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You did it. All those countless hours devoted to classes, late-night study sessions, and college entrance exams have paid off. That’s right, you’re going to college!

Chances are you’ve been working toward this goal for most of your life, so you deserve a major pat on the back. Bask in this moment, because once that post-acceptance glow wears off, you may be faced with some big decisions that you aren’t all that eager to make. Namely, how to be a great student loan borrower.

No matter how much you plan or how many pennies you and your family pinch, these days it’s pretty difficult to save enough to pay for school without the assistance of loans. If it provides any comfort, know you aren’t alone when it comes to facing large amounts of student loan debt once you graduate.

The average student borrower has about $37,000 in loans and as of August 2018, there were 44 million student loan borrowers in the United States. Luckily, there are ways you can prepare to manage your future student loan debt and receive some help along the way.

Understand the Cost of Your Education

When choosing where to study, you’ll have to make a lot of important decisions. Do you want to attend a liberal arts school or one that focuses on S.T.E.M. subjects? Would going to a university in a big city help you find that dream internship or would you better thrive by staying closer to home?

In an ideal world, you would make your education decisions based off many factors, but cost wouldn’t be one of them. Unfortunately, most soon-to-be college students need to consider the cost of their degree and living expenses before choosing which school to attend.

It’s not a factor to consider lightly. Before you make a final decision, you need to sit down and map out what each of your education options (including living arrangements) could cost you.

That calculation should include interest as well as costs like textbooks, meal plans, parking, sundries, and more. Most universities will map out estimates of school supplies, dorm fees, and other expenses students should anticipate while enrolled. If you’re planning on traveling for a semester abroad or pledging a fraternity or sorority, you’ll need to account for those expenses as well.

There are also ways you can plan to shorten your time at a costly university in order to keep your loan total lower. One less expensive option to consider is starting at a community college for your lower division coursework. If a community college isn’t the right fit full-time, you can always pick up elective credits at one during the summer for a fraction of the cost a typical private university would charge.

Know Your Student Loan Options

Fortunately, this step isn’t too difficult, as there are really only two overarching types of student loans: federal and private. All federal loans are backed by the federal government. Loans that are considered private are often backed by banks, credit unions, or other private lenders.

You can typically expect private student loans to have higher interest rates than federal loans. Federal student loans have fixed interest rates, meaning the interest rates don’t fluctuate post-graduation, whereas private loan interest rates can sometimes be variable, which means the interest rate can increase (or decrease) in accordance with the market if you choose a variable rate loan.

Federal loans require you to be enrolled in school at least half-time in order to be eligible and don’t require you to pay the loan until after you leave school. In fact, a post-graduation grace period of six months is usually provided to allow time for you to find work and get settled.

Private loans are an avenue that can be utilized if federal loan options have been exhausted. If you do find you don’t receive enough in federal loans in order to cover your tuition and other expenses during school, private loans could be a viable option.

Apply for Aid

Once you’ve decided on a school, your next step will likely be applying for financial aid and scholarships. Begin your financial aid and scholarship search by rounding up all the programs you might be eligible for, and keep track of each application deadline in a spreadsheet, your calendar, or both, so you don’t miss any.

You can also contact the financial aid department of the school you are enrolling in, since their office will likely know the best student loan resources available to you. They’ll most likely be happy to help you in any way that they can through the application processes.

The Department of Education has a great online resource to begin your financial aid search, starting with completing their Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®) form, which is required for federal student aid like grants, work-study programs, and federal student loans.

Understand Your Post-Grad Repayment Options

Right now, repaying your student loans is a ways off. But before you sign on to borrow student loans, it helps to know how you’ll pay them back after you graduate.

If you have federal loans, you’ll likely be put on the standard 10-year repayment plan after graduating. If you’d prefer a lower monthly payment, federal loans also offer income-based repayment plans that private student loans don’t. And don’t forget, federal loans also typically come with a six-month grace period.

If you’re in a good financial place after graduation (or after you’ve worked for a few years post-college), student loan refinancing could also be a smart way to repay your loans. Whether you have federal or private loans, refinancing can help consolidate your loans at a potentially lower interest rate.

This new interest rate will be based off of your financial picture when you apply. The lower your interest rate is, the less you’ll spend on your loans. SoFi can refinance both federal and private loans, as well as offer fixed and variable interest rates.

Student loans can get complicated—SoFi is here to help. From helping you finance your education to helping you get out of your college debt, we’ve got you covered.

Notice: SoFi refinance loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers such as Income Based Repayment or Income Contingent Repayment or PAYE. SoFi always recommends that you consult a qualified financial advisor to discuss what is best for your unique situation.
The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
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Direct Stafford Loan repayment can be one of the first harsh realities of modern adult life. But don’t worry, there are options that can help make your student loan repayment just a little less painful. First, let’s get some semantics straightened out: the name of your loans may not make much of a difference, but they can get confusing. In this case, the term “Direct Stafford Loans” and “Direct Loans” are used interchangeably.

Direct Stafford Loans were originally called the Federal Guaranteed Student Loan Program, but in 1988 they were renamed in honor of U.S. Senator Robert Stafford of Vermont, for his work on furthering the cause of higher education.

You have to repay your Direct Stafford Loan no matter what version of the loan you choose (more about this soon). Perhaps the most notable difference between the loan types is how you’ll be required to repay the interest (we’re going to show you).

So, When Do You Have to Pay Back Your Direct Stafford Loan?

The most direct answer is: after the grace period. We’ll explain: with each Direct Stafford Loan repayment plan, you are granted a little bit of time to sort out your life and get your act together. This stretch of rejuvenation, self-realization, and rebirth is perhaps euphemistically called a grace period.

The grace period for Direct Stafford Loan repayment begins the day you officially leave school. Also, if you change your student status to less than half-time enrollment, that earns you a grace period too.

Take note: educational institutions define “half-time enrollment” in different ways. The status is usually, but not always, based on the number of hours and credits in which you’re enrolled. Check with your school’s student aid office to make sure you are in sync with their official definition. Make sure everybody is on the same page before you assume that you are entitled to a grace period. The total timeframe of the Direct Stafford Loan repayment grace period: six months, and not a day more (with a handful of exceptions ).

Another thing to keep in mind about that grace period: you may want make the most of it by starting to pay back that loan in whatever way that you can. Even though grace periods are meant to give you time to reconfigure, the interest you’re being charged is still “capitalizing.” That means interest is still being added to the loan principal all during your grace period, and that’s not very graceful.

One quick thing to keep in mind while on the subject of grace periods: Make sure you know who your student loan servicer is in case you need to reach out to them. You don’t get to choose your own loan servicer. They’re assigned to you by the Department of Education to handle billing and other services. If you have questions regarding your loan, consider contacting your loan servicer.

What Are Direct Stafford Loans?

Direct Stafford Loans are divided into two types:

Subsidized Direct Stafford Loans

These loans are only available to undergraduate students and based on financial need. The government covers the interest payments during your time at school. During your six-month grace period or if you request a deferment, the government will also cover the interest accrued on the subsidized Direct Stafford Loan .

Calculating financial need can get tricky. Once your status is officially figured out, it’s called your “demonstrated financial need,” and it’s defined as the difference between total college costs and your family’s ability to pay. Ultimately, the final number is the amount of money your family needs for you to attend college.

Unsubsidized Direct Stafford Loans

These student loans are offered to undergraduate, graduate, and professional candidates, and are not based on financial need. So if you’re keeping score at home, this is in contrast to the subsidized Direct Stafford Loans, which are available to undergraduates only and based on financial need.

For Unsubsidized Direct Stafford Loans, the government does not cover your interest while you are in school, or if you request a deferment. During your six-month grace period, interest will continue to accrue, and you’ll be responsible for paying it once the grace period ends. As we mentioned earlier, you can also opt to pay the interest during this time, which will help reduce the debt of the loan later.

As with all Direct Stafford Loans, interest rates are fixed, which means that they stay at the same rate for the entire life of the loan. This could be a good thing, but it really depends on what the interest rate is at the time of signing the loan. Interest rates go up and down, so how “good” your rate is depends on how high or low the interest rate happens to be at the time you sign up for the loan.

Direct Stafford Loan Repayment Options

Here’s where you can get a handle on the whole Direct Stafford Loan repayment situation. The most important thing to remember is this: You. Have. Options. So don’t panic if your grace period is coming to an end.

One of your options is to refinance your student loans, which may be appealing if you’re in a financially stable place. Keep in mind that you can’t directly refinance government loans. However, you can refinance your Direct Stafford Loan by taking out a new loan with a private loan company at a hopefully lower interest rate. Doing this may give you some flexible repayment options.

Before you do, know the difference between refinancing and consolidating your loans. You can distinguish them as (broadly) two different strategies: completely starting over (refinancing) as opposed to merely reconfiguring (consolidation).

Refinancing lets you pay off the loans you already have with a brand-new loan from a private lender. This can be done with both federal and private loans. When you refinance, your existing loans get paid off completely, and you put those original creditors behind you forever. The new loan from a private company may allow you to breathe easier with better interest rates and repayment terms. You can also pick the private lender with the terms that best suit your needs. Don’t be afraid to comparison shop—and don’t forget that SoFi has no prepayment penalties or origination fees!

Consolidating student loans is simply gathering up all of the loans you currently have and piling them into one loan. You can typically only consolidate federal loans, and you do so with a Direct Consolidation Loan. With a Direct Consolidation Loan, your new interest rate is the weighted average of all your interest rates combined (rounded to the nearest eighth of 1%).
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Thinking of skipping a few student loan payments? Not a good idea. Your credit score may take a hit, and this could disqualify you from an opportunity to get a credit card, a car, or a mortgage. The days that pass before your loan goes into default: 270 . That may sound like a long time, but it can go by in a flash.

If you’re thinking about refinancing your Direct Stafford Loans with a private loan, you can shop around for the best rates and repayment terms, and choose the loan company that makes the most sense to you. Refinancing can be done with both federal and private loans.

Benefits of refinancing your Direct Stafford Loans could include lower monthly payments or lowering your interest rate. Your interest rate and refinancing terms will vary, based on your financial situation and credit history. If refinancing results in a lower monthly payment, you might have greater flexibility in your monthly budget, such as more savings or redirecting the additional cash to other debts.

Notice: SoFi refinance loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers such as Income Based Repayment or Income Contingent Repayment or PAYE. SoFi always recommends that you consult a qualified financial advisor to discuss what is best for your unique situation.
The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the
FTC’s website on credit.
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These days, planning for parenthood can seem even more daunting thanks to student loan debt. Older millennials ages 25 to 34 owe an average debt of $42,000, including credit card and student loan debt, according to Northwestern Mutual’s 2018 Planning & Progress Study.

So when looking to start a family, it’s important to understand how to prioritize your debts and all of the new budget needs you’ll encounter. Raising a baby while making student loan payments is certainly possible, but it just means taking those nine months (or more, if you are thinking ahead) to sort out your finances first.

Student loans and pregnancy go almost hand-in-hand these days, since American women carry two-thirds of all student debt , according to the American Association of University Women. The last thing anyone wants to be thinking about when pregnant, or holding a new baby, is missing a student loan payment, so it helps to plan ahead to start getting your debt under control. Paying off student loans while saving for children is definitely doable.

Whether you are considering refinancing your student loans, lowering your monthly payments by switching to an income-based repayment plan, or are just looking to save more money before the arrival of your new baby, there are plenty of ways to stay on top of your student loan payments while saving for new kid costs.

Preparing Financially for Your First Child

For most families, housing-related costs such as rent, insurance, or a mortgage are their largest expenses. So, if bringing a new baby into your home means saving up for a big move, or even just expanding into a two-bedroom apartment, evaluating if you need more space for your growing family can certainly put a strain on the budget. Childcare itself is the second-largest expense after housing for most families.

Plus, perhaps you even want to start saving now for your child’s future education, so that hopefully they are less burdened by student debt. All of these expenses, in addition to the general costs of raising a child, can really add up and make it feel like paying your monthly student loan payment is not a priority.

However, there are a number of solutions to explore to see if you can reduce your monthly student loan payments and put those savings toward a new baby.

Exploring Income-Based Repayment

If one person in your partnership is becoming a stay-at-home parent, or even taking an extended parental leave from work, consider applying, or reapplying, for an income-based repayment plan, even if you’re already on one for your student loans.

Since your loan payments were originally calculated based on your income while employed, if you inform your loan servicer about your change in circumstance, you might be granted a different, lower payment plan.

These plans can make your monthly payment more affordable, based on your income and family size. Most federal student loans are eligible for at least one income-driven plan .

Income-Based Repayment

Payments are generally 10% or 15% of your discretionary income , depending on when you first received your student loans. Any outstanding balance is forgiven after 20 or 25 years, but you may have to pay income tax on that amount . You generally must have a high debt relative to your income to qualify for this repayment plan.

Income-Contingent

Payments will be either 20% of your discretionary income, or the amount you would pay on a fixed 12-year repayment plan adjusted to your income, whichever is less. Most borrowers can qualify for this plan, including parents, who can access this option by consolidating their Parent PLUS loans into a Direct Consolidation
Loan . Outstanding balances are forgiven after 25 years.

Revised Pay As You Earn (REPAYE)

Payments are 10% of discretionary income , and outstanding balances will be forgiven after 20 years for undergraduate loans.

Pay As You Earn (PAYE)

For this repayment plan, you are required to make payments of 10% of your discretionary income. To qualify, each of those payments must be less than what you’d pay if you went with the 10-year Standard Repayment Plan. The repayment period for PAYE is capped at 20 years. You must be a new borrower on or after Oct. 1, 2007 to qualify .

The important thing to remember about all of these plans is that you must reapply every year, even if your circumstances don’t change. Once you switch over to an income-based repayment plan, you can start saving the difference in amount from your earlier payments. This extra savings could go toward expenses for your new baby.

Student Loan Consolidation and Forbearance

Another option to consider when having a baby while paying off student loan debt is consolidation. Student loan consolidation can lower your monthly payment; however, it does so by lengthening your repayment period, meaning you will end up paying more overall due to the additional interest payments.

A Direct Consolidation Loan can be a smart way to stay on top of student loan payments, and also set yourself up to qualify for eventual loan forgiveness and/or income-based repayment plans.

If you find yourself in a situation where you are truly unable to make your student loan payments due to the costs of a new baby, you can also consider student loan forbearance.

Forbearance temporarily allows you to stop making your federal student loan payments, or at least temporarily reduce the amount you have to pay. In order to request a general forbearance and get approved, you must meet certain requirements .

This usually means you are unable to make monthly loan payments because of financial difficulties, medical expenses (which might include high hospital bills from pregnancy), or change in employment (especially key if one parent is going to stay at home with the baby).

Ways To Save Money

If you are already on an income-based repayment plan and have considered other options to reduce your student loan debt, and are finding it is still not enough to comfortably save for a new baby, consider some other savings tricks to help you manage your money better.

In order to make sure some money ends up in your savings account every month, you can set up a portion of your paycheck to deposit directly into your savings account, instead of just a checking account.

Most banks also have the option to set up recurring transfers yourself between your own accounts. This way, your desired amount will get transferred into savings without you having to think about it.

Keep in mind there are also tax benefits to having a baby , which can earn you some extra cash back to help you reduce your overall amount of student debt.

Refinancing Your Student Loans During Pregnancy

Refinancing your student loans is another way to make your loans more manageable. Refinancing student loans through a private lender such as SoFi can give future parents the opportunity to consolidate multiple student loans into one loan with a single monthly payment.

Refinancing can provide great value as you can choose your repayment terms and potentially end up with a lower payment to free up money. (Just remember that doing this means extending your loan term, which would up the total interest you’ll pay over the life of the loan.)

Take a look at our student loan refinance calculator to see how your loan could change when you refinance. Those savings can then be put toward staying financially secure while having a baby.

The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Notice: SoFi refinance loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers such as Income Based Repayment or Income Contingent Repayment or PAYE. SoFi always recommends that you consult a qualified financial advisor to discuss what is best for your unique situation.
This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice about bankruptcy.
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