Then you can decide whether maxing out your 401(k) for many years will be enough to get you there, even assuming an average stock market return and compounding built in.

First and foremost, you’ll need to consider your lifestyle and where you plan on living after retirement. If you want to spend a lot in your later years, you’ll need more money. As such, a 401(k) may not be enough to get you through retirement all on its own, and you may need additional savings and investments to make sure you’ll have enough.

Pros and Cons of Maxing Out Your 401(k)

There are some pros and cons to maxing out your 401(k).

Pros of 401(k) Max Out

The most obvious advantage to maxing out your 401(k) is that your retirement savings account will be bigger, which can lead to more growth over time. That’s critical if you hope to indeed retire some day, and by maxing out your 401(k) every year, you should be able to hit your goals sooner.

Maxing out your 401(k) can also make your saving and investing relatively easy, as long as you’re taking a no-lift approach to setting your money aside thanks to automatic contributions.

Cons of 401(k) Max Out

The downsides of maxing out a 401(k) include the fact that not everyone is in a financial position to do so. Depending on your specific financial situation, you simply may not be able to afford to contribute the maximum amount per year, especially if you’re also tackling debt and taking aim at other savings goals.

There are also opportunity costs to consider, which boil down to the fact that you may be able to do something else with your money besides put it in your retirement plan. During years when the stock or crypto markets generate massive returns, for example, you may have been able to generate more money investing in other assets rather than locking up your money for retirement.

That said, putting money away — no matter how you do it — isn’t really a bad thing, and it’s likely always better than frittering it away on unnecessary expenditures.

The Takeaway

Maxing out your 401(k) involves matching your employer’s maximum contribution match, and also, contributing as much as legally allowed to your retirement plan in a given year. For 2023, that limit is $22,500, or $30,000 if you’re over age 50. If you have the flexibility in your budget to do so, maxing out a 401(k) can be an effective way to build retirement savings.

And once you max out your 401(k)? There are other smart ways to direct your money. You can open an IRA, contribute more to an HSA, or to a child’s 529 plan. If you’re looking to roll over an old 401(k) into an IRA, or open a new one, SoFi Invest® can help. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions (the full fee schedule is here), and you can access complimentary professional advice.

For a limited time, opening and funding an account gives you the opportunity to win up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.

FAQ

What happens if I max out my 401(k) every year?

Assuming you don’t overcontribute, you should see your retirement savings swell if you max out your 401(k) every year, and hopefully, be able to reach your retirement and savings goals sooner.


SoFi Invest®
The information provided is not meant to provide investment or financial advice. Also, past performance is no guarantee of future results.
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