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If you enjoy driving and have access to a reliable vehicle, you may be able to use that everyday skill to make money. There are numerous ways to earn money while driving, whether through ridesharing, delivering food, or being a tour guide.

Not only is this an easy way to bring in some cash, it can be a very flexible gig. You can set your own hours or get behind the wheel when your schedule allows.

Want to learn more about all the ways you can get paid for driving? Then read on, and get ready to start your engine. Here are 11 tips on how to make money while driving.

What to Consider Before Using Your Car to Make Money

Before you set out on your new road to earning extra income, it’s wise to make sure that driving to make money is right for you. There are risks and complications when using your personal vehicle that may outweigh the potential side hustle benefits you would reap.

Consider the following before embarking on using your car to make money:

•   Wear and tear on your car. Using your car to earn money while you drive can rack up a lot of miles. An uptick in use will put stress on your vehicle, leading to its overall depreciation and potentially more trips to the mechanic.

•   Age of your vehicle. The age of your car may impact your ability to earn money. For example, some rideshare companies require newer cars.

•   Car insurance. You will need proper insurance to cover yourself and possibly a passenger. There are usually specific insurance requirements to be eligible for ridesharing and other driving gigs, so scrutinize your policy to see how car insurance works for you in this situation.

•   Taxes. If you earn more than $400 while driving your car to make money, the IRS considers you an independent contractor. Along with a Form 1040, you’ll have to fill out a Schedule C form. You’ll also be subject to the self-employment tax.

•   Cost of doing business. This isn’t necessarily a low-cost side hustle, since you’ll be responsible for gas, vehicle maintenance, and repairs. But as a self-employed worker, you’ll be able to write off those expenses and others, such as mileage, on your tax return.

Bottom line: Make sure you know what you and your car are getting into. You don’t want a scenario where you end up wasting money and your valuable time instead of earning more income.

11 Ways to Earn Money by Driving

How can I make money driving my own car?

How can I make money driving my own car? The answer depends on where you live, the kind of car you own, other skills you may have, and your personal preferences. But whether you own your car or lease it, the opportunities are out there if you’re willing to grab them.

Here are 11 suggestions on how to make money by driving:

1. Ridesharing

If you’ve ever hopped in an Uber, then you likely understand what ridesharing is all about. A driver uses their car to pick up passengers on demand. This has become a popular way to earn money while driving in recent years. You can drive as suits your schedule, and rideshare companies such as Uber and Lyft strive to make the driver sign-up process as streamlined as possible.

If you have a good driving record, a flexible schedule, and newer four-door vehicle, working for a rideshare app can potentially be a great source of extra income, especially if you’re willing to give up your Friday and Saturday nights to earn prime-hour cash. Your specific earnings will depend on how often you drive, when, and for how long, as well as where you are located. Uber drivers can earn anywhere from $7.70 to $38.65 per hour, with the average coming in at $20.29, according to Indeed.

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2. Food Delivery Service

Another way you can be driving to make money: by delivering anything from a smoothie to Pad Thai and back again. When you sign up with food delivery apps such as Uber Eats, Seamless, and Grubhub, you’ll get notifications to pick up food from participating restaurants and drive them to hungry patrons. For every delivery, you’ll get paid.

Drivers for Door Dash can earn anywhere from $7.25 to $40.00 per hour, but the national average hourly pay is $17.14, according to Indeed.

3. Delivering Groceries

If you want to earn money driving without the smell of takeout in your car, consider delivering groceries instead of prepared meals. Apps such as Instacart rely on independent drivers to shop and deliver groceries to people’s homes.

Grocery deliverers can make between $14 and $43 an hour, depending on how busy the local area where you live is. Be sure and check for any requirements. For example, to work for Instacart, you need to be age 18 or older, have a bank account, and be able to lift at least 40 pounds.

4. Delivering Goods to Others

Food isn’t the only thing you can deliver to earn money while driving. There’s a whole world of goods out there that people want delivered. Apps such as Shipt work with drug stores (like CVS) and large retailers (like Target and Lowe’s) to get people what they need.

Looking for another idea? Amazon Flex allows independent drivers to deliver packages on their own schedules for an hourly wage. They do require you to have a mid-size, four-door sedan or larger.

5. Moving Large Items for Others

If you own a van, SUV, or truck and can do some heavy lifting, you could use your vehicle and your strength to make big bucks by helping move items.

Maybe a recent grad can finally afford to move out from their parents’ place, or someone is moving to a new, nearby neighborhood. People like these often need help moving oversized items such as furniture or multiple heavy boxes a short distance.

You can check out websites like Taskrabbit or Craigslist to see if someone needs moving assistance, or register with an online service such as Dolly or GoShare that will connect you with clients.

6. Shuttling Children

With the proper qualifications, you can drive to make money by transporting children. Many working parents need help getting their kids to and from school or to their after-school activities. You can search Care.com or other childcare employment sites for part-time gigs, driving children where they need to be.

Companies such as HopSkipDrive work with school districts and independent drivers to solve child transportation issues. Most of these types of jobs require around five years of experience working with kids, in-person interviews, and background checks.

Recommended: 8 Great Flexible Part-time Jobs for Gen Z and Millennials

7. Transporting Elderly People

Some seniors need help getting around town but prefer not to use rideshare services. Check with elder-care services in your community. They may need drivers to help get their clients to a store, an activity, or a doctor’s appointment.

You will likely need similar vetting to that mentioned for chauffeuring children.

8. Driving Tours

If you have the gift of gab and knowledge of your area, being a tour guide could be a fun way to make money while driving. You could register with online companies such as ToursByLocals and create a private driver profile to promote your insider savvy. This could involve showing tourists local highlights so they can take some photos for social media, or sharing hidden treasures that they might not otherwise learn about. It’s a win-win when you use your hometown smarts to boost your financial security.

9. Putting Advertising on Your Car

Here’s a passive income idea that works, though it’s not for everyone: Consider turning your car into a mobile billboard. Companies such as Wrapify and Carvertise will match you with a local advertising campaign and supply you with temporary “wraps” for your car that promote a product. Depending on where you drive and the size of your car, you could make between $264 and $452 a month.

Typically, these businesses want to wrap cars that are on the road and visible for much of the time. If you are doing deliveries by car, this might be a way to bring in more cash.

10. Renting Out Your Car

You can make money off your car without even driving it. Companies such as Turo and Getaround allow you to rent out your vehicle à la Airbnb. They will vet borrowers, cover insurance, and provide you with a device that allows renters to unlock your car without a key.

If you don’t want to do ridesharing, let others do it for you. Companies like HyreCar arrange to lend your car to other vetted drivers who want to earn money for Lyft or Uber. But to really make some dough, you would have to be willing to part with your vehicle often.

11. Being a Safe Driver

Here’s another way that driving can bring in some cash: If you are a safe driver, you may be eligible for a bit of money. For example, Allstate will reward you with a Safe Driving Bonus every six months if you don’t get in a fender-bender.

The State Farm insurance app will track your car to determine if you are driving safely — it monitors things like staying within the speed limit and coming to a complete stop versus a rolling one. You could get up to a 30% discount on your auto insurance.

Recommended: How to Deposit Cash at an ATM

The Takeaway

If you have a vehicle, you can make extra money. Signing up with the right apps and online services can get your car (and your new income stream) up and running. Whether it’s doing deliveries, transporting a sofa, or helping a person get to their destination, you can turn your vehicle (plus your driving skills) into a profit-mobile.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

What are the pros of making money while driving?

By using your car to make money, you may be able to set your own hours and be your own boss. It’s also a pursuit that doesn’t require much specialized training. In many cases, you are using a skill you already have.

What are the cons of making money while driving?

Using your car to make money can place a lot of stress and miles on your vehicle. Gas and maintenance prices can really add up. Plus some pursuits, such as helping people move furniture, can be physically challenging.

Is making money with your car better as a side hustle?

Earnings from most car-driving gigs can be sporadic and unpredictable, unless you live in a major city with consistent high demand. For this reason, it may be best to have another form of steady income and drive for cash on the side.

How much can you potentially earn with your car?

How much you can make driving your car depends on the type of job and where you live. On average, Uber drivers earn $20.29 per hour, according to Indeed.

Photo credit: iStock/Hispanolistic

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Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 11/12/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

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Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

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SOBNK-Q424-085

Gross income is the amount of money earned before any payroll deductions for taxes, insurance, retirement contributions, and such. To calculate gross monthly income from a biweekly paycheck, find the gross amount listed on the pay stub (usually the starting number). Multiply that figure by 26 (the number of paychecks received in a year), then divide by 12 (months in a year).

The calculation for gross monthly income can differ depending on paycheck frequency. Below we’ll show you how to calculate your gross pay for different payroll schedules.

How to Calculate Monthly Pay From Biweekly Pay

There are two different monthly pay figures to understand, gross and net. Each is useful in different situations. When you’re applying for a loan, most lenders use gross monthly income to determine your debt-to-income ratio (DTI). However, many people find it easier to budget based on net or take-home pay. A budget planner app can help you decide the best approach for your situation.

As we spelled out above, if you’re paid biweekly (every two weeks), the formula for gross monthly income is:

(Gross pay amount × 26) ÷ 12

Hourly workers can also use this next formula if they work a consistent number of hours per week:

(Hourly salary × weekly hours worked × 52) ÷ 12

To find net monthly pay, substitute the actual amount of your paycheck for the gross amount in the first formula.

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How Many Bi-Weeks in a Year

There are 26 biweekly pay periods in a year. Employees who get paid biweekly will receive 26 paychecks from January to December.

It’s important to note that receiving pay biweekly differs from receiving pay twice a month on the same dates. Workers who receive biweekly checks can’t just multiply one paycheck by two to find their monthly salary.

Employees who get paid twice a month — for instance, on the 15th and 30th — can find their monthly gross income simply by adding together the gross figures on their two monthly paychecks.

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The Different Types of Payment Periods

The most common pay periods for employees are:

•   Biweekly: Paid every other week, or 26 paychecks per year.

•   Semimonthly: Paid twice a month on the same dates, or 24 checks per year.

•   Weekly: Paid once a week, or 52 checks per year.

•   Monthly: Paid once a month, or 12 checks per year.

Employees who receive biweekly pay get two checks or direct deposits each month, except for two months of the year when they receive three paychecks. Employees who are paid biweekly might get a paycheck every other Wednesday or Friday, or whatever day their employer chooses.

With semimonthly pay, an employee might get paid on the 15th and 30th of every month. There are always two paydays, for a total of 24 per year instead of 26.

An employee who gets paid twice a week is on a semiweekly schedule. This would entail eight paychecks each month.

Pros and Cons of Biweekly vs Semimonthly Pay

For employees, there are pros and cons to biweekly pay. Depending on their expenses and savings strategy, someone might prefer a biweekly or semimonthly schedule.

For most workers, the main pro to biweekly pay is the third “bonus” check they receive two months out of the year. By budgeting for two paychecks every month, workers can designate the occasional third check for special line items like vacations, holiday gifts, paying off debt, or boosting savings.

For others, biweekly checks just make budgeting and managing expenses more challenging. Semimonthly pay is preferable because it offers an accurate reflection of real monthly income.

Also, each semimonthly check can be dedicated to particular expenses. For example, the second check of the month can go to rent, utilities, and other housing costs, which are often due the first of the month.

Compared to weekly paychecks, both biweekly and semiweekly checks require better cash management on a weekly basis. For someone who lives paycheck to paycheck, biweekly pay periods might mean they run out of money before the next check arrives.

The Takeaway

To calculate gross monthly income from a biweekly paycheck, find the gross amount listed on the pay stub, multiply by 26, then divide by 12. (Do not use this formula if you’re paid twice a month on the same dates, rather than the same days of the week.) For your monthly net pay, substitute your net or take-home pay for the gross amount in the same calculation.

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FAQ

How do you convert biweekly pay to monthly income?

To calculate gross monthly income from a biweekly paycheck, find the gross amount listed on the pay stub (usually the starting number). Multiply that figure by 26 (the number of paychecks received in a year), then divide by 12 (months in a year).

How do I calculate my gross monthly income?

Gross monthly income is the total of all paychecks and income received in a month, including any side hustles, rental income, etc., but before taxes and other deductions.

How do you calculate gross income from a W-2 form?

Gross wages cannot always be found on a W-2 form due to various pre-tax deductions. Instead, look at the gross amount listed on the employee’s final paycheck for the year.

Photo credit: iStock/Eva-Katalin

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*Terms and conditions apply. This offer is only available to new SoFi users without existing SoFi accounts. It is non-transferable. One offer per person. To receive the rewards points offer, you must successfully complete setting up Credit Score Monitoring. Rewards points may only be redeemed towards active SoFi accounts, such as your SoFi Checking or Savings account, subject to program terms that may be found here: SoFi Member Rewards Terms and Conditions. SoFi reserves the right to modify or discontinue this offer at any time without notice.

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.

Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.

SORL-Q224-1921206-V1

“What happened?!” may be your response when you look at your paycheck and see all of those deductions, whittling your hard-earned cash down to a (much) lower figure than you expected.

And perhaps, if you look more closely, you’ll notice a line on your paystub that shows a major amount of money subtracted and think, What is withholding tax? And why do they take so much?

Federal and state withholding taxes, also known as “taxes withheld,” are funds that your employer takes out and sends to the government to help federal programs. These taxes have a purpose, and in the long run, you’ll probably be glad they are deducted from your check rather than owed as a mega lump sum on Tax Day.

Read on to learn more about tax withholding, including factors that impact how much gets deducted and how to calculate your withholding taxes.

What is Income Tax Withholding?

Many people think their taxes are due mid-April, but the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) actually requires you to pay as you go, meaning you need to pay most of your tax during the year, as you receive income, rather than at the end of the year. When you see those federal and possibly state and local taxes being whisked out of each paycheck, that’s exactly what is happening.

A withholding tax is an amount, based on your salary, that your employer sets aside and then pays directly to the government on your behalf. It’s a credit against the full amount of personal income tax you will owe for the year. By doing this, your employer is helping you avoid a surprise tax bill come April. Tax withholding also helps ensure you won’t owe interest or a penalty for paying too little tax during the course of the year.

That said, how much is deducted from your paycheck can vary depending on a variety of factors. You are able to designate what portion of your check goes toward your taxes on the IRS W-4 form (more on that in a bit).

•   If you allocate too much, that means more than necessary is taken out, and you will likely receive a tax refund when you file your taxes.

•   If you set aside too little, you will probably owe a balance or have what’s known as a “tax bill” due during tax season to make up the difference.

Your federal withholding tax rate depends on your income and tax bracket.

Factors That Determine Tax Withholding

There are several factors that determine just how much tax is withheld from your paycheck, whether it arrives as a paper check or via direct deposit. These include:

•   How much you earn: Generally, the more you earn, the higher the rate at which taxes are withheld

•   Your filing status: For instance, you might file your taxes as single, married filing jointly, or married filing separately.

•   How many (if any) withholding allowances you claim: Typically, if you claim a higher number of allowances, your withholding will be lower. This means more cash will flow your way on each payday, but you might owe taxes when you file. If you have a lower number of allowances, more money is taken out for taxes, and you could wind up getting a refund when your tax return is processed.

•   Whether you decide to have additional money withheld: Some individuals may ask their employers to withhold, say, an extra $100 or more per pay period if they find they typically owe taxes at year’s end.

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What Is State Income Tax Withholding?

If you live in a state that levies income tax, you will also see tax withholding for that type of tax on your paycheck. There are just nine states that don’t tax earned income. In other words, you will not pay state taxes if you live in:

•   Alaska

•   Florida

•   Nevada

•   New Hampshire

•   South Dakota

•   Tennessee

•   Texas

•   Washington

•   Wyoming

The concept of tax withholding works in the same way at the state level as it does at the federal: A certain portion is put toward your future state tax bill, and you may either owe or get a refund, depending on how much you paid in.

💡 Quick Tip: Did you know online banking can help you get paid sooner? Feel the magic of payday up to two days earlier when you set up direct deposit with SoFi.

What Is the Purpose of Tax Withholding?

As briefly mentioned above, tax withholding saves you from owing a huge bundle of taxes in April. If people were left to their own devices to set aside money for taxes, well, that might not always be a success. Every time you receive your paycheck, there are bills to pay, dinners out and movies to tempt you, and vacations to plan and take. As a result it can be hard to save money from your salary.

In addition to helping you avoid a surprise tax bill, tax withholding is also a way for the government to maintain its pay-as-you-go income tax system. If you pay too little in taxes throughout the year, you can get hit with an underpayment penalty and interest payments (on top of that surprise tax bill).

Recommended: Your Guide to Filing Taxes for the First Time

Tax and Employment Documents to Know

When you are first hired at a company, you typically fill out a W-4 form. This form is designed to help your employer estimate how much tax you’ll owe by the end of the year. To do this, the form asks you about your family, potential deductions you might claim, and any additional income you earn outside your W-2 job. Based on your answers, your employer will determine how much tax to withhold from your paychecks.

Then when tax time rolls around, you will receive IRS Form W-2. This includes information on how much income you earned in a given tax year, as well as how much you paid in federal, state, and other taxes.

You’ll use this W-2 to file your taxes, and it will determine whether you receive a tax refund, owe more taxes, or break even.

Calculating Income Tax Withholding

It can take a bit of tweaking to find that balance between overpaying in federal withholding and having to pay more when you file your taxes.

Some people like getting a tax refund because it’s a lump sum they can put toward debt or invest. But realize that overpaying is a bit like giving the government a free loan throughout the year.

While there may be fast ways to get a tax refund, perhaps you’d rather just hold onto that money in the first place. If you better balance what is taken out of your paychecks, you could take the excess you would have paid and put it in a high-yield savings account or invest it for the future.

If you’re wondering what is a withholding tax allowance that’s right for you, there’s help. The IRS has a Tax Withholding Estimator you can use based on your current situation. In general, the more allowances or exemptions you have, the less will be withheld from your pay; the fewer the exemptions, the more will be withheld.

While you aren’t asked to fill out a new W-4 each year, you may request one if you think you need to adjust the withholding amount.

Some of the times it might be wise to adjust how much income tax is withheld include:

•   Starting a new job or position

•   Having a child

•   Getting married or divorced

•   Buying a house.

Can I Be Exempt from Tax Withholding?

To be exempt from tax withholding means that no federal taxes will be withheld from your pay. You might also have no state or local taxes (if applicable) deducted. Here are the ways in which someone might qualify to be exempt from such taxes:

•   If all of your federal income tax was refunded because you have no tax liability and you expect the same thing to happen this year, then you may be exempt from withholding taxes. (But note, Social Security and some other taxes may still be withheld as part of other types of payroll deductions.)

•   Certain types of income are considered exempt. For instance, money paid to foster parents for their taking care of children in their homes may be tax-free. Payments from workers’ compensation is another example of funds that may be tax-exempt.

The Takeaway

Paying taxes may not be fun, but it’s important to remember that this money is put toward things we all enjoy, like smooth roads and education programs. And federal withholding from your paycheck keeps you from having a giant bill when you file taxes.

When it comes to tax withholding, it’s important to understand how much is being withheld from each paycheck and whether you need to modify your W-4 to find a better balance between overpaying and owing more money come Tax Day.

Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with eligible direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.

FAQ

Does the government pay for income tax withholdings?

Money that is withheld from your earnings, known as income tax withholding, goes to the government. These dollars help pay for federal programs that benefit citizens and keep our country running, from education to transportation to security.

How can someone qualify for a withholding exemption?

To qualify as tax-exempt, you would have to have had no tax liability in the previous year and expect the same status in the current tax year. Also keep in mind that some forms of income may be tax-exempt, such as payments for in-home foster care of children or for workers’ compensation.

Why has my employer withheld too much income tax?

If your employer withheld too much income tax, then you will likely get a refund at tax time. You can update your withholding on your W-4 form; the more allowances you have, the less money will be withheld to cover your tax liability.

Why has my employer withheld too little income tax?

If you wound up owing the IRS money at tax time, the issue could be that you have too many exemptions or allowances claimed on your W-4 form, meaning your employer is not withholding enough money from your paycheck. You may want to adjust your W-4, knowing that the lower your number of allowances, the more money your employer with withhold and send to the IRS on your behalf.

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Annual percentage yield (APY) is variable and subject to change at any time. Rates are current as of 11/12/25. There is no minimum balance requirement. Fees may reduce earnings. Additional rates and information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet

Eligible Direct Deposit means a recurring deposit of regular income to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government benefit payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Eligible Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network every 31 calendar days.

Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not designate payments as direct deposit. To ensure you're earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, we encourage you to check your APY Details page the day after your Eligible Direct Deposit posts to your SoFi account. If your APY is not showing as the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit, contact us at 855-456-7634 with the details of your Eligible Direct Deposit. As long as SoFi Bank can validate those details, you will start earning the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit from the date you contact SoFi for the next 31 calendar days. You will also be eligible for the APY for account holders with Eligible Direct Deposit on future Eligible Direct Deposits, as long as SoFi Bank can validate them.

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SOBNK-Q424-083

The labor market is a key component of the economy, as it represents the supply and demand for workers and their respective wages. Labor market indicators are statistics that reflect the state of the labor market, providing information about employment levels, wage growth, and other factors that can impact the overall economy.

A wide range of analysts, from economists to investors to business owners to policymakers, pay close attention to various labor market indicators to help gauge the state of the economy. These data can play a critical role in determining how investors and businesses make investment decisions and how policymakers shape laws and regulations that affect society. They can also be important for investors, too.

What Is the Labor Market?

The labor market, also known as the job market, is where workers and employers come together to find jobs and workers, respectively. It is critical to the economy because the supply and demand for labor determines wages and other employment-related issues. That, in turn, can affect how people invest, which can be helpful to know if you’re actively online investing or figuring out your strategy.

The labor market is influenced by various factors, including the overall health of the economy, the level of education and training of the workforce, and government policies that impact employment and wages. The labor market can also be affected by broader economic trends, such as globalization and technological change.

Low unemployment and rising wages often characterize a healthy labor market. These developments may indicate a robust economy and can lead to improved living standards for workers and their families. On the other hand, a weak labor market can signal economic difficulties, like a recession, and result in lower wages and higher levels of unemployment.

The labor market plays a crucial role in the functioning of the economy. By paying attention to the labor market and labor market indicators, investors can better evaluate the health and well-being of the economy, which may help inform investment strategies.

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Common Labor Market Indicators

Investors, economists, and policymakers use several common economic indicators to evaluate the state of the labor market. These indicators, most of which are released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), can provide valuable information about employment levels, wage growth, and other factors that can impact the economy.

Some of the most common labor market indicators include the following.

Unemployment Rate

One of the most closely watched labor market indicators is the unemployment rate, which is the percentage of the labor force that is not currently employed but is actively seeking work. This number can give insight into the overall health of the economy, as a high unemployment rate can indicate a sluggish economy. A low unemployment rate may signal a strong economy where most people are able to find jobs if they’re looking for one.

The unemployment rate is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed workers actively seeking work by the total number of individuals in the labor force (which includes both employed and unemployed workers). The unemployment rate is expressed as a percentage. For example, if there are 100 unemployed workers and 500 individuals in the labor force, the unemployment rate would be 20% (100/500 = 0.20).

Nonfarm Payrolls

Nonfarm payrolls, also known as nonfarm employment or total nonfarm payrolls, measure the number of people employed in the United States. The nonfarm payrolls number is derived from the monthly Employment Situation report (also known as the Jobs Report), which is based on a survey of nonfarm establishments. This survey excludes farm workers, private household workers, employees of nonprofit organizations, and other types of businesses.

The nonfarm payroll number is considered an essential indicator of the state of the labor market, as it provides information about employment levels across a wide range of industries. A rising nonfarm payroll number can indicate a strong labor market and a growing economy, while a falling number can signal economic difficulties.

Average Hourly Earnings

Average hourly earnings is a measure of the average wage earned by workers. Along with the nonfarm payrolls report, it is released monthly by the BLS and is considered an important indicator of wage growth and the well-being of workers.

Average hourly earnings are calculated by dividing the total wages paid to workers by the number of hours worked. This number is then expressed in terms of an average hourly wage. For example, if the total wages paid to workers are $100,000 and the total number of hours worked is 2,000, the average hourly earnings would be $50 per hour (100,000/2,000 = 50).

Average hourly earnings can provide valuable information about the state of the labor market and the well-being of workers. Rising average hourly earnings may indicate that workers are seeing their wages increase, which may signify a strong labor market and a growing economy. However, rising wages may be a cause of inflation. On the other hand, falling average hourly earnings may signal economic difficulties and stagnant wages.

Employment-to-Population Ratio

Another critical labor market indicator is the employment-to-population ratio, which is the percentage of the population that is currently employed. This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of employed individuals by the total population.

The employment-to-population ratio can give a sense of the extent to which the labor force is being utilized. A high employment-to-population ratio can indicate a strong labor market, while a low ratio can signal economic difficulties. Additionally, this ratio can also be used to compare the employment levels of different groups within the population. For example, analysts may use the ratio to compare the employment levels of men and women or to evaluate the employment levels of different age groups.

Labor Force Participation Rate

The labor force participation rate (LFPR) is the percentage of the population that is either employed or actively seeking work. It is calculated by dividing the number of individuals in the labor force (which includes both employed and unemployed workers) by the total population and is expressed as a percentage. The LFPR can provide information about the availability of workers in the labor market and can be used to evaluate trends in the workforce.

JOLTs

JOLTS, or the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, is a monthly survey conducted by the BLS. It provides data on job openings, hiring, separations (including layoffs, discharges, and quits), and other labor market dynamics in the United States.

The JOLTS data can provide insight into employment and job growth trends and can also be used to identify potential labor shortages or surpluses. For example, a high number of job openings and quits can indicate a strong labor market, while a low number can signal a weak labor market.

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Initial Jobless Claims

Initial jobless claims, also known as new unemployment claims or jobless claims, measure the number of individuals who have filed for unemployment benefits for the first time. This number is released weekly by the United States Department of Labor (DOL).

The number of initial jobless claims is a measure of the pace of layoffs in the economy. A rising number of initial jobless claims can lead to a weak labor market and a slowing economy. In contrast, a falling number can signal a strong labor market and a growing economy.

Continuing Jobless Claims

Continuing jobless claims, also known as continuing unemployment claims or continuing claims, is a measure of the number of individuals who have filed for unemployment benefits and have yet to find a job. Like initial jobless claims, this indicator is released weekly by the DOL.

The number of continuing jobless claims provides information about the number of individuals who have been unable to find work after filing for unemployment benefits. A high number of continuing jobless claims can indicate a weak labor market, suggesting that many workers are struggling to find employment. On the other hand, a low number of continuing jobless claims can signal a strong labor market, as it suggests that most workers can find jobs.

The Takeaway

Labor market indicators are an important tool for understanding the state of the economy and the health of the labor market. By tracking these indicators, you can better understand the factors that drive employment, wage growth, and the economy and make more informed decisions about your investments. Depending on the data, labor market indicators may show a strong economy, which may be a positive sign for your portfolio, or vice versa.

Ready to invest in your goals? It’s easy to get started when you open an investment account with SoFi Invest. You can invest in stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, alternative funds, and more. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).

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