Using a Personal Loan for a Down Payment
Coming up with enough cash for a down payment to buy a house is often the biggest hurdle for prospective homebuyers. To avoid paying for mortgage insurance, you typically need to put down 20% of the purchase price. These days that can be a hefty sum: The median home sale price at the end of 2025 was $428,275, according to Redfin. That means a typical buyer who wants to put down 20% would need to accumulate at least $85,655.
If you don’t have that kind of cash sitting around, using a personal loan might sound like a great solution. Unfortunately, many mortgage lenders do not permit you to do this. Even if you can find one that does permit it, making a down payment with a personal loan may not be a good idea. Here’s what you need to know about using a personal loan for a down payment.
Table of Contents
Key Points
• Most mortgage lenders forbid the use of a personal loan for a home down payment.
• Using a personal loan for a down payment can increase your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, making it harder to qualify for a mortgage.
• Taking on a personal loan in addition to a mortgage can lead to higher monthly payments and a greater risk of default due to increased financial strain.
• Alternatives to a personal loan for a down payment include using savings, receiving gifts from family, or utilizing down payment assistance programs.
• While generally not allowed for a down payment, a personal loan might be considered to cover closing costs.
Why Can’t I Use a Personal Loan as a Down Payment?
As part of the mortgage application process, a lender will want to verify the sources for your down payment. Being able to provide documentation that you have enough money in savings to cover your down payment (and then some) gives the lender confidence in your strength as a borrower and your ability to repay the loan.
If you fund a down payment through a personal loan, however, a lender may see this as a sign of potential financial instability, which raises the lender’s risk. As a result, some types of mortgages — including conventional mortgages and FHA mortgages backed by the Federal Housing Administration — forbid the use of a personal loan as a down payment loan for a home.
Why Is It Bad to Use a Personal Loan for a Down Payment on a House?
Even if you are able to find a mortgage lender that allows you to use a personal loan for a down payment, doing so can have several negative consequences. Here are the primary reasons why it’s considered a bad idea.
• It can increase your DTI: Having a personal loan on your credit reports impacts your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio — what proportion of your monthly income goes to repaying debts. A higher DTI ratio can make it more challenging to qualify for a mortgage or reduce the amount for which you can qualify.
• It might increase your interest rate. Taking out a personal loan to cover a down payment signals to a mortgage lender that you’re financially stretched and may not be able to afford homeownership. This makes you a greater risk. To protect itself, a lender may offer you a higher rate than it would offer a borrower who is using savings for the down payment.
• Higher monthly payments: Personal loans typically have shorter terms and higher interest rates than mortgages. Using a personal loan for a down payment on a house means additional debt on top of a mortgage, which could be difficult to manage and lead to financial strain.
• Greater risk of default. If your budget is stretched due to multiple debts, you could potentially fall behind on your personal loan, mortgage payments, or both. If that happens, you risk defaulting on your debt, damaging your credit, and in a worst-case scenario, losing your home.
Recommended: Typical Personal Loan Requirements Needed for Approval
What Are Alternatives to a Personal Loan for a Down Payment?
Instead of using money from a personal loan for a down payment on a house, here are other ways to fund this milestone purchase. Consider these options as you prepare to buy a home:
Savings
If you’re not in a rush, you may want to ramp up your savings and put time to work for you. To ensure consistency with your savings, consider setting up an automated transfer from checking to a dedicated savings account for a set day each month. You might also want to put any windfalls — like a tax refund, work bonus, or cash gift — toward your down payment fund so that you can afford a down payment on your first home sooner.
Gifts From Family
Many mortgage lenders allow down payment funds to come from gifts provided by family members. If you have relatives who are willing and able to assist, this can be a viable option. Since a lender may ask you to substantiate any large deposits into your bank account, it’s a good idea to ask the giver to provide a letter to your lender detailing the amount and confirming that it is a gift and not a loan.
Down Payment Assistance Programs
If you’re still wondering can you get a loan for a down payment, look into local, state, and federal programs that offer down payment assistance to eligible homebuyers. These programs can provide grants, low-interest loans, or forgivable loans to help cover your down payment and closing costs. They’re typically geared toward first-time homeowners who are low- to middle-income. The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) allows you to connect with a local home-buying counselor to learn about options on the HUD website.
Look Into Loans That Require a Smaller Down Payment
There are some types of mortgages that do not require a large down payment. FHA loans, for example, allow eligible borrowers to put down as little as 3.5%. USDA loans (targeted to certain suburban and rural homebuyers) and VA loans (designed for U.S. service members and their surviving spouses) don’t require any down payment.
Retirement Account Loans or Withdrawals
Some retirement accounts, like a 401(k) or IRA, allow you to take out a loan or make a withdrawal for a home purchase. While this option can provide the necessary funds, it’s essential to understand the implications, such as potential taxes, penalties, and the impact on your retirement savings. It’s a good idea to consult with a financial advisor to determine if this could be a good option for your situation.
Budget Changes and Side Income Opportunities
Making a budget that includes a line for savings for a down payment (and then sticking to it) is a good way to ensure you’re socking away money for your home purchase. Budgeting will entail taking a good look at recent bank and credit card statements and chronicling cash expenditures so that you can also look for opportunities to pare back on your spending so that more money can go to the home purchase.
You may also realize that in order to pay all your current bills and still save for a home, you’re going to need to increase your income. Adding a part-time job or a side hustle to your schedule could help you save for a down payment.
Extending Your Timeline to Save More
Giving yourself more time to save money can also help. Not only will you be able to put away cash, but if you place the money somewhere that it can earn some interest, your money can compound while it waits.
Recommended: Guide to Personal Loans for Beginners
How Much Down Payment Do You Really Need?
And as you make a list of what do you need to buy a house, the down payment is only part of the picture. You’ll need cash on hand to cover closing costs, which tend to be 2% to 5% of your mortgage amount. Additionally, you’ll need to think about your loan type.
Typical Down Payment Requirements by Loan Type
How much is a down payment on a house will, to some extent, depend on what type of home loan you choose. A conventional mortgage loan can require as little as 3% down for qualified first-time homebuyers and 5% for repeat buyers. As noted above, you’ll need to put down 20% to avoid paying for private mortgage insurance. But the average first-time homebuyer down payment has ranged from 6% to 9% in recent years.
Government-backed loans tend to require a small down payment or none at all. FHA loans allow homebuyers with a credit score of at least 580 to put down as little as 3.5%. Those with a score of 500 to 579 will need a 10% down payment.
USDA loans and VA loans, as noted above, don’t require any down payment.
Pros and Cons of Putting More Money Down
So you can buy a home with far less than 20% down. But should you do so, or should you wait? The answer will depend on your personal situation, but here are some pros and cons to consider:
Pros
• More equity from the start.
• Quicker access to a home equity loan (after hitting 20% equity).
• Lower monthly mortgage payment.
• Avoid paying for private mortgage insurance (if 20% is put down).
Cons
• You may have to wait longer to save the money.
• You may be missing a good time to buy (e.g., end of a lease, good school district opportunity).
• You may pay more in rent while waiting to save.
Putting more money down means you will have more equity in your home from the point that you purchase it. If you’re buying a home that needs some renovations, you’ll hit the 20% equity necessary for a home equity loan more quickly than you would if you put down very little.
More money down means a lower monthly mortgage payment. You can use a mortgage calculator to examine the effect of different down payment and loan amounts on monthly costs. And of course, hitting the 20% mark on a down payment allows you to avoid paying for private mortgage insurance.
But there are also a few reasons to move forward with a low down payment. If you’re renting and your lease is up, this could be the right time to buy. Ditto if your child is starting kindergarten and you’ve found a home in a desirable school district. And if your rent is the same as or more than you would pay to purchase a home with a small down payment, it might make sense to move forward. Putting down 3%, 5% or even 10% also allows you to begin building some equity in a property that you own, even if it can take years for that equity percentage to grow significantly.
Recommended: Guide to Getting a No Down Payment Mortgage
The Takeaway
Taking out a personal loan might seem like a good way to get the funds for a down payment on a home. The problem is that many mortgage lenders won’t permit you to use a personal loan for down payment and, if they do, may charge you a higher interest rate or lower your loan amount, as they will view you as a risky borrower.
Personal loans are generally better left for other purposes, such as covering emergency expenses, consolidating credit card debt, or making home repairs or improvements (once you become a homeowner). If you are considering getting a personal loan, be sure to shop around to find the right offer.
Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. See your rate in minutes.
FAQ
Can you use a personal loan for closing costs?
It may be possible to use a personal loan to cover closing costs when buying a home. These costs, which may include appraisal fees, title insurance, and attorney fees, can add up quickly. Just keep in mind that some mortgage lenders may not approve a borrower for a mortgage if they have recently taken out a personal loan, as it shows you may not be in a strong financial position to take on other new debt.
Do banks check what you spend your loan on?
Banks typically do not check or monitor what you spend the funds from a personal loan on. Once the loan is approved and the funds are transferred to your bank account, it is up to you to use the money as agreed upon in the loan agreement. Keep in mind that misusing the funds from a personal loan can have financial and legal consequences. If you use the loan money for something other than what was outlined in the loan agreement, you are technically in violation of the terms of the loan. This could potentially lead to penalties, legal action, or damage to your credit score.
What happens if you don’t use all of your personal loan?
If you don’t use all of your personal loan, you’re still responsible for repaying the full amount borrowed, along with interest. If your lender doesn’t charge a prepayment penalty, you might consider using the excess funds to pay off your loan ahead of schedule — this can reduce the total amount of interest you’ll pay for the loan.
Can a personal loan ever be used in the home-buying process at all?
It’s unlikely that you can use a personal loan for a down payment, but you might be able to cover closing costs with a personal loan. But remember that mortgage lenders will be looking at your total debt, so a new or recent personal loan might be a red flag. You’re better off using a personal loan either well before a home purchase, to consolidate and pay off debt so that your finances are healthy when you start home shopping. Or you could consider taking out a personal loan after buying a home to help cover renovation costs.
What are some ways to save for a down payment without borrowing?
To save for a down payment effectively, it helps to put your savings on autopilot. Arrange an automated transfer from your checking account to a home-buying specific savings account once or twice a month. And deposit any windfall funds, such as a work bonus or birthday gift into that special savings as well. Finally, audit at least a month of your spending to look for ways you might cut back in other areas of your life to make more room in your budget for savings.
Photo credit: iStock/whitebalance.oatt
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*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
†Veterans, Service members, and members of the National Guard or Reserve may be eligible for a loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by VA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. VA loans typically require a one-time funding fee except as may be exempted by VA guidelines. The fee may be financed or paid at closing. The amount of the fee depends on the type of loan, the total amount of the loan, and, depending on loan type, prior use of VA eligibility and down payment amount. The VA funding fee is typically non-refundable. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
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