women working in office

Why Student Debt May Be Worse For Women

According to the American Association of University Women , using data from the Department of Education, women currently hold almost two-thirds of the country’s student loan debt, nearly $929 billion of the total outstanding amounts of nearly $1.5 trillion.

That’s a shocking disparity—and, when looking specifically at people who complete bachelor’s degrees, it’s black women, the Chronicle of Higher Education reports, who hold the greatest amount of debt of “any racial, ethnic, and gender group.”

To add to the challenging situation, women who hold more than one degree tend to earn as much as men who hold one educational degree less than they do.

Because of this gender-based gap in salaries, women may have less disposable income, which means they typically need more time to pay back their student loans—which in turn means they’re often paying significantly more in interest because of their longer loan terms.

This situation raises numerous questions, including how women can get themselves out of education-based debt more quickly. This post will take a deep dive on those subjects and offer some tips that could help anyone facing student loan debt.

Average Student Loan Debt: Crisis in America

Before we delve into gender-specific information, the reality is that the average amount of student loan debt is troublesome for more than just women. Average student loan debt hovers around $28,500, and the amount of debt continues to grow.

Student loan debt in the United States, in total, is greater than all of the credit card debt in our country. It’s greater than the sum total of our car loans. In fact, it’s the second highest form of debt in the United States today, only behind home mortgages.

And, not everyone can keep up with their student loans payments, so it’s not surprising that many people are delinquent on them, or even in default. Lenders can define “default” in somewhat different ways; borrowers in the Federal Direct Loan program or the Federal Family Education Loan program, for example, are considered in default after missing nine month’s worth of payments.

Multiple consequences can exist for people with loans in default, including suffering from substandard credit, having tax refunds garnished and more. Your lender can sue you and, in some cases, you would also be responsible for court fees.

Delinquency can also have a negative impact on your credit, which can make it difficult to get a mortgage, a car loan, a credit card and the like. It may even be challenging to get utilities in your name or to buy homeowners’ insurance.

Student Loan Disparity: Why Are Women in Debt?

As AAUW.org (the website for the American Association of University Women) reports, 57% of today’s college students are female, which would by itself mean that more women have the potential to need more in student loans. But their report, titled Deeper in Debt: Women and Student Loans, goes much further in their explanations about why women owe more.

The cost to attend college, according to AAUW, has increased by 148% since 1976, while the median household income since then has only gone up by 21%.

This explains why increasing numbers of students take out loans to fund their education, although these particular statistics apply to men and women alike.

More specific to women, in 2017, T. Rowe Price shared study results indicating how parents who have only sons “are going to greater lengths to support their kids’ college education than parents of all girls.”

Parents of all boys were found to be more willing to save more, pay more, and borrow more funds to pay for their children’s education, suggesting that “antiquated expectations based on gender” may still be in existence more than we might realize.

Here are statistics from that report:

•  When it comes to money saved for their children’s education:

◦  50% of parents of all boys have saved some money

◦  39% of parents of all girls have saved some money

•  When it comes to contributing towards college:

◦  83% of parents of all boys give money at least monthly

◦  70% of parents of all girls give money at this regularity

•  17% of parents of all boys say they plan to cover all college expenses for their children, while only 7% of parents of all the girls say that.

•  When presented with this statement: “I would consider sending my kids to a less expensive college to avoid taking on student loans”:

◦  60% of parents of all boys agree

◦  72% of parents of all girls agree

•  When asked if they’d personally take on $75,000 or more in student loans to help children with college expenses:

◦  23% of parents of all boys would

◦  12% of parents of all girls would

This indicates that boys receive more familial help with college funding than girls. And, when women get jobs to help with college expenses, pay disparity can play a role in their overall ability to contribute.

Then, when it’s time for repayment, this gender pay disparity means that women often have less disposable income. Whether women have children or not, or take time off from work to be with them or not, a tighter financial situation can cause them to choose longer terms for their student loan repayments, which means they could be paying down their balances more slowly and pay more in interest, overall—neither of which is desirable for financial wellness, much less for growth of wealth.

Ideas for Solving the Problem of Higher Education Loan Debt for Women

AAUW shared a five-prong solution they believe will help facilitate college funding for women, which includes:

•  Congress should expand Pell Grant availability for students with low incomes to reduce how much they’ll need to take on debt to finance a degree.

•  Legislators, both state and federal, should boost funding for public colleges/universities and otherwise support ways to provide debt-free options for students.

•  Lawmakers, including the Department of Education, should make income-driven repayment options easier to obtain.

•  Institutions should provide services, including child care, and otherwise address academic and financial needs of female students.

•  Individuals should join organizations that support closing the gender pay gap.

There’s another way to pay down student loans more quickly: consolidating them and refinancing them into one low-interest loan. Not all lenders will consolidate private and federal loans together, but SoFi does. Here’s more!

Refinancing Your Student Loans

Refinancing your student loans into one at a lower interest rate can mean you could pay less, over the life of the loan. How much you pay overall depends largely on the length of your term. So, for example, if it would help with cash flow to have lower monthly payments, choosing a longer term can help—but that could mean you pay more in interest. If you’d like to pay off your debt sooner and pay back less, overall, you can select a shorter term.

And, since SoFi doesn’t have a prepayment penalty, if you choose a longer term and end up with extra cash through a raise or a bonus, for example, you can put that windfall toward your refinanced loan payment and help pay down your loan faster.

To find out how you could benefit from refinancing, you simply need to know your outstanding balances, plus the interest rates you’re being charged.
At SoFi, you’ll also have access to live customer support. There are no application fees. No origination fees. No prepayment penalties.

Whenever you’re ready to refinance your student loans, we’re here to help. It’s fast and convenient.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOSL18218

Read more
woman with laptop and bike

Pros and Cons of Studying Abroad

A semester abroad. The phrase conjures images of books discussed over a Parisian breakfast or Argentine Alfajores. As romantic as that sounds, before you pack your bags you’ll want to do some research in order to weigh the pros and cons of studying abroad.

There are many advantages of studying overseas. You may pick up a new language or become fluent in one you already know. You’ll be exposed to a different culture, and immersed in new-to-you art, music, literature, and food. Broaden your horizons now and who knows where you’ll end up in ten years.

But most of all—more than any cooking technique or phrase—you’ll learn how to take care of yourself. Even if you speak the language, your safety net abroad is much more limited than if you’re in school in the U.S. You’re likely navigating an entirely new social system. That kind of chutzpah may come in handy later on in life.

One factor to think about when considering the pros and cons of studying abroad is how connected the program is to your university. If none of your study abroad classes will qualify for credit, it might not make sense financially.

Why not graduate a semester early and create your own study abroad program somewhere? You could create a travel itinerary all on your own, which may cost less than going on the abroad program through your school.

However, if you’ve already weighed the pros and cons of studying abroad, here are some tips regarding countries to consider, based on the languages you speak—or want to learn.

Spanish

If you speak or want to improve your Spanish, Latin America or South America are great options. Many students look at Mexico, Argentina, and Uruguay. One thing to consider is which dialect of Spanish you want to speak.

If you’re planning on using your Spanish extensively, and want to live in the Americas, Mexico is a great option as over 100 million people live there. Additionally, a lot of Spanish language entertainment comes from Mexico, so the Mexican dialect is widely known.

On the other hand, Argentina and Uruguay can be a great place to study abroad, but they speak a different dialect of Spanish, Castellano. If you’re considering living in South America long term, it could be worth it to study in Argentina or Uruguay instead.

If you’re more interested in Europe, Spain boasts a great university network that hosts many Americans. Again, the dialect there is different from Latin American and some parts of Spain speak Castilian Spanish, so if you’re planning on living in the Americas, it might make more sense to study in Latin America.

French

For those studying French, France is the obvious choice. But if Europe is less your speed, consider African countries like the Senegal or Morocco. Both countries have great French language university systems and are study abroad destinations, so there will likely be other international students there.

Chinese

For Chinese speakers, China is also the obvious choice. If your school doesn’t have a program there, many American universities are opening up satellite campuses, so that could be a good way to get to Shanghai or Beijing.

Hong Kong is also a good option, although they speak Cantonese there, rather than Mandarin, which tends to be the Chinese dialect that most Americans study. In Singapore, however, they speak both Mandarin and English.

English Language-Based Study Abroad Programs

If you don’t speak any foreign languages, don’t despair. Many universities offer study abroad programs that are not language-based or don’t require knowledge of a language before you apply.

Some good destinations for only-English language speakers are Germany, Israel, and Hong Kong. There are also obviously programs in English-speaking countries like England, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia.

Studying Abroad Pros and Cons

Studying abroad is ultimately a big decision—and every big decision calls for a good ol’ pro-con list (preferably on a yellow legal pad). So let’s talk through a high-level look at some of the pros and cons of studying abroad.

Some Pros of Studying Abroad

Starting off with the pros—what are the benefits of studying abroad?

Perhaps it’s cliché to point out that studying abroad will expand your horizons—but it really might. Immersing yourself in a completely new culture can be a life-changing experience, whether it proves that you’re actually a Francophile, or whether it ends up revealing that you’re a homebody at heart.

This is also a great opportunity to make new friends from around the world that you may have never had the chance to meet. Meeting new people in new places, while experiencing new things sounds like a great adventure!

On a more practical note, grad school admissions may look fondly upon those who have studied abroad. This might be an opportunity to gain valuable workplace skills and real-world experience stores, which may help during an interview process!

Beyond that, it might enable you to look at your coursework in a whole new light. Also, studying abroad could be one of the only times in your life that you get to spend an extended amount of time in another country, which is a compelling pro.

Some Cons of Studying Abroad

And for the rebuttal—what are the negatives of studying abroad?

Studying abroad has the glamour that staying on campus, to put it simply, doesn’t. A certain amount of FOMO over your friends study abroad adventures might be inevitable if you stay behind. However, what those friends might not be telling you is that studying abroad isn’t without its challenges.

Being in a new place—especially where you don’t speak the language—can feel isolating. It can also make it challenging to keep up with relationships back at school or with coursework necessary for graduation. Many degree programs require students to fulfill a certain number of credit hours, and studying abroad may make it more difficult to get everything done in the allotted time frame.

Of course, it might go without saying that the finances of studying abroad can also be a con. It could be costly to study abroad with certain programs. And it’s not just tuition dollars—cost-of-living could be higher in your chosen study abroad home than it is back at school. For example, off-campus housing in Pennsylvania could be significantly less expensive than off-campus housing in Paris.

Financing Your Study Abroad Experience

You may be able to receive federal aid for your study abroad program. There is eligibility criteria , of course, and you’ll need to fill out your annual FAFSA® form as per usual, but the government recommends filling it out as soon as possible, since you’ll need to make sure it applies for both your American school and your program abroad.

There are also a number of study abroad scholarships and grants available to American students. For more information, you can check out this list as a starting point of your research.

After exhausting all of those options, you may also consider taking out a loan with a private lender. Private student loans from SoFi offer flexible repayment options and absolutely no fees. Get a low-rate in-school loan that works for you, so you can focus on your studies—both at home and abroad.

Looking for student loans before studying abroad? Consider a private student loan with SoFi.


SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.


SoFi Private Student Loans
Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs. SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SOSL18230

Read more
books and credit cards

What Is the Difference Between Good and Bad Debt?

The word “debt” is commonly defined as something—usually money—owed by one party to another. In the U.S., consumer debt is typically made up of mortgages , auto loans, credit cards, and student loans.

The overall balance of consumer debt in America has been on the rise since 2012, according to the New York Federal Reserve . But that’s not necessarily a terrible thing, because not all debt is bad. So what is the difference between good debt and bad debt? And how do you avoid the latter? Here are some tips to navigating the world of debt.

1. Debt can help build your credit score.

A credit score is a number determined by a consumer’s credit history . How many credit cards you have, how many loans you have, and the total amount of money you owe help determine your score, as does whether or not you pay your bills on time. Credit scores range from 300 to 850, and the scores are compiled
by credit bureaus such as Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion.

Companies and lenders use your score to calculate risk and what interest they will charge you on a debt. If your score is higher, you will likely be offered a lower interest rate. If your credit score is low, you will probably be presented with a higher interest rate.

To build your credit score, you must establish a positive credit history, and one way consumers can do that is by borrowing responsibly—i.e., having good debt.

2. Good debt pays for things you need, and/or things that might increase your net worth or future value.

Going into debt to pay for your education or a home are considered examples of good debt. That’s because attaining a college degree or buying a house are ways to invest in yourself. A college degree might lead to a better paying job, so it has future value. And purchasing a home not only gives you something you need—a place to live—it’s also an investment that is likely to increase in worth over time. In the past year (as of April 2019), U.S. home values have gone up 7.6% in value according to Zillow. And historically, American home values appreciate over time, barring an economic downturn or crisis.

3. Bad debt pays for things you don’t need, or things you can’t afford.

Using a credit card to purchase unnecessary or extravagant items can build up bad debt. Using a credit card to buy the latest tech gadget or to book a tropical vacation may satisfy you in the moment, but they are probably not things you need and they do not add to your net worth. If you must make such a purchase, it might be wiser to save money up over time and buy them outright, rather than pay with a credit card and risk struggling to pay the bill down.

4. Using a credit card can help establish good credit, but not if you can’t afford to pay your bill and in a timely matter.

An unpaid credit card balance at the end of the month can be considered bad debt, because chances are you’re paying significant interest on that balance. In early 2019, the average credit card interest rate (or annual percentage rate, APR) was above 17 percent .

That rate can lead to a decent amount of extra money being owed. And if you let a chunk of the balance roll over month after month, you’re paying interest on top of interest. It’s easy to imagine how your bill total can climb, making it more and more challenging to eliminate the debt.

Payday loans are another example of bad debt, as the interest rate for these short-term cash advances can be incredibly high. Each state sets its own regulations for these loans. For example, in California , a consumer borrowing the maximum amount of $300 could be charged a fee of up to 15% for the loan, immediately turning their $300 to $255.

5. If you have bad debt or debt that feels unmanageable, don’t ignore it. Lessen (or reorganize) it as best you can.

Different debt challenges call for different measures.

If you find your student loans too big to pay, for example, you could consider refinancing them. In order to lower monthly payments, you might redetermine the terms of your loan so that you can pay them off over a longer period of time. Refinancing also gives you the opportunity to lower your interest rate and therefore the total paid over the life of the loan.

If credit card debt has built up to great heights—and that can happen quickly, if you’ve missed a few payments—it’s time to prioritize in a way that fits you. That might mean the “snowball method”—paying your lowest-balance debt off first, then moving onto the next lowest, thus building momentum. Conversely, you could use the “avalanche method,” paying your highest interest debt off first, then moving onto the next lowest, thus paying your debt off based on the interest rate.

At SoFi, we used our experience serving people like you to develop a proprietary debt paydown strategy called “debt fireball.” It combines the best of the two methods described above. You would separate your debt into two categories—good debt and bad debt. Then you would attack your bad debt starting with the one with the lowest balance. Then you would continue to the next lowest balance and build momentum to quickly blaze through your bad debt.

For some, consolidating credit card debt into a personal loan is a good way to go—especially if you’re feeling overwhelmed by the number of credit card bills you are keeping track of. Consolidating all of your credit card debt into one loan means you make one payment to one lender.

The additional good news is that a personal loan is likely to come with a lower interest rate than your credit card debt. Though credit card payments you are behind on can hurt your credit score, consolidating them into a personal loan that you manage and pay monthly can help build your score back up.

If you think a personal loan is a good option for you, check out personal loans with SoFi. SoFi offers personal loans with low rates and no fees. With a low-interest rate and a fixed monthly payment, an unsecured personal loan to consolidate credit cards or other high-interest debt could help you start tackling your debt.

Get started today.


External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .

Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

SoFi Loan Products
SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.

SOAD19006

Read more
woman and child with umbrellas

Life Insurance 101: 6 Pointers to Get You Started

A fundamental question people ask when it comes to life insurance is, “Why buy life insurance?” Well, here’s an interesting fact—one in three families have admitted that if something happened to their family breadwinner, they would face a financial crisis within a month.* Getting prepared can be easier than you might think.

These six pointers below can help you understand:

•  What life insurance is

•  What life insurance can provide

•  Potential benefits of term life insurance

•  How life insurance works

•  When life insurance may be necessary

•  What types of life insurance might work best.

1. Life Insurance Is Financial Support for the People You Care About

Just as car insurance pays you in the event of an accident, injury, or damage to your car, life insurance provides financial support for the people you care about in the event of your death. Partners, children, and even elderly parents who depend on you financially will likely need some kind of safety net. Life insurance can provide you with the peace of mind that they have that financial support should you pass away.

Here’s something else to consider: Debt doesn’t disappear after death. If you own any type of debt (for example, student loans or a mortgage), that debt obligation may transfer over to your estate in the event of your death, which may impact your beneficiaries financially. Life insurance can be a helpful financial safety net for them.

2. Life Insurance Can Offer Financial Security

Typically, a life insurance contract (also referred to as a “policy”) will have the people you care about designated as “beneficiaries”—those you choose will receive a payout in the event of your death. This payout is generally a lump sum of money, which is usually paid in full, and tax free .

Payouts can be used by beneficiaries in a number of ways. The money can keep family members in their communities by going towards living costs like rent or mortgage payments.

Payouts can also help cover child care or domestic help, college costs, and other major expenses. In some cases, payouts are used for estate taxes that families must pay in order to inherit assets, or to settle unpaid medical bills, taxes, or debt.

The cost of the policy to you (the “premium”) is usually a much, much smaller amount than the payout. (You can enter your basic information here to get a rough estimate of how much you would pay in premiums versus your coverage amount (the payout your beneficiaries would receive).

3. Term Life Insurance Can Be Simpler and More Affordable

There are two main categories of life insurance—term life and permanent life. Term life provides coverage for a set period of time (referred to as the “term” or “policy duration”), whereas permanent life insurance covers you for your whole life.

The most well-known types of permanent life insurance are whole life and universal life policies. These types of policies often have an investment component , are more complex, and are usually more expensive than term life policies.

Term life insurance policies only provide life insurance coverage for a set period of time that you choose when you apply for the policy (typically 10-30 years ). Since they have no investment component, they are typically much simpler to understand, and are usually far more affordable. The fixed lower monthly payments and straightforward structure make it the most affordable life insurance option.

4. The Amount of Life Insurance You Need Depends On You

You should always consider your unique financial situation when deciding on life insurance needs.

Talk to your significant other (if you have one) about it, too. Each of you should have a clear idea of who would need what. Remember, budgeting appropriately for the financial support required by a surviving spouse or partner is important.

5. Buying Life Insurance—Sooner Than Later—Can Save Money

Here’s the good news—being young and healthy generally puts you at lower risk, which usually means lower monthly payments. This is because, broadly, life insurance is priced according to your overall health and how old you are when you buy it, so, if you are in good health and the younger you are, the less it should cost, generally.

With some term life insurance, you are also “locking in” your price when it is purchased. Term life insurance from Ladder for example, guarantees that monthly payments remain constant and never increase throughout the term of your policy—which can be a smart move for the long haul.

No matter what your status in life may be, you may decide you’d like a life insurance policy that can also be flexible, if that is something that is important to you. People often ask, “Can I change my life insurance?” The answer is yes, if you have the option with your insurance provider.

At Ladder, it’s easy to change your coverage when your life circumstances change. For example, some people apply to increase their coverage after having children, while others decrease theirs when they pay off a part of their debt (like a mortgage) or have children who have become financially independent and no longer need as much coverage.

Taking control of your policy can be very valuable. That’s why Ladder lets customers easily adjust their coverage down when they need less, or apply for more, when life changes. It’s a smart, convenient feature that can work for you, too.

6. Employer-Based Life Insurance May Not Be Enough

Many people are surprised to learn that life insurance offered through employers may only provide a small fixed amount, or just one-to-two times the employee’s salary. That’s usually not enough to provide sustained financial support for loved ones.

Depending on your situation, it might be a good idea to take out a second policy to ensure full family protection. Also, be sure to check for portability of any life insurance offered through the workplace. Portability gives you the option to continue your coverage after leaving the job.

Ready to Consider Your Life Insurance Options?

Now that you’ve got the basics, let’s examine your life insurance options. In three simple steps, you can apply for the life insurance you need without a hassle.

1. Understanding How Much Coverage Is Necessary

Use this free calculator to estimate how much coverage you might need by answering a few questions. In seconds, you’ll see how cost-effective life insurance can be. (Just click “Calculate My Needs”.)

2. Getting Started

Once you’ve finished using the free calculator, you’ll be prompted to get your free, no-obligation estimate from Ladder, see if you qualify for an offer, and instantly find out how much you can expect to pay each month for life insurance coverage, if qualified. No emails or phone calls required.

3. Getting Covered

With Ladder, you can apply for coverage in less than five minutes and get an instant decision. If you accept an offer, your coverage can begin immediately. You can cancel at any time—no obligations and no questions asked.

You can also adjust your coverage at any point—apply to increase or decrease at the touch of a button. When life changes, your policy can change with it.

Life insurance is an important part of any financial plan. If you’re considering making term life insurance part of your family’s financial security, you can get it done online with Ladder.


*“2018 Insurance Barometer Study, Life Happens and LIMRA”
https://lifehappens.org/blog/2018-barometer-study/ or
https://www.limra.com/research/abstracts_public/2018/2018_insurance_barometer.aspx
This content is brought to you by our friends at Ladder Insurance Services. That means all opinions expressed in this content are those of the author and not necessarily held by SoFi—and are for purely educational purposes only. Nothing herein is intended to provide financial or legal advice.

All trademarks are the property of their respective owners, and any pages linked to and from this one are subject to change without advance notification. While we obviously think very highly of Ladder, SoFi does not provide, endorse, or guarantee any third-party product, service, information or recommendations. Ladder is solely responsible for their content, products, and services.

* Coverage amounts range from $100k to $8 million. Instant coverage is available to applicants who meet certain risk and eligibility requirements. A medical test may be required for applicants that do not meet these eligibility criteria.

Coverage and pricing is subject to eligibility and underwriting criteria.
Ladder Insurance Services, LLC (CA license # OK22568; AR license # 3000140372) distributes term life insurance products issued by multiple insurers- for further details see ladderlife.com. All insurance products are governed by the terms set forth in the applicable insurance policy. Each insurer has financial responsibility for its own products.
Ladder, SoFi and SoFi Agency are separate, independent entities and are not responsible for the financial condition, business, or legal obligations of the other, Social Finance, LLC (SoFi) and Social Finance Life Insurance Agency, LLC (SoFi Agency) do not issue, underwrite insurance or pay claims under Ladder Life™ policies. SoFi is compensated by Ladder for each issued term life policy.
SoFi Agency and its affiliates do not guarantee the services of any insurance company.
All services from Ladder Insurance Services, LLC are their own. Once you reach Ladder, SoFi is not involved and has no control over the products or services involved. The Ladder service is limited to documents and does not provide legal advice. Individual circumstances are unique and using documents provided is not a substitute for obtaining legal advice.


SOLI18102

Read more
colorful charts

A Guide To Student Loan Amortization

Ever have a friend complain about how the payments they’re making towards their loans aren’t actually going to pay off…well, the freakin’ loans? Your friend is onto something.

At the beginning stages of a loan, a big proportion of the loan payments that a borrower makes are applied towards the loan’s interest as opposed to the principal balance. Especially if the loan is spread out over a long time-frame such as many years, most early payments are applied almost totally to interest.

Due to a method of calculation called amortization, loan payments are split between interest and principal, heavy on the interest in the beginning stages. Towards the end, the effect usually reverses. When an amortization calculation is displayed visually, it is called an amortization schedule and graph.

We’re going to get into some of the nitty-gritty amortization info, but before we go there, we just want to be straight with you: This is an incredibly complex topic. We’re going to try to break it down the best we can, but please understand that this info is general in nature and does not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs; it should not be considered advice. SoFi always recommends that you speak to a professional about your unique situation. Okay, and we’re back in.

Amortization is calculated on all installment loans, which are loans that have regular, predetermined monthly payments, such as mortgages and student loans. Below, we will discuss how amortization is calculated, take a closer look at student loan amortization and a student loan amortization schedule, and explore some ideas for borrowers who want to lessen the amount they’ll pay in interest over time.

Understanding Amortization

Before we dive into a student loan amortization calculation and schedule, it is helpful to first understand the basics of calculating the cost of a loan. You’ll need to know these three variables:

1. The value of the loan, also known as the principal
2. The interest rate on the loan (and whether it is fixed or variable)
3. The duration, or length, of the loan (usually given in months or years)

With this information, it is possible to determine both the monthly payment on the loan and the total interest paid during the life of the loan, assuming all payments are made. Although the math itself is difficult, it is easy to plug the information into an online student loan interest calculator.

The next step is to determine how much of each monthly payment is going towards both interest and principal. This is where the amortization calculation and the amortization schedule come in. As mentioned, amortization happens only on “installment” loans, and all student loans are installment loans.

There are two types of loans: installment loans and revolving credit. A mortgage, student loan, or car loan are all examples of installment loans. With an installment loan, the borrower is loaned an amount of money (called the principal) to be paid back over a designated amount of time, with interest.

Revolving credit, on the other hand, is not a loan disbursed in one lump sum, but is a certain amount of credit to be used as the borrower pleases, up to a designated limit. A credit card and a line of credit are forms of revolving credit.

A borrower’s monthly payment on revolving credit is determined by how much of the available credit they are using at any given time; therefore, minimum payments change from month to month.

Student Loan Amortization Examples

Because student loans are a form of installment loan—a specific amount of money is disbursed to the borrower—student loans are amortized. Parts of each payment are spent on both the loan’s principal and its interest.

At the front-end of the loan, a much larger proportion will be allocated to interest. Due to the way compounding returns work, the effect is more dramatic the longer the length of the loan.

Take, for example, a $30,000 loan at 7% fixed interest rate amortized over a 10-year repayment period. The borrower’s monthly payment is $348.33 total (rounded down to $348 for simplicity in the grid below). Each year, the hypothetical borrower will pay $4,180 total towards their loan.

This never changes, although the proportion that is paid both towards principal and interest will. Here’s how that hypothetical borrower’s hypothetical loan amortization might look. (All examples calculated using this student loan interest calculator, by Bankrate .)

Amortization Schedule Student Loan $30,000, 7% interest over 10 years starting January 2019

Date

Interest Paid

Principal Paid

Balance
Jan, 2019 $175 $173 $29,827
Feb, 2019 $174 $174 $29,652
Mar, 2019 $173 $175 $29,477
Apr, 2019 $172 $176 $29,301
May, 2019 $171 $177 $29,123
Jun, 2019 $170 $178 $28,945
Jul, 2019 $169 $179 $28,765
Aug, 2019 $168 $181 $28,585
Sep, 2019 $167 $182 $28,403
Oct, 2019 $166 $183 $28,221
Nov, 2019 $165 $184 $28,037
Dec, 2019 $164 $185 $27,852
2019 $2,032 $2,148 $27,852
           
2020 $1,877 $2,303 $25,852
           
2021 $1,710 $2,470 $23,079
           
2022 $1,532 $2,648 $20,431
           
2023 $1,340 $2,840 $17,591
           
2024 $1,135 $3,045 $14,546
           
2025 $915 $3,265 $11,281
           
2026 $679 $3,501 $7,780
           
2027 $426 $3,754 $4,026
           
Jan, 2028 $23 $325 $3,701
Feb, 2028 $22 $327 $3,374
Mar, 2028 $20 $329 $3,045
Apr, 2028 $18 $331 $2,715
May, 2028 $16 $332 $2,382
Jun, 2028 $14 $334 $2,048
Jul, 2028 $12 $336 $1,712
Aug, 2028 $10 $338 $1,373
Sep, 2028 $8 $340 $1,033
Oct, 2028 $6 $342 $691
Nov, 2028 $4 $344 $346
Dec, 2028 $2 $346 $0
2028 $154 $4,026 $0

So, during the first year, the example borrower’s monthly payments are made up of about half interest and half principal. At the end of that first year, the borrower has paid $4,180 total towards their student loan. $2,032 of that went to interest, while $2,148 went to paying down the principal.

At the end of the first year, the loan is not reduced by the total amount the borrower had paid, but only the amount paid towards the principal—the $2,148. The $30,000 loan is therefore valued at $27,852 at the end of the year.

That’s the whole thing with amortization—because only a small proportion of payments is applied to the loan’s principal at the early stages, the interest rate charges continue to be calculated off a relatively high loan balance figure. Eventually, this swings in the other direction as the loan’s principal is reduced.

With each passing month and year paying down debt, more of each payment is allocated towards the principal. By the ninth and final year, the borrower pays only $154 to interest and $4,026 to principal.

Let’s look at another example of a hypothetical student loan amortization schedule, but along a longer timeline, such as twenty years. It should be noted that a twenty-year payback period isn’t “standard” for federal student loans, but the important takeaway here is the impact of time on amortization calculations.

Here’s a table with the results of a hypothetical $60,000 student loan at a 7% fixed rate, paid back over 20 years.

Amortization Schedule Student Loan $60,000, 7% interest over 20 years:

Date

Interest

Principal

Balance
Jan, 2019 $350 $115 $59,885
Feb, 2019 $349 $116 $59,769
Mar, 2019 $349 $117 $59,652
Apr, 2019 $348 $117 $59,535
May, 2019 $347 $118 $59,417
Jun, 2019 $347 $119 $59,299
Jul, 2019 $346 $119 $59,179
Aug, 2019 $345 $120 $59,060
Sep, 2019 $345 $121 $58,939
Oct, 2019 $344 $121 $58,817
Nov, 2019 $343 $122 $58,695
Dec, 2019 $342 $123 $58,573
2019 $4,155 $1,427 $58,573
           
           
           
Jan, 2038 $31 $434 $4,942
Feb, 2038 $29 $436 $4,506
Mar, 2038 $26 $439 $4,067
Apr, 2038 $24 $441 $3,626
May, 2038 $21 $444 $3,182
Jun, 2038 $19 $447 $2,735
Jul, 2038 $16 $449 $2,286
Aug, 2038 $13 $452 $1,834
Sep, 2038 $11 $454 $1,379
Oct, 2038 $8 $457 $922
Nov, 2038 $5 $460 $462
Dec, 2038 $3 $462 $0
2038 $206 $5,376 $0

In this example, each monthly payment for the 20-year duration is $465.18 (again, rounded down to $465 for simplicity’s sake above). In January 2019, the first month of the first year of the loan, $350 is paid towards interest, and just $115 is paid towards the principal. That’s less than 25% of the total payment, compared to 50% in the previous example.

By the end of the hypothetical loan, hardly any of the payment is allocated towards interest, and the majority is applied to the principal. In the very last monthly payment in the last year, only $3 goes towards interest and $462 to principal. In the last year, only $206 total goes towards interest versus $4,155 in the first year.

To calculate your student loan amortization schedule, you too can use an online calculator . It can also be really helpful to see the numbers in graph form, and to see each amortized payment listed out—so you know how much of your money is going to both interest and principal in each monthly payment.

Can You Pay Less Interest on Your Loans?

If amortized payments are frustrating to you, you’re not alone. One way to possibly alleviate the pain is to pay your loan back faster than the stated term. Especially at the beginning of the loan’s repayment term, making additional payments towards the principal might lower what you’ll owe in interest.

If you go this route, consider letting your lender know that the additional payment is to be applied to the principal of the loan, not the interest. If you are mailing a check, you could include a note. If you’re making a payment online, you may want to call your loan servicer to make sure that they apply the money correctly.

For borrowers with multiple loans that want to expedite their debt payment, it’s hard to know where to start. If your goal is really to nip loan amortization in the bud, you might want to consider the “debt avalanche” method of debt repayment.

Using this method, you would choose the source of debt with the highest interest rate and work on “attacking” it first, while making the minimum payment on all other loans. After the highest interest rate loan is paid off, you would move to the next highest interest rate loan, and so on.

Graduates can also consider refinancing their student loans. When you refinance, you’re essentially paying off your old loan or loans with a new loan from a private lender, like SoFi. Ideally, you refinance in order to get a lower rate on your loans than you currently have.

No matter your current financial standing, it’s usually worth checking to see if you qualify for a lower rate than you’re currently paying. With refinancing, you’re also usually able to adjust other terms to your loans, such as the repayment schedule. You can extend it, if you’re looking for lower monthly payments, or shorten it, if you want to pay less in interest—and outsmart amortization—on your loan.

Borrowers shouldn’t refinance their loans if they’re currently using one of the special federal loan repayment plans such as income-driven repayment or Public Service Loan Forgiveness. When you refinance, you will lose access to these programs. Otherwise, it’s usually worth looking into.

Want to spend more money on the things you love, and less on student loan interest? See if refinancing your loans with SoFi is right for you. Checking your rate is free and takes as little as two minutes.


Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.

External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.

SoFi Student Loan Refinance
SoFi Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891. (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). SoFi Student Loan Refinance Loans are private loans and do not have the same repayment options that the federal loan program offers, or may become available, such as Public Service Loan Forgiveness, Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, PAYE or SAVE. Additional terms and conditions apply. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal.

SOSL18211

Read more
TLS 1.2 Encrypted
Equal Housing Lender