Are FHA Loans Assumable in 2025? What You Need to Know
Instead of pursuing traditional home financing options, buyers might consider assuming the mortgage from the seller. FHA loans are assumable in certain scenarios for qualified buyers, and choosing that option may be beneficial for buyers and sellers alike. Here’s everything you need to know about how to assume a loan backed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), including the requirements and potential advantages and drawbacks.
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Key Points
• Assuming an FHA loan means taking over the seller’s original loan balance, terms, and interest rate.
• FHA loans are assumable in certain scenarios for qualified buyers.
• Potential benefits of assumption include a lower interest rate, long-term interest savings, and lower closing costs.
• Major drawbacks include the high upfront cost of paying the seller’s home equity and the continued requirement for FHA mortgage insurance premiums (MIPs) in most cases.
• To qualify, the buyer must meet FHA eligibility requirements (like minimum credit score) and use the property as their primary residence.
What Is an FHA Loan?
An FHA loan is a type of mortgage that is popular with first-time homebuyers, in part due to its relaxed credit requirements. These loans are backed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), which reduces the risk for lenders and typically translates to lower interest rates than a conventional mortgage.
FHA mortgage loans carry low minimum down payment requirements: just 3.5% for borrowers with a credit score of at least 580, or 10% for borrowers with lower credit scores. On the other hand, FHA loans require borrowers to pay an FHA mortgage insurance premium (MIP) in addition to homeowner’s insurance. The home purchased with the FHA loan must be the buyer’s primary residence.
What Is Mortgage Assumption?
A mortgage assumption involves a buyer taking over the responsibility of a mortgage originally held by the seller to purchase a property. By assuming the mortgage, the buyer takes on the loan balance and terms on the home loan from the seller, and will begin making the same monthly payment as the seller had, based on the seller’s original interest rate. This makes an assumable mortgage an appealing option when current interest rates are high. Assuming a mortgage during divorce is also one way to divide assets and transfer property ownership between soon-to-be-former spouses.
Buyers must apply for an assumable mortgage from the lender that holds the original mortgage. As with other types of home mortgages, lenders will evaluate a borrower’s creditworthiness and other eligibility requirements.
It’s also possible to handle a mortgage assumption as a private transaction, known as a simple mortgage assumption. Essentially, the seller transfers the title to the buyer who agrees to manage the remaining mortgage payments. Keep in mind that this could leave the seller on the hook financially if the buyer misses mortgage payments.
Pros and Cons of Assuming an FHA Loan
Assuming an FHA loan can come with potential advantages and downsides. Here are some considerations for buyers and sellers to keep in mind if contemplating an FHA assumable mortgage.
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Pros:
• Lower interest rate: If mortgage rates have increased since the original FHA loan was issued, an assumable loan could reduce the monthly payment and add up to thousands saved on interest over the life of the loan.
• Long-term savings on interest: Besides the potential savings of a lower interest rate, assuming a FHA loan typically means a shorter term and less paid in interest.
• Lower closing costs: Mortgage closing costs on a new home usually range from 2% to 5% of the loan amount, whereas assumption fees are often 1% or less of the original loan amount.
• Skip the appraisal: Lenders don’t typically require a home appraisal with an FHA assumable mortgage.
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Cons:
• High upfront costs: With an assumable mortgage, the buyer pays the seller for their home equity. This could be a large sum if the home value has increased or the seller has paid off a large amount of the mortgage principal.
• Mortgage insurance premiums: For FHA loans issued after July 3, 2013, the borrower would need to have made a 10% down payment and stayed current on monthly payments for the last 11 years to cancel MIP. Unless these conditions are met, this cost would be included in monthly payments for the life of the loan.
Recommended: What Is a Good Mortgage Interest Rate Right Now?
FHA Loan Assumption Rules and Requirements
Are all FHA loans assumable? Put simply, no. There are requirements for the buyer, seller, and existing loan to qualify for an FHA assumable mortgage. For starters, the date the original loan was issued has an impact on how to assume an FHA loan. Following the passage of the HUD Reform Act of 1989, buyers need to meet FHA loan requirements to assume a FHA mortgage originated after December 15, 1989.
Typically, lenders look for a minimum credit score of 580 and a debt-to-income (DTI) ratio of 43% or less to qualify for a FHA loan. Those with a score of 500-579 may qualify but face more restrictions. The buyer must also use the property as their primary residence with an FHA loan assumption.
On the seller’s end, they need to have owned the home for at least one year. The current FHA loan must be in good standing, meaning that the seller has made on-time monthly payments.
How to Assume an FHA Loan
Follow the steps below to move forward with an FHA loan assumption.
1. Find a Seller With an Assumable Property
If you’re not assuming a property from a family member or someone you know, you might begin by contacting sellers directly. An FHA loan assumption could move faster than a standard mortgage process, so it could be favorable for some sellers.
2. Ensure You Meet the Eligibility Requirements
Getting your financial ducks in a row beforehand can help ensure you meet the eligibility requirements for an FHA loan assumption. Besides the minimum credit score and DTI ratio outlined above, lenders consider employment history and proof of income.
3. Submit an Assumption Application
Once you and the seller have reached an agreement, submit an application to the lender. You’ll need to compile bank statements and other financial information to include in the application.
4. Pay the Seller’s Equity
Instead of a down payment, the buyer is responsible for paying the seller for their home equity. This is calculated as the difference between the current loan balance and either the home’s purchase price or its current market value.
5. Finalize Closing
There are closing costs and paperwork to handle to finalize an FHA loan assumption. This includes signing a release of liability form that removes the seller from all future mortgage responsibility.
The Takeaway
FHA loans are assumable, and they present buyers with an option to secure a lower interest rate while taking on less debt. However, the upfront cost to buy out the seller’s home equity can be steep. If you haven’t found an assumable property or are still weighing your options, you might consider other types of financing to purchase a home.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% - 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It's online, with access to one-on-one help.
FAQ
Can anyone assume an FHA loan?
Anyone can assume an FHA loan if they meet the lender’s eligibility requirements. Lenders evaluate a buyer’s credit history and finances as if they were applying for a FHA loan.
Do you have to be a first-time buyer to assume an FHA loan?
You do not have to be a first-time homebuyer to assume an FHA loan. But buyers do need to use the home as their primary residence when assuming an FHA loan.
What credit score do you need to assume an FHA loan?
Generally, buyers need a credit score of 580 or higher to assume an FHA loan. It may be possible to qualify with a credit score between 500 and 579 but with more money down.
Can you avoid mortgage insurance when assuming an FHA loan?
A mortgage insurance premium is required on FHA loans, though it’s possible to assume an FHA loan that had the mortgage insurance premium cancelled if the seller met certain criteria.
Does the original borrower get released from liability when an FHA loan is assumed?
Yes, the original borrower gets released from liability when the release of liability form is signed at the closing for an FHA loan assumption. In a private assumption transaction, if there is no release of liability signed, the original borrower could remain responsible for payments should the new owner default.
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*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
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¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency. Third Party Trademarks: Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER®
This article is not intended to be legal advice. Please consult an attorney for advice.
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