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Is Paying Off Student Loans Early Always Smart?

There’s no question that student loan debt is at an all-time high. The latest statistics show that nearly 45 million U.S. borrowers owe more than $1.7 trillion in student loans.

Many graduates want to pay off their student loans as soon as possible. But is paying off the loans early always the best move?

That depends on a variety of factors, including whether you are carrying additional debt, if you have a savings account, and how you define your financial goals—among others.

For instance, if you’re carrying a large amount of credit card debt and are paying, say, 16% interest on it, but your student loans have a 5% interest rate, it may make more sense to pay off your credit card before you pay off your student loans.

Here’s a look at the pros and cons of paying off student loans early.

Pro: No Need to Worry about Prepayment Penalties

Whether you have federal or private student loans, lenders cannot charge prepayment penalties.

That means you can reduce the balance of a student loan by making extra payments and even pay off the entire balance before it’s due without being charged an extra fee.

Keep in mind that when you make an extra payment on your loan, the payment is applied first to any late charges and collection costs, then to outstanding interest, and then to outstanding principal, according to FinAid. Any amount beyond this total is considered a prepayment on the principal of your student loan.

Con: You Risk Missing Payments

Sometimes borrowers get so excited about making extra payments on their student loans that they forget to make consistent payments. Keep in mind that if you make an extra payment each month, but then miss a minimum payment deadline the next month, you will be charged a late fee for the payment you failed to make.

Doubling up on payments doesn’t give you the luxury of missing a monthly payment. Always make sure you are able to meet your monthly minimum payment deadlines. And if you have more than one student loan, consider making extra payments on the loan with the highest interest rate so that you pay less interest on the loan over time.

Pro/Con: Your Credit Score Might Change

While you might think paying off your student loans early will improve your credit, that isn’t always the case, according to the National Foundation for Credit Counseling. Most lenders like to see a history of money being borrowed and paid back on time before they give you credit.

If student loans are your primary source of open credit, once you close your student loan accounts, you could lose a significant factor driving your credit history. And don’t forget that “a shorter history typically means a lower credit score,” according to the foundation.

💡 Recommended: Student Loan Payoff Calculator

Con: You Could Miss Out on Other Financial Goals

Repaying your student loans shouldn’t be your only financial goal (and it probably isn’t). You might also be thinking about saving for a car or a house, or investing for retirement. If you focus solely on repaying your student loans, you might miss opportunities to save for retirement, children, or a down payment on a house.

It’s also important to have an emergency fund—typically at least three to six months’ worth of living expenses saved up—in case you lose your job or get hit with an unexpected big bill.

Rather than using a tax refund or bonus to make an early payment on your student loans, you might want to put that money toward an emergency fund first.

FYI: Most Student Loans Survive Bankruptcy

Let’s say you’re making headway on student loan payments but face a crisis and consider filing for bankruptcy, thinking that’s one way to get your loans off your back. But student loans aren’t typically discharged if you file for bankruptcy.

In fact, to attempt to have a student loan discharged in bankruptcy, the borrower must file for an “adversary proceeding,” requesting that a bankruptcy court find that repayment would impose an undue hardship.

Bankruptcy courts do not use a single test to determine “undue hardship.” According to the U.S. Department of Education’s Financial Student Aid office, bankruptcy courts typically look at three factors (part of the “Brunner Test”) to determine if requiring you to repay your loans would cause an undue hardship:

•  If you are forced to repay the loan, you would not be able to maintain a minimal standard of living.
•  There is evidence that this hardship will continue for a significant portion of the loan repayment period.
•  You made good-faith efforts to repay the loan before filing bankruptcy.

In an adversary proceeding, borrowers must present evidence showing that they meet the undue hardship standards while lenders present opposing evidence. The proceeding can be invasive and expensive for borrowers and rarely results in discharge of all debt.

Bankruptcy judges have a lot of discretion in determining eligibility. In many cases, borrowers will be required to repay their loans but with different terms, such as a lower interest rate.

The Takeaway

Is paying off student loans early always the best move? Not necessarily, if it gets in the way of paying down high-interest debt, creating an emergency fund, or saving for a down payment or retirement.

Instead of paying off student loans early or looking for an escape route altogether, it might make more sense to refinance with a private lender like SoFi. If you qualify, refinancing your private and/or federal student loans can change the terms and the interest rate.

Refinancing could potentially get you a lower monthly payment and a more flexible student loan repayment plan. (Know that if you refinance a federal loan to a private loan, you’ll forfeit your right to federal loan benefits like income-based repayment. You may pay more interest over the life of the loan if you refinance with an extended term.)

Refinancing results in one loan with a single interest rate and one monthly payment.

Check your rate in two minutes to see if refinancing your student loans with SoFi is the right option for you.


SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO REFINANCE FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS, PLEASE BE AWARE THAT THE WHITE HOUSE HAS ANNOUNCED UP TO $20,000 OF STUDENT LOAN FORGIVENESS FOR PELL GRANT RECIPIENTS AND $10,000 FOR QUALIFYING BORROWERS WHOSE STUDENT LOANS ARE FEDERALLY HELD. ADDITIONALLY, THE FEDERAL STUDENT LOAN PAYMENT PAUSE AND INTEREST HOLIDAY HAS BEEN EXTENDED TO DEC. 31, 2022. PLEASE CAREFULLY CONSIDER THESE CHANGES BEFORE REFINANCING FEDERALLY HELD LOANS WITH SOFI, SINCE THE AMOUNT OR PORTION OF YOUR FEDERAL STUDENT DEBT THAT YOU REFINANCE WILL NO LONGER QUALIFY FOR THE FEDERAL LOAN PAYMENT SUSPENSION, INTEREST WAIVER, OR ANY OTHER CURRENT OR FUTURE BENEFITS APPLICABLE TO FEDERAL LOANS. CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION.
This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or bankruptcy advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or bankruptcy advice.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

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A Guide to Law School Scholarships

So, you’ve been accepted to law school—congrats! You’re well on your way to embarking on a career that could help you fight for others’ rights and further the public good.

These are all laudable motivations, but chances are there’s something stronger weighing on you: How to pay for law school? It’s not necessarily clear how to find (or negotiate) scholarships for law school.

According to The Association of American Law Schools, on average, law school students paid $49,567 in tuition and fees for the 2019-2020 academic year to attend a private, out-of-state school—and, that amount doesn’t even include living expenses and other non-school costs that could pop up during graduate school.

U.S. News & World Report notes that the average annual cost of a public, out-of-state law school is $41,726, or $28,264 for in-state . (Even the lower cost option here comes to $84,792 for a three-year law program.)

Because students aren’t yet racking up those billable attorney hours, it can be helpful to research law school scholarship opportunities before applying. Here’s a broad overview of potential law school scholarships—plus some links to resources for students thinking about going to law school.

Crunching (and Swallowing) the Numbers

On the whole, according to non-profit organization Law School Transparency, law school tuition has been steadily rising over the last 35 years for all American Bar Association-approved law schools.

Per the numbers mentioned above, there might be a fair amount of sticker shock for those who haven’t yet applied for graduate school and are only thinking of someday going the lawyer route. (Here’s SoFi’s guide on how to apply to law school.) Fortunately, there are a range of options for aspiring attorneys seeking to fund law school.

In some cases, there are full-ride tuition scholarships and need-based grants out there. Full-rides of course, are not available at all law schools. If a law school doesn’t explicitly advertise or highlight information regarding full-ride opportunities, interested students can contact the school to ask. To offset the cost of attending law school, some school applicants may opt to apply only to programs that offer full- or partial- rides. One simple way to figure this out is old-fashioned Googling.

Students deciding whether to apply to law school may want to familiarize themselves with the language universities adopt to explain these scholarships. In some cases, specific scholarships are designated for particular students. Here are a few examples of how law schools describe their full-ride law school scholarship offerings— including, the University of Chicago Law School (which has several such opportunities), NYU’s Latinx Rights Scholarship, and Duke Law’s Mordecai Scholars. Magoosh, the higher education test-prep and study counseling company with the silly-sounding name, has published a 2018 list of a handful of others (along with suggestions on how to strengthen one’s resume when applying for such scholarships).

Full-ride law school scholarships can be highly competitive—with some schools offering as few as two to four per enrollment year. One potential tip for the search for scholarships is to target law schools with more tuition help.

U.S. News & World Report has organized and tabulated a list of 10 law schools that offer the most tuition assistance—reporting that “at least 77.8% of students who received grants at these schools got enough to cover more than half of tuition.” Some of the schools listed in U.S. News & World Report , like Pennsylvania State University-Carlisle, go as high as 93.2% of full-time students receiving aid in that amount.

If all of this is starting to sound like alphabet (and number) soup, there are dedicated resources like Fastweb to help prospective students find scholarships for which they may qualify. Fastweb is an online resource to help students find scholarships, financial aid, and even part-time jobs in support of college degrees.

The American Bar Association’s law-student division also has a running list (along with deadlines) of law student awards and scholarships. Additionally, the Law School Admission Council offers a list of diversity scholarships available to students from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. Here’s another guide on finding and applying for scholarships and one on unclaimed scholarship money.

Another resource that could be useful in factoring living expenses is this student loan calculator for aspiring law school students. Tools like this can, usually, auto-load the tuition and cost-of-living breakdowns for specific law schools. From here, it’s possible then to compare how much degrees from particular schools may end up costing.

Negotiating Wiggle Room

Doing all this research and the math around law school scholarships could put applicants in a more informed position when evaluating which program to attend—and, potentially, help them to identify schools more likely to be interested in their application.

A reality of today’s admissions process for law school is negotiating scholarships. Some schools have a strict policy against negotiating, but others fully expect their initial offer to be countered. That’s why it can help to save acceptance letters and anything in writing from schools that offer admission.

Offer letters could then be shared with competing schools, asking if they’re able to match another university’s aid. It might be uncomfortable asking for more tuition assistance upfront, but a little discomfort now could help applicants shoulder less law school debt later on. If arguing a position makes an applicant uncomfortable, it might be worth pondering whether to become a lawyer.

Doing research on law schools (and figuring out the likely cost-of-living expenses at each institution) could help applicants to determine which scores or grades to aim for in an effort to make law school more affordable for them. Tabulating expenses (and having them on hand) may also demonstrate to universities that the amounts being negotiated are based in well-documented expenses.

Law School Scholarships

There are lots of options for law-school hopefuls to find potential scholarships. The nonprofit organization Law School Admission Council (LSAC) has compiled a list of the many law school scholarships available to applicants .

From the LSAC’s list, the Attorney Ken Nugent Legal Scholarship ($5,000) and the BARBRI Law Preview’s “One Lawyer Can Change the World” Scholarship ($10,000) are worth pinning, due to the sizable chunk of change they offer.

Many law schools themselves offer competitive scholarships to attract stronger candidates. It might be helpful to check if a school also offers in-state residents specific tuition reductions or grants—especially true, if the applicant is considering a public school in their home state.

Similarly, some law firms offer scholarships. Usually applying is a straightforward process: Many, like the Rise To Shine Scholarship , only require a short essay to be considered. On top of this, there’s the rising trend of law firms helping new hires to repay a portion of their student debt once onboarded.

Federal vs. Private Loans for Law School

Students wanting to apply to law school could consider the differences between federal and private student loans. Federal loans come with certain benefits not guaranteed by private ones (such as, forbearance or income-driven repayment).

Private loans—like SoFi’s—can also help applicants to cover the expense of graduate school. So, it might be a good idea to weigh the pros and cons of both federal and private student loan options for law school.

For example, Direct PLUS loans for grads charge 7.08% in disbursement fees for the 2019-2020 academic year. (2020 numbers aren’t out yet.) SoFi Graduate Student Loans, by comparison, have no fees whatsoever—not even late or overdraft fees. Another great resource in understanding federal loans can be found over at studentaid.gov .

It’s important to note that private student loans don’t offer the same benefits and protections afforded to federal student loan borrowers, like Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF). If a law school applicant is interested eventually in becoming a public defender or pursuing non-profit legal work, forgiveness and forbearance perks may play a role in their decision.

In addition to the financial aid resources mentioned above, more information can be found in SoFi’s overview of private student loans for graduate school. Those interested in figuring out how to pay for law school may want to check out SoFi’s competitive-rate private law school and MBA loans.

Law School Loans from SoFi

Going to law school is a big life decision. And, law school’s attendant costs add even more weight to this choice. If students interested in law school find themselves coming up short on funds for the JD after scholarships or federal aid, additional options may be available.

Some might seek out a student loan from a private lender, to name one possibility. SoFi’s private loans for law school offer competitive rates, flexible repayment options, and access to member benefits.

You can check your rates in just three minutes to see if a SoFi Law School Loan might help you pursue that dream of becoming a lawyer.

Learn more about private student loans for law school with SoFi.



SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Bank, N.A. and its lending products are not endorsed by or directly affiliated with any college or university unless otherwise disclosed.

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College Senior Tips

For soon-to-be-grads, the senior year of college is both an end and a new start. Finishing up a university degree can mark the beginning of a career or diving into grad school.

Senior year in college can mean the start of mapping out a more independent adulthood. While each college senior has a unique situation, there’s one constant: life after college involves change.

Here are some tips on navigating the senior year of college—from polishing up that resume to hunting for a job, from understanding student loan obligations to creating a more professional presence on social media channels.

Preparing for Life Beyond College

Post-secondary education in the U.S. has been on the rise for decades. There’s a growing number of seniors preparing to wrap up their college educations and move to the next stage in life—whatever form that takes.

In the year 1900, just 27,420 Bachelor’s degrees were awarded nationwide (back then, the vast majority of graduates—80.9%—were male). Those numbers look a quite different today, with 3.9-million students a year graduating with a college degree.

For US college students, graduation rates for four-year degrees were 60.4%, while completion rates for two-year programs was 31.6%. And, although college is often the last stop before pursuing a full-time job, a lot of college seniors feel ill-prepared for the changes to come after graduation.

According to one annual survey of college students , only four in 10 students say they feel “very” or “extremely” prepared for their future careers. Some college seniors may be searching for tips on how to position themselves for life after graduation.

The above-mentioned study also found that students feel they’re lacking in key areas of preparation for life beyond college. Fewer than half of students say college has imparted critical skills for transitioning to the workforce—including solving complex problems, resume writing, interviewing, and job searching. And while 77% of students felt good about their professionalism and work ethic, there’s a significant gap in how employers see new grads on these key areas.

Global forces haven’t made it easy on new grads, either. As the novel Coronavirus pandemic drives high unemployment rates and shutters businesses, some data shows that college seniors have access to fewer entry-level positions—with openings paying less than in recent years. As such, it’s never been more important for college seniors to plan in advance for life after college. Here are some tips for turning that senior year in college into a lily pad for post-grad life:

Confirm degree requirements

For students embarking on their senior year of college, it can be a good idea to confirm that they’ve met all the prerequisites for graduating.

Whether it’s a forgotten phys-ed requirement, general education credits, or a class required to complete a specific degree, it’s helpful to double-check that all required courses have been completed—while there’s still time to make up for any missed credits or must-complete classes. This can be especially important for students who have transferred schools during college.

According to one study, of the one-third of students who change schools during their post-secondary education, nearly 40% get no credit at all for the courses completed before the move. On average, students who transfer lose 27 credits, the equivalent of a year in school.

Even for those who confirmed their credits at the time they transferred, it’s smart to double-check to avoid any unpleasant (and costly) surprises during senior year in college. While they’re at it, outgoing students may also want to confirm there’s nothing else standing in the way of collecting their degree on graduation day.

Depending on school policy, outstanding library fines and overdue books or other penalties may prevent a student from graduating on time.

Brush up on skills

Each year, the Graduate Management Admission Council, which administers the GMAT exam, surveys recruiters to better understand what hiring companies want to see in new graduates. Communication skills, including oral communication, listening skills, written communication, and presentation skills are among those that top the list.

These skills are values across industries—with employers in healthcare and pharmaceuticals, technology, products/services and government/non-profit all ranking oral communication as tops. Skills tied to teamwork also ranked highly.

Even if it’s not possible to gain on-the-job experience during your senior year in college, future grads may want to hone these important skills during their final years in college.

Extra-curricular activities, whether a team sport or debate club, can help to deepen core competencies, provide demonstrable experience to prospective employers—and even help to deepen one’s connections to their fellow students (ahem, networking, ahem).

Start a resume

An up-to-date resume is needed throughout one’s career. Generally, a resume lists things like:

•   Work and educational history
•   Professional skills and capabilities
•   Accomplishments and successes

It can be helpful to understand the resume format that companies expect from job applicants. At some larger companies, resumes are initially filtered by AI software—not a living person in the human resources department. So, it may be a good idea to seek out model resumes online—as seemingly small things, like the choice font, can impact how the resume is (or is not) processed.

For some college seniors, applying for a post-graduation job will be one of the first times they’ve needed a professional resume. But, without formal work experience or a job history related to one’s desired field, it can also be difficult to know what to include.

Even in the absence of formal work experience, college seniors can write a resume that highlights what they offer to a prospective employer. College seniors could take some time to think about jobs and activities they’ve participated in to date. What does this documented experience demonstrate about them as a worker or team member?

Part-time jobs (even roles like a camp counselor or on-campus tutor) can show a proven history of increasing responsibility, leadership and teamwork abilities—all things that recruiters may look out for.

Foreign language skills and extracurricular activities can also demonstrate cultural competency and drive. Listing academic achievements, including a high GPA and/or awards won, may help college seniors to stand out in the crowded job-applicant pool.

Time for a social media cleanse

For many college seniors, social media profiles are a proud record of good times with friends over the last four years. But, social media can also be a career liability.

According to one survey, 70% of hiring managers look at an applicant’s social media when deciding whether to offer employment. And, for those that think fun times in college won’t come back to haunt them: 57% of HR managers who looked at a candidate’s social media profile found that it contained content that caused the applicant not to get the job.

As such, senior year in college can be a good time to “professionalize” one’s social media presence. Seniors don’t need to delete their profiles—in fact, nearly half of recruiters say they’ll ignore an applicant if they can’t find them online—but they could pay closer attention to how they are representing themselves.

Among the types of things recruiters say could disqualify an applicant are some obvious inclusions—for example, photos that display drinking and drug use or discriminatory comments about race, gender, and religion. But, less obvious infractions, such as that now-embarrassing profile handle that was set up years ago and never changed, bad-mouthing employers or teachers, or even posting overly frequently, are all things that can potentially make an employer think twice.

A social media cleanse is also an opportunity for college seniors to stand out. While new grads’ resumes may be thin compared to those who have been in the workforce for years, a dynamic, creative social media profile that highlights one’s interests and hobbies, positive college relationships, and achievements, can help bring a candidate’s application to life.

In addition to crafting a resume, college seniors may also want to set up an up-to-date profile on a social network used by both job seekers, recruiters and employers—sites such as LinkedIn or GlassDoor. This is one more space to display accomplishments and self-presentation skills.

Get finances in order

For some college seniors, transitioning from college to work life can present new financial obligations.

For students with financial aid, senior year is a good time to start thinking about how they will pay off student loans—once they’re due. Because student loans are subject to interest, which compounds over time, the sooner they can be paid off, the less their education will cost in the long run.

To start, students may want to make a list of all of their educational loans along with the interest rate and repayment terms for each. Because some student loans are not subject to interest during school, seniors with extra money from part-time employment or other sources may want to pay down a portion of their principal while still enrolled.

Doing so can reduce the amount that will be subject to interest later on. (It’s worth noting that some student loans do accrue interest while a student is enrolled, so doing your fine-print homework is key here).

Some college seniors may want to research different ways to repay their educational debt. For federal student loan borrowers , there are specific repayment programs that some seniors may be eligible for—including income-driven repayment, public service loan cancellation, and forbearance.

After exhausting all federal repayment options, some students may want to research refinancing a student loan with a private lender. It’s important to note that private lenders do not guarantee the same repayment options as federally backed student loans.

Replacing a federal loan with a private loan can cause the borrower to forfeit federal repayment options.

Positioning Seniors for Success

Senior year in college is a bittersweet time. For many it marks the end of carefree school days, and the start of exciting new adult responsibilities. But, more than just a time of impending transition, senior year means undertaking some next-step preparations.

From learning how to position oneself for employment opportunities to mitigating the long-term burden of a student loan, what a college senior does now can help them to get ready for the life ahead.

The Takeaway

For some seniors in college, the conclusion of classes doesn’t truly mean the end. It’s the start of a time of change—ripe for further honing one’s professional skills and mapping out a plan for the years that lie beyond college.

Student loan debt is one long-term obligation for millions of recent college graduates. Refinancing educational debt to a lower interest rate can reduce monthly repayments ( lengthening the loan term can do this even more). A lower rate can also mean paying less interest over the life of the loan (shortening the loan term will further cut the interest paid).

Refinancing student loans with SoFi can be done all online—with no prepayment, origination or application fees.

Curious to learn more about refinancing student loans? Check your rate.



SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO REFINANCE FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS, PLEASE BE AWARE THAT THE WHITE HOUSE HAS ANNOUNCED UP TO $20,000 OF STUDENT LOAN FORGIVENESS FOR PELL GRANT RECIPIENTS AND $10,000 FOR QUALIFYING BORROWERS WHOSE STUDENT LOANS ARE FEDERALLY HELD. ADDITIONALLY, THE FEDERAL STUDENT LOAN PAYMENT PAUSE AND INTEREST HOLIDAY HAS BEEN EXTENDED TO DEC. 31, 2022. PLEASE CAREFULLY CONSIDER THESE CHANGES BEFORE REFINANCING FEDERALLY HELD LOANS WITH SOFI, SINCE THE AMOUNT OR PORTION OF YOUR FEDERAL STUDENT DEBT THAT YOU REFINANCE WILL NO LONGER QUALIFY FOR THE FEDERAL LOAN PAYMENT SUSPENSION, INTEREST WAIVER, OR ANY OTHER CURRENT OR FUTURE BENEFITS APPLICABLE TO FEDERAL LOANS. CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION.
SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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8 Tips on Writing a Thesis Statement

Writing a good thesis statement can be extremely difficult, but it usually signals the end of a long road. Most theses are turned in at the end of undergraduate or graduate school.

It’s an accomplishment to celebrate, and for students who are just beginning to write theirs, this article could help make the thesis process a little less stressful.

Undergraduate Thesis

Some undergraduate programs do not require students to do a thesis. Other programs may require an undergraduate thesis to be completed as part of an Honors program, and other schools may offer the thesis as a voluntary option for students.

Doing a thesis gives students the opportunity to delve deeper into a topic they’re interested in and gain research and writing skills that may assist them later in life.

Students who are considering doing a thesis during undergrad should be aware of the time commitment. An undergraduate thesis is usually 40 to 60 pages long and takes about a year to complete. Typically, this is done during a student’s senior year.

Another difference between an undergraduate and graduate thesis is that an undergraduate thesis isn’t expected to reach the same level of originality as a graduate thesis is.

An undergrad thesis is less about presenting new ideas, and more about displaying critical thinking skills and an ability to conduct thorough research, bringing together ideas from many sources.

The requirements for completing an undergraduate thesis may vary depending on the school and program that a student is enrolled in.

Completing a thesis during undergrad can potentially be helpful for students who are interested in going to graduate school.

Successfully completing a thesis can highlight a student’s ability to tackle a large research project and potentially even illustrate how committed the student is to attending graduate school.

Graduate Thesis

The terminology of post-graduate work can be confusing, with both thesis and dissertations being used for different programs. Generally, in the U.S., we refer to a thesis for the project completed at the end of a Master’s program, and a dissertation is the completion of a Ph.D. program.

Not every Master’s program requires a thesis to graduate, some students may not want to focus on research, and instead they may have the opportunity to do some real-world work during their Master’s program.

For students who choose to do a thesis, this will be an intensive research project that focuses on a specific topic. A Master’s thesis typically ranges from 60 to 100 pages in length, and requires the student to research both primary and secondary sources to support their argument.

All this work may seem like a heavy burden for a student to complete on their own, but they’ll usually have an advisor to assist them throughout the entire process.

Each school and individual program may have different thesis requirements, so students who are just getting started may consider reviewing requirements with a program administrator or their thesis advisor.

Tips on Writing a Thesis

Whether the thesis is for undergrad or a Master’s program, there are some general tips that can be followed that might help make this monumental task a bit easier.

1. Understanding the Why

Writing a thesis, whether for undergrad or graduate school, is a big undertaking.

It can help students to cope better with the amount of work when they understand why they’re doing it, what the purpose of the thesis is. This is different from selecting the topic, this is about how the thesis will benefit them in the long-run.

Writing a thesis can help show that the student has developed professional research and writing skills as well as a refined knowledge of their topic of study. These skills will stay with students for life and may be of use in their career.

Should the student choose to pursue a doctoral program, these skills will almost certainly come in handy as they work on their dissertation.

2. Researching How to Write a Thesis

Research both how to research and how to write before getting started on the thesis itself.
Students may want to consider reading up on how to write a thesis even before they start the program, some recommendations suggest exploring this topic about six to 12 months before starting the actual thesis research.

Getting your bearings on the process could help make it feel a little less overwhelming. Students may want to checkin in with their thesis advisor when looking for resources as they may have helpful recommendations for sources or suggest reading that is specific to your field of study.

3. Choosing a Topic Carefully

This step can be stressful for students. A thesis topic has to be specific, but not so much so that students can’t find any research on it to support their argument. If their topic is too broad, it won’t be original enough.

Students can get help from their advisors and look into the most recent research that’s being done on their potential topic to help them narrow down exactly what they’d like to work on.

4. Reading Often

Another tip for writing a successful thesis is to read often. Reading often can help students cultivate ideas and develop more creative thinking. Even if the topics aren’t always within the students core area of research, they can still contribute to helping the student branch out and come up with a creative thesis topic.

5. Creating Citations Over Time

Writing a thesis means using primary and secondary sources to support an argument. Students will need to cite their sources and include a bibliography or works cited with their thesis.

It could save students a headache if they build their citations over time, taking notes and organizing their sources as they go instead of doing this all at the end.

Also make note of the format required for your citations, depending on the field of study students may be required to use American Psychological Associate (APA), Modern Language Associate (MLA) or Chicago, which has two styles; notes and bibliography or author-date.

There are digital services available to students that can help streamlining the citation process. Check in with your advisor to see if they have any insight to share. Some citation managers to consider might be EndNote, Mendeley, or Zotero.

6. Building a Relationship with Your Advisor

Students can benefit from building a strong relationship with their thesis advisor. The advisor will generally be overseeing the process, answering questions, and giving feedback and constructive criticism to the student.

It may be more comfortable receiving this feedback if students have developed a positive relationship with their advisor.

7. Writing and Rewriting

Writing a little bit every day can help turn this big project into more manageable pieces. Students should get in the habit of writing every day, and also rewriting and editing their work regularly.

Making improvements constantly will be easier than having to make improvements to the whole thesis at the end.

It may also be helpful to create an outline for the thesis, consider including the topics of interest and organizing them into sections. This could be a helpful tool to help you stay on task with writing and researching.

8. Staying Healthy, Mentally and Physically

Coping with the stress of writing a Master’s or undergraduate thesis can be difficult, but if physical and mental health are neglected for the sake of getting work done, the work will suffer in the long run.

While students can be hyper-focused on their thesis work, it is helpful to also prioritize their physical and mental health by getting adequate sleep, staying active, and eating well.

If the stress becomes unmanageable, students may consider seeing a counselor. Some universities offer health services and counseling on-site.

Refinancing Student Loans

For undergraduates who are completing their thesis, or graduate student’s who are beginning theirs, they may have more in common than just a heavy workload.

Both students may have taken out student loans, and maybe they’ve already begun the process of trying to pay them off.

After college, students often turn their sights to be looking for work—hoping to make enough money to make their loan payments. But aside from trying to snag a well-paying job, students who are eligible may want to consider refinancing their student loans as a strategy to streamline their loan repayment.

Refinancing a student loan means paying it off with another loan, ideally the new loan has a lower interest rate or better repayment terms.

The benefits of refinancing private student loans will depend on a variety of factors, like interest rates and income.

It’s usually not recommended to refinance federal student loans because these come with benefits like income-driven repayments and loan forgiveness, that won’t be available if they’re refinanced by a private lender.

SoFi can’t write that thesis for you, but we can help you learn more about your finances. Learn more about student loan refinancing with SoFi.



SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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What Is LIBOR?

This month’s to-do list may include submitting a student loan application for a child starting college next year, shopping for a used car now that the old one is making that sputtering sound again, paying a mortgage bill, and paying a credit card statement balance. (Plus a little extra because there weren’t enough funds last month to pay off the statement balance.)

These are fairly run-of-the-mill chores for any adult’s to-do list. But there’s something out there that affects each of those four tasks. It’s called the LIBOR.

Every item on that list—a student loan, car loan, mortgage payment, and credit card bill—comes with an interest rate. The London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, affects interest rates across the globe.

Chances are, the LIBOR rate has affected almost every American today, either directly or indirectly. So, what is this LIBOR rate that is affecting everyone’s finances?

LIBOR is the interest rate that serves as a reference point for major international banks. Just as average joes might take out loans that carry interest rates, banks loan each other money at an interest rate. This rate is the LIBOR.

The LIBOR rate is recalculated every day and published by the Intercontinental Exchange, aka ICE, an American financial market company.

The LIBOR rate should not be confused with the US prime rate. The LIBOR rate is floating, meaning it changes every day. The US prime rate is another benchmark interest rate, but it stays fixed for an extended period of time.

The LIBOR is an international rate, so it’s based on five currencies: the American dollar, British pound, European Union euro, Swiss franc, and Japanese yen.

It also serves seven maturities, or lengths of time: overnight (also referred to as “spot next”), one week, one month, two months, three months, six months, and one year.

The combination of five currencies and seven maturities results in 35 separate LIBOR rates each day. Borrowers might hear about the one-week Japanese yen rate or six-month British pound rate, for example.

The most common LIBOR rate is the three-month U.S. dollar rate. When people talk about the current LIBOR rate, they’re most likely referring to the three-month U.S. dollar LIBOR.

Every day, ICE polls a group of prominent international banks. The banks tell ICE the rate at which they would charge fellow banks for short-term loans, which are loans that will be paid back within one year.

ICE takes the banks’ highest and lowest interest rates out of the equation then finds the mean of the numbers that are left. This method is known as the “trimmed mean approach,” or “trimmed average approach,” because ICE trims off the highest and lowest rates.

The resulting trimmed mean is the LIBOR rate. After calculating the LIBOR, ICE publishes the rate every London business day at 11:55 a.m. London time, or 6:55 a.m. in New York.

How LIBOR Is Calculated

So far, we know that a group of international banks submits interest rates to ICE, and ICE calculates the trimmed mean to find the LIBOR rate. But there’s more to it than that. Which banks are involved, and how do the banks decide what rates to submit?

ICE selects a panel of 11 to 16 banks from the countries of each of its five currencies: The United Kingdom, United States, European Union, Switzerland, and Japan. This group of banks is redetermined every year, so banks may come and go from the panel.

The chosen banks must have a significant impact on the London market to be selected. (The L in LIBOR does stand for London, after all.) Some of the current US banks are HSBC, Bank of America, and UBS, just to name a few.

The banks have a pretty complex way of determining their rates called the “Waterfall Methodology.” There are three levels to the waterfall. In a perfect world, every bank from the panel would be able to provide sufficient information in Level 1, and that would be that. But if a bank can’t provide adequate rates for Level 1, it moves on to Level 2; if it doesn’t have submissions for Level 2, it moves on to Level 3.

•   Level 1: Transaction-based. A bank determines rates by looking at eligible transactions that have taken place close to 11 a.m. London time.

•   Level 2: Transaction-derived. If a bank doesn’t have rates based on actual transactions, they provide information that’s been derived from reliable data, such as previous eligible transactions.

•   Level 3: Expert judgment. A bank only gets to Level 3 if it can’t come up with transaction-based or transaction-derived rates. In this case, its bankers submit the rates they believe the bank could afford to charge other banks by 11 a.m. London time.

Seems complicated, doesn’t it? And bankers from every bank on the panel go through the Waterfall Methodology every business day.

After the ICE Benchmark Administration (IBA) receives all the banks’ rates, they cut the lowest and highest numbers and use the remaining data to find the “trimmed mean,” and—tada!—that’s the LIBOR for the day.

Why LIBOR Matters

Wondering why people should care about LIBOR? If they don’t work at a bank, who cares? Well, LIBOR actually affects almost every person who borrows money. Many lines of credit, including credit cards, mortgages, auto loans, student loans, and more, are tied to LIBOR.

All federal student loans come with fixed interest rates. Once the government sets interest rates, that rate remains fixed regardless of what happens with LIBOR because it’s based on the 10-year Treasury note instead.

When it comes to things like private student loans and mortgages, however, Americans can choose between fixed-rate loans and variable-rate loans. With variable-rate loans, the borrower’s rate may increase or decrease along with the LIBOR rate.

That may seem like a scary way to determine rates. What if the LIBOR rate increases to, say, 10%? Many lenders place a rate cap on loans so variable-rate loans can’t become expensive to the point that many borrowers may feel they have no choice but to default on their loans.

So while the LIBOR does affect many variable-rate loans, borrowers shouldn’t worry about rates spiraling out of control.

When the LIBOR rate is low, it could be a good time for consumers to take some steps toward achieving financial goals.

They might consider consolidating or refinancing their loans, or even taking out a personal loan. If their income is steady and credit score is good, a low LIBOR rate could help them land a competitive interest rate.

Someone with no debt or a fixed-rate loan might think, “Phew! It looks like the LIBOR doesn’t affect me.” Actually, LIBOR affects everyone. When the LIBOR rate continues to increase, borrowing can become so expensive that many Americans can’t afford to borrow money anymore.

When people stop taking out loans or using their credit cards, the economy slows down and the unemployment rate could rise as a result. After a while, this could lead to a recession.

Remember the financial crisis of 2008? LIBOR played a big part in that tumultuous time for America.

Subprime mortgages started defaulting, and the Federal Reserve had to bail out insurance companies and banks that didn’t have enough cash. Banks were afraid to lend to each other, so the LIBOR rate surged and investors panicked, leading the Dow to drop by 14%.

And think about what is currently going on in the economy right now. Because of the coronavirus pandemic unemployment rates have skyrocketed and interest rates have dropped dramatically.

But, interest rates will no longer be tied to LIBOR in the near future. 2021 has been set as a deadline for financial firms to move away from using LIBOR. Financial firms are looking to tie to other rates, such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), instead.

The History of LIBOR

How LIBOR Began

Why does LIBOR exist in the first place? Well, in the 1960s and 1970s, demand for interest rate-based goods such as derivatives started to increase.

The British Bankers’ Association (BBA) represented London’s financial services industry at the time, and the association decided there should be a consistent way to determine rates as demand grew. This led to the creation of the BBA LIBOR in 1986.

The BBA doesn’t control LIBOR anymore. In fact, the BBA doesn’t even exist. The association merged with UK Finance a few years ago. After some struggles and scandals took place on the BBA’s watch, ICE took over LIBOR in 2014. The BBA LIBOR is now the ICE LIBOR.

LIBOR Scandals

Bankers in ICE’s group of banks have been found guilty of reporting falsely low LIBOR rates. In some cases, these lies benefited traders who held securities tied to the LIBOR rate.

In other instances, the banks raked in the dough by keeping LIBOR rates low. People tend to borrow more money from banks when rates are low, so by deceiving the public, banks conducted more business.

In 2012, a judge found Barclays Bank to be guilty of reporting false LIBOR rates from 2005 to 2009, and the CEO, Bob Diamond, stepped down. Diamond claimed other bankers did the exact same thing, and a London court found three more bankers guilty of reporting false LIBOR rates.

After the 2008 financial crisis and 2012 scandal, it became clear that there were some flaws in how LIBOR was determined.

The Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom started overseeing LIBOR, and in 2014, the ICE Benchmark Administration (IBA) took over LIBOR and started changing how things were done.

How LIBOR Is Changing

LIBOR has gone through a lot of changes since 1986. In 1998, the bankers were told to change the question they asked themselves each morning before reporting their rates. Bankers used to base rates on the question, “At what rate do you think interbank term deposits will be offered by one prime bank to another prime bank for a reasonable market size today at 11 a.m.?”

Now they should ask themselves, “At what rate could you borrow funds, were you to do so by asking for and then accepting interbank offers in a reasonable market size just prior to 11 a.m.?” The questions may seem similar, but the change in wording showed that the BBA was trying to keep them honest.

In 2017, the IBA held a three-month test period of LIBOR standards in an attempt to limit further scandal.

LIBOR has changed currencies over the years. There used to be more than the remaining five currencies and more than the seven maturities, but some were added and removed after the financial crisis of 2008.

But despite all the attempts at improvements over the years, CEO of the FCA Andrew Bailey has announced that he hopes to stop using LIBOR by the end of 2021.

Some say LIBOR is becoming less reliable as banks make fewer transactions that depend on its rate. The Federal Reserve is proposing American banks use alternative benchmark rates, one option being an index called the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) .

Competitive Interest Rates With SoFi

It’s difficult to know what will happen with the LIBOR rate next week, next month, or even at the end of 2021. But one thing’s for sure: benchmark rates continue to affect the US economy and consumers’ loan interest rates.

When members apply for a loan through SoFi, borrowers can choose between variable rates (which would be more directly affected by fluctuations in benchmark rates) or fixed rates on a variety of loan products.

SoFi offers variable-rate or fixed-rate mortgage, variable rate or fixed rate private student loans, or fixed rate personal loans. They may also be able to refinance their student loans or mortgages for more competitive rates if they qualify.

SoFi members can receive other discounts when they borrow through SoFi. For example, when student loan borrowers set up automatic payments, they are eligible to receive a reduction on their interest rate.

Whatever happens with LIBOR, SoFi members can benefit from perks like unemployment protection, exclusive member events, and member discounts.

Searching for a loan with competitive rates? SoFi offers home loans, student loans, and personal loans, as well as refinancing.



SoFi Student Loan Refinance
Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers.
Learn more at SoFi.com/eligibility. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


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Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.


SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. We encourage you to evaluate all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.

Terms and conditions apply. SOFI RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. SoFi Private Student loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, such as completion of a loan application and self-certification form, verification of application information, the student's at least half-time enrollment in a degree program at a SoFi-participating school, and, if applicable, a co-signer. In addition, borrowers must be U.S. citizens or other eligible status, be residing in the U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, and must meet SoFi’s underwriting requirements, including verification of sufficient income to support your ability to repay. Minimum loan amount is $1,000. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change. This information is current as of 4/22/2025 and is subject to change. SoFi Private Student loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).

SoFi Bank, N.A. and its lending products are not endorsed by or directly affiliated with any college or university unless otherwise disclosed.

SoFi Mortgages
Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

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