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If you’re attending a public university that is not in your home state, establishing residency could significantly reduce the tuition bill. However, establishing residency for the sole purpose of qualifying for in-state tuition can be difficult. Generally, you need to be financially independent, live in the state for at least a year, and demonstrate that you intend to stay in order to be considered a resident of a new state.

Read on for a closer look at what it takes to establish residency where you go to college, whether or not it’s worth the effort, plus other ways to get a break on out-of-state tuition at a public university.

Establishing Residency

Each state has their own requirements for establishing residency. Requirements can also vary based on the university, which can add confusion to the process. Here are some of the general requirements that states and universities often require to determine residency:

•   Physical presence: Most states need you to be a resident for 12 consecutive months before you qualify for in-state tuition. The time to establish residency could be more or less, depending on the state.

•   Intent: Students generally must prove that they are living in a state for more reasons than just attending school.

•   Financial independence: Typically, students must prove they are financially independent and no longer supported by their parents.

3 Tips for Establishing Residency

Establishing residency can be difficult, but with these tips and a little legwork, you may be able to become a resident of the state where you go to college and, possibly, slash your tuition bill.

1. Relocate as Soon as Possible

Since most states require you to be a resident for 12 consecutive months, it makes sense to relocate as soon as you can. If you are currently enrolled in a school, and are hoping to establish residency, this could mean spending your summers on-campus or at the very least in that state. You may also need to rent or buy property, as well as pay income taxes in your new state.

In addition, you’ll likely have to cut ties to your home state and do things like change your voter registration.

2. Boost Your Reasons for Moving

You usually need to prove the reason you moved to the state wasn’t solely for getting in-state tuition.

There are a few things you can do to help prove intent:

•   Get a new driver’s license

•   Register a vehicle

•   Get a state hunting and/or fishing license

•   Open a local bank account

•   Get a local library card

Having any of these things in your old state may make it more difficult to establish residency in your new state.

3. You May Have to Distance Yourself from Your Parents

One of the common requirements for establishing residency is financial independence. This can make establishing residency extremely difficult for students between the ages of 18 and 22 who are still being supported by their parents. Becoming an independent student before the age of 24 can be challenging, both logistically and emotionally.

You may already be an independent student if:

•   You are married

•   You are a veteran

•   You have dependents of your own

•   You are a legally emancipated minor

If you are a dependent student, it’s worth weighing the pros and cons of establishing residency on your own. It could mean delaying graduation and paying for college without any help from your family.

Alternatives to Establishing Residency

Establishing residency in a new state isn’t always the only option for getting in-state tuition. Some states participate in regional reciprocity agreements that let students attend colleges in bordering states at a discount.

Here are a few examples:

1. New England Regional Student Program

Run by the New England Board of Higher Education, this program allows New England residents to enroll in out-of-state New England public colleges and universities at a discount. To be eligible for the program, students must enroll in an approved major that is not offered by the public colleges and universities in their home state.

This program includes six states: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont.

2. Midwest Student Exchange Program

Through the MSEP , public institutions agree to charge students no more than 150% of the in-state resident tuition rate for specific programs. Some private colleges and universities offer a 10% reduction on their tuition rates.

Participating states include: Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and Wisconsin. You can use its database to find colleges and universities participating in the program.

3. Southern Regional Education Board’s Academic Common Market

This program is similar to the New England Regional Student Program. It provides tuition savings to students in the 16 SREB states who are interested in pursuing degrees that are not offered by their in-state institutions. Students are able to enroll in out-of-state institutions that offer their degree program, but they pay the in-state tuition rate.

Participating states include: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. You can use its database to find participating institutions.

4. Western Undergraduate Exchange

The Western Undergraduate Exchange is open to students from any of the 16 states that participate in the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education (WICHE). The program allows students to enroll as nonresidents in more than 170 participating public colleges and universities and pay 150% (or less) of the enrolling school’s resident tuition.

Participating states and territories include: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, U.S. Pacific Territories and Freely Associated States, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

5. Exceptions for Students without Residency

Sometimes, residency rules are waived or are more lenient for students with special circumstances, including veterans or the children of military personnel.

There is no single database of these exceptions, so if you think you may qualify for one, check with the colleges you are interested in to see whether there are any exceptions and how you can apply for them.

Recommended: What Is the Cost of Attendance in College?

Types of Student Loans to Help Students Pay for College

Even if you’re able to establish residency in a new state and qualify for in-state tuition, you still may need help paying for college. Scholarships, grants, and work-study are types of financial aid that are not required to be repaid. Beyond that, student loans are also an option. There are two major categories for student loans: federal and private.

Federal Student Loans for Undergraduate Students

Federal student loans are funded by the U.S. government and are subject to a set of standard rules and regulations. The interest rate on federal loans is fixed, which means it remains the same over the life of the loan. These interest rates are set annually by Congress.

There are two main types of federal student loans that may be available to undergraduate students — Direct Subsidized or Direct Unsubsidized Loans.

Direct Subsidized student loans are awarded based on financial need. The interest on these loans is paid for (or subsidized) by the U.S. Department of Education during the following periods:

•   While the student is enrolled in school at least half-time

•   During the loan’s grace period, which is usually the first six months after the borrower graduates or drops below half-time enrollment

•   During qualifying periods of deferment, which is a period of time when loan payments are paused

Borrowers with unsubsidized loans are responsible for all of the interest that accrues on the loan, even while they are attending school.

To apply for a federal student loan, students must fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®). Students interested in receiving financial aid must submit the FAFSA each year.

Private Student Loans

Private student loans are borrowed directly from private lenders like banks or other financial institutions. These loans may have fixed or variable interest rates. Unlike the federal student loans available to undergraduate students, which do not require a credit check, private lenders will generally review a borrower’s credit history, among other factors, when making their lending decisions.

In general, you’ll want to consider private student loans only after you’ve tapped any federal loan options available to you. This is because private lenders do not offer the same protections — such as income-driven repayment plans — to borrowers.

Recommended: Fixed Rate vs. Variable Rate Student Loans

The Takeaway

Establishing residency can help a student qualify for in-state tuition, which could lead to a substantial savings in tuition costs. Unfortunately, establishing residency for the purpose of qualifying for in-state tuition, especially as a dependent student, can be challenging. Some states, however, have reciprocity agreements with other states, which allows you to benefit from lower tuition without establishing residency in a new state.

Whatever tuition you end up paying, there are resources that can help make the cost of going to college more manageable, including financial aid and federal and private student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

How do you get residency in a state for college?

To get residency for college, you must live in the state for a specified period, usually one year. You also need to establish ties, such as getting a job, registering to vote, and obtaining a state driver’s license. Check the specific requirements of the state and university.

Is there a way to avoid out-of-state tuition?

Yes, you can avoid out-of-state tuition by establishing residency in the new state, joining the military, participating in reciprocal agreements, or enrolling in a program that offers in-state rates to non-residents. Some universities also have exceptions for certain students.

Do I lose in-state tuition if I move?

If you move out of state, you may lose in-state tuition rates at your current university. You would typically be charged out-of-state tuition unless you establish residency in the new state or qualify for specific exemptions.

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SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOISL-Q325-015

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Tuition-free college sounds like a fantasy. But at some colleges and universities, it is possible for students to qualify to attend without paying tuition costs.

Not all colleges offer free tuition, and some may require students who are receiving free tuition to maintain certain academic standards or meet other requirements. Other colleges may offer a reduced-tuition option for eligible students.

When considering that attending a four-year college can cost tens of thousands of dollars, the appeal of free tuition is obvious. Read on for more details about how free-tuition programs work and an overview of colleges that offer free or reduced tuition.

What Is Tuition-Free?

Tuition-free college is where the cost of tuition is covered for eligible students, often through government funding or institutional aid. This can apply to community colleges, public universities, or specific programs, reducing financial barriers to higher education.

There are a limited number of schools that offer free college tuition to students. There are also schools that offer free tuition if your parents earn less than a certain amount of money per year.

Keep in mind that offers of free college tuition often may not include other costs like books, fees, transportation, or room and board. Researching the total cost of attendance at your chosen institution will give you a complete picture of your financial obligation.

Still, tuition is, generally speaking, a huge cost — so not having to pay it could mean huge savings.

Why We Need Tuition-Free College

For many families, college is prohibitively expensive. Parents who want to foot the bill for their kids may feel stressed and guilty when they find they can’t afford the cost of college out of pocket, and students themselves may feel the repercussions of the exorbitant cost of school for decades.

Still, there are both pros and cons to consider when deciding whether a tuition-free university is right for you. Here are some things to consider.


💡 Quick Tip: Fund your education with a low-rate, no-fee SoFi private student loan that covers all school-certified costs.

Pros of Free College Tuition

The main pro of free college tuition is saving money. Maybe you had planned on taking out student loans to pay for school. Think of the financial freedom you could enjoy if you didn’t have to spend years paying off student loans after graduation.

Second, free tuition can help make college more accessible for low-income students. If your family can’t financially contribute to your education, and you aren’t willing or able to accumulate educational loan debt, free tuition programs can make college a possibility.

Recommended: “College vs University: What’s the Difference?“

Cons of Free College Tuition

Few colleges offer free tuition to all students, which means your options for schools may be more limited. Some tuition-free programs are competitive. A few of these programs are connected with the U.S. Military and require students to serve after graduation.

Many tuition-free colleges are small, private schools, and a good amount are religion-based. You may want to consider whether these are environments you would enjoy for four years.

Because there are so few schools offering free tuition, attending school may require you to move further away from home. Depending on the student, this could be a pro or con.

Some schools have certain requirements for those who attend and/or receive free tuition, such as participating in a work-study program, maintaining a certain GPA, or living on campus.

Before you apply to a tuition-free program, you’ll want to consider all the pros and cons to decide if the program is right for you.

Schools That Offer Free College Tuition to All Students

Here are 31 tuition-free colleges in the U.S. Fifteen offer free tuition for all students, and 16 offer free tuition to students from low-income families.

Service Academies

The United States Air Force Academy (Colorado)

The Air Force Academy provides free tuition, room, board, and medical and dental benefits. Students must serve as an officer in the Air Force for at least eight years, and at least five of those years must be in active duty.

The United States Coast Guard Academy (New London, Connecticut)

The Coast Guard Academy offers students free tuition, room, and board. Students must serve as a Coast Guard officer for at least five years after graduation.

The United States Merchant Marine Academy (Nassau County, New York)

Midshipmen receive free tuition, uniforms, books, room, and board. Basic medical and dental care are also provided by the Academy’s Office of Health Services. However, any healthcare expenses that exceed the provided health plan will need to be covered. Students are also responsible for transportation during leave periods. The Academy recommends applying for student loans if you need help with these expenses. Service obligations after graduation may vary between five and eight years.

The United States Military Academy at West Point (West Point, New York)

Tuition, room, board, and medical and dental insurance are free for West Point students, and they also receive a monthly stipend. Incoming Plebes, as new students are called, have to pay a one-time fee of $8,400 to cover uniforms, books, and other equipment. Graduates are commissioned as Second Lieutenants in the Army. You must serve a minimum of eight years, though that obligation is a combination of Active Duty and Reserve.

The United States Naval Academy (Annapolis, Maryland)

The Navy covers students’ tuition, room, board, and medical and dental costs. In return, they must serve in active duty for at least five years after graduation.

Four-Year Schools

Alice Lloyd College (Pippa Passes, Kentucky)

This liberal arts college provides free tuition to residents of Central Appalachia, which spans five states including Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. Students are required to participate in the Student Work Program , which involves at least 10 hours per week and 160 hours per semester. They must cover expenses other than tuition.

Barclay College (Haviland, Kansas)

This Christian school provides a scholarship equal to the amount of tuition to students who live on campus. Students must cover the cost of room, board, or other fees.

Berea College (Berea, Kentucky)

Berea is a liberal arts school that provides free tuition to all students. In order to qualify, students must come from families with limited resources. The average annual family income of Berea students is less than $32,000. Students, however, pay some costs , including room, board, health and dental care, which add up to about $4,000 per semester. Almost all Berea students (96%) receive Pell Grants to cover those costs.

College of the Ozarks (Point Lookout, Missouri)

This Christian liberal arts college provides free tuition for full-time students, provided they participate in the work-study program, which involves 15 hours per week and two 40-hour workweeks per year. Room, board, fees, or books are not included.

Curtis Institute of Music (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania)

The conservatory provides free tuition to undergraduate and graduate students through merit-based scholarships. If students need financial assistance for other fees and living expenses, they can participate in the work-study program.

Macaulay Honors College (New York City, New York)

The highly selective honors college is part of the City University of New York. It provides free tuition to New York state residents who are admitted to the program. Students must maintain a certain GPA during their time at Macaulay, and they are responsible for additional fees including covering room and board.

Warren Wilson College (Swannanoa, North Carolina)

Warren Wilson is a small, private liberal arts college in North Carolina. Students who qualify for federal and/or North Carolina state-based aid receive free tuition. You must be a North Carolina resident, enroll as a full-time student, live on campus, and participate in the work-study program. If you don’t qualify for free tuition at Warren Wilson, the school is known for providing generous scholarships.

Webb Institute (Glen Cove, New York)

This engineering college provides free tuition to all students and financial aid opportunities to cover additional fees. The school offers only one undergraduate degree: a dual Bachelor of Science in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering.

Junior Colleges

Deep Springs College (Deep Springs, California)

This unique two-year college is located on a remote cattle ranch in California. Only 12 to 15 students are admitted each year, and tuition, room, and board are free. Students can apply for additional scholarships if they need help covering other expenses.

Williamson College of the Trades (Media, Pennsylvania)

This men’s vocational college teaches trades such as carpentry, power plant technology, and masonry. Each student receives the Williamson Scholarship, which is need-based and can be as high as $38,900, which is $140 shy of the school’s estimated costs for tuition, room, board, and annual fees.

Schools That Offer Free or Reduced Income-Based College Tuition

The following schools offer varying amounts of tuition assistance depending on a student’s family income level. Based on the information a student provides on the yearly Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®), schools take into account both parent contributions and student contributions to determine financial need.

Offers of free tuition may sometimes mean that the parent contribution is equal to zero, but there may still be an expected student contribution.

Ivy League Schools

Brown University (Providence, Rhode Island)

Brown fully covers tuition for families earning $125,000 or less. In addition, students of families making less than $60,000 a year will receive scholarships that cover all expenses including tuition, room, board, and books. Students can apply for additional scholarships to help support other expenses.

Columbia University (New York City, New York)

Students qualify to attend tuition-free if their parents earn less than $150,000 annually and have typical assets. For students coming from families who earn less than $66,000 annually, there is no expectation of parental financial contribution. All incoming first-year students are expected to pay $2,400, which is the minimum student contribution as part of their financial aid award.

Cornell University (Ithaca, New York)

Cornell guarantees no parental contribution and no loans for students whose families earn less than $60,000 per year and typical assets. For students from families with total annual income up to $75,000, the annual aid offers include grants and work-study only — students are not expected to need to take out loans.

Dartmouth College (Hanover, New Hampshire)

For students whose families earn less than $65,000 per year with typical assets, there’s no expectation of parental contribution, and the aid award does not include any loans. Students are expected to contribute toward their own expenses, but they can choose to take a loan if needed. The Dartmouth Scholarship provides free tuition for students from families with total incomes of $125,000 or less who possess typical assets.

Harvard University (Cambridge, Massachusetts)

Harvard University has announced that, beginning in the 2025-26 academic year, students from families with annual incomes of $200,000 or less will receive free tuition, while those from households earning $100,000 or less will have all billed expenses — including tuition, housing, food, health insurance, and travel — fully covered.

Princeton University (Princeton, New Jersey)

Princeton offers full tuition, room, and board for students whose parents earn less than $100,000 per year. Families above that threshold still receive substantial aid depending on assets and number of children in college.

University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania)

Students from families with incomes less than $200,000 (and typical assets) receive financial aid packages that cover tuition, fees, room, and board. UPenn states they are also eligible for additional benefits, like laptop funding and summer opportunity funds. This builds on Penn’s long-standing no-loan policy and its earlier Penn First Plus program, which fully covered tuition, fees, housing, and dining for families earning up to $75,000.

Yale University (New Haven, Connecticut)

Yale expects zero parent contribution for students whose families earn less than $75,000 per year and have typical assets. Students from families who earn between $75,000 and $200,000 (with typical assets) contribute a percentage of their annual income towards their child’s education, on a sliding scale that begins at 1% and moves toward 20%.

Other Elite Schools

Duke University (Durham, North Carolina)

Beginning with the fall 2023 semester, Duke will provide full tuition grants for undergraduate students from North Carolina and South Carolina whose family incomes are $150,000 or less. For North and South Carolina residents, students whose families earn $65,000 or less will receive full tuition, plus financial assistance for housing, meals, and other campus expenses, and there’s no expectation they will need to take out loans.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT (Cambridge, Massachusetts)

MIT ensures scholarship funding for students whose family income is less than $200,000 (plus typical assets) so most can attend tuition-free. Furthermore, families earning under $100,000 can expect zero parental contribution toward their student’s total cost of attendance — including tuition, housing, dining, fees, and an allowance for books and personal expenses.

Rice University (Houston, Texas)

Students from families who earn less than $75,000 annually can attend Rice with an aid package that covers tuition, fees, and room and board. Students from families with annual incomes between $75,000 and $140,000 are awarded full-tuition scholarships, and students from families earning between $140,000 and $200,000 will receive scholarships covering at least half of their tuition.

Stanford University (Stanford, California)

Stanford does not expect parental contribution toward educational costs for students whose parents earn a total annual income below $100,000 and typical assets. Students are expected to contribute toward their own expenses — usually around $5,000 — from their summer income, part-time work during the school year, and their own savings. Students from families who earn less than $150,000 per year plus typical assets can typically attend Stanford tuition-free.

Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas)

Texas A&M covers both tuition and fees for students whose family income is $60,000 or less. Tuition support grants, ranging from $500-$1,500, are awarded based on income and financial need.

University of Chicago (Chicago, Illinois)

If your family’s adjusted gross income is less than $125,000, you’re eligible to receive free tuition to the University of Chicago. If your family’s AGI is less than $60,000, the school will also cover room, board, and other fees.

University of North Carolina (17 campuses across North Carolina)

As of fall 2024, UNC covers tuition and mandatory fees for North Carolina students whose families earn less than $80,000 annually and have typical assets. Students from families with a total income that is at or below 200% of the poverty guideline and who meet additional economic criteria to qualify can attend UNC debt-free thanks to the Carolina Covenant aid program.

Vanderbilt University (Nashville, Tennessee)

Vanderbilt’s Opportunity Vanderbilt initiative, expanded in February 2024, guarantees a full‑tuition scholarship — without loans — for all U.S. undergraduate students from families earning $150,000 or less (assuming typical assets), and often extends additional grant support for living expenses beyond tuition.In practice, families in lower income brackets often receive awards surpassing full tuition — measured median aid ranges from about $75,000 to $95,000, depending on income tier.

Financing Your Education If You Don’t Qualify For Free Tuition

Not all students will qualify for or attend a school that offers free tuition. There are several options for financing college.

Tuition Payment Plans

Students and their parents may be able to take advantage of a tuition payment plan, which allows you to break up the cost of tuition, room, and board, over the course of a semester or year.

Scholarships and Grants

Scholarships and grants are often referred to as “gift aid,” because you don’t typically have to pay back scholarships or grant money after graduation as you do with student loans.

Scholarships are often offered based on merit, while grants are typically based on financial need. Gift aid can come from different types of institutions — from your college to local community organizations to large corporations.

Recommended: A Guide to Unclaimed Scholarships and Grants

Student Loans

Unlike scholarships and grants, you do have to repay student loans upon leaving school or graduating. Student loans are split into two broad categories: federal and private loans.

Federal student loans are disbursed by the government, which sets fixed rules about repayment and interest rates. You apply for these loans by filling out the FAFSA.

Private financial institutions may provide private student loans. Each private loan company sets its own repayment requirements and determines their own interest rates. You apply for these loans directly through the lender.

Private student loans are generally considered as an option only after all other sources of aid have been exhausted. This is because they lack the same borrower protections as federal student loans, such as income-driven repayment plans or the option to pursue Public Service Loan Forgiveness.


💡 Quick Tip: Even if you don’t think you qualify for financial aid, you should fill out the FAFSA form. Many schools require it for merit-based scholarships, too. You can submit it as early as Oct. 1.

The Takeaway

There are a number of schools that offer free tuition plans or substantial financial assistance to students. Free tuition programs can make higher education more accessible to lower-income students. As mentioned, some schools may have requirements around work-study, academics, or living on campus for students to qualify for free or reduced tuition.

Students who aren’t enrolled in a school that offers free tuition have a few options for financing their education. This includes savings, federal financial aid, scholarships, and federal student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

Do any states have free college tuition?

Several states offer free college tuition programs, including New York, Tennessee, Oregon, and Rhode Island. These programs typically have specific eligibility criteria, such as income limits or residency requirements, and may cover community college or public university tuition.

How can you go to college with no money?

To attend college with no money, explore options like scholarships, grants, federal work-study programs, and community college. Consider applying for financial aid, seeking part-time jobs, or enrolling in free tuition programs offered by some states.

Do any Ivy League schools have free tuition?

Harvard recently announced that tuition will be free for students from families making less than $200,000 per year. Several other Ivy League schools provide significant financial aid to eligible students, covering full tuition for those with low family incomes. Princeton and Yale are among the institutions with generous need-based aid programs.

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SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

SOISL-Q325-011 Read more

Americans now hold a total of $1.77 trillion in student debt (including federal and private loans). For many people, educational loans are the biggest debt burden they’ll ever face, and the prospect of having to pay them off can seem overwhelming.

Figuring all this out can be hard on your own. Fortunately, there are counseling services available to help you navigate student debt no matter what stage of the process you are in.

Here’s a look at how student loan counseling works and how to determine the best path for managing student loan debt.

What Not to Do If You Need Student Loan Help

The worst thing you can do if you need help with your student loans is to stop making payments on them. Not making payments can lead to student loan default.

Defaulting has serious consequences, including a major hit to your credit score, possible wage garnishment, loss of eligibility for federal benefits, and more.

Instead, regardless of your current situation, a solid plan can help you tackle your student loans in a way that fits your circumstances and goals.


💡 Quick Tip: Some lenders help you pay down your student loans sooner with reward points you earn along the way.

What Is Student Loan Entrance Counseling?

Student loan entrance counseling is a mandatory exercise designed to inform federal loan recipients of their loan terms and responsibilities as borrowers. More specifically, the session covers student loan interest rates, repayment options, and the repercussions for default.

The Department of Education’s online module includes five sections with a range of loan-specific and financial topics, while schools have some discretion in how they deliver counseling sessions.

This requirement has been in place since the Federal Direct Loan program was created in 1992 with the goal of reducing delinquency.

When Do I Go For Student Loan Counseling?

If you’re borrowing federal student loans for the first time, student loan entrance counseling is a prerequisite for accessing funds. Therefore, it’s important to complete the session before the first loan disbursement.

Borrowers with Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans, as well as graduate students taking out Direct PLUS Loans, are required to participate in student loan entrance counseling. Students may be obligated to take additional entrance counseling at their chosen school, too, so be sure to check with the financial aid office.

Where Do I Go for Student Loan Counseling?

Whether you have federal or private student loans, there are services available to help you with financial wellness, budgeting, and understanding your loans. You can access student loan counseling at the following servicers:

Federal Student Loan Counseling

Before federal loans are disbursed, the government requires borrowers to complete student loan entrance counseling to understand their rights and what’s expected of them. The process is automated and online, and it takes up to half an hour to complete.

Similarly, when students graduate or are enrolled less than half-time, they must complete exit counseling online. Don’t just do this to check the box. Student loan exit counseling is designed to help you establish a solid foundation for dealing with student loans.

Loan Servicers

The government contracts with several loan servicers to handle federal student loans. It should be relatively easy to get in touch with a servicer by phone, email, or even online chat. It’s in the companies’ best interest to make sure you make payments.

Their agents typically work with borrowers to help them understand their debt, figure out the best repayment plan, and process requests for deferment or forbearance. The quality of advice can vary, but this can be a helpful first step for getting answers to questions or getting on track with repayment.

National Foundation for Credit Counseling

Founded in 1951, the National Foundation for Credit Counseling (NFCC) offers financial counseling on various issues, including student loan debt. The group’s certified credit counselors work with people to help them understand the benefits and drawbacks of various student loan repayment plans, how to make payments affordable, whether consolidation makes sense for you, and how to reduce the overall interest you pay.

Counselors offer to provide a comprehensive plan for managing student debt, taking an individual’s entire financial situation into account, rather than looking at student loans in a vacuum. Though NFCC doesn’t provide services for free, fees are typically low or based on how much you afford.

Clearpoint

Clearpoint, a division of Money Management International, is a nonprofit agency that offers student loan counseling. Their counselors examine your overall financial situation and discuss the best way forward, including repayment plans, consolidation, or rehabilitation.

They say they may suggest a debt management program if you are also having difficulty with credit card debt. The debt management program has relatively low fees, and the group says it will remove or reduce fees for clients with financial hardship.

GreenPath

GreenPath, another nonprofit, offers to review all your loans and provide an “unbiased assessment” and a customized plan based on your situation.

The initial consultation is free, but they also offer a higher tier of service if you want more in-depth analysis. If you want them to serve as your advocate by contacting the loan servicer on your behalf, you’ll be charged a fee.

Why Is Student Loan Entrance Counseling Important?

Figuring out how to get a student loan is just the beginning. Repaying loans is a long-term responsibility not to be taken lightly. In fact, the average borrower takes around 20 years to pay off their student loans.

If you’re in the process of taking out student loans, you’ll want to make sure you fully understand what the total cost of the loan will be and what repayment will look like, including what your payments will be, when they will start, and how long they will last.

Student loan entrance counseling unpacks how interest accrues over time and best practices for managing repayment. This can help you minimize the total interest paid over the life of the loan and steer clear of late fees or default.


💡 Quick Tip: Would-be borrowers will want to understand the different types of student loans that are available: private student loans, Federal Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans, Direct PLUS Loans, and more.

The Takeaway

Student loan entrance (and exit) counseling is required for all federal student loan borrowers and is designed to inform borrowers of how student loans work, with the goal of minimizing the number of students who default on their student loans.

In addition, there are a number of nonprofit agencies that offer student loan counseling to borrowers who would like help navigating the student loan repayment process. Many of these organizations will offer some general student loan counseling for free, while more in-depth help typically carries a fee. Many private lenders will also offer guidance on repayment free or charge.

If you’re still in the process of financing for your education, you may want to explore tapping a variety of options, including federal financial aid and federal and private student loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

Can credit counseling help with student loans?

Credit counseling can provide general financial advice and help you manage debt, but it typically doesn’t offer specific solutions for student loans. For specialized assistance, consider student loan counseling or contacting your loan servicer directly.

What happens if I don’t do student loan exit counseling?

If you skip student loan exit counseling, you might miss important information about repayment options, grace periods, and deferment. This could lead to misunderstandings, missed payments, and potential default, affecting your credit score and financial future.

What are the cons of student loan counseling?

Student loan counseling can be time-consuming and may not always provide personalized advice. Some students might find the information overwhelming or confusing, and there’s no guarantee it will prevent default or reduce debt significantly.

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SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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College can be expensive. According to the College Board, the average cost of tuition and fees at a four-year private nonprofit institution for the 2024-25 school year was $43,350.

While that number may inspire sticker shock, there are options for students looking to make college more affordable. Some cost-cutting strategies include taking AP classes in high school, starting out at a community college, living at home to save on room and board, and applying for a variety of scholarships.

Keep reading for a closer look at these (plus other) ways to cut expenses and save money on college.

Ways to Make College More Economical

1. Take Advantage of AP Credits

Taking Advanced Placement (AP) credits in high school could cut down on the overall cost of college. Here’s how: If you take an AP course and get a 3 or higher on the AP exam, colleges may count that class towards the overall credit hours you need to graduate.

The average cost of one credit hour at a public four-year college is $406 (the average cost per course is $1,218). The more credits you enter college with, the fewer total credits you typically have to pay for, and the quicker you can jump into more advanced courses. Early graduation is one way to make college more affordable.

Of course, not all schools accept all AP credits. Some ultra-competitive schools may not let you use AP courses to reduce the total number of credits you’ll need to graduate or to skip introductory level courses.

2. Start Out at a Community College

Where you choose to go to college can have a big influence on the overall cost. Some students may consider starting their college journey at a community college and then transferring to a four-year college or university to finish their degree.

One of the benefits of community college is that courses can be significantly less expensive than at a four year college. According to the College Board, the average cost for tuition and fees for a student attending a two-year, in-district public college was $4,050 during the 2024-25 school year.

3. Attend an In-State University or College

If community college isn’t the right fit for you, you might consider attending an in-state college or university. Typically, in-state tuition is more affordable than out-of-state tuition or tuition at a private college.

According to the College Board, the cost of tuition and fees for in-state tuition at a four-year public institution averaged $11,610 for the 2024-25 school year. For out-of-state students, that rose to $30,780. However, that is still significantly less than the average cost of tuition and fees for private four-year universities, which was $43,350.

4. Look into Regional Tuition Exchange Programs

Students who are attending a school in a nearby state can look into tuition reciprocity programs to see if their school offers anything. Reciprocal tuition is when states offer students from a partner state in-state tuition. For example, Minnesota and Wisconsin have a tuition reciprocity agreement. This is one avenue that allows out-of-state students to pay in-state tuition.

5. Commute to School and Live at Home

Room and board is another major expense for students living away from home. If you are attending a school near your home, you could consider living with your family a bit longer. Living at home can help students save a significant amount of money on college.

Recommended: How to Pay for College With No Money Saved

6. Live Off Campus

Living on-campus can have benefits like proximity to classes, friends, and extracurriculars, but on-campus living can be pricey. Depending on where your school is located and what the rental housing market is like, living off-campus may be less expensive than paying for on-campus housing.

Some schools might require first-year students, or even in some cases upper-classmen, to live on-campus. Others may not have these restrictions. Often, schools will publish information on what percentage of the study body lives on-campus vs. off-campus, which can help inform what popular living situations at that school are.

7. Apply for Financial Aid Early

Federal financial aid includes scholarships, grants, work-study, and federal student loans. Some aid is awarded on a first-come, first-served basis, so applying early could potentially help you qualify for more aid than if you had applied closer to the deadline.

To apply for federal financial aid, students are required to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®) annually. Schools may also use the information provided on the FAFSA to determine scholarship awards.

8. Choose the Right Student Loan

There can be a lot to consider when picking a student loan. There are two broad categories of student loans — private and federal. Federal loans are awarded to students based on information in their FAFSA. Private student loans are borrowed from individual lenders, such as banks, credit unions, or other financial institutions.

When evaluating your financial aid package, make note of the types of federal student loans you are awarded. For undergraduates, there are two main federal loans: unsubsidized and subsidized loans.

Direct Subsidized Loans

On Direct Subsidized Loans, the federal government covers the interest that accrues while you are enrolled in school at least half-time and during the loan’s grace period. These are awarded based on financial need. While it can seem minor, not having to pay interest on the loan for four or so years can significantly reduce the total cost of the loan.

Direct Unsubsidized Loans

For a Direct Unsubsidized Loan, the borrower is responsible for paying all accrued interest. Financial need is not a factor in qualifying for a Direct Unsubsidized Loan.

Private Student Loans

If you are exploring private student loans as an option to pay for college, know that they don’t always offer the same options or borrower protections as federal student loans. Individual lenders can set their own rates and repayment terms, so be sure to read the fine print before borrowing. In general, private student loans are considered an option only after all other sources of funding, including federal student loans, have been evaluated.

While considering private student loans, it’s a good idea to look at a few different lenders to find the best rate and terms for your personal situation. When making lending decisions, lenders will generally evaluate a borrower’s (or their cosigner’s) credit score and history, among other factors.

💡 Quick Tip: New to private student loans? Visit the Private Student Loans Glossary to get familiar with key terms you will see during the process.

9. Target Specific Scholarships

A scholarship is money awarded to students to help pay for school expenses, and it generally doesn’t need to be repaid. Because of this, applying for scholarships can go a long way in reducing the amount of money a student has to spend on college.

Scholarships can be awarded by the school, or by corporations, nonprofits or community organizations. Some scholarships are merit-based, while others may have non-academic criteria like a specific talent, heritage, gender, interest or field of study, or location.

There are scholarship search engines that aggregate information on scholarships and can make it easy to browse thousands of scholarships at a time and narrow them down to your specific interests. The application requirements may vary depending on the scholarship, so be sure to read the application and expectations completely.

10. Spend Less on Textbooks

According to the Education Data Initiative, the average full-time undergraduate student at a four-year public university pays $1,212 for books and supplies in one academic year. Textbooks alone can cost over $100 each. While you may only use them for a few months, if they’re required by your professors, it may be integral to passing your courses.

To save on textbooks, students have a few options. One is to buy a digital version of the book. Some textbook distributors offer e-versions of their books for a fraction of the price. Another way to save is to buy a used version of the textbook. Used books are often readily available at school bookstores or can be found online.

Some students may rent books. This is generally cheaper than buying a textbook, and when the class is done you can send the book back to the bookseller.

11. Opt Out of the Dining Plan

If you’re living off-campus and have a kitchen available to you, consider opting out of the meal plan offered by your school. These plans are often more expensive than buying and cooking your own food. Plus, if you are making your own meals, you have full control of what you eat.

Students who appreciate the convenience of the meal plan while living off-campus might opt for a less expensive plan. Schools generally offer different options for meal plans, such as unlimited plans and tiered plans based on meals per week.

Recommended: 11 Strategies for Paying for College and Other Expenses

The Takeaway

There are options to save money when it comes to paying for college. Before you even get to college, you might consider taking AP classes, which could potentially allow you to skip some intro level courses (and save on tuition). Another key factor in college affordability is the school you choose to attend. Some students may choose to go to an in-state school with a more affordable tuition. Other students may find that, thanks to a generous financial aid package, one of their other choices may be more affordable than they originally imagined.

The type of student loans you borrow can also impact the overall cost of your education. Federal loans offer benefits and borrower protections like flexible income-driven repayment plans. Students who still have gaps in funding can also apply for private student loans. These loans may come with higher interest rates but allow you to borrow more (typically up to the full cost of attendance) than you can access with federal loans.

If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.

Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.

FAQ

Why is college so unaffordable?

College is unaffordable due to rising tuition costs, reduced state funding, and increased demand for higher education. Administrative expenses, infrastructure upgrades, and the need for specialized faculty also contribute. Student debt has become a significant burden, making affordability a pressing issue.

What are some ways to make college more affordable?

To make college more affordable, consider applying for scholarships, grants, and financial aid. Attend community college first, then transfer. Choose in-state public universities, work part-time, and explore online courses or tuition-free programs.

Is college worth the cost anymore?

College can still be worth the cost for many, offering higher earning potential, career opportunities, and personal growth. However, it depends on your field of study, the institution, and your financial situation. Weigh the benefits against the potential debt and consider alternatives like trade schools or online courses.

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SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

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When a borrower stops making payments on student loans for a period of time, they could end up in default. And in some cases, lenders may send defaulted loans onto collections.

If your student loans end up in collections, it can have serious financial consequences. Your credit score may be damaged, and sometimes your wages may be garnished. While it can be very stressful, there are steps you can take to fix the problem.

How Student Loans End Up in Collections

Student loans don’t go away until you’ve paid them off. If you haven’t been paying off your student loans, your debt can go into default because you are failing to fulfill your contractual obligation to repay your loan.

Americans owe $1.77 trillion in student loan debt as of 2025. When you consider that the average federal student loan debt is more than $37,000 per borrower, it’s no surprise that some have trouble keeping up with it. In fact, an average of 6.24% of student loans are in default at any given time.

Delinquent Federal Student Loans

The first day after missing a payment on a federal student loan, the loan becomes delinquent. The loan will remain delinquent until the overdue balance is paid or the borrower makes alternate arrangements, such as applying for deferment or forbearance or switching their payment plan.

After 90 days of missing payments for federal student loans, the loan servicer will report the late payments to credit bureaus, which could negatively impact the borrower’s credit score.

Federal Student Loans in Default

For federal student loans, you typically go into default after you haven’t paid your loan bill for nine months or 270 days. When in default, the entire balance of the loan comes due. But just because a loan is in default, doesn’t mean it automatically goes to a collections agency.

At this point, you may have the opportunity to make arrangements with your loan servicer. For example, your lender may help you tailor solutions that lower your monthly bill to make payments more manageable for you.

However, if you don’t come to an agreement, your lender can send your debt to a collections agency that will collect it for them.

Recommended: Defaulting on Student Loans: What You Should Know

Private Student Loans in Default

The timeframe may vary for private loans depending on the terms and conditions of the loan. Generally speaking, private student loans may go into default after 90 days ​of missed payments. You should read your loan agreement for more information on when your loan provider will send your defaulted loans to collections.

What Does It Mean to Have a Loan Sent to Collections?

Once your debt is sent to a collections agency, that agency will do everything they can to get you to pay. Unfortunately, on top of collecting the debt, collections agencies typically charge fees.

Once your debt is in collections, the collections agency might try to work out a repayment plan with you as a first step. If you continue to not pay, the agency can then take actions to recoup the money, such as trying to garnish your wages.

Garnishment means the agency can take a certain amount from each paycheck and apply it toward your debt — in the case of federal student loans, it cannot be more than 15%. For federal student loans, lenders are not required to take the borrower to court before garnishing wages.

Private student loans function differently. They are not subject to the same special regulation as federal student loans. Private lenders interested in garnishing wages must follow garnishment rules laid out for private debt. In this case, the lender is required to take the borrower to court and obtain a judgment in their favor before any wages can be garnished.

Recommended: What Happens If You Just Stop Paying Your Student Loans

What Happens When Your Loans Go into Default and Collections?

Some other not-so-great things can happen when your loans go into default and collections.

First, if you have defaulted on federal student loans, you may lose access to various federal loan repayment plans and forbearance or deferment on federal loans. These programs are important tools designed to make it easier for you to pay off your loans. Loan forgiveness is offered to those who have jobs in certain government, healthcare, and nonprofit sectors. Forbearance allows you to temporarily stop making student loan payments or reduce the amount you pay each month.

Your credit score may take a hit, as well. With both private and federal student loans, the lender or the collections agency will report the late payments to the three major credit bureaus, and that might then lower your credit score.

A low credit score might cost you down the line, making it difficult to secure future loans at reasonable interest rates. It may even mean you won’t qualify for a loan at all.

How to Get Your Loans Out of Default

The best thing you can do to avoid your student loans going into default and being sent collections is to pay your bills on time. If you think you’re going to miss a payment, reach out to your loan provider to see if they’ll offer support.

But if you’ve defaulted, there may still be options for you to recover.

Options for Federal Student Loans

If you have federal student loans, you can try to rehabilitate your student loan in collections. Here’s how the program works: After you’ve made three consecutive on-time, voluntary, full payments on a defaulted federal loan, you can consolidate your federal loans.

The new direct loan pays off the old loans in full and consolidates them. Once you have made nine out of 10 consecutive, voluntary, on-time payments to this new loan, the loan may be rehabilitated and the default may be removed from your record.

With a Direct Consolidation Loan, your eligible federal loans will be combined into one loan with a fixed interest rate — and the new rate will be the weighted average of the rates on the loans being consolidated (rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of 1%).

Options for Private Student Loans

When it comes to private student loans, private lenders may or may not offer borrowers the opportunity to rehabilitate their loans. You should contact your lender and ask what you can do to get your loan out of default. Sometimes borrowers who have rehabilitated a private student loan may ask to have the default removed from their credit report, but there is no guarantee that it will be removed.

Additionally, it’s important to note that some lenders may charge off private student loans that are delinquent for 120 days, or a set period of time, which may vary from lender to lender. When a lender charges off a loan, it means they have written off the loan as a loss and close the account. They typically sell your loan to a debt buyer or collections agency, but you are still legally obligated to pay off the loan. If the debt is charged off, the lender may not be willing to work with the borrower.

What to Do If Your Student Loan Goes to Collections

If you do find yourself in the unfortunate situation of having debt in collections, there might be steps you can take.

First, you could talk to your collections agency. Remember: Collections agencies want you to pay. It’s in their best interest for you to ultimately pay back your loan. In many ways, this is a situation in which the ball is in your court.

When you talk to them, the collections agency might offer payment options tailored to your individual circumstances, depending on if you’re employed and how much money you earn.

They might offer solutions such as allowing you to pay a discounted lump sum, or they might set up a manageable monthly payment plan if you don’t have much income.

Having your loans in default or collections might have serious effects on your credit and your financial stability. If you’re afraid of defaulting on your loans, or if you already have, consider taking action as fast as you can. Taking control of the situation could help keep it from getting worse.

Preventing Default: Refinance Student Loans

Refinancing student loans can be a strategic move to prevent default by lowering monthly payments and interest rates. When you refinance, you replace your existing loans with a new one that often has more favorable terms, making it easier to manage your debt. This can provide much-needed relief, especially if you’re struggling with high interest or a tight budget.

Keep in mind, though, that when you refinance federal student loans with a private lender, you lose access to federal benefits, such as student loan forgiveness and income-driven repayment plans.

The Takeaway

In an ideal world, the best way to avoid going into student loan default is to make payments on time and in full. If you have competing financial priorities, however, it may be difficult for you to pay your loans on time.

If your student loans end up in collections, it may damage your credit score, and with federal loans, your wages may be garnished. There are steps you can take to rehabilitate your defaulted loans, depending on whether you have private or federal loans.

To avoid default, it’s best to make your payments on time. If you’re struggling to make your payments, consider student loan refinancing.

Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.

With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.

FAQ

What happens when student loans are sent to collections?

When student loans are sent to collections, your credit score drops, and you face increased interest rates and fees. Collection agencies may contact you frequently, and you could experience wage garnishment, tax refund offsets, and legal action.

What happens if you never pay off student loans?

If you never pay off student loans, consequences include damaged credit, wage garnishment, tax refund offsets, and potential legal action. Federal loans can also lead to loss of eligibility for federal benefits and increased interest. Private loans may result in more aggressive collection tactics.

How long can student loans stay in collections?

Student loans can remain in collections indefinitely, but the impact on your credit score typically diminishes over time. However, collectors can continue to pursue repayment, and the debt may be sold to other collection agencies, leading to ongoing financial and legal issues.

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SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

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